ACS Nano最新文献

{"title":"Photonic Crystal Array Enhanced Cellular Force Microscopy for High-Throughput Detection of Regulated Cell Death and Cytopathic Effects","authors":"Yifu Fu, Xiling Guo, Qiwei Li, Jiankang Zhou, Menglin Qiu, Ying Zhang, Zhongze Gu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c14273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c14273","url":null,"abstract":"Regulated cell death (RCD) is pivotal in developmental biology, disease pathology, target identification, and drug discovery. Existing RCD detection methods, reliant on biomarkers and fluorescent staining, are often cumbersome and limited to end point assessments. To enable real-time monitoring of RCD progression, we introduce an array-based photonic crystal cellular force microscopy (PCCFM) platform. This innovative system utilizes a series of photonic crystal patterns, varying in area and shape, to translate micro- to nanoscale cellular deformations during RCD into discernible color shifts in the photonic crystals. The implementation of this array architecture enhances the photonic crystal substrate’s utilization efficiency, facilitating the seamless transition between multiple fields of view during detection. This advancement overcomes the constraints of single-field observation. Here, we report the continuous changes in single-cell mechanics during RCD and the changes in the cell layer mechanics during cytopathic effects (CPE), revealing that these changes are associated with cytoskeletal movement. Moreover, our PCCFM approach provides real-time, <i>in situ</i> detection of RCD, overcoming limitations of conventional LIVE/DEAD staining and biomarker assessments by detecting changes at an earlier stage. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that PCCFM can detect CPE approximately 24 h earlier than bright-field microscopy-based observations. As a nonspecific, <i>in situ</i>, and real-time cellular force detection tool, PCCFM enables early detection of RCD and can be applied to high-throughput drug screening and early identification of CPE.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Bisphosphonate Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles as an Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probe for Spatial Detection of Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Qiaoyun Wang, Zan Dai, Jayendran Iyer, Francis McCallum, Cheng Zhang, Hui Peng, Debra J. Searles, Changkui Fu, Andrew K. Whittaker","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c06095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c06095","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate spatial detection of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) can potentially allow for the diagnosis and prevention of early stage gastric cancer. However, the hostile gastric environment and protective mucus layer surrounding <i>H. pylori</i> significantly hinder precise imaging. Here, an iron bisphosphonate metal organic framework nanoparticle (Fe-BP NPs) was synthesized for magnetic resonance imaging-based spatial detection of <i>H. pylori</i>. The Fe-BP NPs feature excellent stability under acidic conditions, a size of 120 nm, and a negatively charged surface, enabling rapid penetration through the mucus layer. It was discovered that in the NH₃-rich microenvironment generated by <i>H. pylori</i>, the Fe-BP NPs were sensitively and specifically transformed to ∼4 nm Fe(OH)₃ nanoparticles accompanied by an in situ switch of MR imaging mode from <i>T</i>₂-weighted to <i>T</i>₁-weighted. This transformation allows precise and vivid visualization of the <i>H. pylori</i> infection site. A further mechanistic study revealed that the NH₃-induced conversion of Fe-coordinated water molecules (Fe-H₂O) into Fe-OH^– species drives this transformation. When Fe-H₂O are exposed to NH₃, they readily form Fe-OH^– species, thus accounting for the decomposition of the Fe-BP to Fe(OH)₃. This work highlights the potential of MOFs to facilitate the highly sensitive and specific spatial detection of <i>H. pylori</i>, providing a robust tool for advancing disease diagnosis and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoflower-Mediated Gallium-Protoporphyrin IX Complex for Intracellular Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Effects in Macrophage-Targeted Therapy","authors":"Yin Zhou, Yutong Chen, Wentao Zhao, Jiafeng Wang, Yi Chen, Haobo Wen, Yiyan He, Ning Li, Hongli Mao, Yuwen Cui, Zhongwei Gu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c02488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c02488","url":null,"abstract":"Intracellular bacterial infections are challenging due to immune evasion and antibiotic resistance, especially within macrophages harboring dormant bacteria. Here, a synergistic antibacterial strategy is presented using the PG3M@GaPP nanoflowers, which integrate immune modulation, iron metabolism disruption, and antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) to eliminate