Environmental Science: Nano最新文献

{"title":"Tracking toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on PGPR Bacillus megaterium in the presence of melatonin","authors":"Gyan Datta Tripathi, Zoya Javed, Kavya Dashora","doi":"10.1039/d5en00300h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00300h","url":null,"abstract":"The application and accumulation of CuO NPs in the soil may adversely affect the soil microbial community and limit its functional properties. Thus, researchers have tried to mitigate the toxicity of CuO NPs by investigating their underlying mechanisms. However, a detailed mechanism has not been adequately reported to date. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contact-mode toxicity are possible reasons for the toxicity of CuO NPs. Herein, we propose the use of melatonin as a mitigating agent for CuO-mediated toxicity due to its ROS neutralization potential. The present study showed that melatonin can reduce the toxicity of CuO NPs on isolated PGPR <em>B. megaterium</em>. Disc diffusion results demonstrated a decrease in the zone of clearance after adding melatonin at a particular concentration, which was significantly observed with CuO NPs (0.1 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small> and 1 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>). Changes in the morphology and the cell envelope during the mid-log phase were observed <em>via</em> TEM analysis. Furthermore, the application of melatonin in the IAA production medium inhibited the reduction in IAA production, which was observed earlier due to the presence of CuO NPs in the medium. Additionally, the DCFH staining and live-dead analysis confirmed the potential of melatonin in reducing the toxicity of CuO NPs at specific concentrations (20 and 50 μM).","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient removal of Ofloxacin antibiotic from aqueous solution via CuCo modified Al-MCM-41: An experimental and theoretical study","authors":"Sadegh Karimi, Mohammad Javad Dianat, Atefeh Ghasemi, Ramon Martinez-Manez, Maryam Farrokhnia, Leila Abdollahi","doi":"10.1039/d5en00411j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00411j","url":null,"abstract":"We explore therein the efficient removal of Ofloxacin (OFL), a prevalent fluoroquinolone antibiotic, from aqueous solutions utilizing CuCo-modified Al-MCM-41 as innovative adsorbent. Through a combination of experimental and theoretical methodologies, the adsorbents were characterized, and their performance in OFL adsorption analyzed. Characterization techniques, including XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, SEM, and EDS, confirmed the successful incorporation of Copper and Cobalt into the mesoporous structure of Al-MCM-41, enhancing the material's adsorption capacity compared to monometallic systems. Adsorption studies revealed that the optimal Cu:Co ratio (7:3) achieved 90.77% removal efficiency at neutral pH. Kinetic modeling identified a two- stage process best described by a pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, while equilibrium data conformed to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm. Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies provided insights into the adsorption mechanism, revealing synergistic effects of Cu and Co on OFL interaction and electronic property modulation of the adsorbent. A removal efficiency of 588 mg/g for OFL demonstrated the strong feasibility of this adsorbent for wastewater treatments. This cost-effective, scalable adsorbent offers a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment, reducing antibiotic pollution, combating resistance, and supporting cleaner water resources—key goals in sustainable resource management.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron oxide nanoparticles as effective nano-fertilizer for alleviating arsenic toxicity in barley: physiological and molecular mechanisms","authors":"Ameer Khan, Muhammad Shahzad, Farah Kanwal, Tagarika Munyaradzi Maruza, Mingjiong Chen, Guoping Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d5en00002e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00002e","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic (As) contamination in soils posed a significant threat to sustainable agriculture and food safety. The application of metal nanoparticle (MNP) technology in alleviating heavy metal toxicity is an emerging and promising field. However, little has been known about the effect of FeO-NPs in alleviating As toxicity and accumulation in plants. In this study we examined the roles of FeO-NPs in promoting barley growth and alleviating As toxicity. Exposure of plants to As stress (100 μM As) severely reduced growth and photosynthesis, and also caused disorder of other physiological traits, including enhanced oxidative stress and nutrient imbalance. Addition of FeO-NPs (20 and 100 mg L-1) into the nutrient solution containing As significantly alleviated As toxicity of the two barley genotypes, mainly reflected by better plant growth, higher photosynthetic rate, and lower AOS (active oxygen species) content. As toxicity and genotypic difference between BCS-158 (As tolerant) and BCS-016, As sensitive) are