环境•农林最新文献

{"title":"Predicting Heavy Metal Accumulation in Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa L.) Using Soil Properties: A Study of Plants Grown in Agricultural Soils Amended with Varying Levels of Biosolid","authors":"Arwa A. AL-Huqail,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar,&nbsp;Mohamed T. Ahmed,&nbsp;Ebrahem M. Eid","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07900-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07900-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biosolids, a byproduct of wastewater treatment, are often used as organic amendments in agricultural soils. However, the potential for heavy metal contamination of crops grown in biosolid-supplemented soils is a concern for food safety and environmental protection. The present study aimed to develop predictive models to evaluate the uptake of eight heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) by the shoots and roots of turnip (<i>Brassica rapa</i> var. <i>rapa</i> L.) grown in soil mixed with varying concentrations of biosolid (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg). The concentrations of heavy metals were significantly different (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05/0.01/0.001) between the root and shoot tissues of the turnips, except for Cd (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), indicating varying degrees of uptake by the different plant parts. Pearson correlation analysis (<i>r</i>-values) showed that soil properties had a strong influence on the bioconcentration and translocation factors of heavy metals in the turnips. The generated predictive equations can be used to estimate the concentrations of heavy metals in the shoots and roots of turnips grown in biosolid-amended soils, considering soil pH, organic matter, electrical conductivity, and heavy metal concentrations as independent factors. The feasibility of the model equations was confirmed by high <i>R</i>^<i>2</i> values (0.536 to 0.938 for shoots, and 0.504 to 0.787 for roots) and model efficiency (ME) values (0.512 to 0.949 for shoots, and 0.468 to 0.787 for roots). Furthermore, the results of Student’s <i>t</i>-tests (unpaired two-tailed) showed no statistically significant differences between the experimentally observed and predicted heavy metal concentrations in the shoot and root systems of the turnip plants. This study provides a predictive framework for assessing heavy metal uptake by turnips in biosolid-amended soils, facilitating biomonitoring efforts, and informing regulatory guidelines to ensure safe biosolid application rates that minimize risks to food safety and soil health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionic Liquid Dispersion Liquid Liquid Microextraction Phthalates From Sewage Coupled With High Performance Liquid Chromatography Detection","authors":"Xiaojing Chen,&nbsp;Fengxia Qiao,&nbsp;Huizhen Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07897-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07897-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study presents a green and efficient approach for the determination of phthalates, such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), in sewage water. The method combines dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detection, utilizing ionic liquids, specifically [C₆MIM]PF₆, as environmentally friendly extraction solvents, and methanol as the dispersant. Through optimization of parameters, including extractive solvent volume and kind, dispersive solvent selection, and salt influence, the method demonstrates exceptional sensitivity and selectivity. Validation studies confirm its analytical robustness, with low limits of detection, high precision, and successful avoidance of matrix interferences. Application to real industry sewage samples from one sewage outfall reveals elevated DEP and DBP detection levels, highlighting the method's efficacy in monitoring environmental pollution. Good linearity of DEP and DBP in the range of 0.200–180.00 μg/mL (R²: 0.9999) could be obtained. The spiked recoveries of DEP and DBP were in a range of 90.23%-95.11% and 91.18%-107.4% (RSD ≤ 5.34) with the detection limits of 0.0053 μg/mL and 0.0094 μg/mL respectively. The choice of ionic liquids aligns with green analytical chemistry principles, contributing to sustainable and eco-friendly analytical methodologies. In conclusion, the developed DLLME-HPLC method stands as a promising tool for rapid, efficient, and environmentally conscious determination of trace-level phthalates in complex environmental matrices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multifaceted Approach Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk in Tea Garden Soils: Insight Through Hot-Spot Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"Riddhi Basu,&nbsp;Sonali Banerjee,&nbsp;Saibal Ghosh,&nbsp;Gourav Mondal,&nbsp;Sumit Kumar,&nbsp;Jajati Mandal,&nbsp;Pradip Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07911-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07911-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tea is globally esteemed for its economic worth and health benefits, yet heavy metal (HMs) pollution in tea garden soil poses a severe threat to the environment. Implementing multimodal statistical approach, the current study has provided insight into contaminations, risk indices, and health hazards associated with HMs pollution in tea soil. 100 surface soil (0–15 cm) samples were collected from four geographically distinct zones, i.e., zone 1 (North Dinajpur), zone 2 (Cooch Behar), zone 3 (Jalpaiguri), and zone 4 (Darjeeling). The findings revealed that the total HMs concentration exceeded permissible limits in all four zones, highlighting