Journal of Materials Chemistry C最新文献

{"title":"Ultrahigh-power-density BNT ferroelectric multilayer ceramic capacitors for pulse power energy conversion components","authors":"Canyu Che, Yizheng Bao, Zimeng Hu, Qiu Feng, Meng Xie, Bin Zhou, Jia Yang, Hengchang Nie, Zhipeng Gao, Genshui Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4tc03279a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc03279a","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroelectric (FE) materials are promising for applications in advanced high-power density systems/energy storage and conversion devices. However, the power density of ceramic components is limited by the electrode area and breakdown strength of bulk ceramic, while the multilayer structure is effective in enhancing the breakdown strength and realizing miniaturization. In this work, Bi<small>_0.5</small>Na<small>_0.5</small>TiO<small>₃</small>–BiAlO<small>₃</small>–NaNbO<small>₃</small> multilayer ceramic capacitors (BNT–BA–NN MLCCs) were prepared as pulse power energy conversion components. The electrical properties of MLCCs with different layer thicknesses under temperature and pressure fields were investigated. The relaxor phase was observed in thin layer MLCCs, which was beneficial for pressure depolarization but led to a reduction in remnant polarization (<em>P</em><small>_r</small>) and temperature stability. Therefore, MLCCs with an appropriate layer thickness are needed to satisfy energy conversion application. Results reveal that <em>P</em><small>_r</small> is up to 39 μC cm<small>⁻²</small> and <em>E</em><small>_b</small> increased to more than 26 kV mm<small>⁻¹</small> in BNT–BA–NN MLCCs. On this basis, an ultrahigh output power density up to 2.2 × 10<small>⁹</small> W kg<small>⁻¹</small> (GW kg<small>⁻¹</small>) with an output voltage up to 9.8 kV mm<small>⁻¹</small> is achieved in shock wave measurements, which is superior to that of the reported materials applied in high power pulse sources. The design of MLCCs provides an effective method to satisfy miniaturization and integration requirements for high-power applications.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of pyrene orientation on the electronic properties and stability of graphene ribbons†","authors":"Tanner Smith, Karl Thorley, Kevin Dimmitt, Sean Parkin, Oksana Ostroverkhova and John Anthony","doi":"10.1039/D4TC03072A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TC03072A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report the synthesis and study of trialkylsilylethyne-substituted “oblique” pyrene-fused acenes, carbon nanoribbons demonstrating near-IR absorption with reversible oxidation and reduction, and acene-like evolution of electronic properties upon extension of the aromatic core. Their electronic structures are investigated through DFT studies, which support the more delocalized nature of their frontier molecular orbitals compared to more common “vertical” pyrene systems. Despite a longer aromatic core, the more extended of the two examples demonstrates enhanced photostability compared to the shorter derivative, running counter to the trend in linear acenes. The unusual stability of the longer core is ultimately linked to its relatively low T<small>₁</small> energy inhibiting the generation of reactive O<small>₂</small> species. The byproduct generated upon photooxidation of the shorter nanoribbon appears to catalyze the generation of <small>¹</small>O<small>₂</small> due to its large T<small>₁</small> energy, leading to its relatively decreased stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tc/d4tc03072a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Heteroepitaxial tuning of resonant forbidden reflections in a spinel","authors":"Ryosuke Oka, Minu Kim, Peter Wochner, Sonia Francoual, Thomas T. M. Palstra, Hidenori Takagi and Dennis Huang","doi":"10.1039/D4TC90152E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TC90152E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Heteroepitaxial tuning of resonant forbidden reflections in a spinel’ by Ryosuke Oka <em>et al.</em>, <em>J. Mater. Chem. C</em>, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02239d.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tc/d4tc90152e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-powered photodetector with low dark current based on the InSe/β-Ga2O3 heterojunctions","authors":"Yu-Qing Wang, Shuo Zhao, Hai-Ying Xiao, Jin-Zhong Wang, Ping-An Hu, Jun Qiao, YongQiang Zhang, Heng Hu","doi":"10.1039/d4tc02790f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02790f","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-blind photodetectors play an important role in many fields of solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetection such as missile tracking and fire warning. A high-performance self-powered solar-blind photodetector was fabricated using InSe/β-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> heterojunction. The 4-inch wafer-scale β-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> film was prepared by a low-cost sol–gel process. The resulting β-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> film was flat and uniform with an RMS (Root Mean Square roughness) of 1.08 nm. A self-driven solar-blind UV photodetector of InSe/β-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> was constructed by stacking an InSe flake with a wide wavelength range of 230 nm to 800 nm. This detector could detect 230 nm deep UV under zero bias with a very small response dark current (3.98 fA) and a responsivity of about 122.69 μA W<small>⁻¹</small>. These impressive results demonstrate the potential of the 4-inch polycrystalline-oriented β-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> for light-conducting photovoltaic devices.