Feixiong Chen*, Bahar Mostafiz, Johanna Suni and Emilia Peltola*,
{"title":"Electrochemical Design of Gold Nanostructures for Controllable Electrochemical Performance and Scalable Aptamer Sensing Application","authors":"Feixiong Chen*, Bahar Mostafiz, Johanna Suni and Emilia Peltola*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0096210.1021/acsanm.5c00962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00962https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00962","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A simple electrochemical method for designing gold nanostructures was developed by programming deposition potentials, enabling surface nanoengineering of screen-printed electrodes. As a result of this method, we have observed three distinct growth modes of gold nanostructures, which, depending on their various morphologies, are Needle-shaped gold nanostructures (one dimensionally dominated mode), leaf-shaped gold nanostructures (two-dimensionally dominated mode), and coral-shaped gold nanostructures (three-dimensionally dominated mode). All gold nanostructures exhibited an enhanced electrochemical response to the redox solution, improved reversibility, and reduced impedance, compared to the unmodified electrodes, albeit to varying degrees. We demonstrated the superior antifouling performance of the coral-shaped gold nanostructures in a redox solution containing bovine serum albumin, compared to other gold nanostructures. Finally, to assess another aspect of differences in the electrochemical sensing behaviors, we constructed an aptamer sensor for progesterone detection, where the needle-shaped gold nanostructures showed the highest signal gain using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, in comparison to that of leaf-shaped and coral-shaped gold nanostructures. We envision that the proposed method will potentially enable the design or fabrication of desirable gold nanostructures with increasingly complex or hierarchical structures, bearing promising applications in wide sensing and biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9812–9823 9812–9823"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsanm.5c00962","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gen Li, Xiuli Zhang, Wenhui Yang, Baicheng Liao, Xiaoli Chen, Nan Yu*, Liyong Chen* and Xuefu Hu*,
{"title":"2D Fe-hxl-UiO-67_SH/Au Nanosheets: Cascaded Nanozyme-Driven Chemodynamic Therapy Enhancement for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"Gen Li, Xiuli Zhang, Wenhui Yang, Baicheng Liao, Xiaoli Chen, Nan Yu*, Liyong Chen* and Xuefu Hu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0066410.1021/acsanm.5c00664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00664https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00664","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment by leveraging Fenton reactions to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, its therapeutic efficacy remains hindered by the limited endogenous H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the instability of catalytic metal ions. Here, we report the rational design of Fe-hxl-UiO-67_SH/Au nanosheets, a multifunctional nanoplatform that integrates glucose oxidase (GOx)-mimicking activity with peroxidase (POD)-like properties for enhanced CDT. The Fe-hxl-UiO-67_SH/Au nanosheets efficiently catalyze glucose oxidation to produce H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which subsequently undergoes a Fenton reaction to generate hydroxyl radicals (<sup>•</sup>OH), leading to lipid peroxide (LPO) accumulation and ferroptotic cell death. Furthermore, the incorporation of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) synergistically amplifies ROS production while stabilizing Fe species within the frameworks, ensuring sustained catalytic activity. In vitro studies demonstrate that Fe-hxl-UiO-67_SH/Au exhibits potent anticancer effects against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis through glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibition. This work presents a nanozyme-driven strategy for CDT enhancement, offering a promising approach for overcoming the limitations of traditional Fenton-based therapies and advancing cancer nanomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9643–9649 9643–9649"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacterial Cellulose/MXene-Based Actuators via Dual-Mechanism Synergism of Light and Wet for Remote Control","authors":"Yaqi Qin, Xuran Xu*, Xuebao Xiong, Luyu Yang* and Pengcheng Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0116010.1021/acsanm.5c01160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01160https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01160","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Smart actuating materials are widely used as components in smart sensors, soft robotics, and other applications due to their responsiveness to external stimuli, such as heat, light, magnetism, and humidity. However, the preparation of multiresponsive materials remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a multiresponsive MXene-based flexible actuator (MBC/PI). The actuator exhibits high actuation performance through a dual synergistic mechanism involving the humidity-responsive expansion of the bacterial cellulose (BC)/MXene composite layer (MBC) and the thermally induced expansion of polyethylenimine (PI). In the MBC layer, MXene acts as the skeleton, while bacterial cellulose acts as an enhancer, tightly bound through dopamine modification. