Antonio A Castillo-Garcia, Jörg Haupenthal, Anna K H Hirsch, Katalin Barta
{"title":"Modular synthetic routes to biologically active indoles from lignin.","authors":"Antonio A Castillo-Garcia, Jörg Haupenthal, Anna K H Hirsch, Katalin Barta","doi":"10.1039/d5gc01003a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc01003a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diol-assisted fractionation has emerged as an important 'lignin-first' processing method that delivers aromatic C2-acetals with high selectivity. This contribution describes the development of an unexpectedly straightforward synthetic route to biologically active indoles from this aromatic platform chemical, boosting the scope of this unique biorefinery approach. The novel method utilizes the functionalization of C2-acetal <i>via</i> phenol alkylation and mild halogenation reactions, enabling catalytic C-N coupling with anilines and benzylamines and forging <i>ortho</i>-aminoacetal intermediates. Such derivatives are suitable for <i>in situ</i> Schiff base formation/intramolecular cyclization by acetal deprotection in a mixture of MeOH/H<sub>2</sub>O and PTSA as the catalyst, resulting in a novel library of lignin-based indoles. Evaluation of the biological activity in terms of anticancer activity using human Hep G2 cells shows promising early results.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiabao Deng, Dawei Luo, Ke Rong, Zijie Gao, Jianghua Chen, Ke Zhao and Zhongxiang Yu
{"title":"A green route for producing high-purity nano-SiO2 from silicon containing waste†","authors":"Jiabao Deng, Dawei Luo, Ke Rong, Zijie Gao, Jianghua Chen, Ke Zhao and Zhongxiang Yu","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01344E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01344E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A novel, environmentally friendly synthesis method has been developed to convert silica-rich solid wastes into high-purity SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>. Silica fume, a by-product of industrial silicon and ferrosilicon alloy production, represents a hazardous waste with limited recycling options. In this study, sodium silicate synthesized <em>via</em> alkali dissolution was used as the starting material. High-purity silica powder was obtained by employing calcium oxide for impurity removal followed by a carbonation process. A single-factor experiment revealed that, under conditions of 60 °C, a reaction time of 3 h, and 6 g L<small><sup>−1</sup></small> calcium oxide, the removal rates of aluminum and iron were 50.2% and 91.4%, respectively. Optimization using response surface methodology enhanced aluminum removal to 53.1%, while iron removal remained at 91.5%. In the carbonation experiment, conducted at 75 °C, with a pH of 9.0, a concentration of 60 g L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, a CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> flow rate of 40 mL min<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, and a stirring speed of 300 rpm, the silica recovery rate reached 92.4%, and the agglomerate particle size was 11.38 μm. Characterization techniques including XRD, FTIR, SEM, and XRF confirmed that the product was 99.79% pure amorphous silica. After further treatment with chelating agent purification and mixed acid leaching, the purity of the synthesized silica can reach 99.9914% (4N). This process offers significant environmental and economic benefits by recycling silicon-containing waste and reducing CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7191-7207"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kuan Wang, Xue Jiang, Xin-Peng Li, Zhe Cao, Zhen-Hong He, Weitao Wang, Huan Wang, Xiaojuan Lai and Zhao-Tie Liu
{"title":"Correction: Enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to methane via synergistic Sb and F dual-doping on copper foil under pulsed potential electrolysis","authors":"Kuan Wang, Xue Jiang, Xin-Peng Li, Zhe Cao, Zhen-Hong He, Weitao Wang, Huan Wang, Xiaojuan Lai and Zhao-Tie Liu","doi":"10.1039/D5GC90105G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC90105G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Enhanced electrocatalytic CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction to methane <em>via</em> synergistic Sb and F dual-doping on copper foil under pulsed potential electrolysis’ by Kuan Wang <em>et al.</em>, <em>Green Chem.</em>, 2025, <strong>27</strong>, 6027–6038, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00648A.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7389-7389"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc90105g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Claros, Julian Quévarec, Sara Fernández-García, Timothy Noël
{"title":"Design and application of a decatungstate-based ionic liquid photocatalyst for sustainable hydrogen atom transfer reactions.","authors":"Miguel Claros, Julian Quévarec, Sara Fernández-García, Timothy Noël","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02160j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02160j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recyclable decatungstate-based ionic liquid (DT-IL) was developed as a versatile photocatalyst for hydrogen atom transfer reactions. DT-IL exhibits broad solvent compatibility, high catalytic efficiency, and excellent recyclability. Its performance under batch and flow conditions, including in green and biphasic media, highlights its potential for sustainable photocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aerobic alcoholization via aromatization driven C–C bond cleavage of unstrained ketones†","authors":"Renzhi Liu and Huiying