intracellular bacteria. This nanoflower encapsulates a gallium–protoporphyrin IX complex (GaPP) within mannose-functionalized poly-<span>l</span>-lysine dendrimers (PG3M), enabling targeted delivery to macrophages via mannose receptor recognition. PG3M@GaPP promotes macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, enhancing immune modulation and bacterial uptake. The platform’s positive charge facilitates endosomal escape, releasing GaPP in the acidic intracellular environment, where free iron ions compete with gallium ions to form the iron–protoporphyrin IX complex (FePP). This disrupts the gallium/iron ion balance, enhancing the Trojan horse effect of gallium ions and inducing iron metabolism-dependent bacterial death. Additionally, laser activation of GaPP generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), further amplifying bacterial killing via APDT. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments show that PG3M@GaPP outperforms both free GaPP and commercial antibiotics in eliminating intracellular bacteria. These nanoflowers offers an alternative, nonantibiotic approach to combat intracellular infections, addressing drug resistance and providing a promising platform for antibacterial therapies.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronegative Co-WO2 Interface with Li+ Pump Effects for Efficient Polysulfide Conversion in High-Performance Li-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Ran Zhu, Zihe Wu, Chao He, Shiqi Li, Xu Liu, Min Wu, Mao Wang, Rui Yan, Shuang Li","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c07464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c07464","url":null,"abstract":"Catalyzing the polysulfide conversion process has become an effective paradigm for alleviating the shuttle effect and realizing reliable Li–S batteries. Although great improvements in designing highly active polysulfide catalysts have been achieved, the transfer of Li⁺ at the catalytic interface, which has a great influence on the reversible redox of sulfur, has not been addressed. Herein, we proposed the multimodal strategy of catalysts confers atomic Co active sites on WO₂, where the electronegative interfacial O atoms can act as Li⁺ pump and assist the rapid migration of Li⁺ in the electrolyte to polysulfide anchored at the Co sites during the discharge process and reduce oxidation energy barrier of Li₂S during the charge process, thus facilizing the lithiation/delithiation of polysulfides. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that more Li⁺ ions can be gathered around Co sites, and the length of Li–S bonds in Li₂S can be reduced in the Co-WO₂ catalysts, implying the efficient dual-direction conversion of polysulfides. Therefore, the cell assembled with Co-WO₂ exhibits long-term cycle stability (0.038% per cycle) at 1.0 C.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Liposomes with Cell Membrane Proteins to Disrupt Melanosome Transfer between Cells","authors":"Chunhuan Liu, Yuchun Liu, Changhu Xue, Cheng Yang, David A. Weitz, Kevin Jahnke","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c02767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c02767","url":null,"abstract":"Cells communicate by transporting vesicles and organelles, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, dysregulated vesicle transfer between cells can contribute to several diseases. In the skin, excessive melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes leads to hyperpigmentation and can contribute to the progression of melanoma. Current treatments often rely on eliminating the contents of melanosomes with drugs, which risks significant side effects. Here, we present a drug-free strategy to regulate intercellular transport. We demonstrate our approach by reducing the amount of melanosomes transferred from melanocytes to keratinocytes. To achieve this, we incorporate keratinocyte cell membrane proteins into liposomes formed with microfluidics. Such functionalization enables the liposomes to selectively anchor to the surface of pigment globules, which transport melanosomes between cells. We show that the liposomes passivate the pigment globule surface and inhibit their uptake by keratinocytes, which results in a significant reduction in the level of melanosome transfer. Thus, our findings provide an effective strategy for reducing melanosome transfer and present a generalizable method for modulating cellular communication through extracellular vesicles and organelles.