Analyst最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the stability and specific electrochemical sensing of lead ions using copper nanoclusters on sulfur and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots","authors":"Saisree S., Dhrishya V., Gaurav Meena, Arya S. Nair and Sandhya K. Y.","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00605H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00605H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metal nanoclusters (MNCs) exhibit unique electronic properties, quantum size effects, and high catalytic activity; however, their practical efficacy is often limited by poor stability, particularly in the case of less noble and lower cost metals such as copper compared to noble and high-cost metals such as gold and silver. Stabilization strategies involving bulky ligands compromise structural and synthesis simplicity, while the use of small molecules, for instance, thiolate ligands, offers an attractive alternative by promoting structural simplicity and stability <em>via</em> heteroatom interactions. However, their stability remains limited. Thus, here in this work, we report the synthesis of a highly stable thiolate-protected copper nanocluster anchored on sulfur and nitrogen co-doped graphene quantum dots (CuNC@S,N-GQDs), which demonstrates exceptional structural stability for ≥1 year. The NC displays superior electrochemical sensing performance toward Pb(<small>II</small>) ions, accomplishing specific detection with a limit of detection in the picomolar range. The high specificity is ascribed to its strong affinity to Pb(<small>II</small>) because of the sulphur-functional groups in the CuNC@S,N-GQD. Furthermore, the sensor exhibited excellent sensing performance in complex environmental samples, with ∼100% recovery of Pb(<small>II</small>) in all the spiked real water samples, confirming its suitability for environmental monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 18","pages":" 4031-4040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electrochemical aptamer-based sensor for detection of aminoglycosides in milk: addressing practical challenges","authors":"Emeka J. Itumoh, Yasmin Liu, Erica Cassie, Craig Billington and Onyekachi Raymond","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00551E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00551E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigated the practical application of an electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensor for aminoglycoside detection in milk using a previously reported aminoglycoside-binding aptamer. We investigated key factors that influence sensor performance and shelf-life, including electrode cleaning protocols, electrode type and substrate, sample pretreatment, and sensor storage conditions. Our findings demonstrate that sensors fabricated on laser-ablated electrodes on flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate exhibited a superior response to gentamicin-spiked solutions relative to screen-printed electrodes on ceramic substrate, with over 84% improvement in limit of detection (LOD). Electrochemical cleaning with H<small>₂</small>SO<small>₄</small> potential cycling proved more effective for sensor fabrication than oxidation cleaning using a mixture of KOH and H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>. Various milk sample pretreatment methods were tested, including solid-phase extraction, MeCN-treatment, acid-treatment and Carrez-reagent treatment that could potentially be applied for on-site detection. While these methods offered fast separation of milk components, they suffered from drawbacks such as long drying times, additional processing steps, or difficulty scaling up, making them unsuitable for on-site use. Diluting the milk sample up to 50% with PBS binding buffer was a more straightforward approach for gentamicin detection, giving an estimated LOD of 100 μM (100–240 μM linear dynamic range). The fabricated sensors stored in water at 4 °C, maintained stable performance for up to 5 days, evaluated against 50% diluted milk spiked with 500 μM gentamicin. Finally, we demonstrated the potential for on-site application using a miniaturised potentiostat connected to a mobile phone.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 18","pages":" 4111-4121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for ratiometric detection of H2S and its application in monitoring food freshness and bioimaging","authors":"Xiaoyu Zhang, Na Tang, Kangshuo Xu, Ruian Sun, Xue Li and Haichang Ding","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00648A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00648A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogen sulfide (H<small>₂</small>S) is a colorless gas produced during the spoilage of sulfur-rich foods. It is also a multi-functional signaling molecule and plays an essential role in diverse physiological systems. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (<strong>TD</strong>) for monitoring H<small>₂</small>S was rationally prepared. <strong>TD</strong> displayed red emission due to a strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect between the electron-donating phenol group and the electron-withdrawing benzoindole group. Upon reaction with H<small>₂</small>S, the extended π-conjugation system was broken, leading to the ICT effect being turned off and causing a distinctive colorimetric and fluorometric response. Importantly, the probe-based test strip was developed for real-time monitoring of H<small>₂</small>S generated during food spoilage, enabling on-site visualization and detection of food freshness. The practical applicability of <strong>TD</strong> to detect H<small>₂</small>S was also evaluated in water, wine, and living cells. The results, which include <strong>TD</strong>'s rapid response, exceptional selectivity, and sensitivity, establish a foundation for the development of a highly sensitive and accurate analytical method for monitoring H<small>₂</small>S.