OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00277
Mirai Nakata, and , Tsunehisa Hirashita*,
{"title":"Synthesis of Type B Tetrazolylidene–Palladium Complexes and Comparative Analysis with a Type A Analog","authors":"Mirai Nakata, and , Tsunehisa Hirashita*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00277","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Type B mesoionic carbenes (<sup>B</sup>MICs) have rarely been studied experimentally, despite their strong donor potential. The tetrazolylidene scaffold allows for the investigation of substituent effects on nitrogen atoms without altering the heterocyclic structure. However, previous reports on tetrazolo-<sup>B</sup>MIC have been limited to labile lithium complexes, detectable only by <sup>13</sup>C NMR at –100 °C, which decompose at room temperature. Herein, we present the synthesis of stable 2,3-diaryltetrazolylidene–Pd complexes as <sup>B</sup>MICs complexes, which are compared with known NHC–Pd complexes using <sup>13</sup>C NMR, <sup>31</sup>P NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, catalytic activity analyses, and computational analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2107–2117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00212
Addis Getahun, , , John S. Wenger, , and , Timothy C. Johnstone*,
{"title":"Enhanced Stibine Oxide Lewis Basicity Overcomes Steric Frustration","authors":"Addis Getahun, , , John S. Wenger, , and , Timothy C. Johnstone*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00212","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The characteristic electronic structure of the phosphoryl group in phosphine oxides confers great stability on the P<sup>+</sup>–O<sup>–</sup> bond, in part because of back-bonding from O-based lone pairs into the P–C antibonding orbitals. The partial nature of this donation allows the O atom in the phosphoryl unit to exhibit Lewis basicity. This backbonding weakens as the atomic number of the pnictogen increases, which results in a significant enhancement in basicity for the heavier stiboryl congener. Here, we compare the ability of R<sub>3</sub>PnO (Pn = P, As, Sb) species to bind to main-group Lewis acids. As the steric bulk of the R group increases, R<sub>3</sub>PO and R<sub>3</sub>AsO lose this capacity; Dipp<sub>3</sub>PO and Dipp<sub>3</sub>AsO (where Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) are unable to bind even the very strong Lewis acid B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. In contrast, the enhanced basicity of the stibine oxides allows them to overcome this steric hindrance and form adducts, even in the case of the very hindered Dipp<sub>3</sub>SbO·B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2074–2082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00263
Takuya Kochi*,
{"title":"Pioneers and Influencers in Organometallic Chemistry: Professor Kyoko Nozaki, a Genuine Catalyst for Diverse Elements","authors":"Takuya Kochi*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 17","pages":"1861–1864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00233
Zheng Zhou, , , Aaron J. Babson, , , Zheng Wei, , and , Marina A. Petrukhina*,
{"title":"Construction of Bimetallic and Trimetallic Aggregates with a [Y(COT)2]− Building Block: Solid-State Structures and Solution Behavior","authors":"Zheng Zhou, , , Aaron J. Babson, , , Zheng Wei, , and , Marina A. Petrukhina*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00233","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Several new bimetallic and trimetallic complexes containing the [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> unit in different coordination environments are synthesized and fully characterized using X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. These complexes include [K([2.2.2]cryptand)][Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>] (<b>1</b>), [K(18-crown-6)(THF)][Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>] (<b>2</b>), [Y<sub>2</sub>K<sub>2</sub>(COT)<sub>4</sub>(THF)<sub>4</sub>] (<b>3</b>), and [YKCa(COT)<sub>3</sub>(THF)<sub>3</sub>] (<b>4</b>). In the presence of secondary ligands, bimetallic ionic pairs that comprise a [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> sandwich and a solvent-wrapped K<sup>+</sup> ion are formed in <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>. In contrast, <b>3</b> represents a bimetallic tetradecker oligomer with two [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> units bridged by a K<sup>+</sup> ion and a terminal [K(THF)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>+</sup> moiety. Complex <b>4</b> is a hetero<i>tri</i>metallic triple-decker with an axial