{"title":"IGZO 2T1C DRAM With Low Operation Voltage and High Current Window","authors":"Wendong Lu;Kaifei Chen;Menggan Liu;Fuxi Liao;Zijing Wu;Naide Mao;Zihan Li;Xuanming Zhang;Congyan Lu;Jiebin Niu;Bok-Moon Kang;Jing-Hong Shi;Xie-Shuai Wu;Gui-Lei Wang;Zhengyong Zhu;Jiawei Wang;Lingfei Wang;Di Geng;Nianduan Lu;Guanhua Yang;Chao Zhao;Ling Li","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3566162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3566162","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel IGZO 2T1C cell. Novel bit-cell applies read-word-line to the capacitor terminal and utilize the coupling effect of the capacitor to achieve storage node (SN) voltage modulation. By this design, a larger current window can be achieved by biasing the read transistor to the region with the steepest subthreshold slope. Through optimizing the gate dielectric thickness, DG IGZO transistor of <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { L}}_{mathrm {CH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>=50 nm achieves ultra-low subthreshold slope of 63.9 mV/dec. Based on optimized devices, the implementation of DRAM features an ultra-high current window (Idata‘1’/Idata‘0’) of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim {mathrm {10}}^{mathrm {3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at ultra-low write voltage of 0.2 V. Furthermore, the proposed novel 2T1C bit-cell provides a more reliable gate-controlled read scheme. This work paves the forward way for low voltage and reliable sensing IGZO DRAM application.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"444-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10981849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Insights Into Design Optimization of Negative Capacitance Complementary-FET (CFET)","authors":"Sandeep Semwal;Pin Su","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3546314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3546314","url":null,"abstract":"This work assesses and analyzes negative-capacitance CFETs (NC-CFETs) with metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) and metal-ferroelectric-metal-insulator-semiconductor (MFMIS) configurations through experimentally calibrated Landau-Khalatnikov model for an ultrathin (1.5 nm) single-crystalline HZO ferroelectric (FE). Results show a suppressed improvement with MFMIS topology over the MFIS topology in the subthreshold region if implemented with the CFET architecture due to the CFET-specific common-gate structure. We also propose an alternative MFMIS NC-CFET design with the FE stacked only at the top of the device (~5.3 times lower FE area compared to conventional MFMIS NC-CFET), which can significantly improve the capacitance matching and subthreshold swing provided an FE layer with relatively higher remnant polarization is used. In addition, a design guideline to optimize MFIS NC-CFET is also highlighted. Our study may provide insights into device design for future energy-efficient electronics.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"154-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10906432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanomole Process: Enabling Localized Metallic Back-Gates for Enhanced Cryogenic Front-to-Back Coupling in FDSOI Quantum Dots","authors":"Fabio Bersano;Niccolò Martinolli;Ilan Bouquet;Michele Ghini;Eloi Collette;Liza Žaper;Floris Braakman;Martino Poggio;Mathieu Luisier;Adrian Mihai Ionescu","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3545661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3545661","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel integration method of localized metallic back-gates into fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) multi-gate FETs, enabling robust front-to-back electrostatic coupling from room temperature to cryogenic conditions, without the need for substrate implantation. The fabrication process, termed the Nanomole process, utilizes nanometric vapor-phase etching of the buried oxide or silicon substrate with vapor-HF and XeF2 gases. This is followed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of a dielectric material and Pt, with precise patterning achieved through inductively coupled plasma etching. Detailed analysis of the process demonstrates controllable etch rates based on device geometry, providing calibrated guidelines for scalable manufacturing. Symmetric mid-k dual-gating is reported in devices featuring a Si-film thickness of 24 nm, with a top and bottom gate oxide equivalent thickness (EOT) of 6.5 nm. Electrical characterization of multi-gate FDSOI SETs, operated as FETs, confirms effective threshold voltage tuning through dual-gate operation, with consistent performance from room temperature to millikelvin regimes. Additionally, quantum mechanical simulations based on the effective mass approximation at 4 K offer insights into the electrostatic behavior of dual-gated SOI quantum dot devices in both planar and nanowire geometries. This scalable and versatile technological solution opens new possibilities for advanced quantum devices, such as charge and spin qubits, by enabling in situ control over volume inversion, electron valley splitting, and spin-orbit interaction.