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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin最新文献

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Political (Meta-)Dehumanization in Mental Representations: Divergent Emphases in the Minds of Liberals Versus Conservatives. 心理表征中的政治（元）非人化：自由主义者与保守主义者思想中的不同侧重点。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231180971
Christopher D Petsko, Nour S Kteily
{"title":"Political (Meta-)Dehumanization in Mental Representations: Divergent Emphases in the Minds of Liberals Versus Conservatives.","authors":"Christopher D Petsko, Nour S Kteily","doi":"10.1177/01461672231180971","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231180971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted two reverse-correlation studies, as well as two pilot studies reported in the online supplement (total <i>N</i> = 1,411), on the topics of (a) whether liberals and conservatives differ in the types of dehumanization that they cognitively emphasize when mentally representing one another, and if so, (b) whether liberals and conservatives are sensitive to how they are represented in the minds of political outgroup members. Results suggest that partisans indeed differ in the types of dehumanization that they cognitively emphasize when mentally representing one another: whereas conservatives' dehumanization of liberals emphasizes immaturity (vs. savagery), liberals' dehumanization of conservatives more strongly emphasizes savagery (vs. immaturity). In addition, results suggest that partisans may be sensitive to how they are represented. That is, partisans' <i>meta-representations</i>-their representations of how the outgroup represents the ingroup-appear to accurately index the relative emphases of these two dimensions in the minds of political outgroup members.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1675-1689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9815327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beautiful Strangers: Physical Evaluation of Strangers Is Influenced by Friendship Expectation. 美丽的陌生人对陌生人的身体评价受友谊期望的影响
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231180150
Natalia Kononov, Danit Ein-Gar
{"title":"Beautiful Strangers: Physical Evaluation of Strangers Is Influenced by Friendship Expectation.","authors":"Natalia Kononov, Danit Ein-Gar","doi":"10.1177/01461672231180150","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231180150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People tend to evaluate themselves as better than they actually are. Such enhanced positive evaluation occurs not only for the self but also for close others. We extend the exploration of enhanced evaluation of close others to that of strangers. We predict that when individuals consider becoming friends with a stranger, their preference for a pleasant physical experience will drive an enhanced evaluation of that person. In two experiments, participants who considered friendship with a stranger evaluated the stranger as looking, sounding, and smelling better than how control participants evaluated them. The amount of time participants expected to spend with the stranger predicted their evaluation (Studies 1-2). In a large-scale third study, using various target stimuli, we found that when participants have an interest in a friendship but then are unable to physically spend time together, the enhanced-evaluation effect is weaker compared with when they could spend time together.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1725-1736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extreme Reactions to Globalization: Investigating Indirect, Longitudinal, and Experimental Effects of the Globalization-Radicalization Nexus. 对全球化的极端反应：调查全球化与激进化关系的间接、纵向和实验影响。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231167694
Simon Ozer, Milan Obaidi, Gulnaz Anjum
{"title":"Extreme Reactions to Globalization: Investigating Indirect, Longitudinal, and Experimental Effects of the Globalization-Radicalization Nexus.","authors":"Simon Ozer, Milan Obaidi, Gulnaz Anjum","doi":"10.1177/01461672231167694","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231167694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radicalization-as a complex process of adopting extremist attitudes-includes maladaptive responses to the transformative power of globalization. Globalization contains sociocultural disruptive and acculturative processes, initiating exclusionary and integrative reactions. These reactions have dissimilarly been associated with aspects of extremism. In seven preregistered studies (<i>N</i> = 2,161), we draw on various methods combining naturalistic circumstances, cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, and representative data to scrutinize the complex globalization-radicalization nexus within the contexts of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Pakistan. Our results provide empirical support for the hypothesis that insecure life attachment (i.e., experience of contextual safety, inclusiveness, reliability, fairness, and facilitating well-being) and globalization perceived as a threat can lead to extremism through defensive reactions to globalization. Specifically, we found ethnic protection to be a central mechanism connecting sociocultural disruption and threats with extremism. Globalized radicalization ascends as a contemporary phenomenon reflecting the dark side of global interconnectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1635-1660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9365736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Magnitude of Hypocrisy in Moral Contradictions: The Role of Surprise at Violating Strong Attitudes. 理解道德矛盾中的虚伪程度：对违背强烈态度感到惊讶的作用》。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231177773
Jacob D Teeny, Jaroth V Lanzalotta, Richard E Petty