closed related to As uptake and accumulation in plant tissues, with BCS-158 having lower As concentrations in both roots and shoots than BCS-016. Addition of FeO-NPs dramatically reduced As uptake and accumulation in the plants exposed to As treatment, thus resulting in alleviation of As toxicity. The reduction of As uptake and accumulation in the plants subjected to FeO-NPs is attributed to upregulating expression of iron transporter genes (HvIRT1 and HvIRT2) and suppressing expression of arsenic transporter genes (HvLsi1 and HvLsi2). The current results show the potential of FeO-NPs application in As-contaminated soils for improving crop production and food safety, but more research should be done to evaluate its ecological risk and determine the optimal doses before they are efficiently applied in crop production.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metals enhance the deposition of clay colloids on silica surfaces via heterogeneous pathways","authors":"Yuanqi Fu, Heng Wang, Yuting Zhou, Lijuan Zeng, Feng Jiang, Xiaofei Li, Xiaohu Jin, Lijuan Zhang, Xiaoyun Yi, Zhi Dang","doi":"10.1039/d4en01122h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01122h","url":null,"abstract":"Clay colloids, abundant in aquatic environments, can affect the migration of heavy metals, but knowledge on their deposition and release on environmental solid surfaces is incomplete. Here, the deposition and release of montmorillonite colloids (MONTs) on the silica surface was investigated in the presence of heavy metal (HM) ions. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) test showed that MONT deposition onto silica is affected by the positive charge of MONT edges, whereby a low pH and a high ionic strength are conducive to this deposition. Deposition mainly occurred in the face-plane mode and this was reversible. HMs promoted deposition more strongly than Na<small>⁺</small>, Mg<small>²⁺</small>, or Ca<small>²⁺</small>. The bonding stability between MONT edges and the silica surface was so strongly enhanced by HM bridging that the deposition was irreversible. Density functional theory simulation revealed that the MONT edge (010) was more easily attached to the silica surface than the MONT surface (001). The adsorption energy of MONT edges on the silica surface increase with HM bridging and increased with heavy metal electronegative values. This work revealed how HMs favor the deposition of clay colloids onto silica and highlights the importance of heavy metal properties in the retention, thereby contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the migration and fate of HMs related to clay colloids.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to decipher the regulatory mechanisms of polystyrene nanoplastic-induced metabolic disorders in hepatocytes","authors":"Yuting Fang, Yukang Zhang, Tingting Wei, Huraira Akhtar, Yuqing Song, Yajie Wang, Man Yang, Rongzhang Hao, Yanbo Li, Zhiwei Sun, Ji Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5en00161g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00161g","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) pollution is a pervasive and growing problem, posing potential health risks to humans. MNPs enter the human body mainly through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. They accumulate in the liver <em>via</em> the circulatory system and disrupt hepatic metabolism. However, the potential mechanisms underlying metabolic dysfunction caused by MNPs in the liver remain poorly understood. In the present study, integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were used to address the regulatory mechanisms of polystyrene nanoplastic (PSNP)-induced metabolic disorders in hepatocytes. First, transcriptomic analysis demonstrated the enriched pathways related to fatty acid degradation, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism and identified the involved critical genes (<em>ANGPTL4</em>, <em>ACSBG1</em>, <em>CPT1A</em>, <em>ACADVL</em>, <em>PSAT1</em>, and <em>PHGDH</em>). Subsequent metabolomic analysis indicated that PSNPs induced metabolic dysfunction by altering vital metabolites, mainly those of lipids (monoacylglycerols, fatty acids, sterol lipids, and glycerophospholipids) and amino acids (tyrosine, ethanolamine, and phenylalanine). Finally, integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis manifested that PSNPs disrupted lipid (ether lipid, arachidonic acid, glycerophospholipid, and linoleic acid) and amino acid (phenylalanine, glycine, serine, and threonine) metabolism. In addition, the validated key genes (<em>HMGCS2</em>, <em>ANGPTL4</em>, <em>ACSBG1</em>, <em>CPT1A</em>, <em>ACADVL</em>, <em>MAOA</em>, <em>COMT</em>, <em>PSAT1</em>, and <em>PHGDH</em>) might contribute to PSNP-induced metabolic disorders. This study brings new perspectives to the underlying mechanism of PSNP-induced metabolic disorders in hepatocytes. It will help manage the health risk assessment of MNPs and improve public and planetary health.