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"210-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10902357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxide Phototransistor Array With Multiply-and-Accumulation Functions for In-Sensor Image Processing","authors":"Saisai Wang;Xiaotao Jing;Wanlin Zhang;Rui Wang;Hong Wang;Qi Huang","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3545885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3545885","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced in-sensor computing paradigm has gradually become a research hotspot in this IOT era of sensor data proliferation. However, most existing in-sensor computing devices are plagued by a complex structure, and the uniformity of the sensor array is difficult to ensure. Moreover, photoconductive devices are incapable of achieving on-chip current summation because the regulation of photoresponsivity usually leads to inconsistent dark current, thereby impeding the practical implementation of artificial neural networks (ANNs) on the sensor array. In this work, we developed a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$3times 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ultraviolet (UV) image sensor array based on solution-processed indium oxide (In2O3) phototransistors. The devices exhibit tunable responsivity and unified dark current under negative gate voltage (Vgs), enabling the direct execution of multiply-and-accumulation (MAC) operations. Consequently, two key applications of ANN were successfully demonstrated: image convolution and classification.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"378-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10904187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Power a-IGZO TFT Emission Driver With Shoot-Through Current-Free QB Control Block","authors":"Won-Been Jeong;Sang-Hoon Kim;Seung-Woo Lee","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3544840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3544840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an emission driver for active-matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) displays using amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs). The proposed circuit effectively eliminates shoot-through current in QB control block, achieving 97% reduction in power consumption compared to conventional one. It stably operates in both depletion and enhancement modes and supports pulse-width modulation (PWM) driving for better low gray level expression of AMOLED displays. Simulation results show that the proposed circuit has the robust performance for high-resolution AMOLED displays.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10899845","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization and Modeling of MOSFET Series Resistance Down to 4 K","authors":"Yuhuan Lin;Zhizhao Ma;Shilong Li;Tianyue Wen;Yuxuan Zhou;Hao Su;Shenghua Zhou;Longyang Lin;Yida Li;Kai Chen","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3544738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3544738","url":null,"abstract":"MOSFET parasitic series resistance <inline-formula> <tex-math>$({R}_{SD})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is an important parameter when channel length scales down. This paper presents a systematic study of <inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}_{SD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> extracted from the mobility constant method down to 4 K. For the first time, the anomalous behavior of <inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}_{SD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with temperature lowering is interpreted and modeled by combined effects of dopant freeze-out and mobility. Excellent fit between the standard N/P-MOSFET measurement data and this model for 40 nm bulk device from leading foundry is shown from 300 K to 4 K. In addition, <inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}_{SD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> change with width scaling combined with temperature effects is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10899824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enrico Gasparin;Arno Hoogerwerf;Dara Bayat;Guido Spinola Durante;Yves Petremand;Maurizio Tormen;Michel Despont;Gaël Close
{"title":"Design of an Integrated MEMS Magnetic Gradiometer Rejecting Vibrations and Stray Fields","authors":"Enrico Gasparin;Arno Hoogerwerf;Dara Bayat;Guido Spinola Durante;Yves Petremand;Maurizio Tormen;Michel Despont;Gaël Close","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3543662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3543662","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic sensors are often used near current-carrying wires or electrical motors generating significant magnetic interference. To mitigate the effects of these stray fields, the traditional design approach relies on a differential sensing scheme: multiple magnetometers are spaced apart, and the field differences are measured. Despite being rejected, stray fields still constrain the design space. Extra linear range and matched channels are required to accommodate their peak amplitude without saturation or residual common-mode leakage. On the contrary, single-point MEMS gradiometers rely on the force acting on a magnet, which is directly proportional to the magnetic field gradient. The stray field is intrinsically rejected by the magnetic transducing mechanism, even before entering the measurement chain. The range of the measurement chain can then be largely optimized for the gradient, independently of the stray field amplitude. This paper discusses the design of a single-point MEMS gradiometer. By design, it rejects magnetic stray fields and mechanical disturbances like vibrations and gravity. It is the first single-point MEMS gradiometer capable of operating unshielded and in various orientations. The prototype achieves a noise density of 4 nT/mm/<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sqrt {mathrm { Hz}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> within a measurement range of <inline-formula> <tex-math>${pm } 300~{mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>T/mm. The paper demonstrates the sensor’s effectiveness in a bus-bar current sensing application. Design limitations and future design prospects are also outlined.