中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240903-00119
Y Y Liu, Y M Song
{"title":"[<i>Okada Shôshun</i> and his academic achievements].","authors":"Y Y Liu, Y M Song","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240903-00119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240903-00119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Okada Shôshun</i> (1827-1897), as the last shogunate healer, was a renowned physician of Kampo medicine in Japan from the late Edo to Meiji period. He came from the school of Taki's orthodox medicine, participated in <i>Yi Xi Fang</i>, and drove the development of Kampo medicine in Japan in the Meiji period. He was taken as one of the Six Sages in Kampo medicine and was believed a driving force in the development and continuation of Kampo medicine in Japan. This was because he was one of the founders of the Wun Zhi Society, opened a hospital for Kampo medicine, had scholarly research papers published in a variety of journals, and served as a professor in He Han Medicine Instructing and Practicing Institute. Okada Shshun was an expert in both medicine and Confucianism. His writings, such as <i>the Medical Records of the Ji Shou Guan</i> and <i>the Biography of the Eight Great Chinese Medical Physicians</i>, are of great value as documents in medical history. Additionally, he also paid great attention to the studies and knowledge dissemination of epidemics. This paper focuses on his life history and academic contribution within the background and the development of Kampo medicine, and provides a reference for the study of modern Kampo medicine in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"379-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230920-00033
N Zeng, Q W Shi, C Y Wu, Z H Wang
{"title":"[Examining Xue Gao (Ice-cream) in <i>One Hundred Questions for Pediatrics</i>].","authors":"N Zeng, Q W Shi, C Y Wu, Z H Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230920-00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230920-00033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pills for infantile indigestion (Xiao Ru Wan) in <i>One Hundred Questions for Pediatrics (Ying Tong Bai Wen)</i> is one of the commonly used classic formulas in pediatrics for infantile indigestion. It was described \"like ice-cream (Xue Gao) as small as a millet after it was soaked to feed infants\". Xue Gao (Ice-cream) here was unclear in terms of meaning and usage. Based on the literature and archives, Xue Gao (Ice-cream) was a common cake made of steamed glutinous rice powder and rice flour in the Song Dynasty. It looked like snow in light weight. It was often processed as drugs in traditional Chinese medicine, named as White Cake or Snow Cake (Xue Gao). Additionally, the usage of 'millet soaked to feed infants' was similar with the usage of 'steamed cake made of flour'. They were processed as pills and were soaked to feed infants. In this sense, it was inferred that Xue Gao was air-dried steamed millet for some years. Xue Gao, processed as pills, had the following features. It was often taken as excipient in drugs because it was made of sticky rice. Additionally, it had the effect of tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi (invigorating spleen-stomach and replenishing Qi) for its ingredients - sticky rice and polished round-grained rice. Moreover, Xue Gao was easy to reserve after it was air-dried. More importantly, it can help soften untoward effect of other drugs and minimise gastrointestinal irritation when it was used with other medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"344-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230927-00038
J S He, Y Zhao
{"title":"[The characteristics of <i>Wan Shi Zuan Yao</i>].","authors":"J S He, Y Zhao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230927-00038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230927-00038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Wan Shi Zuan Yao,</i> the unique copy of this publication for pediatrics, was written by Xu Zhiyi in the Ming Dynasty. It was compiled based on <i>Dou Zhen Xin Fa</i> by Wan Quan, a well-known physician for pediatrics, and other great medical books for pediatrics in the Ming Dynasty. This paper examines and analyses the content and compilation characteristics of <i>Wan Shi Zuan Yao.</i> For the reviser Zheng Yinglou in this book, this is believed to be a misrepresentation based on the relevant entries in the <i>Catalogue of Ancient Books of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Guo Zhong Yi Gu Ji Zong Mu)</i>. For the origin and content of <i>Wan Shi Zuan Yao,</i> it was found that the key book it drew on was a reedited revision of <i>Dou Zhen Xin Fa</i> (Yun Yang Version) and other works on pediatrics, such as <i>Bo Ai Xin Jian</i> and <i>Bao Chi Quan Shu</i> in the Ming Dynasty. For the compiling style, it was found that the book took a Chinese traditional method of book compiling, exacted the commonly used key points from <i>Dou Zhen Xin Fa</i>, and improved the theories and formulae in pediatrics. <i>Wan Shi Zuan Yao</i> has great value in both medical theory and literary research.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"361-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240126-00014
D N Li, L C Ma, X Chen
