Nanoscale Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Mechanical properties of two-dimensional material-based thin films: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Abdallah Kamal, Baosong Li, Abdullah Solayman, Shaohong Luo, Ian Kinloch, Lianxi Zheng, Kin Liao","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00425f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00425f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two-dimensional (2D) materials are materials with a thickness of one or a few atoms with intriguing electrical, chemical, optical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties. Therefore, they are deemed candidates for ubiquitous engineering applications. Films and three-dimensional (3D) structures made from 2D materials introduce a distinct assembly structure that imparts the inherent properties of pristine 2D materials on a macroscopic scale. Acquiring the adequate strength and toughness of 2D material structures is of great interest due to their high demand for numerous industrial applications. This work presents a comprehensive review of the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of robust films composed of 2D materials that help them to attain other extraordinary properties. Moreover, the various key factors affecting the mechanical performance of such thin films, such as the lateral size of nanoflakes, fabrication technique of the film, thickness of the film, post-processing, and strain rate, are elucidated.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spintronic devices and applications using noncollinear chiral antiferromagnets.","authors":"Ankit Shukla, Siyuan Qian, Shaloo Rakheja","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00045e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00045e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiferromagnetic materials have several unique properties, such as a vanishingly small net magnetization, which generates weak dipolar fields and makes them robust against perturbation from external magnetic fields and rapid magnetization dynamics, as dictated by the geometric mean of their exchange and anisotropy energies. However, experimental and theoretical techniques to detect and manipulate the antiferromagnetic order in a fully electrical manner must be developed to enable advanced spintronic devices with antiferromagnets as their active spin-dependent elements. Among the various antiferromagnetic materials, conducting antiferromagnets offer high electrical and thermal conductivities and strong electron-spin-phonon interactions. Noncollinear metallic antiferromagnets with negative chirality, including Mn₃Sn, Mn₃Ge, and Mn₃GaN, offer rich physics of spin momentum locking, topologically protected surface states, large spin Hall conductivity, and a magnetic spin Hall effect that arises from their topology. In this review article, we introduce the crystal structure and the physical phenomena, including the anomalous Hall and Nernst effects, spin Hall effect, and magneto-optic Kerr effect, observed in negative chirality antiferromagnets. Experimental advances related to spin-orbit torque-induced dynamics and the impact of the torque on the microscopic spin structure of Mn₃Sn are also discussed. Recent experimental demonstrations of a finite room-temperature tunneling magnetoresistance in tunnel junctions with chiral antiferromagnets opens the prospect of developing spintronic devices with fully electrical readout. Applications of chiral antiferromagnets, including non-volatile memory, high-frequency signal generators/detectors, neuro-synaptic emulators, probabilistic bits, thermoelectric devices, and Josephson junctions, are highlighted. We also present analytic models that relate the performance characteristics of the device with its design parameters, thus enabling a rapid technology-device assessment. Effects of Joule heating and thermal noise on the device characteristics are briefly discussed. We close the paper by summarizing the status of research and present our outlook in this rapidly evolving research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic mirror.","authors":"Vasanthan Devaraj, Isaac Azahel Ruiz Alvarado, Jong-Min Lee, Jin-Woo Oh, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt, Thomas Zentgraf","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00546e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00546e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Realizing plasmonic nanogaps with a refractive index (<i>n</i> = 1) environment in metallic nanoparticle (NP) structures is highly attractive for a wide range of applications. So far in self-assembly-based approaches, without surface functionalization of metallic NPs, achieving such extremely small nanogaps is challenging. Surface functionalization introduces changes in the refractive index at nanogaps, which in turn deteriorates the desired plasmonic properties. In addition, fabrication of low-density dimer NP designs with smaller nanogaps poses a big challenge. Here, we introduce a simple and straightforward self-assembly-based strategy for the fabrication of low-density, isolated dimer gold nanoparticles in a