Analyst最新文献

{"title":"Visualization Methods for Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays.","authors":"Vinni Thekkudan Novi, Anil Kumar Meher, Abdennour Abbas","doi":"10.1039/d4an01287a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01287a","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in nucleic acid (NA) detection techniques have significantly enhanced the diagnosis of diseases caused by a range of pathogens. These NA-based methods that target specific gene sequences for identification offer high specificity. Despite the effectiveness of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), its requirement for sophisticated laboratory settings and expensive equipment restricts its accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings. As an alternative, isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods are highly sought after due to their rapid, sensitive, and specific detection ability. Among these, loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) stands out due to its simplicity, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. LAMP operates without the need for varied temperature cycles, employing a simple heating block to maintain a constant temperature, thus facilitating onsite rapid testing. In LAMP, the detection step is critical as it shows the outcome of the assay. In order to make the LAMP technique user-friendly and applicable for large scale testing, it is critical to have visual detection where the results can be observed with the naked eye. This review focuses on recent developments of LAMP visualization techniques, including the more common fluorescence, turbidity, and gel electrophoresis methods, as well as innovations in colorimetric techniques applying novel transduction methods such as nanoparticles and digital tools. Additionally, various practical applications of LAMP are discussed.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of supplementation of macular pigment carotenoids on ocular health: a Raman spectroscopic study of human blood serum of glaucoma patients","authors":"Joy Udensi, James Loughman, Ekaterina Loskutova, Hugh J. Byrne","doi":"10.1039/d4an01337a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01337a","url":null,"abstract":"Carotenoids are known for their antioxidant and vision protection roles, with dietary supplements often promoted for eye health. An initial trial, the European Nutrition in Glaucoma Management (ENIGMA), assessed macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and other ocular parameters before and after supplementing glaucoma patients with macular pigment (MP) carotenoids. The trial confirmed significant improvements in clinical ocular health. Blood, containing all major dietary carotenoids, serves as an efficient medium for <em>in vivo</em> analysis of carotenoids. Raman spectroscopy, an effective analytical tool, was used to measure the impact of supplementation on serum carotenoid levels and their correlation with MPOD and other ocular responses. Serum samples from baseline and 18-month supplemented participants were analysed. An inverse relationship was found between the percentage change in Raman intensity over the supplementation period and baseline Raman serum measurements, indicating greater relative benefits for people with low MPOD/serum carotenoids pre-supplementation. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to analyse the spectra after pre-processing, and the loadings reflected the carotenoid content and structural profile. MPOD results correlated at all eccentricities, with a coefficient of determination (<em>R</em><small>²</small>) of 0.62–0.92 and %Root mean squared error of &lt;44%. Structural, functional, and perceptual parameters also showed good correlation with serum Raman measurements. The results support the ENIGMA trial conclusions, and suggest strategies for optimizing patient responses to supplementation based on baseline carotenoid levels. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy of serum carotenoids shows significant potential as a simple and reliable method for investigating macular pigment carotenoids and assessing patient health.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bis-pyrene polyamine receptor for fast optical detection of ketoprofen: synthesis, characterization and application in all-solid-state fluorescent sensors","authors":"Giammarco Maria Romano, Pierangela Di Menna, Andrea Bencini, Yschtar Tecla Simonini Steiner, Massimo Innocenti, Corrado Di Natale, Roberto Paolesse, Larisa Lvova","doi":"10.1039/d4an01469c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01469c","url":null,"abstract":"Here we report on a polyamine receptor L1 bearing pyrene fluorogenic groups for the optical assessment of non-opioid analgesic drug ketoprofen, KP. L1, composed of a diethylenetriamine moiety linked at its extremities to the 1 position of two pyrene units via methylene linkers, gives an emission at 460 nm in water/ethanol 1:1 (v:v) mixture at pH 7, likely due to the excimer formation between