环境•农林最新文献

{"title":"The environmental statehood of ecological restoration: An institutional analysis of three regulatory case studies","authors":"Emille Boulot","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout Australia, social-ecological systems are in decline. Ecological restoration has been identified as a key process for reversing this decline, but the recovery of social-ecological systems following ecological restoration is rare. As ecological restoration is a social practice as much as it is a natural science practice, regulatory frameworks have a key role to play in either promoting or impeding recovery. This paper investigates how institutions in the regulatory space for ecological restoration approach recovery and identifies the drivers for regulatory instruments through a multi-level institutional analysis of three regulatory case studies across Australia. The findings from the institutional analysis demonstrate a paradox in the regulation of ecological restoration as it shows that the regulatory frameworks are actually contributing to low recovery rates. Ecological restoration is often regulated by the same regulatory frameworks that regulate land degradation and the regulatory systems continue to articulate the value of land degrading activities, with ecological restoration a way of avoiding state liability. Drivers for regulatory reform are then often market orientated. These findings all demonstrate what has been called an environmental statehood; that is, the way in which modern states engage with social-ecological issues, only continues to reinforce land degradation.</div><div>The role of the state, state institutions and regulation is often overlooked in studies addressing socio-ecological resilience and adaptation, despite the central role of these institutions in the management of socio-ecological systems. This paper adds to the growing scholarship that addresses this research gap by contributing an empirically informed analysis of the regulation of ecological restoration in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102982"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable staining of microplastics using conjugated polymer nanoparticles","authors":"Hannah Peace, M. Broadsmith, Dermott O'Callaghan, D. Kaloudis, R. L. Coppock, Mark Green","doi":"10.1039/d5en00026b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00026b","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics are a recognised global pollutant, contaminating almost all aspects of our daily life, the detection of which primarily relies on visual inspection. The use of a stable and consistent imaging agent is therefore of paramount importance. In this report, we describe the use of conjugated polymer nanoparticles as staining agents, which can, in specific cases, provide a positive stain up to 30 months after initial marking.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Overview of Chemical Additives in Single-Use Polimeric Products: Functionality, Environmental Impact and the Analytical Greenness Assessment","authors":"Denys Pavlovskyi,&nbsp;Victoria Vorobyova","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07826-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07826-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review presents the first comparative analysis of functional chemical additives in various types of single-use plastics (SUPs). These plastics, commonly used in industries like packaging, food service, and healthcare, contain additives such as stabilizers, colorants, flame retardants, and plasticizers to enhance their flexibility, durability, and appearance. However, many of these additives are not chemically bonded to the polymer matrix and can leach out during the plastic's life cycle, posing risks to human health and the environment. The review explores the functional characteristics, mechanisms, and benefits of these additives, and highlights recent advances in bio-based and additive-free alternatives. The study also uses the AGREEMIP tool to assess the greenness of the synthesis processes for various SUP products, ranking them in the order of environmental safety: disposable plastic containers for hedgehogs &gt; disposable plastic dances &gt; disposable glasses and plates &gt; drinking straws and sticks &gt; plastic bags.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The left–right-handedness of the cylindrical spathe correlates with the phyllotactic spiral direction in Arisaema (Araceae)","authors":"Tetsuya K. Matsumoto,&nbsp;Kodai N. Sato,&nbsp;Junichi Ohno,&nbsp;Tokiyoshi Hiramatsu,&nbsp;Jin Murata","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01973-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01973-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A left–right asymmetry of plants has attracted attention in various study areas (e.g., developmental biology, ethology, and evolutionary biology); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the genus <i>Arisaema</i> (Araceae), each plant possesses a cylindrical spathe that exhibits the left–right-handedness in the folding direction. As the spathe is a modified leaf, a phyllotactic spiral (clockwise or counter-clockwise directions) in vegetative organs may affect this dimorphism. In this study, we aimed to examine (1) interannual changes in the spathe folding direction in the same individuals, (2) the effect of phyllotactic spirals on the left–right-handedness of the spathe, (3) the abundance ratio of left- and right-folded spathes in several <i>Arisaema</i> species, and (4) the relationship between the coiling direction of young folded leaves and phyllotactic spirals in other aroid genera. The spathe folding direction changed annually and was significantly related to the phyllotactic spiral direction. The