arrangement of three metal centers to form [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>K(COT)Ca(THF)<sub>3</sub>]. Structural analysis shows the Y–COT<sub>centroid</sub> distances in the [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> sandwich are equidistant (1.884(6) Å) in <b>1</b> but become asymmetric in <b>2</b>–<b>4</b> (1.857(3)–1.952(3) Å), reflecting additional external coordination. The two COT rings are parallel in <b>1</b> and become increasingly tilted from 0.8 to 27.5° in <b>2</b>–<b>4</b>, respectively. Multinuclear NMR spectroscopy measurements reveal the solution behavior of the sandwich and heterometallic multidecker COT-based products. The observed NMR spectroscopic trends corroborate with weak interactions between the [Y(COT)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> unit and cationic moieties persisting in solutions of <b>2</b>–<b>4.</b></p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2092–2098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anionic Property Is Crucial for the High Activities of Metalloligand Catalysts","authors":"Lanbo Liu, , , Zhihui Li, , , Hao Lin, , , Wan Li, , , Xin Liu*, , , Zheng Wang*, , and , Longfei Li*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metalloligand catalysts represent a significant class of catalysts, but the factors influencing the catalytic activity remain poorly understood, which presents a major challenge for their continued advancement. Herein, a comparative theoretical study is performed to investigate the CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation facilitated by metalloligand catalysts. The anionic Co–Ga and Ni–Ga catalysts are predicted to exhibit very strong bond-activation abilities with low energy barriers, whereas their neutral Co–Ga and Ni–Ga congeners exhibit significantly weaker bond-activation capabilities and higher energy barriers to CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenations. The Lewis acidic character of the metalloligand is identified as a key factor contributing to the high energy barriers observed in neutral metalloligand catalysts. Moreover, the anionic nature of the catalysts can counteract the Lewis acidity of metalloligands, enhancing dπ basicity and promoting the catalytic activity of metalloligand catalysts. Guided by these insights, the anionic Rh–Ga catalyst <b>RhGa1</b> is designed to facilitate CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation with an energy span of 11.5 kcal/mol, representing a potential for high catalytic activity. The computational results suggest that the anionic nature is the determining factor for the low formate–metal binding free energies (Δ<i>G</i><sub>bind</sub>) in anionic metalloligand catalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2055–2064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonspectator Behavior of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Directly Observed in High-Valent Copper Systems","authors":"Zehao Lu, , , Rui Feng, , , Guo Wang, , , Qian Zhou, , , Kai Li, , and , Shuai Guo*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00309","url":null,"abstract":"<p >N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become highly popular ligands in modern copper chemistry, leading to the widespread application of Cu–NHCs in photoluminescent materials, catalysis, and biomedicine. In sharp contrast to copper(I) and copper(II) NHC complexes, examples of copper(III) NHCs are exceedingly rare. Synthetic methods for these complexes remain largely unexplored, and their reactivity is poorly understood. Additionally, although NHCs are typically considered spectator ligands, a longstanding debate persists regarding their potential nonspectator behavior at Cu(III), which is crucial for elucidating the true role of NHCs and for the rational design of Cu(III)/NHC systems. In this work, we present a rarely reported Cu(III) NHC system costabilized by CF<sub>3</sub> donors. By exploring synthetic strategies, photo- and thermo-induced reactivity studies, as well as experimental and computational investigations, this study enables, for the first time, the direct observation of NHC-involved reactivity at Cu(III), along with relevant mechanistic insights.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2118–2126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00269
Zoe E. Wachtel, , , Joshua Thedford, , , Sabrina N. Carneiro, , and , Melanie S. Sanford*,
