Bilingualism: Language and Cognition最新文献

A meta-analysis of Stroop task studies on bilinguals’ emotional word processing 双语者情绪文字处理Stroop任务研究的元分析

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101795

Boubaker Gar Elmetred, Sumin Zhang

{"title":"A meta-analysis of Stroop task studies on bilinguals’ emotional word processing","authors":"Boubaker Gar Elmetred, Sumin Zhang","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101795","url":null,"abstract":"This meta-analysis examines emotional Stroop interference in bilinguals, a literature characterised with inconsistent findings on age of acquisition (AoA), emotional valence, and L2 proficiency. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search across six electronic databases identified 10 studies (12 independent effect sizes, N = 450). Random-effects meta-analysis yielded a non-significant pooled effect characterized by extreme heterogeneity. Mixed-effects moderator models identified age of L2 acquisition as the critical boundary condition: early-acquired bilinguals exhibited reliable interference, whereas late-acquired bilinguals did not. Proficiency assessment method and valence eligibility were non-significant, suggesting that superficial methodological differences do not account for the literature’s variability. Formal stimulus-type analysis was precluded by a near-absence of emotion-label studies. These findings indicate that emotional Stroop interference in bilinguals is conditional on neurodevelopmental timing, supporting neurodevelopmental models of integrated language–emotion networks. The results underscore the need for standardised paradigms and more diverse bilingual samples in future primary research.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Domain-dependent mechanisms of L2 proficiency in interference suppression: A drift-diffusion analysis of verbal and spatial Stroop in Chinese–English bilinguals 干扰抑制的领域依赖机制：汉英双语者言语和空间Stroop的漂移-扩散分析

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101965

Liqun Wang, Ruili Chu, Tongyi Zhang, Hongli Li, Haoyang Shi, Zihao Wang

{"title":"Domain-dependent mechanisms of L2 proficiency in interference suppression: A drift-diffusion analysis of verbal and spatial Stroop in Chinese–English bilinguals","authors":"Liqun Wang, Ruili Chu, Tongyi Zhang, Hongli Li, Haoyang Shi, Zihao Wang","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101965","url":null,"abstract":"Whether and how second-language (L2) proficiency shapes cognitive control remain debated. We examined its influence on interference suppression across verbal and spatial domains in 154 Chinese–English bilinguals who completed parallel verbal and spatial Stroop tasks. L2 proficiency was modeled in three groups and continuously, and latent processes were decomposed via hierarchical Bayesian drift-diffusion modeling. Higher proficiency was associated with reduced interference in both domains, with a greater reduction in the verbal domain. Group-based model comparison favored verbal drift-rate variation and spatial decision-threshold variation. Joint regressions included proficiency, daily L2 use, L2 exposure, age of acquisition and years of learning. Proficiency was associated with higher drift rates and thresholds and shorter nondecision times in both tasks. Daily L2 use and L2 exposure were associated with verbal and spatial parameters, respectively. These findings provide computational evidence for a task-dependent account of bilingual cognitive control involving proficiency and other experience dimensions.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilingual experience shapes brain connectivity in childhood 双语经历塑造了儿童时期大脑的连通性

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101849

Froso Argyri, Sezgi Goksan, Wei Li, Jonathan D. Clayden, Frederique Liegeois

{"title":"Bilingual experience shapes brain connectivity in childhood","authors":"Froso Argyri, Sezgi Goksan, Wei Li, Jonathan D. Clayden, Frederique Liegeois","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101849","url":null,"abstract":"How bilingualism impacts the brain networks that support language and cognitive control in childhood is largely unknown. Here we used diffusion-weighted and resting-state functional MRI to assess structural and functional connectivity in 36 English–Greek bilinguals and 17 English monolinguals aged 8 to 10 years. We examined language networks (arcuate and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus microstructure; fronto-temporal functional connectivity) as well as domain-general networks involved in attention and cognitive control (superior longitudinal fasciculus microstructure; default mode network; salience network; fronto-parietal control network; striatal network functional connectivity). In the bilingual group, greater bilingual engagement was associated with enhanced default-mode and fronto-parietal functional connectivity. Earlier bilingual exposure was associated with higher superior longitudinal fasciculus microstructure. There were no associations between bilingual experience measures and language network metrics. Overall, we reveal that immersive bilingualism leaves neural signatures in the developing brain, mainly by shaping the intrinsic connectivity of domain-general networks.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of list composition and task demands on interlingual homograph processing in unbalanced trilinguals 表构成和任务需求对不平衡三语者语际同形词加工的影响

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101916

Ihor Borisovitch Biloushchenko, Ton Dijkstra, Dominiek Sandra

引用次数: 0

A brief training session in language switching offers immediate benefits for inhibitory control among English-dominant bilinguals 一个简短的语言转换训练课程对英语双语者的抑制控制有立竿见影的效果

