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Interpreting Microaggressions: The Role of Discourse Context, Recipient Status, and Observers' Political Orientation. 解读微侵犯：话语语境、接受者地位和观察者政治取向的作用。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251377809
Thomas Holtgraves, Rishi Sarin, Rebecca Wood, Emily Cronk, Ana Júlia Nogueira Mourão
{"title":"Interpreting Microaggressions: The Role of Discourse Context, Recipient Status, and Observers' Political Orientation.","authors":"Thomas Holtgraves, Rishi Sarin, Rebecca Wood, Emily Cronk, Ana Júlia Nogueira Mourão","doi":"10.1177/01461672251377809","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251377809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microaggressions require an inferential process for their aggressive intent to be recognized. Using approaches from pragmatics, especially relevance theory, we conducted experiments to examine factors predicted to influence perceptions of an utterance as a microaggression. Participants read scenarios describing an interaction between two people and indicated their perceptions of a target remark. We expected and found that an utterance was more likely to be perceived as a microaggression if (a) it occurred in a context for which its relevance was not clear, thereby prompting observers to infer an aggressive intent, and (b) the recipient was a person of marginalized status. Furthermore, these effects were larger for participants with a more liberal political orientation relative to those who were more conservative. This was due, in part, to variability in Theory of Mind capabilities and beliefs about microaggressions associated with political orientation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3886-3903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
I Get Knocked Down but I Get Up Again: Autonomous Motivation Sustains Identification and Collective Action After (Specific) Failure. 我被打倒了，但我又站起来了：在（特定的）失败后，自主动机维持着认同和集体行动。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251381184
Lisette Yip, Emma F Thomas, Catherine Amiot, Léïla Eisner, Morgana Lizzio-Wilson, Winnifred R Louis, Craig McGarty, Fathali Moghaddam
{"title":"I Get Knocked Down but I Get Up Again: Autonomous Motivation Sustains Identification and Collective Action After (Specific) Failure.","authors":"Lisette Yip, Emma F Thomas, Catherine Amiot, Léïla Eisner, Morgana Lizzio-Wilson, Winnifred R Louis, Craig McGarty, Fathali Moghaddam","doi":"10.1177/01461672251381184","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251381184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Movements often experience setbacks while striving to achieve (or prevent) social change. We examined whether autonomous motivation-which captures supporters' internalized commitment to a cause-would sustain identification with the movement and collective action after experiencing failure (vs. success) outcomes following the marriage equality vote in Australia (Study 1; <i>N</i> = 186), and an experimental induction of movement failure (Study 2; <i>N</i> = 137). Autonomous motivation positively predicted identification and collective action, but there was no evidence of moderation by outcome. In Study 3 (<i>N</i> = 377), we experimentally manipulated outcomes (success/failure) and framing (specific/broad) of the climate action movement. We found evidence of a three-way interaction such that the effects of autonomous motivation on identification were strongest after a specific campaign failure. We conclude that autonomous motivation can help to buffer the demotivating effects of a specific failure as well as sustaining identification and commitment to action broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3581-3597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145432059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expression of Concern: "Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: When Cheating Leads to Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting". 关注表达：“不诚实的行为，问心无愧：当欺骗导致道德脱离和动机性遗忘”。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251372058
{"title":"Expression of Concern: \"Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: When Cheating Leads to Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/01461672251372058","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251372058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Becoming Speciesist: How Children and Adults Differ in Valuing Animals by Species and Cognitive Capacity. 成为物种学家：儿童和成人如何根据物种和认知能力来评估动物。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251373108
Lucius Caviola, Matti Wilks, Claudia Suárez-Yera, Carter Allen, Guy Kahane, Luke McGuire, Nadira S Faber, Antonio J Rojas-Tejada, María Sánchez-Castelló, Jorge L Ordóñez-Carrasco, Paul Bloom
{"title":"Becoming Speciesist: How Children and Adults Differ in Valuing Animals by Species and Cognitive Capacity.","authors":"Lucius Caviola, Matti Wilks, Claudia Suárez-Yera, Carter Allen, Guy Kahane, Luke McGuire, Nadira S Faber, Antonio J Rojas-Tejada, María Sánchez-Castelló, Jorge L Ordóñez-Carrasco, Paul Bloom","doi":"10.1177/01461672251373108","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251373108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children morally prioritize humans over animals less than adults do. Is this because children are less speciesist-meaning they place less moral weight on mere species membership? Or is it because they give less weight to differences in cognitive capacity between humans and other animals? We investigated this in two experiments, presenting children and adult participants in the United States and Spain with moral trade-off dilemmas. These dilemmas involved individuals who varied in species membership (human vs. monkey) and cognitive capacity. Across both cultures, children were less likely than adults to prioritize humans over animals, regardless of cognitive capacity. In addition, participants tended to prioritize individuals with higher cognitive capacities, regardless of species membership-though this effect was less robust in children. Our findings suggest that children in these Western contexts are indeed less speciesist than adults, though they do not rule out developmental changes in the moral weight assigned to cognitive capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3632-3641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Do Real-World Rejections Motivate People to Seek out Symbolic Social Bonds? Insights From the Risk-Regulation Model. 