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"228-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10892099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Highly Robust Integrated Gate Driver Based on Organic TFTs for Active-Matrix Displays","authors":"Wanming Wu;Chuanke Chen;Chunyu Zhang;Chen Gu;Yinzhi Tang;Shipeng Wang;Mengwen Yan;Qingding Tong;Di Geng;Ling Li","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3542951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3542951","url":null,"abstract":"A highly robust integrated gate driver based on organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) is proposed that effectively addresses the output degradation caused by depletion-mode operation, instability and variation. The series-connected two-transistor structures and the inverters generate positive gateto- source voltages for internal nodes, which eliminate the leakage current and voltage ripples in depletion-mode operation and extend the support threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$V_{TH}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) range. The simulation waveforms of the 538th stage have no degradation, considering the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta V_{TH}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> range from 1.18 to -0.53 V for single-gate (SG) OTFT and that from 2.13 to -8.07 V for dual-gate (DG) OTFT. The fabricated gate drivers generate stable scan signals with almost negligible voltage ripples for SG- and DG-OTFT with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$V_{TH}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of +7.9 and +1.8 V, respectively. In a 5.8-inch AMOLED panel (resolution: 538×302), the circuit can operate at a frame rate range from 1 to 45 Hz, driven by clocks with a frequency of 12.5 kHz and a swing from 0 to -15 V.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10891473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Aligned Staggered Amorphous-Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors With Ultra-Low Contact Resistance for High-Speed Circuits Application","authors":"Chuanke Chen;Xinlv Duan;Congyan Lu;Xichen Chuai;Wanming Wu;Chunyu Zhang;Chen Gu;Guanhua Yang;Nianduan Lu;Di Geng;Ling Li","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3543212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3543212","url":null,"abstract":"A self-aligned (SA) staggered structure for amorphous-In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) is proposed. The bottom contact between n+-IGZO and source/drain (S/D) enables larger contact area and shorter current-transmission distance, thus reducing the contact resistance. The non-overlap structure helps to eliminate the overlap-induced parasitic capacitance, thereby improving the device operating speed. The fabricated SA staggered a-IGZO TFTs exhibit good performance, including channel-width-normalized contact resistance (RCW) as low as 1.53 <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Omega cdot mathrm{~cm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and transit frequency (fT) as high as 1.4 GHz, which are quite competitive in the field of high-speed a-IGZO TFTs.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10891703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generic Cryogenic CMOS Device Modeling and EDA-Compatible Platform for Reliable Cryogenic IC Design","authors":"Zhidong Tang;Zewei Wang;Yumeng Yuan;Chang He;Xin Luo;Ao Guo;Renhe Chen;Yongqi Hu;Longfei Yang;Chengwei Cao;Lin Lin Liu;Liujiang Yu;Ganbing Shang;Yongfeng Cao;Shoumian Chen;Yuhang Zhao;Shaojian Hu;Xufeng Kou","doi":"10.1109/JEDS.2025.3542589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2025.3542589","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines the establishment of a generic cryogenic CMOS database in which key electrical parameters and transfer characteristics of the MOSFETs are quantified as functions of device size, temperature/frequency responses. Meanwhile, comprehensive device statistical analysis is conducted to evaluate the influence of variation and mismatch effects at low temperatures. Furthermore, by incorporating the Cryo-CMOS compact model into the process design kit (PDK), the cryogenic 4 Kb SRAM and 5-bit flash ADC are designed, and their performance is investigated and optimized based on the EDA-compatible platform, hence laying a solid foundation for large-scale cryogenic IC design.","PeriodicalId":13210,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society","volume":"13 ","pages":"117-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10891147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}