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper tungstate nanoparticles for the selective electrochemical detection of organophosphate pesticide","authors":"Umesh Narasimha Murthy, Sriram Balasubramanian, Alongkorn Pimpin, Nattapol Damrongplasit, Sea-Fue Wang, Werayut Srituravanich","doi":"10.1039/d5en00538h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00538h","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphorus pesticides are now widely used, and their consequences on public health are significant. In this work, unique copper tungstate nanoparticles (CuWO4 NPs) were successfully constructed and utilized to generate a modified electrode for selective and sensitive ethyl parathion determination. The as-prepared CuWO4 NPs were effectively analyzed using XRD, FTIR, and TEM, which confirmed their compositional and morphological advantages. The newly developed CuWO4 NPs possess a unique property that enhances electrocatalytic activity via rapid mass transport, several active sites, and increased conductivity. The modified electrode performed well as an electrochemical sensor for detecting ethyl parathion. It had a wide linear range (0.001–790.4 μM), low detection limit (0.0015 µM, S/N = 3), and strong anti-interference abilities. Owing to the rapid electron transport and specific ion adsorption, the developed sensor was also extremely stable and reproducible. This research suggests a viable technique for developing an enhanced ethyl parathion sensor with potential uses in detecting EP in real-world samples.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-nanotechnology: Phyto essential oil-based pest control for stored products","authors":"Samyuktha SS, Kannan Malaichamy, Madesh Kamalakannan, M. Vishnu, Soundararajan RP, T. Anand, Raghu R, Govindaraju Kasivelu","doi":"10.1039/d5en00397k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00397k","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global population prompts us to increase food production, highlighting the need to address post-harvest losses. A significant contributor to these losses is storage pests, sparticularly insect infestations in grains, accounting for substantial economic and qualitative impairments. Conventional pest management methods, while offering modest improvements, pose environmental risks in higher amounts. Essential oils (EOs) from natural sources emerge as an alternative to synthetic pesticides in the storage of grains and seeds of the crops. Introduction of nanotechnological tools offers innovative solutions to overcome limitations, which enhance the stability, longevity and persistence of insecticidal phyto-molecules in EO. Nanoscale carrier materials (polymeric NPs such as CS, cellulose acetate, PEI, PLGA, PLL, dendrimers, nanosphere, micelle, liposome, polymersome and mesoporous nanomaterials such as SiO2, CaO, ZnO, TiO2, MgO, Mg (OH)2, zeolite, carbon tubes, graphene oxides, MOFs) protect EOs from degradation factors such as heat, light, and oxidation, ensure prolonged bio-efficacy, and revolutionise pest management strategies. The innate characteristics of EOs disrupt insect physiology through various modes of action, including interference with metabolic processes and neurotoxic effects like inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, GABA receptors, octopamine receptors and anti-detoxification enzymes. Nanotechnology augments the properties of EO, manipulation at the nanoscale, thereby enhancing the EO delivery and efficacy. Nano-based formulations such as nanogels, nano-emulsions, and nanoparticles, offer selectivity, targeted release, prolonged persistence and control. This approach signifies a pivotal step towards insect pest management for food security and minimizing environmental impact, heralding a sustainable future for global agriculture.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced immobilization of sorbed Pb and Cr during the Fe(II)-catalyzed transformation of ferrihydrite","authors":"Zhongkuan Wu, Chaojun Wang, Bruno Lanson, Wenbo Dong, Jiarui Jian, Feiting Yu, BinBin Wang, Haowen Zou, Bo Chen, Rui Sun, Feng He","doi":"10.1039/d5en00241a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00241a","url":null,"abstract":"The secondary mineralization of metastable iron (oxyhydr)oxides into thermodynamically stable ones occurring in soil–water interface and sediment mediates the transport of pre-associated trace metal elements (and of other pollutants) in surficial environments. However, the fate of these associated metals and their impact during/on this mineralogical process remain incompletely understood. To address this question, we investigated the transformation of typical trace metal cation [Pb(<small>II</small>)] or anion [Cr(<small>VI</small>)O<small>₄</small><small>²⁻</small>] sorbed nanoscale ferrihydrite upon exposure to aqueous Fe(<small>II</small>). After 14 days of interaction, pre-sorbed Pb(<small>II</small>) modified marginally the extent of ferrihydrite conversion (∼93% <em>vs.</em> ∼94%), but did retard the formation of goethite (∼9% <em>vs.