left–right-handedness prevailed among the 27 tested <i>Arisaema</i> species, and frequencies of left- and right-folded spathes were mostly similar. In the five aroid genera, the phyllotaxis was clearly correlated with the leaf coiling direction. These results imply that the phyllotactic spiral affects the spathe folding direction of <i>Arisaema</i> and the leaf coiling direction of aroids. Considering developmental studies on asymmetric leaves in other taxa, the left–right-handedness of the spathe in <i>Arisaema</i> is possibly a consequence of the phyllotactic pattern formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Natural Colloids on Am(III) Adsorption Onto Sediments During Batch and Stirred Flow-Through Experiments","authors":"Ke Chen,&nbsp;Jun Zhu,&nbsp;Qiulan Zhang,&nbsp;Jingli Shao,&nbsp;Yali Cui,&nbsp;Aiming Zhang,&nbsp;Song Yang,&nbsp;Kai Liu,&nbsp;Shouchuan Zhang,&nbsp;Liangjie Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07812-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07812-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exploring the kinetic adsorption and desorption of Americium (Am(III)) on sediments and natural colloids can effectively predict its solid–liquid distribution behavior in the environment. In this study, we used batch and stirred flow-through experiments to describe the kinetic adsorption and desorption process of Am(III) on Am(III)-sediments (AS) system and Am(III)-sediments-natural colloids (ASN) system under different conditions (such as solution pH, background electrolyte concentration, and solution injection velocity). The retention and desorption behavior of Am(III) was analyzed through adsorption distribution coefficients and breakthrough curves. The kinetic adsorption process was described using reaction and transport control models. The results showed that in the batch adsorption experiment, the presence of natural colloids significantly increased the adsorption distribution coefficient of the ASN system (249.11—2512.74 mL/g) compared to the AS system (233.05—447.29 mL/g). The retention of Am(III) in the stirred flow-through reactor in AS (70.26% - 73.64%) and ASN (74.13% - 76.25%) systems is relatively high under neutral and low flow rate conditions, which is attributed to the strong adsorption ability of dispersed and stable natural colloids and the sufficient adsorption time provided by low velocity. According to the fitted results of the models, it can be seen that physical reactions such as surface precipitation or surface complexation, as well as diffusion of the liquid surrounding the solid-phase adsorbent, dominate the kinetic adsorption process, which is time-dependent or non-equilibrium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic-Activated Carbon Fabric for Removal of Copper and Cadmium Ions: Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies","authors":"Sepideh Kazemi Moghadam,&nbsp;Fatemeh Dadashian,&nbsp;Majid Montazer,&nbsp;Mohammad Abedi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the first report on improving activated carbon fabric (ACF) as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals. Magnetic-activated carbon fabric (MACF) was synthesized from waste cotton fabric using a sonosynthesis method with iron salt for removing Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions. MACFs were characterized with BET, FT-IR, and VSM methods. Optimal conditions for ions removal were pH = 4 for 50 mg L⁻¹ initial concentration of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ with 1.5 g L⁻¹ MACF at 20 ± 1 °C and 200 rpm for 1 h. The equilibrium data of adsorption thermodynamics, isotherms, and kinetics of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ using MACF was investigated. The highest regression values of 0.9998 and 0.9750 were obtained by the Langmuir model among other models for adsorption isotherm using MAFC for Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ respectively. MACF revealed a higher metal removal of 99.2% for Cu²⁺ and 94.9% for Cd²⁺ for both ions compared to 32% for Cu²⁺ and 28% for Cd²⁺ using ACF. The results indicate that MACF shows superior performance/cost-effective in removing heavy metal ions compared to granules and powder-activated carbons, which can be easily prepared in different dimensions and removed from the filter/environment, making it a promising alternative for applications requiring enhanced heavy/toxic metal removal from any solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding behaviour, visual communication and male combat of Philothamnus occidentalis and Philothamnus natalensis","authors":"Kirsty J. Kyle,&nbsp;Colleen T. Downs","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01972-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01972-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Western Natal green snakes (<i>Philothamnus occidentalis</i>) are a relatively common and widely distributed snake across the eastern half of South Africa. Little is known about their reproduction other than information that has been gleaned from others in the genus. We document several separate cases of communal breeding, as well as both aggressive and reproductive visual communication, all of which are new information for this species. This study also documents a breeding event for the eastern Natal green snake (<i>Philothamnus natalensis</i>), which shows different behaviours supporting the recent species split.