Nawshaba Nawreen, Kristen Oshima, James Chambers, Marissa Smail, James P Herman
{"title":"Inhibition of prefrontal cortex parvalbumin interneurons mitigates behavioral and physiological sequelae of chronic stress in male mice.","authors":"Nawshaba Nawreen, Kristen Oshima, James Chambers, Marissa Smail, James P Herman","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2361238","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2361238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic stress leads to hypofunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), mechanisms of which remain to be determined. Enhanced activation of GABAergic of parvalbumin (PV) expressing interneurons (INs) is thought to play a role in stress-induced prefrontal inhibition. In this study, we tested whether chemogenetic inhibition of mPFC PV INs after chronic stress can rescue chronic stress-related behavioral and physiological phenotypes. Mice underwent 2 weeks of chronic variable stress (CVS) followed by a battery of behavioral tests known to be affected by chronic stress exposure, e.g. an open field (OF), novel object recognition (NOR), tail suspension test (TST), sucrose preference test (SPT), and light dark (LD) box. Inhibitory DREADDs were actuated by 3 mg/kg CNO administered 30 min prior to each behavioral test. CVS caused hyperactivity in the OF, reduced sucrose preference in the SPT (indicative of enhanced anhedonia), and increased anxiety-like behavior in the LD box. Inhibition of PV IN after stress mitigated these effects. In addition, CVS also resulted in reduced thymus weight and body weight loss, which were also mitigated by PV IN inhibition. Our results indicate that chronic stress leads to plastic changes in PV INs that may be mitigated by chemogenetic inhibition. Our findings implicate cortical GABAergic INs as a therapeutic target in stress-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2260922
Noelia Muñoz-Fernández, Rosario Del Rey, Joaquín A Mora-Merchán, Paz Elipe
{"title":"Sexual Diversity Bullying and Cyberbullying Questionnaires: An Inclusive Approach to Measure Sexuality-Based Bullying.","authors":"Noelia Muñoz-Fernández, Rosario Del Rey, Joaquín A Mora-Merchán, Paz Elipe","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2260922","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2260922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>LGBTQ+ bullying is a specific type of stigma-based bullying with a high prevalence among LGBTQ+ people. However, instruments to assess this phenomenon are scarce and focus on homophobic aggressions, and the motivations therefor, mainly in relation to gay and lesbian youths. In this study, we introduce and validate an instrument to assess LGBTQ+ bullying. The instrument covers general and specific aggressions, as well as dimensions of sexuality besides sexual orientation such as gender identity and expression, as a more comprehensive approach to understand the phenomenon. The study included 2,552 adolescents (M<sub>Age</sub> = 14.54, SD = 1.76) from 13 Andalusian public secondary schools. Regarding gender identity, 43.9% of participants were cisgender boys, 53.5% were cisgender girls, and 2.6% were trans-binary and non-binary gender youths. In terms of sexual orientation, 81.1% of participants were heterosexual students, 2.4% lesbian/gay, 11.2% bisexual/pansexual, 4.4% questioning, and 0.9% asexual. Second-order models for bullying and cyberbullying had a good fit. Moreover, invariance was seen for bullying [ΔCFI = -.003] and cyberbullying [ΔCFI = .003] victimization measures. Furthermore, there was a sexual diversity bias: cisgender heterosexual students were more likely to perpetrate LGBTQ+ aggressions, and LGBTQ+ students were more likely to be targets of general and specific aggressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2263801
Yelena Mejova, Anya Hommadova Lu
{"title":"Self-Disclosure of Loneliness by LGBTQ+ Twitter Users During COVID-19.","authors":"Yelena Mejova, Anya Hommadova Lu","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263801","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental health in LGBTQ+ community is often challenged by stigma, prejudice, and discrimination. The \"social distancing\" public health measures during COVID-19 epidemic have exacerbated the trend. During the pandemic, many took to social media as an outlet for sharing their feelings and in search of connection. Social media may help alleviate loneliness-an increasingly prevalent condition associated with both physical and mental health issues. In this study, we examine 147,736 Twitter posts mentioning loneliness by users who self-identify as part of the LGBTQ+ community, posted before and during the COVID-19 lockdowns. We find that, compared to the year before COVID-19, these users posted 67% more loneliness self-disclosures during the first year of COVID-19. Examining the emotional content of these tweets, we find frequent references to depression, dysphoria, and suicidal ideation. During COVID-19, the users mentioned more \"pain\" and \"numbness\" in association with the lack of social and physical contact. However, many found Twitter to be a safe space to express these feelings. The replies to these disclosures were rare: only about 29% received one. Using a large dataset of self-disclosures, we reveal quantitatively and qualitatively the disclosure around loneliness by LGBTQ+ users at an unprecedented time of social isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2263802
Elazar Ben-Lulu