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the photothermal effect of MXene rapidly converts light energy into heat, triggering localized water evaporation and subsequent contraction in the MBC layer. Concurrently, the PI substrate undergoes significant thermal expansion due to its high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). This dual-response mechanism enables the actuator to demonstrate a remarkable reversible actuation performance under near-infrared (NIR) light stimulation. In a humid environment, the maximum bending angle of the actuator can reach 170°, and a 60° bending deformation can be achieved in just 2 s. This work proposes a strategy for constructing infrared-driven actuators and provides ideas for further development of multiresponsive actuators and other intelligent materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9962–9971 9962–9971"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng Tao, Wei Guo, Jixiang Zhang*, Cui Liu*, Nian Li, Min Xi, Shudong Zhang* and Zhenyang Wang*,
{"title":"Integrated Solar-thermal Conversion, Heat Collection and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Fabrics: A Case Study of PEG@SiO2 Microcapsules Intercalated within MXene Interlayer Coatings","authors":"Meng Tao, Wei Guo, Jixiang Zhang*, Cui Liu*, Nian Li, Min Xi, Shudong Zhang* and Zhenyang Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0148010.1021/acsanm.5c01480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01480https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01480","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Composite fabrics with integrated photothermal conversion, heat collection, and antibacterial properties are urgently needed to enhance personal thermal management in northern cold regions. Herein, a designed sandwich-like structure, in which PEG@SiO<sub>2</sub> microcapsules were intercalated into the MXene interlayers (PEG@SiO<sub>2</sub>/MXene), was proposed to achieve the fast solar-thermal conversion and the surplus solar-generated heat storage and release and even further corresponding fabrics with antibacterial properties for the personal thermal management. Remarkably, the prepared PEG@SiO<sub>2</sub>/MXene (PSM) exhibited fast solar-to-heat conversion, followed-on heat storage ability, with an average temperature rising rate of 8.1 °C/min under one-sunlight irradiation and a phase change enthalpy of 155.7 J/g. Furthermore, under one-sunlight irradiation, the designed antibacterial composite fabrics with PSM coatings could greatly increase the local working temperature from 1 °C to 27.3 °C compared with the reference traditional cotton fabrics (from only 1 °C to 6.5 °C). This work provides a potential multifunctional composite material/fabric for the development of personal thermal management in outdoor sunlight applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"10056–10065 10056–10065"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenan Zhao, Yan Lv, Xueyan Wu, Jiaxin Li, Jixi Guo* and Dianzeng Jia*,
{"title":"Schottky Junctions Formed by MoNi Alloys and Molybdenum Carbide Quantum Dots on Hollow Carbon Nanospheres as Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysts","authors":"Kenan Zhao, Yan Lv, Xueyan Wu, Jiaxin Li, Jixi Guo* and Dianzeng Jia*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0155110.1021/acsanm.5c01551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01551https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01551","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of stable, low-cost catalysts with low overpotentials for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a necessary step in replacing expensive Pt-based catalysts for future energy revolution. In this study, we propose an interfacial engineering strategy to prepare a non-noble-metal-based catalyst with a Schottky junction formed between molybdenum–nickel alloys and molybdenum carbide quantum dots on N-doped carbon nanospheres (MoNi/MoC<sub><i>x</i></sub>/NCS). The strong interfacial interaction of the Schottky junction, combined with the interface coupling of the N-doped carbon support, adjusted the charge redistribution between Ni and Mo, optimized the d-band center, improved the charge/mass transfer dynamics, and significantly enhanced the hydrogen evolution performance of the MoNi/MoC<sub><i>x</i></sub>/NCS catalyst. It exhibits overpotentials of 77 and 166 mV to achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>, respectively, with a small Tafel slope of 54.1 mV dec<sup>–1</sup>. It shows superior cycling stability with no observable overpotential decay after 5000 cycles and exceptional stability at 40 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> for 