{"title":"Understanding the Magnitude of Hypocrisy in Moral Contradictions: The Role of Surprise at Violating Strong Attitudes.","authors":"Jacob D Teeny, Jaroth V Lanzalotta, Richard E Petty","doi":"10.1177/01461672231177773","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231177773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although two people could both enact similar forms of hypocrisy, one person might be judged as <i>more</i> hypocritical than the other. The present research advances a novel, theoretical explanation for a paradigmatic instance of this: the increased hypocrisy ascribed to contradicting a morally (vs. nonmorally) based attitude. In contrast to prior explanations, the present research shows that people infer targets holding morally (vs. nonmorally) based attitudes are more difficult to change. Consequently, when people are hypocritical on these stances, it elicits greater surprise, which amplifies the perceived hypocrisy. Through both statistical mediation and experimental moderation, we provide evidence for this process and show how our explanation generalizes to understanding heightened hypocrisy in other contexts, too (i.e., violating nonmoral attitudes held with certainty vs. uncertainty). Altogether, we provide an integrative, theoretical lens for predicting when moral and nonmoral acts of hypocrisy will be perceived as particularly hypocritical.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1661-1674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9636661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Elicitation Procedure Shapes Beliefs About Others' Affective Responses to Action and Inaction. 诱导程序如何影响对他人行动和不行动的情感反应的信念。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231175958
Ioannis Evangelidis, Manissa P Gunadi
{"title":"How Elicitation Procedure Shapes Beliefs About Others' Affective Responses to Action and Inaction.","authors":"Ioannis Evangelidis, Manissa P Gunadi","doi":"10.1177/01461672231175958","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231175958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans have long pondered the distinction between action and inaction. Classic work in social sciences provides evidence that most people believe that others experience higher levels of affect when they obtain the same outcome through action as opposed to inaction. In this paper, we theorize that people's attributions of affect to identical outcomes resulting from action versus inaction are largely constructive in nature, such that they heavily depend on the elicitation procedure. Seven preregistered studies demonstrate that most individuals cease to attribute greater affect to identical outcomes resulting from action as opposed to inaction when it is made possible-or salient-that they can state that action and inaction are associated with equal levels of affect. Consequently, the present studies suggest that researchers can reach different conclusions about participants' general proclivity to attribute greater affect to identical outcomes resulting from action (vs. inaction) depending on how participants' beliefs are measured.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1711-1724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9773775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Good Citizens Look to the Future? The Link Between National Identification and Future Time Perspective and Their Role in Explaining Citizens' Reactions to Conflicts Between Short-Term and Long-Term National Interests. 好公民会展望未来吗？国家认同与未来时间视角之间的联系及其在解释公民对短期和长期国家利益冲突的反应中的作用。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231176337
Katarzyna Jamróz-Dolińska, Maciej Sekerdej, Mirjana Rupar, Maryna Kołeczek
{"title":"Do Good Citizens Look to the Future? The Link Between National Identification and Future Time Perspective and Their Role in Explaining Citizens' Reactions to Conflicts Between Short-Term and Long-Term National Interests.","authors":"Katarzyna Jamróz-Dolińska, Maciej Sekerdej, Mirjana Rupar, Maryna Kołeczek","doi":"10.1177/01461672231176337","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231176337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When people consider what is good for their country, they might face a conflict between the country's short-term and long-term interests. We suggest that resolving this conflict depends on people's form of national identification and future time perspective. Across four studies (<i>N</i> = 4,274), we showed that constructive patriotism, but not conventional patriotism or glorification, was positively associated with future time perspective. Moreover, we showed that this further translated into people's responses to intertemporal conflicts. Specifically, constructive patriotism was indirectly linked to higher support for national policies with long-term advantages (despite short-term disadvantages) and lower support for national policies with long-term disadvantages (despite short-term advantages), and these links were mediated by future time perspective. Overall, our results demonstrate that distinct forms of national identification are differently linked to future time perspective. Likewise, this helps explain differences in how much people care about their country's present and future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1690-1710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9655677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversity Deflation: The Effect of Hierarchical Representation on Perceived Diversity, Conflict, and Attraction to Work Teams. 通货紧缩：等级代表制对感知到的多样性、冲突和工作团队吸引力的影响》（The Effect of Hierarchical Representation on Perceived Diversity, Conflict, and Attraction to Work Teams）。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241287581
N Derek Brown, Sonya Mishra, Shoshana N Jarvis, Cameron Anderson