现实世界的拒绝何时会激励人们寻找象征性的社会联系？风险监管模型的启示。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251384699
Sandra L Murray, Shira Gabriel, Veronica M Lamarche, Mark D Seery, James K McNulty, Deborah E Ward, Esha Naidu
{"title":"When Do Real-World Rejections Motivate People to Seek out Symbolic Social Bonds? Insights From the Risk-Regulation Model.","authors":"Sandra L Murray, Shira Gabriel, Veronica M Lamarche, Mark D Seery, James K McNulty, Deborah E Ward, Esha Naidu","doi":"10.1177/01461672251384699","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251384699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lack of belonging can negatively affect mental and physical health, but experiences with social rejection are routine. Two studies examined whether being <i>unable</i> to mitigate the risk of rejection in real-world relationships motivates people to defensively immerse themselves in symbolic social bonds with celebrities and fictional characters. Study 1 (four daily diary samples) and Study 2 (cross-sectional sample) operationalized the ability to mitigate risk (i.e., the ability to self-protect) through the amount of time spent in the physical company of potentially hurtful/rejecting close others. In both studies, unmitigated risk (i.e., spending more time with potentially hurtful/rejecting close others) predicted increased/greater engagement with symbolic social bonds. These studies are the first to reveal specific characteristics of social rejection experiences that motivate escape into symbolic social bonds.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3659-3672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resistance or Cooperation? Actor and Partner Effects of Hostile and Benevolent Sexism on Observed Behavior in Couples' Interactions. 抵抗还是合作？敌对和善意性别歧视对夫妻互动中观察到的行为的行动者和伴侣效应。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251372669
Nickola C Overall, Nina Waddell, Eri Sasaki, Myfanwy Christensen, Valerie T Chang
{"title":"Resistance or Cooperation? Actor and Partner Effects of Hostile and Benevolent Sexism on Observed Behavior in Couples' Interactions.","authors":"Nickola C Overall, Nina Waddell, Eri Sasaki, Myfanwy Christensen, Valerie T Chang","doi":"10.1177/01461672251372669","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251372669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hostile sexism evokes women's resistance necessitating benevolent sexism to promote cross-gender cooperation. Addressing inconsistent, primarily self-report evidence for ambivalent sexism theory principles, we test the actor and partner effects of sexist attitudes on behaviors exhibited within heterosexual couples' interactions (<i>N</i> = 855 dyadic interactions). Showing that men's hostile sexism likely incites resistance, men's hostile sexism predicted more hostile and less responsive behavior by men and their women partners. Providing new behavioral evidence that benevolent sexism may promote heterosexual cooperation, men's benevolent sexism predicted less hostile and more responsive behavior by men and their partners. Illustrating that benevolent sexism is also likely to have costs for women and men, women's benevolent sexism predicted more hostile behavior by women and their partners, particularly when men partners were low in benevolent or high in hostile sexism. We emphasize the importance of examining how sexist attitudes influence actor and partner behavior across different contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3862-3885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145588283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does Maximizing Good Make People Look Bad? 最大化好会让人看起来很坏吗？
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251361210
Andres Montealegre, Lance S Bush, David Moss, David A Pizarro, William Jimenez-Leal
{"title":"Does Maximizing Good Make People Look Bad?","authors":"Andres Montealegre, Lance S Bush, David Moss, David A Pizarro, William Jimenez-Leal","doi":"10.1177/01461672251361210","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251361210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the potential to significantly increase the impact of donations, people often fail to prioritize the cost-effectiveness of charities. This paper examines an explanation for why people may donate less effectively due to reputational concerns that favor empathizing with donation recipients rather than deliberating about the cost-effectiveness of charities. Across seven studies, we find that \"deliberators\" are perceived as less moral and less desirable as social partners than \"empathizers.\" Moreover, people accurately anticipate the reputational costs of deliberation and are more likely to donate to causes that evoke more empathy but are less cost-effective when reputational concerns are highlighted. Our findings suggest that there are disincentives for selecting charities by deliberating about their cost-effectiveness, as people are more rewarded for signaling socially valued moral traits than for prioritizing charitable impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3564-3580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145438678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Everyday Prayer to Test Functions of Gratitude in the Context of Religion. 用每日祈祷测试感恩在宗教背景下的功能。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251394647