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic-Scale Imaging of Transformation of Nickel Nanocrystals to Nickel Carbides in Real Time","authors":"Pu Yan, Dong Zhang, Wendi Zhang, Kaijun Sun, Meng Jin, Thomas W. Chamberlain, Andrei N. Khlobystov, Ute Kaiser, Yuan Hu, Kecheng Cao","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c06292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c06292","url":null,"abstract":"Transition of metal-to-metal carbide plays a key role in heterogeneous catalysis. We confined nickel nanocrystals in single-walled carbon nanotubes, stimulated delivery of carbon atoms by the 80 keV electron beam, and imaged the entire carbonization process by time-resolved aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy at the atomic scale. Metal nanocrystal Ni₄₀ progressively capturing carbon atoms evolved from pure metal to Ni₄₀C₂₀ and then to Ni₄₀C₄₀. The carbonization is accompanied by changes in the structure of the crystal, including a two-dimensionalization process, at the Ni₄₀C₄₀ stage. This work provides valuable insights into the atomic mechanism of metal carbide formation, which may help to develop stable catalysts and provide a reliable route for synthesizing metal-based two-dimensional materials.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoigniter-Integrated Microneedle Patches for Boosted Photothermal-Mediated Multimodal Therapy: In Situ Tumor Microenvironment Igniting Strategy","authors":"Siyuan Peng, Wentao Wu, Xiaoqian Feng, Ziqiao Zhong, Guanlin Wang, Lu Gan, Fan Jia, Qingying Mu, Yuan Yao, Jintao Fu, Ziyao Chang, Chuanbin Wu, Zhengwei Huang, Wenhao Wang, Xin Pan","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c01744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c01744","url":null,"abstract":"Although photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising strategy for tumor treatment, the antitumor efficiency is still unsatisfactory due to incomplete tumor ablation. Therefore, we propose a tailored <i>in situ</i> tumor microenvironment (TME) igniting strategy that leverages tumor extracellular metabolic heterogeneity (EMH) to transform metabolites into antitumor components. In this study, polydopamine (PDA) with photothermal performance was formulated into nanoparticles with polyethylenimine. Subsequently, lipoxygenase (LOX) and catalase (CAT) were adsorbed onto the nanoparticle surface, forming the PDA@CL nanoigniter, which was further integrated into microneedle patches. Upon penetration into tumors, the nanoigniters are rapidly released and accumulate in the deep tumor sites, and considerable free fatty acids (FFAs) are generated by PTT. Under abundant H₂O₂, CAT decomposes H₂O₂ to supply O₂, which efficiently helps LOX in catalyzing FFAs to promote lipid peroxide generation and induce tumor ferroptosis. Subsequently, the release of tumor-associated antigens promotes tumor-associated macrophages toward the M1 phenotype and stimulates dendritic cell maturation, thereby activating antitumor immune responses. Consequently, the proposed system established a PTT/ferroptosis/immunotherapy multimodal therapy to form a positive feedback loop of tumor-killing, demonstrating significant antitumor efficacy. Our research provides a versatile framework for leveraging EMH to enhance photothermal-mediated multimodal therapy.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Zn Chalcogenide Shells for Emissive Ga-Rich In1–XGaXAs Quantum Dots Synthesized in Molten Salts","authors":"Jun Hyuk Chang, Justin C. Ondry, Danial Zangeneh, Zirui Zhou, Aritrajit Gupta, Yuan Liu, Robert F. Klie, Richard D. Schaller, Dmitri V. Talapin","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c04078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c04078","url":null,"abstract":"Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have seen expanded applications in optoelectronics from visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. However, the options for QDs with bright and size-tunable emission in the NIR region are mostly limited to heavy-metal-based (Pb, Cd, Hg) semiconductors. Here, Ga-rich In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As QDs with zinc chalcogenide shells are demonstrated as candidates for NIR emitters. Based on new developments in inorganic molten salt chemistry, we synthesized colloidal In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As QDs containing up to 85% gallium with high crystallinity based on Raman and XRD analyses. Zinc selenide and sulfide shells with different morphologies were grown on In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As QDs by controlling the Zn precursor chemistry. Despite the nominally reduced lattice mismatch in the In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As/ZnSe heterostructure, a ZnS shell was found to be a much more effective passivation material: In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As/ZnS core–shell QDs show a photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of about 30% versus 11% for ZnSe shells. Based on the analysis of PL decay and transient absorption (TA) dynamics, we surmise that electron trapping is the major reason for efficiency loss, providing a clear heterostructure design principle for realizing efficient NIR-emitting In_1–<i>X</i>Ga_<i>X</i>As QDs.