人文科学最新文献

{"title":"Audiovisual Self-Confrontation: Psychiatric and Psychotherapeutic Uses of Television and Video in (West) Germany 1970s-1990s.","authors":"Renée Winter","doi":"10.1177/15274764241308830","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15274764241308830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The history of television and video therapy in the Federal Republic of Germany is strongly linked to the working group IAAPP (Internationaler Arbeitskreis für Audiovision in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie/International Working Group for Audiovision in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy), which was founded 1977 in West Berlin. Although a mainly German-speaking group, the IAAPP also regularly referred to studies from the U.S., but only selectively adopted their approaches concerning audiovisual practices in psychiatry. Technological and legal conditions for the implementation of television systems in psychiatric clinics were debated and elaborated by the working group and formed the basis for the development of various methods of television and video therapy. The members of the IAAPP were particularly interested in approaches to self-confrontation through video recordings which should induce self-reflection, compliance with therapeutic measures, or a coherent self-image.</p>","PeriodicalId":51551,"journal":{"name":"Television & New Media","volume":"26 5","pages":"604-623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese mothers use idioms in shared book reading: A predictor for children's Chinese vocabulary growth?","authors":"Junyi Yang, Vibeke Grøver, Joshua F Lawrence","doi":"10.1017/S0305000924000266","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000924000266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idioms play an important role in language; however, little research has examined idioms in children's natural language settings. This study explored idioms usage in maternal talk during mother-child shared book reading and its relation to children's vocabulary development. Thirty-three Chinese children in Norway (aged 3;0-5;5) and their mothers participated. We observed shared reading at the onset of the study and assessed children's receptive and expressive vocabulary in Chinese three times across one year. Results demonstrated that mothers used an average of 1.8 idioms and explained one-third of the idioms. Maternal idiom usage was correlated with their talk amount and lexical diversity. Individual growth modeling revealed that the number of idioms mothers used predicted the growth of children's receptive vocabulary in Chinese. We speculate that idiom usage could be an effective and understudied marker of parental linguistic sophistication. This study underscores the importance of idiom exposure in children's language environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"918-944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-linguistic examination of young children's everyday language experiences.","authors":"John Bunce, Melanie Soderstrom, Elika Bergelson, Celia Rosemberg, Alejandra Stein, Florencia Alam, Maia Julieta Migdalek, Marisa Casillas","doi":"10.1017/S030500092400028X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S030500092400028X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present an exploratory cross-linguistic analysis of the quantity of target-child-directed speech and adult-directed speech in North American English (US & Canadian), United Kingdom English, Argentinian Spanish, Tseltal (Tenejapa, Mayan), and Yélî Dnye (Rossel Island, Papuan), using annotations from 69 children aged 2-36 months. Using a novel methodological approach, our cross-linguistic and cross-cultural findings support prior work suggesting that target-child-directed speech quantities are stable across early development, while adult-directed speech decreases. A preponderance of speech from women was found to a similar degree across groups, with less target-child-directed speech from men and children in the North American samples than elsewhere. Consistently across groups, children also heard more adult-directed than target-child-directed speech. Finally, the numbers of talkers present in any given clip strongly impacted children's moment-to-moment input quantities. These findings illustrate how the structure of home life impacts patterns of early language exposure across diverse developmental contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"786-814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Talkers can generalise trained labels by object shape similarities, but not unfamiliar labels.","authors":"Cecilia Zuniga-Montanez, Andrea Krott","doi":"10.1017/S0305000924000163","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000924000163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Late talkers (LTs) exhibit delayed vocabulary development, which might stem from a lack of a typical word learning strategy to generalise object labels by shape, called the 'shape bias'. We investigated whether LTs can acquire a shape bias and whether this accelerates vocabulary learning. Fourteen LTs were randomly allocated to either a shape training group (<i>M</i>_age = 2.76 years, 6 males), which was taught that objects similar in shape have the same name, or a control group (<i>M</i>_age = 2.61 years, 4 males), which was taught real words without any focus on object shape. After seven training sessions, children in the shape training group generalised trained labels by shape (<i>d</i> = 1.28), but not unfamiliar labels. Children in the control group extended all labels randomly. Training did not affect expressive vocabulary.