{"title":"Diversity Deflation: The Effect of Hierarchical Representation on Perceived Diversity, Conflict, and Attraction to Work Teams.","authors":"N Derek Brown, Sonya Mishra, Shoshana N Jarvis, Cameron Anderson","doi":"10.1177/01461672241287581","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241287581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior research finds that hierarchical representation-the vertical distribution of minorities across a hierarchy-can influence team attractiveness. Extending these findings, we offer a novel account for why these perceptions arise: teams with minorities clustered in low-ranking positions are perceived as less diverse and more conflict-prone than equally diverse teams with hierarchical representation. Across five studies (N = 2946), participants perceived teams with low hierarchical representation as less attractive than teams with hierarchical representation, regardless of participant race. Teams with low hierarchical representation were considered just as unattractive as teams with lower numerical diversity (Study 2). Individuals also underestimated the percentage of Black employees present in teams with low hierarchical representation, signaling a \"diversity deflation\" effect (Study 3). Conversely, teams with hierarchical representation were considered as attractive as diverse teams with flatter hierarchies (Study 4). The effect of hierarchical representation on attractiveness weakens for teams portrayed as conflict-laden (Study 5).</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672241287581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
People Overestimate How Much Gossiping Encourages Listeners' Self-Disclosure. 人们高估了闲聊对听众自我披露的鼓励程度。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241293832
Yuqi Chen, Ruobing Fu, Jingyi Lu
{"title":"People Overestimate How Much Gossiping Encourages Listeners' Self-Disclosure.","authors":"Yuqi Chen, Ruobing Fu, Jingyi Lu","doi":"10.1177/01461672241293832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241293832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gossip is ubiquitous. People gossip for several reasons. Beyond well-studied explanations, we propose an underexplored reason: tellers overestimate the extent to which gossiping encourages listeners' self-disclosure. This overestimation is observed for gossip but not for nongossip, and for self-disclosure but not for disclosing information unrelated to oneself. We also document that tellers' overestimation arises because tellers (vs. listeners) focus more on the trust that they convey to listeners by gossiping, whereas listeners (vs. tellers) focus more on their concerns about being the target of gossip in the future. This study identifies a novel misprediction and contributes to the literature on gossip by revealing a new motivation underlying gossiping. Practically, it provides an effective debiasing approach to mitigate tellers' overestimation and consequently manage gossip.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672241293832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Pursuit of Approval: Social Media Users' Decreased Posting Latency Following Online Exclusion as a Form of Acknowledgment-Seeking Behavior. 追求认可：社交媒体用户在被网络排斥后减少发帖延迟是一种寻求认可的行为。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241297824
Christoph Kenntemich, Christiane M Büttner, Selma C Rudert
{"title":"The Pursuit of Approval: Social Media Users' Decreased Posting Latency Following Online Exclusion as a Form of Acknowledgment-Seeking Behavior.","authors":"Christoph Kenntemich, Christiane M Büttner, Selma C Rudert","doi":"10.1177/01461672241297824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241297824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do individuals behave after the sting of social exclusion on social media? Previous theorizing predicts that, after experiencing exclusion, individuals either engage in activities that reconnect them with others, or, they withdraw from the context. We analyzed data from Twitter (<i>k</i> = 47,399 posts; <i>N</i> = 2,000 users) and Reddit (<i>k</i> = 58,442 posts; <i>N</i> = 2,000 users), using relative (un)popularity of users' own posts (i.e., receiving fewer Likes/upvotes than usual) as an indicator of social exclusion. Both studies found no general increase or decrease in posting latency following exclusion. However, the latency of behaviors aimed at connecting with <i>many others</i> decreased (i.e., posting again quickly), and the latency of behaviors aimed at connecting with <i>specific others</i> increased (i.e., commenting or mentioning others less quickly). Our findings speak in favor of acknowledgment-seeking behavior as a reaction to social exclusion that may be specific to social media contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672241297824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Politically Contaminated Clothes, Chocolates, and Charities: Distancing From Neutral Products Liked by Out-Group or In-Group Partisans. 受政治污染的衣服、巧克力和慈善机构：与集团外或集团内党徒喜欢的中立产品保持距离。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241298390
Arvid Erlandsson, Artur Nilsson, Jennifer Rosander, Rebecka Persson, Leaf Van Boven
{"title":"Politically Contaminated Clothes, Chocolates, and Charities: Distancing From Neutral Products Liked by Out-Group or In-Group Partisans.","authors":"Arvid Erlandsson, Artur Nilsson, Jennifer Rosander, Rebecka Persson, Leaf Van Boven","doi":"10.1177/01461672241298390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241298390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research demonstrates that people distance themselves not just from out-group partisans or policies but also from completely neutral and apolitical consumer products that have been \"contaminated\" simply by being preferred by the political out-group. Using large representative samples of Swedish adults, we investigated how aesthetic judgments of clothes (Study 1), evaluations of chocolate bars (Study 2), and allocations to charitable organizations (Study 3) were influenced by a randomly assigned association between these products and the leader or supporters of the participant's least- or most-liked political party. Products liked by the least-liked party became less attractive in all studies; the results were mixed for products liked by the most-liked party. Study 4 found that the presence of in-group-observers increased distancing from products liked by the least-liked party, indicating that self-presentational concerns bolster political distancing. These results suggest that affective political polarization influences our lives more subtly and profoundly than previously known.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672241298390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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