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tough and adhesive conductive hydrogels with fast gelation from a polyphenol–aluminium ion dual self-catalysis system for wearable strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators","authors":"Maolin Yu, Yuecong Luo, Qiannian Yang, Tengfei Duan, Zengmin Tang, Lijian Xu, Na Li, Jianxiong Xu","doi":"10.1039/d4tc02897j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02897j","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels have been widely used as flexible electrodes for the construction of strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with high performance owing to their attractive flexibility and conductivity. However, traditional fabrication methods of hydrogels involve time-consuming synthesis and/or use of external stimuli (<em>i.e.</em>, heat and light). Herein, a tough and adhesive conductive double network hydrogel (PVA/PHEAA–TA–Al<small>³⁺</small> gel) was prepared <em>via</em> rapid <em>in situ</em> room temperature gelation processes (25 °C, 215 s) in a tannic acid–aluminium ion (TA–Al<small>³⁺</small>) dual self-catalysis system. This involved the collaborative use of TA–Al<small>³⁺</small> to induce the decomposition of ammonium persulfate (APS), which generated abundant free radicals to trigger the polymerization of the HEAA monomer within a polyvinyl alcohol/<em>N</em>-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide/tannic acid (PVA/HEAA/TA) aqueous solution. The obtained hydrogel showed excellent mechanical properties (tensile stress/strain of 240 kPa/920%), adhesion, and self-healing ability. Benefitting from the ultra-wide sensing range (1–600%), high sensing sensitivity (GF = 2.7) and long-term stability (500 cycles), the PVA/PHEAA–TA–Al<small>³⁺</small> gel was used to construct a strain sensor, which can accurately identify and distinguish the changes in human expression and joint movement. Furthermore, the PVA/PHEAA–TA–Al<small>³⁺</small> gel was used to fabricate TENGs (named PT-TENGs). PT-TENGs with an area of 2 × 2 cm<small>²</small> exhibited attractive electrical output properties (<em>V</em><small>_OC</small> = 109 V, <em>I</em><small>_SC</small> = 1.3 μA, and <em>Q</em><small>_SC</small> = 35 nC at a fixed frequency of 2.0 Hz), which can power 22 LED arrays. This TA–Al<small>³⁺</small> dual self-catalysis system is expected to provide a new way for the fabrication of tough and adhesive conductive hydrogels toward health monitoring sensors and energy supply.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation wearable sensors: toward multi-directional strain sensing in sensory integration platforms","authors":"Taehoon Hwang, Dashdendev Tsogbayar, Vanessa, Hyun Ho Choi, Hwa Sung Lee","doi":"10.1039/d4tc02692f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02692f","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable technologies and flexible electronics have developed rapidly owing to the emergence of cutting-edge cross-disciplines. The flexibility and tunable properties of organic materials enable wearable sensory systems to adapt to complex surface deformations and detect physiological signals sensitively. The demand for high-performance strain sensors, to accurately detect complex movements and environmental changes, in wearable technology has increased notably. However, current sensors primarily detect strain in a single direction, which restricts their effectiveness in detecting multi-directional strains, such as in natural human movements or robotic joints. In this review, we examine the advances and future challenges that may arise in the development of strain sensors that can measure both the magnitude and direction of external tensile strain. Additionally, we examine the sensor materials (platform and sensing materials) required to develop a strain sensor to detect the direction of tension, structural research on strain sensors, and various application fields such as human motion detection and human–machine interaction <em>via</em> system integration. Finally, we discuss the prospects and current challenges involved in the development of direction-selective strain sensors for wearable smart electronic systems or electronic skin. This review should provide a comprehensive reference for future technologies.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ synthesis of lithiophilic Ag sites in 3D MOF-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites towards dendrite-free lithium metal anodes","authors":"Xiaoxuan Li, Longwei Yin","doi":"10.1039/d4tc01835d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc01835d","url":null,"abstract":"The uncontrolled dendritic lithium growth and excessive volume expansion pose significant challenges to the practical applications of metallic lithium, which is considered as the most promising high-energy-density anode material for rechargeable batteries. In this work, derived from metal organic framework (MOF), we design a novel Ag@nitrogen-doped porous carbon framework (Ag@NPCF) composite with silver (Ag) nanoparticles uniformly distributed. The 3D MOF microporous structure effectively stabilizes the volume changes during the repetitive plating/stripping of Li. Lithiophilic nitrogen-doped carbon and Ag nanoparticles, acting as uniform nucleation sites reduce local current density and guide uniform nucleation and deposition of Li ions. Therefore, the Ag@NPCF electrodes displayed excellent cyclic stability for over 600 cycles with 98.8% coulombic efficiency and a stable cyclic lifespan of 1600 h in the symmetrical cells. Additionally, full cells coupled with an LiFePO<small>₄</small> commercialized cathode deliver excellent cyclic and rate performance.