the two aromatic groups.. In the presence of KP a salt bridging interaction between the carboxylate group of the analyte and the central ammonium group of L1 induces a redistribution of the acidic protons in the polyamine chain causing a marked increase of the emission. This optical signal was used to detect KP in aqueous media. Inspired by this observation, the properties of all-solid-state optodes with plasticized PVC membranes doped with L1 and deposited on the appropriate solid support material were further tested. The best membrane contained 1wt% of fully protonated L1, plasticized with DOS and doped with 3 equiv. of TDMACl anion-exchanger. It was able to detect KP in 2μM–0.1mM range with a low influence of interfering ions and applied for KP assessment in OkiTask with RSD of 2.1% and recovery of 102%. Moreover, the possibility to low down the KP DL to 0.84 μM (0.21mg/L) through the application of L1 based fluorescent sensor array and chemometrics was shown.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lanmodulin-based fluorescent assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of rare earth elements","authors":"QiKe Wang, JieMiao Yu, ZhaoXiang Zhong, Cai Hui, Yi Zhang, Huizhou liu, LiangRong Yang","doi":"10.1039/d4an01196a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01196a","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitive and rapid detection methods for rare earth elements (REEs), including lanthanides (Lns), will facilitate the mining and recovery of these elements. Here, we innovated a rapid, highly selective and sensitive fluorescence detection method for Lns, based on Hans-Lanmodulin, a newly discovered protein with high selectivity and binding affinity for rare earth elements. By labelling the fluorescein moiety FITC onto Hans-Lanmodulin, named as FITC-Hans-LanM. When rare earth ions are present in solution, FITC-Hans-LanM will specifically bind rare earth ions undergoing a conformational change from a disordered state to a dimer, in which the FITC molecules come close to each other, resulting in decreasing fluorescence intensity or even quenching. The assay was responsive to light, medium and heavy rare earth ions. The fluorescence signal has a good linear relationship with Nd<small>³⁺</small> concentration in the range of 1–20 nM. The detection limit of the method was 0.512 nM, within 1 min. This method could become a useful technique for the detection and quantification of rare earth elements in environmental and industrial samples.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening analysis of doping agents in horse urine and plasma with dilute and shoot using liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"Eylem Funda Göktaş, Erol Kabil, Esma Söylemez Yeşilçimen, Levent Dirikolu","doi":"10.1039/d4an01501k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01501k","url":null,"abstract":"Various technical methodologies are required to accurately detect substances of different chemical and pharmacological properties in biological samples, which are increasing in number and variety daily. Therefore, laboratories where many samples and different factors are analyzed simultaneously need methods with easy sample preparation, short analysis times and low analysis costs. In this study, the objective was to scan substances susceptible to chemical degradation, amenable to analysis without hydrolysis, and exhibiting short-term stability by employing a straightforward, expeditious, and cost-efficient method. For this purpose, a high-throughput dilute and shoot screening protocol was developed and validated utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze various pharmacological compounds in horse urine and plasma. Over 200 prohibited substances across multiple categories were scanned within a 13 minute run. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using an elution gradient of mobile phase A, 5 mM ammonium bicarbonate at pH 9, and mobile phase B, methanol, at a flow rate of 0.3 mL min<small>⁻¹</small>. The method was validated according to the specifications of 2002/657/EC multi-screening requirements. The detection capability ranged from ≤1 to 200 ng mL<small>⁻¹</small> for prohibited substances. The implementation of the screening method in doping analysis, and the analysis of real positive case samples served to underscore the practical applicability of the developed method. To the best of our knowledge, this is a rare method that can be applied to both urine and plasma samples and provides a rapid, practical, broad-spectrum, and high-throughput analysis of prohibited substances in horse plasma and urine cost-effectively.