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-025-01972-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic Pollutants and Potentially Toxic Elements in the Neretva Delta Sediments (Eastern Adriatic Basin, Croatia)","authors":"Ivana Jakovljević,&nbsp;Sanja Stipičević,&nbsp;Snježana Herceg Romanić,&nbsp;Gordana Mendaš,&nbsp;Sanja Fingler,&nbsp;Goran Jakšić,&nbsp;Gordana Pehnec,&nbsp;Aleksandar Popović,&nbsp;LJiljana Miličić,&nbsp;Tijana Milićević","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07819-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07819-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study presents initial findings regarding the occurrence and ecological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides (OCP), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the Neretva Delta sediments, including 28 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) considering limited element studies. Parameters such as solvent type, temperature and number of extraction cycles were optimized for the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of PAH from brackish sediment samples. Mixture of cyclohexene: toluene (3:7, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) and four extraction cycles at 125 °C provide efficient extraction with recoveries ranged from 86 to 115% and relative standard deviation lower than 19%. Based on the proposed sediment and environmental quality screening standards, levels at all sampling sites may be considered as rare (PCB, OCP) or occasional (certain PAH) risk to aquatic life. The sediment-associated levels generally decreased in the order of contaminant groups: PAH &gt; &gt; PCB &gt; OCP. The 28 PTEs decreased in the following order: Ca &gt; Mg &gt; Al &gt; Fe &gt; S &gt; K &gt; Si &gt; Na &gt; P &gt; Ti &gt; Mn &gt; Sr &gt; Zn &gt; Sb &gt; Cr &gt; Ba &gt; B &gt; Ga &gt; V &gt; Cu &gt; Pb &gt; Li &gt; Ni &gt; As &gt; Mo &gt; Sn &gt; Cd &gt; Be. Specifically, elevated levels of As, Cd, and Mo suggest potential environmental risks, warranting further detailed monitoring and assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly(lactic acid) nanoplastics through laser ablation: Establishing a reference model for mimicking biobased nanoplastics in aquatic environments.","authors":"Malavika Manjusudheer, Arezou Fazli, Stefania Sganga, Nicola Tirelli, Riccardo Carzino, MARINA VERONESI, Kirill Khabarov, Athanassia Athanassiou, Despina Fragouli","doi":"10.1039/d4en00891j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00891j","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the well-documented negative environmental impacts of conventional plastics, the use of bioplastics has been increasing. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is currently among the most common and industrially available bioplastics. Although PLA is compostable under industrial conditions and generally degrades more quickly than conventional plastics, its breakdown in typical environmental settings remains problematic. PLA’s potential to contribute to plastic pollution through the release of microplastics and nanoplastics makes it crucial to understand how these particles behave, especially in marine environments. However, as for all nanoplastics, identifying, isolating, and quantifying PLA nanoplastics in water presents significant challenges. This study proposes a versatile approach to fabricate PLA nanoplastics through laser ablation in a water environment to mimic real-world samples. Commencing with bulk PLA films, this top-down method yields the formation of nanoplastics with an average diameter of 54.7 ± 26.7 nm. Surface and chemical analyses confirm the presence of carboxylic groups on their surface, potentially resembling the environmental degradation pathway of PLA under exposure to sunlight and humid environments. This indicates that the proposed process results in a PLA nanoplastics system that serves as an invaluable reference model, enabling realistic environmental scenario explorations and simulations for risk assessment evaluations on bio-based nanoplastics.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143486550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Fractionation, and Human Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Urban Soils of Different Land use Types","authors":"Ishan Singh,&nbsp;Pradip S. Jadhao,&nbsp;A. Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07817-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07817-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, surface soil samples from Nagpur city, India, were studied for the fractionation of potentially toxic metals using a modified European Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure (SEP). The results indicated that the metals Cd, Pb, Co, and Zn showed substantial associations with the mobile fraction (F1: soluble + F2: reducible). The mobile fraction of the metals followed the order Cd (73%) &gt; Pb (47%) &gt; Co (29%) &gt; Zn (25%). The metals Cr, Cu, and Ni were predominantly associated with the residual fraction (F4), suggesting their geological origin, whereas Zn and Co were distributed across all fractions, with higher concentrations in the oxidizable and residual fractions (F3). The ecological risk assessment revealed that Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb posed greater risks in industrial and residential areas, indicating that industrial and anthropogenic activities were the primary sources of heavy metals. The chronic toxic risk to children, i.e., the hazard quotient (HQ) of heavy metals (∑₆HM), exceeded the threshold limit for ingestion and dermal routes in residential and commercial areas, respectively, whereas for adults, the HQ was closer to the threshold limit of 1 (5.13 × 10^–1). The cumulative carcinogenic risk for children and adults was unacceptable (&gt; 1 × 10^–4) and attributed to the relatively high levels of Cd, Cr, and Pb in soils. These findings underscore the need for risk reduction measures to safeguard human health and reduce the ecological impact of heavy metal pollution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}