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical Stacking of Atomic-Layer-Deposited Oxide Layers via a Fluorinated Graphene Transfer Technique","authors":"Hyunjun Kim, Huije Ryu, Hyun Woo Jeong, Jiwoo Kim, Donghoon Moon, Sahngik Aaron Mun, Cheol Seong Hwang, Min Hyuk Park, Jangyup Son, Gwan-Hyoung Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c04669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c04669","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) integration of semiconductor devices offers a distinct advantage over two-dimensional size scaling by achieving higher connection densities between the device layers. Still, it presents several technological challenges, including the fabrication of upper layers, where lattice mismatch complicates the deposition of high-quality oxide layers directly onto prefabricated devices. Additionally, high-temperature postprocesses can lead to intermixing and degradation of underlying layers. Here, we demonstrate a fluorinated graphene (FG) transfer technique that enables the integration of atomic-layer-deposited oxide semiconductors and dielectrics, overcoming lattice mismatch and minimizing intermixing. The dipole interaction between fluorine and carbon in FG enables the deposition of ultraflat and high-quality oxide thin films via atomic layer deposition (ALD). Upon heating to 400 °C, the dissociation of fluorine atoms from graphene (Gr) facilitates detachment and transfer of the oxide films. Using the FG transfer method, we fabricated multiple stacks of oxide thin films with clean van der Waals interfaces, effectively preventing intermixing during the postannealing process. Furthermore, we fabricated top-gate field-effect transistors (FETs) with MoS₂ and ZnO channels by stacking Al₂O₃ as gate dielectric film, achieving high device performance thanks to a high-quality interface. We also demonstrate the transfer of patterned ALD-grown oxide thin films on a large scale using selective deposition and detachment of oxide thin films on the patterned FG. Our findings suggest that the FG transfer technique is a promising approach for advancing M3D integration and addressing challenges related to thermal budget constraints in semiconductor fabrication.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-LED Microdisplays Driven by Carbon Nanotube Active-Matrix Backplanes","authors":"Yi Li, Yan Guo, Jin Li, Meiqi Xi, Lan Bai, Jianfeng Zhang, Shu Li, Xuehao Zhu, Yinghua He, Bingyu He, Xingxing Chen, Yuting Zhang, Yujia Gong, Zilun Yin, Jiahao Kang, Lian-Mao Peng, Rong Zhang, Yugang Zhou, Yu Cao, Xuelei Liang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c00672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c00672","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-light-emitting-diodes (μLEDs) are poised to revolutionize flat-panel display (FPD) technology with their exceptional brightness, contrast ratio, energy efficiency, and ultrahigh resolutions, making them indispensable for augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) microdisplays. However, the realization of high pixel-per-inch (PPI) μLED microdisplays demands advanced thin-film transistor (TFT) backplanes with robust driving capabilities. Presently, single-crystalline silicon CMOS dominates the industry for this application, but its nontransparent nature, wafer size limitations, and high fabrication cost restrict its scalability. Alternative technologies, including low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) and metal oxide semiconductors, fail to deliver the required small device dimensions, driving performance, and stability. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have shown potential, but their integration has faced challenges, such as complex transfer processes and limited scalability, resulting in only semiactive-matrix display demonstrations. Here, we present a prototype active-matrix (AM) μLED microdisplay driven by optimized carbon nanotube (CNT) TFTs with Al₂O₃/SiO₂ gate dielectric stack and Y₂O₃/SiO₂/polyimide passivation layers. Our CNT TFTs with a channel length (<i>L</i>_ch) of 3 μm achieve a driving current of ∼10 μA/μm and a mobility of ∼27 cm²/(V·s), while scaling <i>L</i>_ch to 0.5 μm enhances the driving current to ∼80 μA/μm and a mobility of ∼40 cm²/(V·s), surpassing most previously reported CNT TFTs for AM displays and enabling AM-μLED microdisplays with a PPI up to 3400. Moreover, a heterogeneous integration process ultilizing flip-chip eutectic bonding was developed to assemble μLED arrays onto CNT TFT backplanes, achieving a yield of ∼100% aided by the PI layer. Furthermore, CNT TFT-based two-transistor, one-capacitor (2T1C) pixel-driving circuits and peripheral control circuits were designed to support both pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and pulse width modulation (PWM) of μLED operation. These advancements culminate in a 32 × 32-pixel AM-μLED prototype microdisplay with a PPI of 357, capable of dynamic image and video display. Our work demonstrates CNT TFTs as a viable and scalable solution for next-generation μLED microdisplays.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}