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct analysis and identification of intestinal microflora of shrimp for their geographical traceability via mass spectrometry and bacterial library searching","authors":"Hongyan Bi, Mingyue Yu, Yunxing Li, Yuean Chu","doi":"10.1039/d4an01447b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01447b","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of the seafood market has led to an increased probability of food fraud. The development of rapid and reliable traceability methods for aquatic food products is of utmost importance. In this study, direct analysis and identification of the intestinal microbiota of aquatic foods were conducted. The validity of using BacteriaMS database searching for identification of bacteria was assessed and demonstrated through analyzing prepared bacterial mixtures. We focused on shrimp as a model for aquatic food products, and utilized matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to analyze the intestinal microflora of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) collected from three different aquaculture farms in China. It was found that the most dominant bacteria found in shrimp's intestines could serve as a basis for distinguishing shrimps' geographical origin. The most dominant bacteria in the intestines varied among shrimps from different origins, but remained identical for shrimps from the same origin. The reliability of the method in tracing the geographic origin of aquatic products was further validated by analysis of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) from different origins. The findings show that the utilization of MALDI-TOF MS for the analysis of the microbial community in the intestines of shrimp samples combined with bacterial library searching can offer a rapid, accurate, and feasible method that can be employed for determining shrimps' geographical origin. The present protocol was successfully utilized for the traceability of origins of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) and black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). It is promising to extend the present protocol to other aquatic products with regional characteristics, to help combat food fraud in the aquatic products market.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-infrared fluorescent probes based on naphthyridine derivatives for mitochondrial nucleic acid imaging","authors":"Huan Ma, Wen-Pei Ni, Qi Lin, Ru Sun, Jian-Feng Ge","doi":"10.1039/d4an01450b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01450b","url":null,"abstract":"Most current nucleic acid-responsive fluorescent probes are enhanced ones with short emission wavelengths. Therefore, the development of novel near-infrared, turn-on response nucleic acid fluorescent probes is of great significance. Herein, three cationic fluorescent dyes <strong>1a–1c</strong> were synthesized by reacting naphthalidine salt with suitable aldehydes. These probes exhibited excellent photostability, maintaining over 95% of their absorption rate after 5 h of irradiation. Notably, probes <strong>1a–1c</strong> exhibited an OFF–ON fluorescence response to DNA and RNA. The maximum emission wavelength could reach the near-infrared region (661–762 nm), with large Stokes shifts (153–222 nm) upon binding to DNA/RNA. The fluorescence intensity was enhanced 143 fold and 127 fold for <strong>1b</strong> upon interaction with DNA and RNA, respectively. Co-staining and nucleic acid digestion assays showed that probes <strong>1a–1c</strong> could target the mitochondria of fixed cells with low cytotoxicity. These findings may be useful for the early screening of genetic mutations related to mitochondrial diseases.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor to sensitively detect tetramethylpyrazine in Baijiu","authors":"Yating Rui, Jianfeng Wu, Qunyong Tang, Juan Pu, Wangpeng Wang, Shou-Nian Ding","doi":"10.1039/d4an01559b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01559b","url":null,"abstract":"Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a compound known for its natural health benefits, has garnered significant attention. However, current detection methods for TMP are overly expensive and cost-timing. In this study, we developed functional materials with TMP molecular recognition properties using molecularly imprinted technology. TMP does not produce electrochemical signals in the detection potential range, hexacyanoferrate was selected as a redox probe, combined with the highly conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS to enhance electrode conductivity. When coupled with the TMP specific functional materials prepared through molecular imprinting, an electrochemical sensor specifically recognizing TMP was successfully developed, and this was confirmed through characterization techniques such as ultraviolet spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, optimized the crucial experimental parameters for improved performance. Under optimal conditions, the use of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) to measure the peak currents of hexacyanoferrate showed a linear relationship with TMP concentrations from 0.50 × 10−6 to 5.00 × 10−3 M, achieving a detection limit of 2.1 × 10−7 M. This method proved effective for quantifying TMP in Baijiu samples, demonstrating good precision with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 2.71% to 3.28% and recovery percentages between 95.77% and 101.88%. These results indicate the potential of the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensor for accurately measuring TMP in actual samples.