{"title":"Flash Communication: Cyclopropenium Radical Dication as an Outer-Sphere Oxidant for Group 10 Metal Complexes","authors":"Zoe E. Wachtel, , , Joshua Thedford, , , Sabrina N. Carneiro, , and , Melanie S. Sanford*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00269","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This Communication describes the application of a trisaminocyclopropenium radical dication as a high redox potential (0.92 V vs Ag/Ag<sup>+</sup>) oxidant for promoting oxidatively induced C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–CF<sub>3</sub>, C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–NHR, and C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–SCF<sub>3</sub> bond-forming reductive elimination from Group 10 metal complexes. This reagent is compared to other common outer-sphere oxidants: ferrocenium, nitrosonium, and triarylaminium derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2003–2006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00238
Hanyun Lou, and , Suzanne A. Blum*,
{"title":"Tetramethylethylenediamine Stabilizes Organozinc Surface Intermediates against Chemical Etching but Not against Protodemetalation","authors":"Hanyun Lou, and , Suzanne A. Blum*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00238","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00238","url":null,"abstract":"<p ><i>N,N,N’,N’</i>-Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) is known to increase yields in Negishi-type cross-coupling reactions in aqueous–surfactant mixtures, presumably by increasing the persistence of the organozinc intermediates toward protodemetalation. The degree to which such stabilization enhances the key surface intermediates, however, is unknown. Here, the persistence of surface organozinc reaction intermediates was examined by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. TMEDA did not increase the persistence of these oxidative addition intermediates toward protodemetalation by water in THF or DMF, indicating that its stabilizing effect may be limited to the solution phase. TMEDA, however, enhanced the persistence of these oxidative addition intermediates toward trimethylsilyl chloride and 1,2-dibromoethane, reagents commonly used in preparative organozinc reagent syntheses that presumably act through zinc surface etching. The data suggest that TMEDA hinders surface etching. The results pinpoint the elementary steps that result in enhanced water stability of organometallics for use in developing aqueous–organic reaction systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"1999–2002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OrganometallicsPub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00184
Valiya P. Ummu Habeeba, , , Kavanal P. Prasanthkumar*, , and , Pookkottu K. Sajith*,
{"title":"N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand Effects on Pd-Catalyzed C–H Activation: A Computational Analysis","authors":"Valiya P. Ummu Habeeba, , , Kavanal P. Prasanthkumar*, , and , Pookkottu K. Sajith*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.5c00184","url":null,"abstract":"<p >C–H activation presents a sustainable strategy for direct inert C–H bond functionalization. This density functional theory (DFT) study examines methane activation by neutral and cationic Pd(II)-methoxy complexes via oxidative addition (OA) and σ-bond metathesis (SBM). We elucidate the <i>trans</i> effect and <i>trans</i> influence of 21 electronically and structurally diverse N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands in these processes. SBM pathways exhibited significantly lower activation energies (<i>E</i><sub>a</sub>) than OA pathways, with cationic complexes generally displaying higher barriers. Complexes containing NHCs with strongly electron-withdrawing substituents consistently showed lower <i>E</i><sub>a</sub> across all pathways, while those bearing electron-donating groups resulted in higher <i>E</i><sub>a</sub>. Electron-donating abilities of NHCs were quantified with electrostatic potential (ESP) parameters viz., molecular electrostatic potential minimum (<i>V</i><sub>min</sub>), and potential at the carbene carbon nucleus (<i>V</i><sub>C</sub>). Quantitative correlations were found between <i>E</i><sub>a</sub> and both <i>V</i><sub>min</sub> and <i>V</i><sub>C</sub>. Our results demonstrate that <i>V</i><sub>min</sub> and <i>V</i><sub>C</sub> serve as useful descriptors for analyzing the <i>trans</i> effect and <i>trans</i> influence of NHC ligands. This holds particularly true in systems lacking prominent secondary interactions and steric hindrance. These correlations highlight the critical role of NHC ligand design and offer a predictive framework to guide future catalyst optimization for alkane functionalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":56,"journal":{"name":"Organometallics","volume":"44 18","pages":"2042–2054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}