</em> ∼29%) by incorporating it into intermediates. In contrast, the transformation of Cr(<small>VI</small>)O<small>₄</small><small>²⁻</small> pre-sorbed ferrihydrite was essentially hindered (∼11%) owing to the formation of (FeO)<small>₂</small>CrO<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small> complex and less conductive Fe<small>_<em>x</em></small>Cr<small>_{1−<em>x</em>}</small>(OH)<small>₃</small> at the ferrihydrite surface. In all cases, the secondary mineralization of ferrihydrite significantly enhanced immobilization of sorbed metals (Pb/Cr release rate constant decreased by 99%/37%) owing to the formation of more stable iron (oxyhydr)oxides (<em>i.e.</em>, hematite, goethite, and lepidocrocite) partially incorporating pre-sorbed Pb(<small>II</small>) (&gt;24%), or to the formation of Fe<small>_<em>x</em></small>Cr<small>_{1−<em>x</em>}</small>(OH)<small>₃</small> and Cr<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> that are more resistant to acid corrosion than sorbed species. These findings offer valuable insights into the fate of typical trace metal elements during ferrihydrite transformation and contribute to the development of remediation strategies for metal contaminants.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of copper ions and their combination with nanoplastics on the aerobic denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri: denitrification performance, physiological and biochemical responses, and transcriptomic changes","authors":"Ze-yu Chen, Jian-wei Qu, Wei-le Meng, Miao-yi Tang, Xiao-wei Xu, Yue Zhi, You-peng Chen, Peng Yan, Fang Fang, Jin-song Guo","doi":"10.1039/d5en00310e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00310e","url":null,"abstract":"Aerobic denitrifying bacteria are effective for removing N from wastewater during treatment. However, Cu can disrupt enzyme activity and damage cell structures, thereby inhibiting this denitrification process. Nanoplastics (NPs) adsorbed with Cu may mitigate the inhibitory effects of Cu, although their impact on bacteria can vary based on the properties of NPs, such as surface charge. This study investigated the effects of Cu and two types of polystyrene NPs (PS NPs and PS-NH<small>₂</small> NPs) on the growth, N removal performance, and physiological responses of the aerobic denitrifying bacterium <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em>. The results revealed that exposure to 10 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> Cu reduced <em>P. stutzeri</em> growth by 83.2%, significantly inhibited nitrate removal and nitrate reductase activity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by 115.5%. The presence of 50 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> PS NPs partially mitigated the growth inhibition from Cu (∼5%). However, 50 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> PS-NH<small>₂</small> NPs did not alleviate this inhibitory effect of Cu. Under Cu stress, N metabolism-related genes were downregulated (FC &lt; 0.5), leading to a 27% decrease in N removal performance. Conversely, genes associated with energy metabolism, Cu resistance, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) synthesis, biofilm formation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging were upregulated (FC &gt; 2), thereby enhancing strain ability to withstand Cu stress. Co-exposure to both Cu and PS NPs increased the expression of N metabolism-related genes (FC &gt; 2), which improved N removal efficiency by 46%. This improvement can be attributed to the ability of PS NPs to adsorb some Cu and enhance EPS secretion by <em>P. stutzeri</em>, thereby reducing Cu influx. These findings provide new insights into the impacts of Cu and NP stress on aerobic denitrifying bacterial growth in natural environments.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-specific Responses of Duckweed to Cadmium Stress under Nanoplastic Co-exposure: Differential Accumulation and Toxicity in Roots and Fronds","authors":"Zhihao Xue, Xinyi Liao, Jie Hou, Jiang Xu, Daohui Lin","doi":"10.1039/d5en00432b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00432b","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoplastics (NPs), characterized by their small size and widespread presence, are known to interact with other contaminants, potentially modifying their environmental behavior and biological impacts. Herein, we explored the response of duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) to Cd (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 mg/L) stress upon co-exposure to polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) (0, 0.1, 1, 10 mg/L). Cd exhibits significantly higher toxicity to the duckweed compared to PS-NPs. Notably, the presence of PS-NPs exacerbates Cd toxicity in the roots, while mitigating its adverse effects on the fronds. In-situ analyses using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy demonstrate that PS-NPs enhance Cd accumulation in the root tips (by up to 19.3%) but reduce its presence in the basal root regions and further translocation to the fronds by up to 26.8%. Metabolomics and gene expression analyses further indicate that PS-NPs elevate organic acid contents and modify gene expressions in duckweed against exogenous Cd stress, thereby inhibiting the root-to-frond translocation of Cd. The findings enhance our comprehension of the complex interactions between NPs and environmental pollutants in aquatic flora.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}