zone 1 as the most contaminated area with a pollution index of 2.06 and a contamination index of 5.06. The acidic pH (3.91–5.08) was identified as a crucial factor causing the accumulation of HMs in the soil. The health risk indices showed that exposure to Cr, Ni, and Pb had a more detrimental impact on children than adults, with the risk progressively reducing from zone 1 to zone 4. The Monte Carlo simulations model with sensitivity analysis identified the ingestion pathway to be the chief contributor as the chief carcinogenic risk contributor. Positive matrix factorization and self-organizing maps revealed Cr, Ni, and Pb as major pollutants in tea plantation soils, stemming from lithogenic and anthropogenic activities. Hotspot analysis aided with geostatistical approaches identified locations with elevated levels of HMs pollution. The findings from machine-learning approaches will offer insights into pollution levels in tea gardens, assisting researchers in implementing effective mitigation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acaricidal activity of geraniol-loaded lignin nanoparticles for the control of Brevipalpus chilensis: an eco-friendly approach to crop protection","authors":"Natalia Juica, Gonzalo Bustos, Sindy Devis, Carolina Klagges, Nicolas Oneto, Jeffri S. Retamal, Luis Constandil","doi":"10.1039/d5en00155b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00155b","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental pollution and health risks associated with synthetic pesticides have driven increasing interest in plant-derived biopesticides like geraniol. However, their practical application is limited by high volatility and low solubility. In this study, lignin nanoparticles were used as a carrier system to enhance the stability and acaricidal efficacy of geraniol against Brevipalpus chilensis. The nanoprecipitation process enabled the synthesis of spherical geraniol-loaded lignin nanoparticles with an average size of 200 ± 27.2 nm, a surface charge of −29± 3.9 mV and an encapsulation efficiency of 46.5%. The release profile of encapsulated geraniol was assessed, and UV exposure assays demonstrated significantly improved stability compared to free geraniol. Bioassays revealed significantly higher mortality rates of Brevipalpus chilensis when treated with geraniol-loaded nanoparticles compared to free geraniol, highlighting the enhanced efficacy of the encapsulated compound. Additionally, nanoparticle formulations exhibited low cytotoxicity in HeLa cells. Overall, this study underscores the potential of lignin nanoparticles as a promising delivery system for optimizing biopesticide formulations in sustainable agriculture","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Treatment of Solar Septic Tank Effluents in Small-Scale Constructed Wetlands: Insights into Microbial Community","authors":"Thammarat Koottatep,&nbsp;Tatchai Pussayanavin,&nbsp;Sopida Khamyai,&nbsp;Chongrak Polprasert","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07903-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07903-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Constructed wetlands (CW) represent a promising technology for wastewater treatment, particularly in urban areas of developing countries. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of modified constructed wetlands (mCW) in meeting desired treatment standards, yet further investigation into their pollutant removal mechanisms is essential. Microbial communities within CWs play a pivotal role in pollutant degradation and removal, orchestrating vital processes such as decomposition, nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. This study aimed to characterize microbial communities within the layers of small-scale mCWs, elucidating their roles in pollutant treatment. Results indicated remarkable efficiencies in contaminant removal, with total chemincal oxygen demand (TCOD) and biological oxygndemard (BOD₅) removal rates averaging approximately 72.7% and 87.6%, respectively, and nutrient parameters achieving removal efficiencies of 87.2—88.9%. Microbial analysis revealed Proteobacteria as the predominant phylum across all samples, showcasing diverse metabolic capabilities essential for wastewater remediation. Notably, Nitrospirae emerged as a dominant phylum, indicating consistent microbial activity throughout the CW system. These findings underscore the efficacy of small-scale mCWs in promoting efficient pollutant removal and highlighting the critical role of microbial communities in enhancing wastewater treatment processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-07903-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of disruption in intestinal barrier function during transgenerational process on nanoplastic toxicity induction in Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"Yuxing Wang, Dayong Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5en00149h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00149h","url":null,"abstract":"After exposure at parental generation (P0-G), nanoplastics can induce transgenerational toxicity. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether change in intestinal barrier function during transgenerational process affects the induction of nanoplastic toxicity. In the current study, polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-NP) was used as an example of nanoplastics. PS-NP (1 and 10 μg/L) caused transgenerational toxicity on locomotion behavior, brood size, and intestinal permeability. After exposure to PS-NP (1 and 10 μg/L) at P0-G, PS-NP accumulation was only observed at both P0-G and F1-G. RNA interference (RNAi) of acs-22 caused enhanced intestinal permeability, and PS-NP (10 μg/L) induced suppression in acs-22 expression from P0-G to F3-G. After RNAi of acs-22 at P0-G and F1-G, transgenerational toxicity of PS-NP (10 μg/L) was prolonged by more than two generations, and transgenerational PS-NP accumulation was prolonged till to F2-G. After RNAi of acs-22 at F2-G, transgenerational toxicity of PS-NP (10 μg/L) could be extended by more than two generations. Moreover, RNAi of acs-22 at F4-G caused extension of transgenerational PS-NP (10 μg/L) toxicity till to F5-G. Therefore, transgenerational toxicity of nanoplastics can be affected by disrupted intestinal barrier function induced by acs-22 RNAi during transgenerational process in organisms.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniofacial lesions in the earliest predatory dinosaurs indicate intraspecific agonistic behaviour at the dawn of the dinosaur era","authors":"Mauricio S. Garcia,&nbsp;Ricardo N. Martínez,&nbsp;Rodrigo T. Müller","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01978-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01978-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herrerasauridae were among the first large carnivorous dinosaurs. Although their anatomy and phylogenetic relationships have been previously studied, little is known about their paleobiology. Bone pathologies provide clues about the behaviour of ancient organisms, and this study evaluates presumed craniofacial pathologies in herrerasaurid specimens to infer their etiology and implications. Our analysis reveals that the craniofacial marks analysed are most likely pathological in nature and possibly result from intraspecific agonistic interactions, rather than post-mortem alterations. The relatively high frequency of lesions identified supports this claim. In the sample of herrerasaurids with preserved skulls analysed, nearly half presented craniofacial lesions. The bone traumas identified here are the oldest evidence of pathology in dinosaurs. Identification and analysis of pathologies in early dinosaurs can provide insights into their paleobiology and evolution of behavioural characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid decline of male honey bees in summer: the potential impact of Japanese barn swallows on high male loss","authors":"Shinya Hayashi,&nbsp;Takeyuki Suematsu,&nbsp;Tsunao Itoh","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01979-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01979-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the population size of eusocial hymenopteran insects, particular emphasis is placed on evaluating the number of reproductive female individuals (queen). However, male production also accounts for a substantial part of the reproductive output of a colony. The number of breeding males in the mating population plays a vital role in the health of a colony and, ultimately, a population size by influencing the mating status of the queen. The lifespan of male honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) varies considerably, influencing their dynamics in a population. However, studies on the factors that cause male mortality are limited. This study evaluated the cohort survival of male honey bees and the relationship between the activity of males and Japanese barn swallows <i>(Hirundo rustica gutturalis</i>), a potential predator that significantly influences male honey bee survival. The majority of male loss in colonies was observed around the ages when flight was first initiated, particularly in the summer. Swallows frequently visited the apiary in the afternoon and preyed on the bees. The daily activity of swallows was closely linked to the activity of male honey bees, which was high in the summer. A hazard model analysis revealed that the risk of male honey bee loss increased by approximately 40% with an increasing number of swallows. The observed significant relationship between swallows and males presents the possibility that swallows are key factors causing the high loss of males during summer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Antibiotic and Cadmium Resistance Patterns in Non‑fermentative Gram‑Negative Bacilli Isolated from Hospital and Urban Wastewater","authors":"Zineb Mansouri,&nbsp;Yamina Benmalek,&nbsp;Mounira Korichi‑Ouar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07889-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07889-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Release of ice-nucleating particles from leaves during rainfall","authors":"Franz Conen,&nbsp;Annika Einbock","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01980-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01980-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant surfaces are a major source of particles able to initiate ice formation in clouds little below 0 °C. Rainfall promotes the release of such ice-nucleating particles (INPs) from vegetation. However, the pattern of their release throughout rain events remains unexplored. Here, we investigate at a high temporal resolution INP dynamics in rain impacting and running off single leaflets of <i>Juglans regia</i> during two rain events and relate the results to total INP inventories on the leaflets. Throughout both events, leaf runoff was distinctly enriched in INPs as compared with rainwater. A large fraction of INPs washed off during rainfall was released already at the beginning of the events. Except for the highest temperature interval, less than 40% of detachable INPs from leaf surfaces had been removed after the rain events. We hypothesise that surfactant excretion of INP-producing bacteria shapes the observed pattern of release. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-025-01980-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}