{"title":"\"Dancing Steps of #WeToo Resistance\": Choreography of Masculinity, Sexuality, and Violence on an Israeli Stage.","authors":"Elazar Ben-Lulu","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263802","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Israeli masculinity has been researched by diverse disciplines such as sociology, army studies, gender studies, and more. The dominant theme of such research has been to identify Israeli masculinity as heteronormative and aggressive, and usually discusses it via a nationalistic or religious lens, basing its interpretation on macho, militaristic, and heterosexual values. The current study suggests another perspective for exploring Israeli masculinity by examining two dance productions created by male choreographers and performed by male dancers: <i>Beasts</i> by Ido Tadmor (2000) and <i>But the Virgin Was More Available</i> by Javier de Protos (2002). Both performances expose a homosexual dynamic, reclaims feminine symbols, and exposes silenced public issues such as rape perpetuated against men. These pioneer performances thereby challenge the heteronormative constructions of gender identities and sexualities and present a performance of masculinity which opposes hegemonic perceptions, which are based on heterosexual and machoistic values. I conclude that these modern choreographic productions can be considered political cultural acts in the Israeli public sphere that give a voice to gendered discourse otherwise silenced by Israeli society at large.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2263804
Leah Dajches
{"title":"From the Margins to the Mainstream: Explicating and Validating Queer Readings Among Sexual Minority Youth.","authors":"Leah Dajches","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263804","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scholars posit that media texts are polysemic (i.e., open to multiple interpretations) with popular media representing a social institution within Western cultures that spreads dominant societal values, norms, and expectations. Due to their marginalized position within society, sexual minority individuals (i.e., LGBQ+) are frequently underrepresented by mainstream media messages. One way in which marginalized individuals can challenge the dominant, heteronormative discourse is through subversive in which individuals interpret messages against heteronormative ideals (i.e., queer readings). Across two studies, a reliable and valid measure of the uses and gratifications of queer readings was explicated; revealing a four-factor, 20-item scale. Results contribute to the entertainment media and fan studies literatures by providing an understanding of the utility of queer readings in the experiences and development of sexual minority individuals, as well as presents numerous future avenues for inquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2260920
Laura M Houghtaling, Wendy D Manning, Claire M Kamp Dush
{"title":"Coping Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Sexual and Gender Identity.","authors":"Laura M Houghtaling, Wendy D Manning, Claire M Kamp Dush","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2260920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2260920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>National polls have shown that COVID-19 has been highly stressful, negatively affecting well-being and life satisfaction overall, but few studies have focused on individuals with sexual and gender diverse identities. Pandemic-related stress may increase engagement in adverse or negative health-related coping behaviors and decrease engagement in positive coping strategies, potentially exacerbating existing LGBTQ+ health disparities. Relying on a nationally representative population-based sample, we examine disparities in rates of negative and positive COVID-19 coping behaviors by sexual and gender identities. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for key sociodemographic and pandemic related factors, we found higher rates of negative and positive coping behaviors among certain sexual and gender diverse groups compared to their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. Specifically, we find that lesbian and gay respondents reported more positive and negative coping strategies compared to heterosexual persons. We also found higher rates of negative coping behaviors among plurisexual (bisexual, pansexual, omnisexual) and noncisgender adults (transgender or other nonbinary gender identity) compared to heterosexual and cisgender adults, respectively. We contribute to prior studies by focusing on both negative and positive pandemic related coping among sexually and gender diverse populations. These responses to the pandemic may have long-term implications for the health and well-being of sexual and gender diverse individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10985047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HomosexualityPub Date : 2024-10-14Epub Date: 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2263800
Russell L Steiger, P J Henry
{"title":"The Relationship Between Gender and Sexual Orientation in Academia.","authors":"Russell L Steiger, P J Henry","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263800","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2263800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, there has been no prior systematic analysis of where LGB research gets published and where LGB studies programs are housed within universities. LGB research could have a disciplinary home in any number of areas of study because of its relevance across many disciplines. Nevertheless, drawing upon the theory of sexuality-as-gendered, we predicted that LGB research and programs of study would be found predominantly within gender studies. We examine the extent to which sexual orientation research (Study 1) and U.S. university LGBTQ-related academic programming (Studies 2 and 3) has found their home in the gender studies discipline. Study 1 results showed gender studies have been the primary home of published sexual orientation research in top-ranked peer-reviewed journals over the past three decades. In Study 2, university LGBTQ academic programming was housed within gender studies departments more frequently than any other department-including standalone LGBTQ studies departments. In Study 3, Google searches for university \"LGBT studies\" frequently led to that university's gender studies department website as the top search result-including universities whose gender studies department offered