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 18","pages":" 4041-4050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical archaeology with historical museum samples of mauveine†","authors":"Catarina M. Pinto, M. Conceição Oliveira and J. Sérgio Seixas de Melo","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00258C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00258C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Samples (both in powder and fabrics) from the Science Museum (ScM), Chandler Museum (CM), Museum of Science and Industry (MSIM), Deutsches Museum (Caro), and Bradford Colour Experience Museum (BcM) were analysed by HPLC-DAD, HPLC-DAD-MS, and UHPLC-HRMS to address two key aspects in the history of Perkin's mauveine: (i) the common origin of the Bradford and some of the Science Museum samples and (ii) the presence of <em>o</em>- and <em>p</em>-toluidine (and the absence of <em>tert</em>-butyl-<em>p</em>-toluidine) in the various museum samples. Regarding (i), the data show that the Bradford samples have the same origin as some of the samples from the Science Museum (London) and the Chandler Museum (New York). As the Chandler Museum sample was acquired from Perkin to mark the anniversary of the synthesis of mauveine, it can be concluded that all Bradford Museum samples also originate from Perkin, either directly or <em>via</em> his synthetic procedure. Regarding (ii), the findings confirm that the original synthetic, patented mauveine product was obtained from impure aniline containing both <em>o</em>- and <em>p</em>-toluidine, with no evidence of the presence of <em>tert</em>-butyl-<em>p</em>-toluidine.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 18","pages":" 4094-4101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/an/d5an00258c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly efficient detection of fluoride in Artemisia argyi using silole-based electrochemiluminescence analysis","authors":"Yanju Zhang, Jiangyun Song and Zhengang Han","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00733J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00733J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The content of fluoride has a vital impact on the performance of the traditional Chinese medicine <em>Artemisia argyi</em>, and hence, developing efficient fluoride detection methods is crucial. In this work, we designed and prepared a spirosilole SBS with a typical rigid structure. Calculations and experiments fully disclosed that the rigid structure could remarkably boost its ECL signal in a homogeneous organic solution. On the basis of the special coordination interaction between fluoride and silicon atoms in SBS, an ultrasensitive detection of fluoride (LOD = 3.27 μM) in <em>Artemisia argyi</em> was realized using the developed SBS-based ECL analysis. This work fully demonstrates the enormous potential of ECL analysis in the field of fluoride detection for traditional Chinese medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 18","pages":" 4194-4200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial detection with electrochemical, SERS, and electrochemical SERS sensors","authors":"Kyriaki Karagianni, Tina Leontidou, Marios Constantinou and Chrysafis Andreou","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00428D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00428D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bacteria are responsible for a plethora of infectious diseases, with potentially serious complications, including sepsis, especially in young, elderly, and immunocompromised populations. Quick and accurate bacterial detection is becoming critically important, in many areas, <em>e.g.</em> food safety, medical diagnostics, and public health. However, the currently available bacterial detection methods, such as plate culture, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and polymerase chain reaction, face limitations, being either too time consuming, too costly, or not diagnostically accurate. Alternative approaches seek to provide rapid and accurate diagnostics; electrochemical sensors and optical assays based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) aim to minimize cost and processing time while improving diagnostic accuracy. Here, we provide a review of recent reports utilizing these techniques for bacterial detection in various settings, as well as their combination, namely, electrochemical surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS).</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 17","pages":" 3762-3787"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/an/d5an00428d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering radiopharmaceutical mechanisms through integrated proteomic and PTM-proteomic profiling†","authors":"Xuefang Dong, Xinlian Ding, Lingyan Yuan, Yun Cui, Zhitong Bing, Long Yu, Lei Yang, Xiuling Li and Xinmiao Liang","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00690B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00690B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Drug-regulated protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) enable the identification of modulated pathways and the revelation of phenotypic responses in diseases. However, the integrated regulatory mechanisms of radiopharmaceuticals across the proteomic and PTM landscapes remain poorly characterized. To address this gap, this study presents a quantitative multi-level proteomic analysis to assess regulated PTMs and pathway engagement. Quantitative glycoproteomics, phosphoproteomics, and global proteomics were performed using tumor tissues from radiopharmaceutical-treated mouse models. By analyzing subcellular signaling pathways with site-specific PTMs, differentially expressed molecular signatures were identified with radiopharmaceutical action. Our study provides a comprehensive landscape of the global proteome and PTM-proteome for radiopharmaceutical regulation. These findings uncover multi-level cellular molecular mechanisms involving DNA repair, extracellular matrix organization, and metabolic regulation. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanism of radiopharmaceuticals at the proteomic and PTM-proteomic levels, offering valuable insights for radiopharmaceutical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 17","pages":" 3946-3957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/an/d5an00690b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of permethyloctasilsesquioxane by a novel method: collecting smoke formed by chemical changes in a methylsilsesquioxane blanket at 2000–2500 °C using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","authors":"Abdullah Tav, Yahya Öz and Halil İbrahim Akyıldız","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00182J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00182J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study examined the high-temperature combustion behavior of methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) aerogels, as well as aerogel and ceramic blankets synthesized using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), a common precursor for both MSQ aerogels and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs). Combustion tests were conducted at extreme temperatures ranging from 2000 to 2500 °C. During these tests, smoke was collected and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which detected a novel compound, permethyloctasilsesquioxane (POSS-like), formed during combustion. Since MTMS is a common precursor for MSQ and POSS, it is possible that POSS-like structures could be synthesized directly <em>via</em> high-temperature treatments. This result could bypass conventional methods requiring complex, multi-step chemical procedures and provide new insights into the chemistry of materials exposed to high temperatures. The results demonstrated that burning an aerogel blanket at such elevated temperatures induces significant changes in chemical composition and releases volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are critical for future studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated shifts in the silicon–oxygen (Si–O) peak from 102.59 to 103.67 eV in ceramic blankets and from 102.59 to 103.64 eV in aerogel blankets, suggesting the breakdown of existing bonds and the formation of new chemical structures. Additionally, various analytical techniques including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with FTIR (TGA-FTIR) were utilized to elucidate chemical transformations occurring during combustion. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of α-cristobalite and other silica polymorphs, indicating <em>in situ</em> ceramization of the aerogel framework under extreme thermal stress. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analyses revealed substantial reductions in surface area and mesoporosity after combustion, reflecting compaction and degradation of the porous architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 17","pages":" 3958-3973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical detection of dopamine using negatively charged ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3)†","authors":"Junhee Yu, Hyo Chan Lee, Hyun Ju Yang, Sunyeong Hong and Je Hyun Bae","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00579E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00579E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The ability to accurately detect dopamine, a crucial neurotransmitter, is essential even in the presence of interfering species. In this paper, we present a simple and effective method that uses a nanoporous conducting structure to detect dopamine. Electric double layer (EDL) overlap in a nanoporous electrode with pores only a few nanometers in size enables selective ion transport, thereby facilitating the entry of oppositely charged species into the nanopores while repelling similarly charged ones. Ordered mesoporous carbon was functionalized with carboxyl groups to create a negatively charged surface that enhances charge selectivity. Electroanalytical techniques revealed that positively charged dopamine exhibited a significantly enhanced signal, whereas that from negatively charged ascorbic acid was effectively suppressed. This negatively charged nanoporous electrode enables dopamine to be highly sensitively detected with sub-nanomolar limits, even in the presence of interfering species and without the need for molecular recognizers. These findings provide valuable insight for the development of high-performance sensors based on nanoporous electrode technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 17","pages":" 3927-3934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A positively charged sensor array for identification of microorganisms using fluorescence response patterns†","authors":"Yufan Ma, Guoyang Zhang, Xuefei Wang, Sio-Long Lo and Zhuo Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5AN00439J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AN00439J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, are ubiquitous and closely related to human life and health. The identification of microorganisms is especially important in the diagnosis of diseases. Herein, three positively charged tetraphenylethylene derivatives (<strong>PCTs</strong>) were successfully synthesized and used to form a sensor array (<strong>PCTs-Sa</strong>) to identify microorganisms. The three aggregation-induced luminogens (AIEgens) have different cationic groups, multi-color emission and hydrophobicity. By studying the binding energies of phospholipid bilayers and peptidoglycan bilayers, the interaction mechanisms between <strong>PCTs</strong> and different microorganisms were explored. <strong>PCTs</strong> and phospholipid bilayers exhibited different binding energies, resulting in differences in fluorescence imaging. They interacted with microorganisms to produce unique differential fluorescence responses. Through principal component analysis and a support vector machine with 100% accuracy, a variety of microorganisms were identified, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, spherical bacteria with similar morphology, different mixtures of microorganisms and various concentrations of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. This work provides a method with rapid response, high accuracy, high-throughput and no additional washing steps to identify microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 17","pages":" 3918-3926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}