Patty Van Cappellen, Amanda M Bernal, Sara B Algoe
{"title":"Using Everyday Prayer to Test Functions of Gratitude in the Context of Religion.","authors":"Patty Van Cappellen, Amanda M Bernal, Sara B Algoe","doi":"10.1177/01461672251394647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251394647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the billions who practice a religion, gratitude is thought to be often expressed toward their God in prayers. We build upon two theoretical frameworks to test the effects of gratitude to God on factors central to maintaining religion: a relationship with God and incentive salience for repeating prayer. We developed a protocol to collect spoken prayers and diary data over 2 weeks (<i>N</i> = 93 Christians; 1,118 prayers). We present two automated text analysis methods to index gratitude in transcribed prayers: dictionary-based and GPT-4. We find that GTG is often expressed in prayers, and when people express more GTG in their prayers than their average, they report a better relationship with God and more incentive salience (positive spontaneous thoughts) about prayer. Evidence was not strong for repeating the prayer behavior. We discuss implications for the theory of gratitude and religion and methods for capturing genuine data on private behaviors like prayer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3924-3936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conflictive Uncertainty: A Framework for Understanding the Aversion to Conflicting Information in Social Contexts. 冲突的不确定性：一个理解社会环境中对冲突信息厌恶的框架。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251386102
Guangyu Zhu, Yiyun Shou, Michael Smithson, Michael J Platow
{"title":"Conflictive Uncertainty: A Framework for Understanding the Aversion to Conflicting Information in Social Contexts.","authors":"Guangyu Zhu, Yiyun Shou, Michael Smithson, Michael J Platow","doi":"10.1177/01461672251386102","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251386102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conflicting information can significantly undermine emotions, cognition, and behavior. This paper aims to understand the negative impact of conflicting information through the lens of conflictive uncertainty. Conflictive uncertainty encompasses two dimensions: the epistemological dimension, which involves uncertainty and ambiguity about outcomes and probabilities, and the interpersonal dimension, which arises from doubts about the credibility of sources. Three experiments were conducted to test this framework. Experiment 1 found that, under conflictive uncertainty, participants rated lower source credibility and exhibited weaker preferences compared to ambiguity. Experiment 2 revealed that the negative impact of conflicting information on the strength of preference was mediated by reduced source credibility and increased perceived uncertainty. Experiment 3 demonstrated that neutralizing the loss of credibility mitigated the adverse effects of conflicting information on the strength of preference. These findings highlight the roles of source credibility and perceived uncertainty in understanding the negative effects of conflicting information on decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3844-3861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping and Increasing Americans' Actual and Perceived Support for Initiatives Protecting Future Generations. 绘制和增加美国人对保护子孙后代倡议的实际和感知支持。
IF 3.3 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251384359
Kyle Fiore Law, Emily Gittle, Liane Young, Stylianos Syropoulos
{"title":"Mapping and Increasing Americans' Actual and Perceived Support for Initiatives Protecting Future Generations.","authors":"Kyle Fiore Law, Emily Gittle, Liane Young, Stylianos Syropoulos","doi":"10.1177/01461672251384359","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251384359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across eight preregistered studies (<i>N</i> = 6,464), we apply an approach informed by social norm theory to investigate perceptions and realities of support for Initiatives for Future Generations (IFGs)-institutions and policies designed to ensure political representation for and protection of future generations. We find widespread bipartisan support for IFGs alongside pluralistic ignorance: Americans vastly underestimate their peers' support. Correcting misperceptions enhances individual support, underscoring the role of social norms in shaping collective action. We also find modest-albeit mixed-evidence that interventions aimed at increasing intergenerational concern can boost support for IFGs without exacerbating pluralistic ignorance. These interventions may serve as a complement to norm-corrective approaches by engaging moral motivations alongside informational strategies. Beyond highlighting the value of correcting norm misperceptions in safeguarding future generations' welfare, we explore motivational explanations for pluralistic ignorance and emphasize that policymakers hold the power to implement IFGs with confidence and the public is behind them.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3826-3843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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