生命科学最新文献

{"title":"Innovations in Immunology Education: bridging theory, practice and professional development.","authors":"Samy Sakkal, Maurizio Costabile","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Timing of Dark Acclimation for Estimating Light Inhibition of Leaf Respiratory CO₂ Efflux.","authors":"Dan Bruhn, Kevin L Griffin, Ian M Møller","doi":"10.1111/pce.15335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15335","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIL7 enhances plant growth by regulating the transcription factor BIL1/BZR1 during brassinosteroid signaling^‡.","authors":"Tomoko Miyaji, Ayumi Yamagami, Yusuke Nakamura, Kaisei Nishida, Ryo Tachibana, Surina Surina, Shozo Fujioka, Mariano Garcia-Hourquet, Santiago Mora-García, Shohei Nosaki, Takuya Miyakawa, Masaru Tanokura, Minami Matsui, Hiroyuki Osada, Kazuo Shinozaki, Tadao Asami, Takeshi Nakano","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroid hormones that regulate plant development and environmental responses. BIL1/BZR1, a master transcription factor that regulates approximately 3000 genes in the BR signaling pathway, is transported to the nucleus from the cytosol in response to BR signaling; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is unknown. Here, we identify a novel BR signaling factor, BIL7, that enhances plant growth and positively regulates the nuclear accumulation of BIL1/BZR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. BIL7-overexpressing plants were resistant to the BR biosynthesis inhibitor Brz and taller than wild-type (WT) plants were due to increased cell division. BIL7 is mainly localized to the plasma membrane, but during the early stages of cell growth, it was also localized to the nucleus. BIL7 was directly phosphorylated by the kinase BIN2, and nuclear localization of BIL7 was enhanced by the BIN2 inhibitor bikinin. BIL7 was found to bind to BIL1/BZR1, and nuclear accumulation of BIL1/BZR1 was strongly enhanced by BIL7 overexpression. Finally, double overexpression of BIL1/BZR1 and BIL7 led to greatly elongated hypocotyls in the presence of Brz. These findings suggest that BIL7 mediates nuclear accumulation of BIL1/BZR1, which activates inflorescence elongation in plants via BR signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional Reprogramming and Allelic Variation in Pleiotropic QTL Regulates Days to Flowering and Growth Habit in Pigeonpea.","authors":"Kuldeep Kumar, Kumar Durgesh, Priyanka Anjoy, Harsha Srivastava, Kishor U Tribhuvan, Amitha Mithra Sevanthi, Anupam Singh, Ratna Prabha, Sandhya Sharma, Rekha Joshi, Pradeep Kumar Jain, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kishor Gaikwad","doi":"10.1111/pce.15322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated the linkage between days to flowering (DTF) and growth habit (GH) in pigeonpea using QTL mapping, QTL-seq, and GWAS approaches. The linkage map developed here is the largest to date, spanning 1825.56 cM with 7987 SNP markers. In total, eight and four QTLs were mapped for DTF and GH, respectively, harbouring 78 pigeonpea orthologs of Arabidopsis flowering time genes. Corroboratively, QTL-seq analysis identified a single linked QTL for both traits on chromosome 3, possessing 15 genes bearing genic variants. Together, these 91 genes were clustered primarily into autonomous, photoperiod, and epigenetic pathways. Further, we identified 39 associations for DTF and 111 associations for GH through GWAS in the QTL regions. Of these, nine associations were consistent and constituted nine haplotypes (five late, two early, one each for super-early and medium duration). The involvement of multiple genes explained the range of allelic effects and the presence of multiple LD blocks. Further, the linked QTL on chromosome 3 was fine-mapped to the 0.24-Mb region with an LOD score of 8.56, explaining 36.47% of the phenotypic variance. We identified a 10-bp deletion in the first exon of TFL1 gene of the ICPL 20338 variety, which may affect its interaction with the Apetala1 and Leafy genes, resulting in determinate GH and early flowering. Further, the genic marker developed for the deletion in the TFL1 gene could be utilized as a foreground marker in marker-assisted breeding programmes to develop early-flowering pigeonpea varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MsMYB206-MsMYB450-MsHY5 complex regulates alfalfa tolerance to salt stress via regulating flavonoid biosynthesis during the day and night cycles.","authors":"Liantai Su, Aimin Lv, Wuwu Wen, Nana Fan, Xiangkai You, Li Gao, Peng Zhou, Fengling Shi, Yuan An","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavonoids are the major secondary metabolites participating in many biological processes of plants. Although flavonoid biosynthesis has been extensively studied, its regulatory mechanisms during the day and night cycles remain poorly understood. In this study, three proteins, MsMYB206, MsMYB450, and MsHY5, were found to interact with each other, in which MsMYB206 directly transactivated two flavonoid biosynthetic genes, MsFLS and MsF3'H. The expression patterns of MsMYB206, MsMYB450, MsFLS, and MsF3'H were fully consistent at regular intervals across day/night cycles that were higher at night than in the daytime. On the contrary, both gene expression levels and protein contents of MsHY5 increased in the daytime but decreased at night, and the lower expression of MsHY5 at night led to strengthened interaction between MsMYB206 and MsMYB450. The MsMYB206-overexpression plants were more salt-tolerant and their flavonoid contents were higher than the WT during the day/night cycles. This study revealed one mechanism interpreting the fluctuating flavonoid contents during day/night cycles regulated by the MsMYB206/MsMYB450/MsHY5-MsFLS/MsF3'H module that also contributed to salt tolerance in alfalfa.