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101886

Karolina Rachwal, Celina Del Vecchio, John W. Schwieter

{"title":"A brief training session in language switching offers immediate benefits for inhibitory control among English-dominant bilinguals","authors":"Karolina Rachwal, Celina Del Vecchio, John W. Schwieter","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101886","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated whether a short-term training session in language switching enhances inhibitory control in English-dominant bilinguals ( N = 55) whose second language backgrounds included 17 various languages. The participants completed a pre-training flanker task, a 50-minute numeral-based language-switching task and a post-training flanker task. Results showed significantly reduced flanker effect following the language-switching task. In the switching task, participants exhibited typical switch cost patterns, with slower and less accurate responses on switch trials compared to nonswitch trials. Additionally, switch costs were asymmetrical, with greater costs observed into their first versus second language, consistent with inhibitory control accounts of bilingual language use. Overall, these findings suggest that language switching engages control processes that can have immediate, positive effects on inhibitory control outside the language domain. These results support partial overlap between bilingual language control and domain-general executive processes, highlighting the context-dependent nature of cognitive transfer effects.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skilled reading in a second language: Core reading processes, L2 proficiency and first-language background 熟练的第二语言阅读：核心阅读过程，第二语言熟练程度和第一语言背景

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101898

Lin Chen, Xiaoping Fang, Charles Perfetti

引用次数: 0

L2 exposure intensity modulates the time course of verbal humor comprehension: An ERP study 第二语言暴露强度调节言语幽默理解的时间过程：一项ERP研究

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101850

Fan Peng, Rong Zhou, Musi Xie

引用次数: 0

Social bilingual language use is associated with neural efficiency in inhibitory control: Evidence from ERPs 社会双语语言的使用与抑制控制的神经效率有关：来自erp的证据

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1017/s136672892610176x

Megan Nakamura, Sergio Miguel Pereira-Soares, Allison Roggen, Michele T. Diaz, Eleonora Rossi

{"title":"Social bilingual language use is associated with neural efficiency in inhibitory control: Evidence from ERPs","authors":"Megan Nakamura, Sergio Miguel Pereira-Soares, Allison Roggen, Michele T. Diaz, Eleonora Rossi","doi":"10.1017/s136672892610176x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s136672892610176x","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive control supports flexible goal maintenance and conflict resolution. Although bilingual experience has been proposed to enhance its efficiency through sustained language control, emerging evidence suggests these effects reflect adaptive recalibration driven by individual language use rather than domain-general transfer. Here we examined how individual differences in bilingual experience modulate behavioral and neural indices of adaptive attentional control during conflict processing, as indexed by an adaptive Flanker task. Fifty participants (M = 19.6 years) completed the Language and Social Background Questionnaire and an electroencephalography adaptive Flanker task. Event-related potentials in the N100, N200 and P300 windows indexed attentional allocation, conflict detection, and monitoring. Behaviorally, participants showed the expected Flanker interference effect, with no modulation by bilingual experience. In contrast, greater Non-English Social Use, but not overall bilingualism or home use, was associated with attenuated N100s and N200s, suggesting reduced early attentional demands. These neural effects, in the absence of behavioral differences, suggest experience-dependent efficiency in control recruitment rather than enhanced control.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrete emotion norms for 1,122 English words: A database of categorical ratings by Chinese-English bilinguals 1122个英语词汇的离散情绪规范：汉英双语者分类评分数据库

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101837

Yunhan Si, Chuanbin Ni

{"title":"Discrete emotion norms for 1,122 English words: A database of categorical ratings by Chinese-English bilinguals","authors":"Yunhan Si, Chuanbin Ni","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101837","url":null,"abstract":"Although the discrete emotion perspective has gained increasing attention in affective and psycholinguistic research, large-scale normative datasets in a second language (L2) remain limited. To address this gap, the present study introduces a comprehensive database of discrete emotion norms for L2 English. The dataset comprises 1,122 words evaluated by 525 Chinese-English bilinguals across five discrete emotion categories: happiness, anger, fear, disgust and sadness. Participants rated subsets of these words using a 5-point Likert scale. The results demonstrate high inter-rater reliability and reveal systematic relationships between discrete emotion ratings and affective dimensions. Furthermore, these categorical ratings correlate with emotion prototypicality and key psycholinguistic variables, including age of acquisition, word frequency, concreteness and semantic diversity. Distributional analyses highlight a pronounced asymmetry: happiness dominates the semantic space. This database provides detailed discrete emotion ratings for each word and offers a fine-grained tool for selecting controlled stimuli for research on L2 emotion.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

L1–L2 similarity and L2 word frequency effects in Chinese 汉语L1-L2相似度与L2词频效应

IF 3.6 1区文学

Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1017/s136672892610193x

Xin Lai, Xin Jiang

引用次数: 0