100 h of continuous HER operation with negligible current attenuation. These results highlight the potential of the MoNi/MoC<sub><i>x</i></sub>/NCS catalyst as a highly efficient and stable non-noble-metal-based catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"10096–10103 10096–10103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hot-Injection Synthesis of Monodisperse π-SnS Nanocrystals","authors":"Thanyarat Phutthaphongloet, Ricky Dwi Septianto, Retno Miranti, Kiyohiro Adachi, Yuta Kubota, Daisuke Hashizume, Nobuhiro Matsushita*, Yoshihiro Iwasa and Satria Zulkarnaen Bisri*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0071010.1021/acsanm.5c00710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00710https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00710","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Tin chalcogenide nanocrystals (NCs), particularly tin(II) sulfide (SnS), hold promise for environmentally benign optoelectronic applications. However, challenges such as scalable synthesis, susceptibility to oxidation, and unclear reaction mechanisms hinder further research and limit the exploration of their electronic properties. This study presents a single ligand-controlled hot-injection strategy to synthesize monodisperse π-SnS NCs (4.7–8.5 nm) with unprecedented size uniformity and long-term stability (>1 year). By systematically optimizing precursor mole ratios (Sn/S up to 4:1) and adjusting solvent composition (reducing 1-octadecene (ODE) volume to ≤1.84 mL), we achieved narrow size distributions (standard deviation of 0.4–0.7 nm) and suppressed phase impurities, overcoming the limitations of conventional hot-injection methods that rely on multiple ligands. The synthesis advances demonstrated optoelectronic properties: size-dependent quantum confinement (band gap tuning via NC diameter) and <i>p</i>-type behavior in NC thin films treated with ligand 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT). These findings provide a scalable, single-ligand synthesis framework for π-SnS NCs, resolving challenges in reproducibility and stability while opening pathways for eco-friendly NC-based electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9702–9710 9702–9710"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clément Maheu*, Vincent Vandalon, Miika Mattinen, Thomas Mayer, Ageeth A. Bol* and Jan P. Hofmann*,
{"title":"p-Type Al-Doped MoS2 Nanosheet Films: Electronic and Chemical Interface Properties with Gold for Electronic Device Integration","authors":"Clément Maheu*, Vincent Vandalon, Miika Mattinen, Thomas Mayer, Ageeth A. Bol* and Jan P. Hofmann*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0045010.1021/acsanm.5c00450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00450https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00450","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-performance optoelectronic devices based on two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides require precise control of the intrinsic and interfacial properties with metallic contacts. We studied aluminum doping and its effect on the chemical and electronic properties of MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheet films prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD). We combined photoelectron (XPS/UPS) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopies, revealing that Al introduction decreases the Fermi level-to-valence band energy difference of MoS<sub>2</sub> from 0.61 to 0.04 eV and suppresses Au sputtering damage. Stepwise Au sputtering on MoS<sub>2</sub> films reveals chemical modifications in the undoped nanosheets, whereas Al doping stabilizes the material, preventing such an alteration. These findings highlight the potential of Al doping not only for precise control of electronic properties but also for improving the chemical stability of MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets, making them more suitable for advanced optoelectronic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9669–9676 9669–9676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Achieving High-Sensitivity Wide-Range Strain Sensing with 0D-2D MXene/Ag NPs Composite Structures","authors":"Jintao Zhang, Yina Yang, Ranran Wang, Jing Sun, Liangjing Shi, Yin Cheng* and Yucai Shen*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0143810.1021/acsanm.5c01438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01438https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01438","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Stretchable and wearable strain sensors hold significant potential in human motion monitoring and health management, yet the mutual constraints between sensitivity and stretchability remain a critical challenge. This study proposes a multidimensional composite network structure based on MXene and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to address the limited strain range caused by the close interlayer stacking and strong interaction forces in two-dimensional materials. By embedding Ag NPs into the interlayers of MXene, the interlayer spacing was significantly expanded, which