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CCT39 Transcription Factor Promotes Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Photosynthesis in Poplar.","authors":"Hao Chen, Wenqi Wu, Kang Du, Jun Yang, Xiangyang Kang","doi":"10.1111/pce.15329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorophyll serves as a crucial pigment in plants, essential for photosynthesis, growth, and development. Our previous study has shown that PpnCCT39 can increase leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate in poplar. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we observed that overexpression of PpnCCT39 not only elevates chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, but also induces alterations in leaf morphology, basal diameter, and chloroplast structure. By performing RNA-seq on terminal buds and leaves at leaf positions 1, 3, 5, and 10, we determined that PpnCCT39 predominantly exerts its effects in young leaves. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-seq) performed on PpnCCT39-overexpressing poplars identified 17 194 potential regulatory target genes. By integrating RNA-seq and ChIP-seq datasets along with validation assays for protein-DNA interactions, we determined that PpnCCT39 directly stimulated the transcription of three key genes involved in the chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis pathways: PagHO1, PagLIL3, and PagPYG7. Furthermore, protein interaction assays revealed that PpnCCT39 interacts with PagRD19 and PagATP2, localized in vesicles and mitochondria respectively, with these interactions occurring within chloroplasts. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which the PpnCCT39 transcription factor in poplar promotes chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis. It also highlights the critical role of PpnCCT39 in nucleocytoplasmic interactions. These findings underscore the significance of PpnCCT39 in regulating chlorophyll biosynthesis and enhancing photosynthesis through molecular design.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A night shift for histone methylation in DNA damage control","authors":"Martin Balcerowicz","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17192","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Plants fine-tune their physiology to the time of day, largely through dynamic shifts in gene expression. While these shifts are generally attributed to transcription factor activity, an additional layer of regulation comes from chromatin modifications. Covalent histone modifications, collectively referred to as the ‘histone code’, affect chromatin structure and recruitment of regulatory proteins and thereby determine transcriptional activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Histone marks show distinct links to diurnal and circadian rhythms in plants. In the model plant &lt;i&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;/i&gt;, signatures of Histone 3 acetylation at Lysine residue 9 (H3K9ac) and 27 (H3K27ac) and phosphorylation at Serine residue 28 (H3S28p) vary between day and night (Baerenfaller et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). Additionally, many components of the circadian clock are regulated at the chromatin level, particularly through histone acetylation (Xiong et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Histone acetylation is generally associated with gene activation, while histone methylation can either activate or repress gene expression, depending on the site of modification (Liu et al., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;). For example, Histone H3 monomethylation at Lysine residue 27 (H3K27me1) is associated with switched off genes: It plays a crucial role in constitutive silencing of transposable elements and contributes to the maintenance of heterochromatin and the low expression of some genes within euchromatin (Jacob et al., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;; Potok et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). However, it remained unknown whether H3K27me1 deposition follows diurnal patterns, and how such patterns affect gene function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Crisanto Gutierrez's lab has substantially advanced our understanding of chromatin dynamics, especially in regard to cell division and genome replication. Recently, the lab turned its focus to exploring the effects of chromatin changes on gene expression and their impact on plant development and environmental sensing. Jorge Fung-Uceda, co-first author of the highlighted study, began his work on chromatin dynamics and the circadian clock during his PhD before joining Gutierrez's lab as a postdoctoral researcher to study H3K27me1's role in gene regulation. He was joined on the project by co-first author María Sol Gomez, who brought in expertise in plant stress responses and environmental perception.