{"title":"[The development of the theory of \"San Xu Zhi Yi\" in the Song Dynasty].","authors":"D N Li, L C Ma, X Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240126-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240126-00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The theory \"San Xu Zhi Yi\" means epidemic diseases are mainly caused by changes in nature, deficiency of human energy and etiology (irregular sources of diseases). It was developed by some physicians in the Song Dynasty on the basis of <i>Su Wen Yi Pian</i> and <i>Shang Han Li</i>, with its relevant prevention and treatment. It was systematically discussed by some physicians, such as Han Zhihe, Pang Anshi, Zhu Gong, Guo Yong and Chen Wuze, in terms of spatio-temporal factors, the effects from weather, geography, human constitution and the seasonal principle of epidemic diseases towards its occurrence and prevalence. It was believed that the irregular sources of diseases (Xie) involve coldness and abnormal Qi. It was also believed that diagnoses needed to pay sufficient attention to environment, season, region, and the development of the diseases. Its prescription should involve gypsum and folium for clearing away heat and toxic materials, protecting the stomach, and adjusting diet and lifestyle. This theory and method of dealing with epidemic diseases in the Song Dynasty had great influence on the school of epidemic febrile disease, the school of warm-heat and the school of latent qi.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240320-00035
L Zhang, H Y Ding, S H Liang, H L Ren
{"title":"[The social image of traditional Chinese medicine on <i>the</i> <i>People's Daily</i> after the reform and opening-up policy].","authors":"L Zhang, H Y Ding, S H Liang, H L Ren","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240320-00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240320-00035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relevant topics around traditional Chinese medicine have been fully and continuously reported by <i>the People's daily</i> after the reform and opening-up policy. This has helped shape and mould the social image of traditional Chinese medicine. Such a social image of traditional Chinese medicine was established by the development of hospitals and the behaviour of their practitioners multi-dimensionally by the specific content and discourse of <i>the People's daily</i>. This involved constructing and interpreting a perception of the quality of the hospitals and their practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and their work performance. Such construction and interpretation guided people's scientific cognition towards tradition Chinese medicine, consolidated the social status of traditional Chinese medicine, and supported the reform of the national medicine and healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"351-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240705-00092
L Y Zhang, X Y Wang, P Kang
{"title":"[The sanskrit-kucha fragment PK AS 2A in the Ayurvedic medical canon <i>Yogaśataka</i>].","authors":"L Y Zhang, X Y Wang, P Kang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240705-00092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240705-00092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Yogaśataka,</i> an Ayurvedic medical canon, was translated into Tibetan, Kuchean and Uighur, and was widespread in the Western Regions (Xi Yu area), Nepal, and Sri Lanka. This paper focuses on the first formula prescription in the Sanskrit-Kuchean fragment PK AS 2A of the <i>Yogaśataka</i> in terms of its prescription translation into Chinese, examining drugs, the names of diseases, and analysis of the characteristics of prescriptions bilingually. It was found that the Kuchean translators added specific information of drug usages to the original Sanskrit prescriptions. The Kuchean translators also made mistakes, such as misunderstanding and transcribing errors. The prescription for menorrhagia in PK AS 2A was widely used in ancient India and the Western Regions (Xi Yu), revealing the influence of the <i>Yogaśataka</i> in different social and cultural levels in the Western Regions (Xi Yu).</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"327-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240612-00081
S X Wang, Y Liu
{"title":"[The medical transformation by 'Fang-Shu' in the Qin and Han Dynasties].","authors":"S X Wang, Y Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240612-00081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240612-00081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The term 'Fang-Shu' (Calculation and Arts) broke the monopoly of early witchcraft in the Spring-Autumn Warring Period (AD770-AD221) and was widely spread by the regime. It was developed into a theory to understand universe, nature and social phenomena in the Qin and Han Dynasty. It, then, gradually influenced theoretical construction in almost all fields, including medicine. It was found that 'Fang-Shu' altered medicine in terms of the human body, cognition of diseases, drugs, etiology and pathogenesis. This was seen in the materials in the Spring-Autumn Warring Period, based on the newly unearthed documents such as Tianhuai Medical Bamboo Slips and Wan Wu, the Han Dynasty Bamboo Slips in Fuyang, and the medicine classics like the Inner Canon (Nei Jing) and the Divine Husbandman's Classic of Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao). 'Fang-Shu' theory continued to develop until the East Han Dynasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"323-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240315-00031