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"815-838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"That kid is a grasshopper! Metaphor development from 3 to 9 years of age.","authors":"Isabel Martín-González, Camilo R Ronderos, Elena Castroviejo, Kristen Schroeder, Ingrid Lossius-Falkum, Agustín Vicente","doi":"10.1017/S0305000924000187","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000924000187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two major trends on children's skills to comprehend metaphors have governed the literature on the subject: the <i>literal stage</i> hypothesis vs. the <i>early birds</i> hypothesis (Falkum, 2022). We aim to contribute to this debate by testing children's capability to comprehend novel metaphors ('X is a Y') in Spanish with a child-friendly, picture selection task, while also tracking their gaze. Further, given recent findings on the development of metonymy comprehension suggesting a U-shaped developmental curve for this phenomenon (Köder & Falkum, 2020), we aimed to determine the shape of the developmental trajectory of novel metaphor comprehension, and to explore how both types of data (picture selection and gaze behavior) relate to each other. Our results suggest a linear developmental trajectory with 6-year-olds significantly succeeding in picture selection and consistently looking at the metaphorical target even after question onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"945-970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development and validation of a scale on student AI literacy in L2 writing: A domain-specific perspective","authors":"Linlin Xu ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ling Ou ,&nbsp;Di Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the educational landscape, especially in second language (L2) writing, reshaping how students approach the learning and practice of L2 writing. This shift has highlighted the importance of student AI literacy, which enables students to harness the power of AI tools and navigate the complexities of L2 writing more effectively and responsibly. Despite its significance, research on student AI literacy in L2 writing remains scarce, and there is a notable absence of instruments to measure, diagnose and track its development among L2 student writers. Heeding the call for developing psychometrically validated scales tailored to specific domains or disciplines, this study aims to develop and validate the L2 Writing-Student AI Literacy Scale (L2W-SAILS) for teachers and students to operationalise and assess student AI literacy in L2 writing. Building on relevant seminal works, this study proposed a four-dimension AI literacy framework, including ‘understanding’, ‘use’, ‘evaluation’, and ‘ethics’. Guided by this framework, a 22-item self-reported questionnaire on student AI literacy was developed and validated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis involving respectively 435 and 350 Chinese university students. The results confirm that the L2W-SAILS is a reliable measurement scale for assessing student AI literacy in L2 writing, and the proposed four-dimension model is a robust representation of student AI literacy. The findings also contribute to a pedagogical framework that informs AI-assisted teaching and learning of L2 writing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear second-order dynamics describe labial constriction trajectories across languages and contexts","authors":"Michael C. Stern,&nbsp;Jason A. Shaw","doi":"10.1016/j.wocn.2025.101427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wocn.2025.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the dynamics of labial constriction trajectories during the production of /b/ and /m/ in English and Mandarin in two prosodic contexts. We find that, across languages and contexts, the ratio of instantaneous displacement to instantaneous velocity generally follows an exponential decay curve from movement onset to movement offset. We formalize this empirical discovery in a differential equation and, in combination with an assumption of point attractor dynamics, derive a nonlinear second-order dynamical system describing labial constriction trajectories. The equation has only two parameters, <span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></math></span>. <span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> corresponds to the target state and <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></math></span> corresponds to movement rapidity. Thus, each of the parameters corresponds to a phonetically relevant dimension of control. Nonlinear regression demonstrates that the model provides excellent fits to individual movement trajectories. Moreover, trajectories simulated from the model qualitatively match empirical trajectories, and capture key kinematic variables like duration and peak velocity. The model constitutes a proposal for the dynamics of individual articulatory movements, and thus offers a novel foundation from which to understand additional influences on articulatory kinematics like prosody, inter-movement coordination, and stochastic noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phonetics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 101427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-constructing community and sociability in game streaming chats","authors":"Carolin Debray","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2025.