zero LGBTQ-related courses. Combined, these results demonstrate far-reaching manifestations of the fact that gender and sexuality are inextricably intertwined constructs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41183933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attachment and Mental Health of Men Having Sex with Men Engaging in Chemsex: Is Substance Abuse Only the Tip of the Iceberg?","authors":"Jean-Victor Blanc, Jean-Del Burdairon, Léo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Stéphane Mouchabac, Vladimir Adrien","doi":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2266086","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00918369.2023.2266086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) with problematic chemsex (a specific sexualized drug use pattern) face several health issues. The aim of this monocentric observational study was to assess the mental health history and attachment style (AS) within 71 GBMSM seeking care for problematic chemsex. Attachment style (AS) was evaluated using the Relationship Scales Questionnaire. 82% of the cohort (58) had at least one mental health disorder (among depression, anxiety, alcohol use disorder or hypersexuality). 9.9% were admitted to intensive care due to chemsex use. Traumas were frequent, with 31% reporting childhood sex abuse and 24% declaring having attempted suicide. 62 (87%) had insecure AS: 38% preoccupied, 23% fearful and 24% dismissing. Users with a positive self model (<i>N</i> = 24) had fewer comorbidities (63% vs 92%, <i>p</i> = .003) and practiced more chemsex alone (75% vs 33%, <i>p</i> < .001) than users with negative self model (<i>N</i> = 47). Users with a positive other model (<i>N</i> = 35) practiced more slamsex (injections of substance in a sexual context) (80% vs 50%, <i>p</i> = .008) and had fewer comorbidities (71% vs 92%, <i>p</i> = .027) than users with a negative other model (<i>N</i> = 36). Attachment theory is a way to provide holistic and tailored and harm reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Homosexuality","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41183932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James J Kim, Harry T Reis, Michael R Maniaci, Samantha Joel
{"title":"Half Empty <i>and</i> Half Full? Biased Perceptions of Compassionate Love and Effects of Dyadic Complementarity.","authors":"James J Kim, Harry T Reis, Michael R Maniaci, Samantha Joel","doi":"10.1177/01461672231171986","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231171986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevailing theory on relationship judgments for interaction attributes suggests individuals tend to underestimate a romantic partner's expressions of compassionate love and that such underestimation is beneficial for the relationship. Yet, limited research has incorporated dyadic perspectives to assess how biased perceptions are associated with both partners' outcomes. In two daily studies of couples, we used distinct analytical approaches (Truth and Bias Model; Dyadic Response Surface Analysis) to inform perspectives on how biased perceptions are interrelated and predict relationship satisfaction. Consistent with prior research, people demonstrated an underestimation bias. However, there were differential effects of biased perceptions for actors versus partners: Underestimation predicted lower actor satisfaction but generally higher satisfaction for partners. Furthermore, we find evidence for <i>complementarity</i> effects: partners' directional biases were inversely related, and couples were more satisfied when partners had opposing patterns of directional bias. Findings help integrate theoretical perspectives on the adaptive role of biased relationship perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9515143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trauma Theory and Abuse, Neglect and Violence Across the Life Course.","authors":"Patricia Brownell","doi":"10.1177/08862605241264542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605241264542","url":null,"abstract":"A literature review of recent prevalence and prospective studies on interpersonal violence (IPV) identifies a link among child abuse, intimate partner violence, and elder abuse that had not emerged from life-stage-specific studies on abuse, neglect, and violence against older persons. In line with a developmental understanding of IPV from a life course perspective, early life trauma is emerging as an explanatory theory of IPV across the life course. This paradigm shift in the field of elder abuse challenges more traditional explanations of IPV in old age, such as ageism, but opens up new opportunities for interventions leading to prevention and treatment of abuse, neglect, and violence against older adults. Prevalence studies that include older subjects and questions about violence experienced as children and younger adults consistently identify child abuse as a risk factor for IPV experienced in old age. Similarly, prospective studies on IPV that follow subjects from childhood to old age identify lifetime patterns of abuse. Qualitative studies of IPV in old age that include retrospective data suggest a link as well. IPV perpetrated against children and adults of all ages by persons in positions of trust can lead to trauma that has adverse lifelong behavioral and relational implications. This provides a link between trauma theory and violence against older people. Until recently, abuse, neglect, and violence were conceptualized differently based on the life stage of the victim. While historically the definitions for partner and non-partner violence diverged based on the life stage of victims, more recently this has begun to converge. Understanding violence from a life course and trauma-informed perspective better identifies risk factors and interventions for IPV against older adults. Intersectionality of age and gender variables demonstrate differences and similarities among populations studied.","PeriodicalId":16289,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}