H H Liu, Q J Jin, R S Chen, Q L Jin, X Wang
{"title":"[The unpublished manuscript <i>He Yao Zong Bu</i> in the Wu Medicine School].","authors":"H H Liu, Q J Jin, R S Chen, Q L Jin, X Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240315-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240315-00031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From the perspective of philology, this study is the first to explore the author information,manuscript content,and literary value of the unpublished and unique manuscript He Yao Zong Bu. Firstly, by examining the physician's birth year, residence, social interactions and handwriting style, it can be determined that the manuscript's author is Yang Shoushan, a renowned doctor of the Shicai School of the Wumen Medical School during the Qing Dynasty. He Yao Zong Bu is one of the two traceable manuscripts currently known that have been handed down by Yang. Secondly,the main content of this book is Yang Shoushan's compilation of nearly 400 surgical formulas and their preparation methods drawn from previous medical experts in Suzhou. The book is concise in structure and rich in formulas,providing a substantial amount of reference material for future generations to study the characteristics of surgical diagnosis and treatment in the Wumen Medical School and summarize surgical thought. Thirdly, the manuscript He Yao Zong Bu contributes rich documentary material to the analysis of the academic thought of Yang Shoushan, a physician of the Shicai School of the Wumen Medical School, medicine. It also provides solid documentary evidence for elucidating the style and pattern of Chen Xintian's surgical formulas,a famous surgeon of the Wumen Medical School.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"366-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230926-00036
W W Li
{"title":"[Argumentation of the <i>Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Figures</i>].","authors":"W W Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230926-00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230926-00036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A dictionary compilation of the important figures in traditional Chinese medicine is very important. <i>The Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Figures</i> contributes greatly to the research of traditional Chinese medicine figures and traditional Chinese medicine history because more than 18,000 traditional Chinese physicians are included, along with rich data and a clear index. However, some problems are still worth discussing. These problems mainly focus on lack of consistency with the style, incomplete data of physicians, mistakes in the relationship between characters, and lack of consistency of the style of the sections. In this sense, these problems give the following warnings for dictionary compilation of relevant Chinese medicine. First of all, a variety of data sources, such as databases should be involved. Additionally, literature materials should be fully studied and examined. And thirdly, the publication needs to maintain consistency from the beginning to the end. Most importantly, as many as possible of those famous members of medical schools should be included.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 5","pages":"301-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华医史杂志Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20201029-00173
B Y Song, T Chen
{"title":"[The Citation of <i>Classified Materia Medica</i> in <i>Compendium of Medicine</i>].","authors":"B Y Song, T Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20201029-00173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20201029-00173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Compendium of Medicine (Yi Xue Gang Mu)</i> has forty volumes, compiled by Lou Ying in the Ming Dynasty. The classification of this book was based on the diseases of viscera and relevant treatment methods. It has unique literature research value because it involved a large number of medical literature before the Ming Dynasty including <i>Inner canon of Huang Di</i> and many great works of popular physicians after that. By comparing <i>Compendium of Medicine (Yi Sue Gang Mu)</i> with <i>Classified Materia Medica (Zheng Lei Ben Cao)</i>, it can be seen that there are 577 references from <i>Classified Materia Medica</i> in <i>Compendium of Medicine</i>, involving 78 archive or physician abbreviation with 66 ancient books or works of doctors. This means that 78 abbreviation in <i>Compendium of Medicine</i> were out of 220 abbreviation in <i>Classified Materia Medica</i>. Therefore, it indicates that <i>Classified Materia Medica</i> plays an important role in <i>Compendium of Medicine</i> compiling. In the process of citing <i>Classified Materia Medica</i>, <i>Compendium of Medicine</i> made some mistakes of citation, such as wrong provenance because of the original sources unchecked or the trace unknown, wrong spelling of names, confusion because of abbreviation, misunderstanding because of similarity, and a book with different names. These issues of citation style of <i>Compendium of Medicine</i> and their utilisation in practice provide meaningful references for textual research.</p>","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"54 5","pages":"290-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}