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fung-Uceda et al. observed that H3K27me1 levels fluctuate with the time of day, with higher levels at night than during the day (Figure 1a), and that this difference was more pronounced under short-day conditions than under long-day conditions. H3K27me1 is deposited by the methyl transferases ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED PROTEIN 5 (ATXR5) and ATXR6 (Jacob et al., &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;). In agreement with increased H3K27me1 levels, transcript levels of &lt;i&gt;ATXR5&lt;/i&gt; peaked during the night, while &lt;i&gt;ATXR6&lt;/i&gt; transcript levels remained low throughout the 24-h period (Figure 1b). Whether these oscillations are controlled by the","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"120 6","pages":"2323-2324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.17192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic dissection of ear-related trait divergence between maize and teosinte.","authors":"Shenshen Wu, Han Zhang, Zhengfu Fang, Zichao Li, Ning Yang, Fang Yang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize has undergone remarkable domestication and shows striking differences in architecture and ear morphology compared to its wild progenitor, called teosinte. However, our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the ear morphology differences between teosinte and cultivated maize is still limited. In this study, we explored the genetic basis of ear-related traits at both early and mature stages by analyzing a population derived from a cross between Mo17 and a teosinte line, mexicana. We identified 31 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with four IM-related and four ear-related traits, with 27 QTLs subjected to selection during the domestication process. Several key genes related to ear development were found under selection, including KN1 and RA1. Analysis of gene expression in the IM of developing ears from the population revealed the prominent roles of cis-variants in gene regulation. We also identified a large number of trans-eQTLs responsible for gene expression variation, and enrichment analysis on a trans-eQTL hotspot revealed the possible involvement of the sulfur metabolic pathway in controlling ear traits. Integrating the expression and phenotypic mapping data, we pinpointed several candidate genes potentially influencing ear development. Our findings advance the understanding of the genetic basis driving ear trait variation during maize domestication.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altering Carotene Hydroxylase Activity of DcCYP97C1 Affects Carotenoid Flux and Changes Taproot Colour in Carrot.","authors":"Yuan-Jie Deng, Ao-Qi Duan, Tong Li, Shan-Shan Tan, Shan-Shan Liu, Ya-Hui Wang, Jing Ma, Jing-Wen Li, Hui Liu, Zhi-Sheng Xu, Yi Liang, Jian-Hua Zhou, Ai-Sheng Xiong","doi":"10.1111/pce.15331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CYP97C1 as a haem-containing cytochrome P450 hydroxylase (P450-type) is important for carotene hydroxylation and xanthophyll biosynthesis. Research about this type of hydroxylase was mainly reported in several model plant species which have no specialized tissues accumulating massive carotenoids. The function of CYP97C1 in the horticultural plant, like carrots, was not fully studied. In this study, we focused on the role of DcCYP97C1 in carotenoid flux and colour formation in carrot. DcCYP97C1 was found highly expressed in the 'turning stage' of carrot taproot. Using stable transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout technology, DcCYP97C1 was confirmed the rate-limiting enzyme for lutein biosynthesis and important for taproot colour formation. Overexpression of DcCYP97C1 in an orange carrot KRD (Kurodagosun) resulted in five times overproduction of lutein accompanied by dramatic reduction of carotenes. Knockout of DcCYP97C1 in orange KRD and yellow carrot QTH (Qitouhuang) reduced all kinds of carotenoids including lutein, α-carotene and β-carotene reflecting the key role of DcCYP97C1 for total carotenoid accumulation in taproot 'turning stage'. Our study demonstrated that manipulation of DcCYP97C1 was sufficient to influence carotenoid flux, change carrot colour and for high lutein production. The uncovered role of DcCYP97C1 may be helpful for understanding plant carotenoid metabolism and breeding colourful carrot cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hansen's baccata #2 gene Rvi12_Cd5 confers scab resistance to the susceptible apple cultivar \"Gala Galaxy\".","authors":"Ayesha Yousaf, Paolo Baldi, Stefano Piazza, Valeria Gualandri, Matteo Komjanc, Lorenza Dalla Costa, Andrea Patocchi, Mickael Malnoy","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To enhance the breeding of new scab-resistant apple cultivars, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing major scab resistance genes is essential. Rvi12_Cd5 was previously identified as the best candidate gene for the Rvi12 scab resistance of the crab apple \"Hansen's baccata #2\" by gene prediction and in silico analysis. In the present study, Rvi12_Cd5 was used to transform the scab-susceptible apple cultivar \"Gala Galaxy.\" Two constructs were prepared: the first carrying Rvi12_Cd5 under the control of a 35S promoter and E9 terminator, and the second carrying Rvi12_Cd5 under the control of its native promoter and terminator. All the transgenic lines were analyzed for T-DNA integration, copy number, and expression of Rvi12_Cd5 and phenotypically evaluated for scab resistance. The \"Gala Galaxy\" lines carrying the 35S promoter expressed Rvi12_Cd5 at a high level, showing partial to high resistance against a mixed inoculum of Venturia inaequalis, with symptoms ranging from class 0 to 3b on the Chevalier scale. The transgenic lines carrying the native promoter showed a lower expression of Rvi12_Cd5 compared with the 35S lines. Nevertheless, the low expression was sufficient to induce a resistance level comparable to that of the transgenic lines carrying the 35S promoter. These results indicate that Rvi12_Cd5 confers scab resistance to a susceptible apple cultivar and that even a low level of gene transcript can trigger a plant response to V. inaequalis infection. After HcrVf2 and Vr2-C, Rvi12_Cd5 is the third major apple scab resistance gene being functionally proven.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}