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2025.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On streaming sites such as twitch, audiences interact during a live broadcast through the chat – and for many, this communal viewing and the ensuing social interactions are an important reason to engage with live streams (<span><span>Hamilton et al., 2014</span></span>, <span><span>Hilvert-Bruce et al., 2018</span></span>, <span><span>Wohn and Freeman, 2020</span></span>). Twitch chats therefore constitute important third places that feature very fast-paced interactions full of new word formations, emotes, and banter that appear strongly community affirming. Drawing on stance theory, this paper investigates how chatters achieve joint attention and coherence in the chat and manage to construct community during live-gaming spectatorship in the chats of three different gaming streamers. It finds that chatters engage in continuous explicit affective and evaluative stancetaking practices that function to focus attention on a shared object while also to synchronise chatters’ affective responses to the unfolding action. This is achieved through the development of in-group language with a complex, evolving system of interjections and emotes at its heart that allow chatters to take nuanced stances at great speed while positioning themselves as competent community members. Through complex practices of repetition and variation, these stances are constructed as shared across the community. With this, the paper makes contributions to our understanding of community creation among large, diverse, and anonymous online crowds and adds to our knowledge of stancetaking by highlighting innovative practices that facilitate community construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements of phonetics in the 21st century: Phonetic universals, language variation, and phonetic grammar","authors":"Taehong Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.wocn.2025.101426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wocn.2025.101426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review, part of the journal’s special collection on <em>Advancements</em> of <em>Phonetics in the 21st Century</em>, examines the interplay between phonetic universals and language variation at both segmental and utterance levels. It traces the physiological and biomechanical foundations of phonetic universals established by 20th-century research while focusing on cross-linguistic variation explored predominantly in 21st-century research. Segmental phonetic universals include <em>the role of the syllable</em> in organizing segments and gestures, <em>intrinsic vowel duration</em> influenced by vowel height, <em>extrinsic vowel duration</em> due to coda voicing, <em>intrinsic and co-intrinsic f0 variation</em> affected by vowel height and onset consonant characteristics, respectively, and <em>place effects on closure duration and VOT</em>. While segmental universals stem from distinct mechanical bases, utterance-level universals emerge from respiratory and articulatory resets at utterance onset, shaping the entire speech production system—a perspective substantiated here based primarily on 21st-century phonetic research. These resets structure prosodic organization, leading to weakening effects at the right edge (e.g., <em>f0 declination, articulatory declination, phrase-final lengthening</em>) and strengthening effects at the left edge (e.g., <em>domain-initial strengthening</em>) and occasionally at the right edge as well (e.g., <em>phrase-final strengthening</em>) when sufficient time permits. Extensive evidence demonstrates that phonetic universals are further shaped by language-specific factors and the interaction between <em>system-oriented</em> and <em>output-oriented</em> constraints. This diversity calls for detailed phonetic descriptions tailored to each language, with phonetic grammar, as proposed here, fine-tuning phonetic realization accordingly. Research in the 21st century has also illuminated that segmental and utterance-level universals, traditionally regarded as distinct, are deeply interconnected, if not inseparable. <em>The Extended Model of Phonetic Grammar</em> is introduced as a framework for mediating this relationship within the phonetics-prosody interface as well as interactions with other higher-order linguistic structures. Furthermore, language variation within phonetic universals suggests that many phonetic processes, once considered automatic, are actively controlled by speakers, reflecting the unique evolutionary pathways of different languages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phonetics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 101426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recalculating the Future of Humanity: Homo Cyberneticus 2.0","authors":"José G. Funes","doi":"10.1080/14746700.2025.2514301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2025.2514301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56045,"journal":{"name":"Theology and Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}