weakened interlayer forces and facilitated effective slippage, thereby synergistically enhancing the sensor performance. Experimental results demonstrated that with 5 wt % Ag NPs doping, the sensor exhibited exceptional comprehensive performance: a sensitivity (gauge factor, GF) exceeding 153.28 across a strain range of 0–51.5%, a maximum detectable strain of 51.5%, a low detection limit of 0.025%, and robust cyclic stability over 5000 stretching cycles. Mechanistic studies revealed that Ag NPs suppressed crack propagation through a lubricating effect while increasing conductive contact points to enhance sensitivity. Furthermore, the sensor achieved real-time monitoring of human physiological signals (e.g., pulse, swallowing, and joint movements), highlighting its potential for wearable health monitoring. This work provides novel insights into optimizing the performance of two-dimensional materials in flexible electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"10022–10032 10022–10032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhi-Qiang Xiao, Xiao Du, Shichao Ding, Zhaoyuan Lyu, Jia-Xing An, Peng-Fei Xie, Feng Wu, Yuehe Lin* and Jin-Cheng Li*,
{"title":"Pt Nanoparticles Anchored on N-Doped Carbon Containing Single Co Atoms as Catalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction","authors":"Zhi-Qiang Xiao, Xiao Du, Shichao Ding, Zhaoyuan Lyu, Jia-Xing An, Peng-Fei Xie, Feng Wu, Yuehe Lin* and Jin-Cheng Li*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0102310.1021/acsanm.5c01023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01023https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01023","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The roadblock for commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells originates from high-cost and insufficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability of Pt-based catalysts. Herein, a Co-N-doped porous carbon (Co-NPC) is proposed to stabilize the Pt nanoparticle by means of interactions between Pt species and atomic Co-N<sub><i>x</i></sub> moieties, resulting in 8.38 wt % Pt loading and an ultrasmall size of 2.2 nm in the resulting Pt/Co-NPC catalyst. Thanks to modulation of atomic Co-N<sub><i>x</i></sub> moieties to ultrasmall Pt nanoparticles, the Pt/Co-NPC catalyst shows outstanding ORR activity in acidic media, including a half-wave potential (<i>E</i><sub>1/2</sub>) of 0.90 V and a mass activity (MA) of 0.701 A mg<sub>Pt</sub><sup>–1</sup> at 0.9 V, far superior to the commercial Pt/C catalyst (<i>E</i><sub>1/2</sub> = 0.87 V, MA = 0.143 A mg<sub>Pt</sub><sup>–1</sup>). More importantly, excellent ORR durability of Pt/Co-NPC, revealed by its unchanged activity after 15,000 potential cycling tests, is demonstrated due to the strong coupling interactions between Pt and atomic Co-N<sub><i>x</i></sub> moieties to stabilize the Pt nanoparticles. This work provides a valuable strategy to develop high-activity and stable low-Pt catalysts that are likely to spark widespread interest in fuel cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9860–9867 9860–9867"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrasmall Mo2C Nanoparticles Anchored on Porous Carbon as Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction","authors":"Zhaonan Chong, Run Cai, Change Yao, Zihan Wei, Pengfei Diao, JiaYi Liao, Shuwen Yang, Xin Chen, Huijuan Zhang and Zhong Ma*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsanm.5c0090610.1021/acsanm.5c00906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00906https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c00906","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Molybdenum carbide (Mo<sub>2</sub>C) has been considered as one of the most promising electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its platinum-like electronic configuration, low cost, and good corrosion resistance. However, there are still great challenges in real activity and durability for large-scale applications. Herein, we report the ultrasmall Mo<sub>2</sub>C nanoparticles with a particle size less than 2 nm anchored on porous carbon exhibits excellent HER performance with the overpotentials (η<sub>10</sub>) of 156 mV and 130 mV in acidic and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. Furthermore, it also delivers a very stable life-span performance at a current density of around 20 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> over 50 h with negligible decay. The nanopores in porous carbon are employed as nanoreactors to allow the reaction between its inside surface carbon atoms and Mo precursor to form the anchored Mo<sub>2</sub>C nanoparticles while avoiding the overgrowth of Mo<sub>2</sub>C particles at high temperatures in the annealing process. The high HER activity may be ascribed to the efficient exposure of active sites for ultrasmall particle size and the improved electron conductivity and ion transportation in the micro-3D configuration of the anchored structure in carbon pores.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":"8 19","pages":"9760–9769 9760–9769"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}