nano-particle-on-metallic-mirror (NPoM) platform. A minimum interparticle gap distance between NPs of ∼3 nm is achieved without surface functionalization. This is possible by utilizing the M13 bacteriophage as the spacer layer instead of SiO₂ in NPoM. Density functional theory calculations on Au atom adsorption on SiO₂ and M13 bacteriophage surface constituents trace the NP assembly on the latter to a comparatively weak interaction with the substrate. Our study offers an attractive route for fabricating low density plasmonic dimer structures featuring small nanogaps and will enrich structure specific/isolated studies benefitting a variety of optical, actuator, and sensing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of large ribosomal subunit size in cytoplasm and nucleus of living human cells.","authors":"Aneta Magiera, Karolina Kucharska, Tomasz Kalwarczyk, Patrycja Haniewicz, Karina Kwapiszewska, Robert Hołyst","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00214h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00214h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ribosomes are the most essential macromolecules in cells, as they serve as production lines for every single protein. Here, we address the demand to study ribosomes in living human cells by applying time-resolved microscopy. We show that oxazole yellow iodide (YO-PRO-1 dye) intercalates tRNA and rRNA with a determined equilibrium constant of 3.01 ± 1.43 × 10⁵ M^-1. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is used to measure both the rotational (∼14 ms^-1) and translational (∼4 μm² s^-1) diffusion coefficients of the 60S ribosomes directly within living human cells. Furthermore, we apply the empirical length-scale dependent viscosity model to calculate the hydrodynamic radius of 60S ribosomes, equal to ∼15 nm, for the first time determined inside living cells. The FCS in YO-PRO-1 stained cells is used to assess ribosome abundance changes, exemplified in rapamycin-treated HeLa cells, highlighting its potential for dynamic ribosome characterization within the cellular environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving neuronal dynamics with spike encoding and spatial-temporal summation in vanadium-based threshold switching memristor for asynchronous signal integration.","authors":"Pei-Lin Lin, Zih-Siao Liao, Shuai-Ming Chen, Jen-Sue Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00484a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00484a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial neuronal devices that emulate the dynamics of biological neurons are pivotal for advancing brain emulation and developing bio-inspired electronic systems. This paper presents the design and demonstration of an artificial neuron circuit based on a Pt/V/AlO_<i>x</i>/Pt threshold switching memristor (TSM) integrated with an external resistor. By applying voltage pulses, we successfully exhibit the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) behavior, as well as both spatial and spatiotemporal summation capabilities, achieving the asynchronous signal integration. Notably, the Pt/V/AlO_<i>x</i>/Pt TSM demonstrates ultrafast switching speeds (on/off times ∼165 ns/310 ns) and remarkable stability (endurance >10² cycles with cycle-to-cycle variations <2.5%). These attributes render the circuit highly suitable as a spike generator in neuromorphic computing applications. The Pt/V/AlO_<i>x</i>/Pt TSM-based spike encoder can output current spikes at frequencies ranging from approximately 200 kHz to 800 kHz. The modulation of output spike frequency is achievable by adjusting the external resistor and capacitor within the spike encoder circuit, providing considerable operational flexibility. Additionally, the Pt/V/AlO_<i>x</i>/Pt TSM boasts a lower threshold voltage (<i>V</i>_th ∼ 0.84 V) compared to previously reported VO_<i>x</i>-based TSMs, leading to significantly reduced energy consumption for spike generation (∼2.75 nJ per spike).</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Record-high hyperpolarizabilities in atomically precise single metal-doped silver nanoclusters.","authors":"Hao Yuan, Isabelle Russier-Antoine, Christophe Moulin, Pierre-François Brevet, Željka Sanader Maršić, Martina Perić Bakulić, Xi Kang, Rodolphe Antoine, Manzhou Zhu","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00454j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00454j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent developments in optical imaging techniques, particularly multi-photon excitation microscopy that allows studies of biological interactions at a deep cellular level, have motivated intensive research in developing multi-photon absorption fluorophores. Biological tissues are optically transparent in the near-infrared region. Therefore, fluorophores that can absorb light in the near-infrared (NIR) region by multi-photon absorption are particularly useful in bio-imaging. For instance, photoluminescence from ligand-protected gold nanoclusters has drawn extensive research interest in the past decade due to their bright, non-blinking, stable emission and tunability from the blue to the NIR emission. In this work, using the