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband polarization conversion metasurface for beam deflection with switchable characteristics","authors":"Yuhao Liang, Yuxin Liu, Weikai Huang and Yu-Sheng Lin","doi":"10.1039/D4TC03245D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TC03245D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We present a dynamically switchable polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) integrated with an electromechanical actuator (EMA) that enabled the switching of states for the reflected wavefront of circularly polarized waves in the terahertz (THz) spectrum. The unit cell of the proposed PCM was composed of double L-shaped Au structures covering a dielectric layer suspended atop a bottom reflective mirror layer. The PCM showed a broad polarization conversion band ranging from 0.74 THz to 1.64 THz with a polarization conversion ratio &gt;90% for incident linear polarized (LP) and circular polarized (CP) waves. Within this broadband, the full 2π phase shifts of the reflected orthogonal CP wave could be obtained by rotating the orientation angle of the PCM unit cell spanning a wide frequency range. The anomalous reflection effect of PCM was simulated and discussed to validate the performance of the proposed switchable coding metasurface based on Pancharatnam–Berry phase theory and the generalized Snell's law. In particular, the reflection efficiency could be tuned dynamically by transforming the movable configuration. The proposed PCM had significant potential for applications in imaging and communication systems, which opens new avenues for the development of multifunctional devices that can modulate THz wavefronts.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on systematic optimization of ultrasensitive biosensors through experimental design","authors":"Mariapia Caputo, Angelo Tricase, Verdiana Marchianò, Cecilia Scandurra, Matteo Piscitelli, Lucia Sarcina, Michele Catacchio, Cinzia Di Franco, Paolo Bollella, Luisa Torsi, Eleonora Macchia","doi":"10.1039/d4tc02131b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02131b","url":null,"abstract":"Biosensors have demonstrated versatility across numerous applications; however, their systematic optimization remains a primary obstacle, limiting their widespread adoption as dependable point-of-care tests. Experimental design, a powerful chemometric tool, offers a solution by effectively guiding the development and optimization of ultrasensitive biosensors. This perspective review provides an overview of recent applications of experimental design in the deployment of optical and electrical ultrasensitive biosensors. Various experimental designs, including full factorial, central composite, and mixture designs, are examined as systematic methodologies for optimizing biosensor fabrication, accounting for both individual variable effects and their interactions. Illustrative examples showcasing the optimization of optical and electronic biosensors through design of experiments are presented and critically analyzed. Finally, the future prospects of experimental design in the biosensor community are outlined, highlighting its potential to expedite development and bolster the performance of biosensing devices for point-of-care diagnostics, thereby facilitating their sustainable and reliable integration.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An on-chip vacuum triode based on thermionic electron emission from super-aligned carbon nanotube films","authors":"Yidan He, Jun Yao, Yanqing Zhao, Peng Liu, Zhiwei Li, Xianlong Wei","doi":"10.1039/d4tc02570a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02570a","url":null,"abstract":"An on-chip vacuum triode based on thermionic electron emission from suspended super-aligned carbon nanotube films is realized <em>via</em> microfabrication technology. The device employs a multilayer-stacked structure with an in-built vacuum cavity that separates the thermionic electron source and the collector electrode. The wafer-scale fabricated thermionic electron source exhibits an emission current of up to 200 μA with an emission density of 6.7 A cm<small>⁻²</small>. To switch the emission current from the electron source to the collector electrode, the heavily doped silicon substrate underneath suspended carbon nanotubes works as the gate electrode, achieving an on/off current ratio of 10<small>²</small> and a subthreshold slope of ∼7 V dec<small>⁻¹</small>. Additionally, the vacuum triode exhibits good tolerance to harsh environments of high or low temperature and X-ray radiation. All these properties make the miniaturized vacuum triode a device with potential for application in harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.393,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}