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tyramine-enzyme conjugate repeats for interdigitated capacitance immunosensing array with neuroblastoma biomarker of neuron-specific enolase","authors":"Xianchen Hu, Yali Xu, Yuexi Lin, Xinghe Chen, Junshan Lin","doi":"10.1039/d4an01442a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01442a","url":null,"abstract":"Methods based on enzyme labelling strategies have been widely developed for capacitance immunoassays, but most involve low sensitivity and are unfavorable for routine use at the early stage of diagnostics. Herein, we designed a highly efficient capacitance immunosensing method for low-abundance neuroblastoma biomarker of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) on an interdigitated micro-comb electrode. Initially, monoclonal mouse anti-human NSE capture antibodies were encapsulated on the interdigitated gold electrodes by using bovine serum albumin. Thereafter, a sandwich-type immunoreaction was carried out in the presence of target NSE by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled secondary antibody. Following that, the labelled HRP could trigger the formation of tyramine-enzyme conjugate repeats with the help of HRP-tyramine and H2O2. The concatenated HRP molecules catalyzed oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphethol to produce an insoluble precipitation on the interdigitated micro-comb electrode, thus causing the shift in the capacitance. Two protocols with and without the tyramine-HRP repeats were investigated for detection of NSE, and improved analytical features were achieved with tyramine signal amplification. Under optimum conditions, the interdigitated capacitance immunosensors exhibited good responses toward target NSE within a dynamic linear range of 1.0 – 10000 pg mL-1 at a low detection limit of 0.78 pg mL-1. An intermediate reproducibility of ≤9.67% was accomplished with batch-to-batch identification, and good anti-interferring capacity against other proteins was acqiured. No significant differences at the 0.05 significance level were encountered in the analysis of 12 human serum specimens between the developed capacitance immunosensor and the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-modified reduced graphene oxide for serum enrichment of N-glycans and MALDI-TOF MS-based identification of HCC biomarkers","authors":"Baoying Zhang, Shengjie Yang, Xuyuan Chao, Lu Qi, Weijie Qin, Haihong Bai, Xinghe Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4an01324g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01324g","url":null,"abstract":"Protein <em>N</em>-glycosylation, as one of the most crucial post-translational modifications, plays a significant role in various biological processes. The structural alterations of <em>N</em>-glycans are closely associated with the onset and progression of numerous diseases. Therefore, the precise and specific identification of disease-related <em>N</em>-glycans in complex biological samples is invaluable for understanding their involvement in physiological and pathological processes, as well as for discovering clinical diagnostic biomarkers. However, protein <em>N</em>-glycosylation suffers from microscopic heterogeneity and low abundance in biological systems, leading to <em>N</em>-glycopeptide signals being overshadowed by those of their non-glycosylated counterparts during mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for the development of novel methods for highly efficient <em>N</em>-glycan enrichment. In this study, we introduced a novel hydrophilic nanomaterial, nitrogen-modified reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO), tailored for this purpose, which was formed by a condensation reaction between the amino groups of rGO and the carboxyl groups of Fmoc-Photo-Linker. Compared to other enrichment materials, N-rGO not only supports efficient <em>N</em>-glycans enrichment <em>via</em> hydrophilic interaction (HILIC), but also serves as an effective matrix for direct MALDI-TOF MS analysis combined with DHB, thereby avoiding sample loss during <em>N</em>-glycans release. 76 and 81 serum <em>N</em>-glycans were obtained from 3 healthy individuals and 3 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Notably, relative quantification of serum <em>N</em>-glycans between 20 patients and 20 healthy controls showed significant expression differences, such as H<small>₅</small>N<small>₄</small>F<small>₁</small>S<small>₁</small>, H<small>₆</small>N<small>₅</small>F<small>₁</small>, H<small>₅</small>N<small>₄</small>S<small>₂</small>, H<small>₅</small>N<small>₄</small>F<small>₂</small>S<small>₁</small> and H<small>₅</small>N<small>₅</small>F<small>₁</small>S<small>₁</small>, indicating the potential of N-rGO for biomarker discovery.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}