control of single metal doping on silver nanoclusters (Ag₂₅ protected by thiolate SR = 2,4-dimethylbenzenethiol (DMBT) ligand), we aim to explore the effects of metal doping on the (photo)stability and nonlinear optical response of liganded nanoclusters. We study two-photon excited photoluminescence and the second harmonic response upon excitation in the NIR (780-950 nm) range. Particular emphasis is placed on the effect of metal doping on the second-order nonlinear optical scattering properties (first hyperpolarizability, <i>β</i>(2<i>ω</i>)) of Ag₂₅ nanoclusters. In addition, <i>β</i>(2<i>ω</i>) values are one order higher than the one reported for Au₂₅ nanoclusters and represent the largest values ever reported for ligand-protected nanoclusters. Such enhanced hyperpolarizability leads to a strong second harmonic response and renders them attractive targets in bioimaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing healthcare: inorganic medicinal nanoarchitectonics for advanced theranostics.","authors":"Seungjin Yu, N Sanoj Rejinold, Goeun Choi, Jin-Ho Choy","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00497c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00497c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last two decades, advancements in nanomaterials and nanoscience have paved the path for the emergence of nano-medical convergence science, significantly impacting healthcare. In our review, we highlight how these advancements are applied in various biomedical technologies such as drug delivery systems, bio-imaging for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Recently, novel inorganic nanohybrid drugs have been developed, combining multifunctional inorganic nanomaterials with therapeutic agents (known as inorganic medicinal nanoarchitectonics). These innovative drugs are actively utilized in cutting-edge medical treatments, including targeted anti-cancer therapy, photo and radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. This review provides a detailed overview of the current development status of inorganic medicinal nanoarchitectonics and explores potential future directions in their advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflecting on Nanoscale Horizons in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D4NH90083A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH90083A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The <em>Nanoscale Horizons</em> Editorial Board and Editorial Office reflect on the exciting events, activities and updates from the journal in 2024 and look forward to celebrating 10 years since the journal was inaugurated in 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 1","pages":" 11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular-scale in-operando reconfigurable electronic hardware.","authors":"Yulong Wang, Qian Zhang, Cameron Nickle, Ziyu Zhang, Andrea Leoncini, Dong-Chen Qi, Alessandro Borrini, Yingmei Han, Enrique Del Barco, Damien Thompson, Christian A Nijhuis","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00211c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4nh00211c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is challenging to reconfigure devices at molecular length scales. Here we report molecular junctions based on molecular switches that toggle stably and reliably between multiple operations to reconfigure electronic devices at molecular length scales. Rather than static on/off switches that always revert to the same state, our voltage-driven molecular device dynamically switches between high and low conduction states during six consecutive proton-coupled electron transfer steps. By changing the applied voltage, different states are accessed resulting in <i>in operando</i> reconfigurable electronic functionalities of variable resistor, diode, memory, and NDR (negative differential conductance). The switching behavior is voltage driven but also has time-dependent features making it possible to access different memory states. This multi-functional switch represents molecular scale hardware operable in solid-state devices (in the form of electrode-monolayer-electrode junctions) that are interesting for areas of research where it is important to have access to time-dependent changes such as brain-inspired (or neuromorphic) electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11623307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Nanoscale Horizons</i> Emerging Investigator Series: Dr Mita Dasog, Dalhousie University, Canada.","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/d4nh90079k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh90079k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our Emerging Investigator Series features exceptional work by early-career nanoscience and nanotechnology researchers. Read Mita Dasog's Emerging Investigator Series article 'Unlocking the secrets of porous silicon formation: insights into magnesiothermic reduction mechanism using <i>in situ</i> powder X-ray diffraction studies' (https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NH00244J) and read more about her in the interview below.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}