Zeng","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01568E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01568E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alcohols are a crucial class of organic compounds that play pivotal roles not only in organic synthesis, materials science, and industrial production but also in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Conventional methods for synthesizing alcohols typically include olefin hydration, hydroboration followed by oxidation, and reduction reactions. In this study, we report a novel aerobic aldolization approach that employs aromatization-driven C–C bond cleavage for the deacetylation of unstrained ketones. This method enables the efficient generation of various primary and secondary alcohols using oxygen gas as an environmentally friendly oxidant and reactant. The reaction does not require the use of transition-metals, acids, or bases, demonstrating excellent functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope. Notably, this method is applicable to the late-stage modification of natural products and drug molecules, highlighting its potential in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7329-7335"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrothermal liquefaction vs. fast/flash pyrolysis for biomass-to-biofuel conversion: new insights and comparative review of liquid biofuel yield, composition, and properties†","authors":"Farid Alizad Oghyanous and Cigdem Eskicioglu","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01314C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01314C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and fast/flash pyrolysis are thermochemical processes (TPs) with proven potential to convert biomass into liquid biofuel, which can be comparable to crude oil. HTL is generally preferred for wet biomass, while fast/flash pyrolysis is more suitable for dried biomass, as moisture content plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate conversion method. Beyond moisture content, the biochemical and elemental composition of biomass significantly impacts the physical and chemical characteristics of the resulting liquid biofuels, often increasing the need for upgrading. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of HTL and fast/flash pyrolysis for converting five biomass types—lignocellulosic biomass, microalgae, macroalgae, municipal sludge, and food waste—into liquid biofuels, highlighting the impact of biomass composition on biofuel yield and quality. By linking biomass type, process severity, and liquid biofuel quantity, this study offers a structured framework for selecting the optimal conversion process and severity range to maximize biofuel yield in large-scale applications. Additionally, this review identifies various organic compounds and their concentrations in liquid biofuels produced through HTL and fast/flash pyrolysis from different biomass sources, serving as a valuable resource for developing novel multistage and selective upgrading processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7009-7041"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc01314c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhi-Hua Liu, Bing-Zhi Li, Joshua S. Yuan, James Clark, Vânia Zuin Zeidler, Lieve Laurens, Arthur J. Ragauskas, João A. P. Coutinho and Buxing Han
{"title":"Introduction to ‘Exploring the frontiers: unveiling new horizons in carbon efficient biomass utilization’","authors":"Zhi-Hua Liu, Bing-Zhi Li, Joshua S. Yuan, James Clark, Vânia Zuin Zeidler, Lieve Laurens, Arthur J. Ragauskas, João A. P. Coutinho and Buxing Han","doi":"10.1039/D5GC90083B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC90083B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >An introduction to the <em>Green Chemistry</em> themed collection on biomass conversion and utilization, featuring innovative approaches to unlock biomass' full potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 6922-6924"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Liu, Heng Peng Zhang, Jia Cheng Qian, Yi Wang, Su Juan Ren and Ren Xiang Tan
{"title":"Enzymatic synthesis of health-beneficial oligoindoles using peroxidase†","authors":"Dan Liu, Heng Peng Zhang, Jia Cheng Qian, Yi Wang, Su Juan Ren and Ren Xiang Tan","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01951F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01951F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Diets can maintain good health and influence responses to therapeutic agents, as exemplified by cruciferous vegetables, a privileged source of health-beneficial oligoindoles such as DIM (marketed as “nutraceutical”), LTr1, LTe2, and LTr3. All of these oligoindoles have been identified as anti-cancer agents. However, access to these oligoindoles currently remains largely unreliable since their chemical synthesis and isolation from vegetables are challenging, cost-ineffective, and eco-unfriendly, thereby limiting their development. Herein, we present a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalysed method for the synthesis of DIM, LTr1, LTe2, and LTr3 from indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) mixed with indole or its commercially available derivatives. Moreover, green chemistry metrics and EcoScale score evaluations supported the enzymatic method as a green protocol. By gaining insights into enzymatic mechanisms, which involve the radical–radical coupling reaction, the whole-cell biosynthesis of bioactive oligoindoles can be achieved. Altogether, the work provides an efficient access to cruciferous vegetable-derived oligoindoles, deepens our understanding of the application potential of HRP, and promotes further development of synthetic biology methods for DIM, LTr1, and LTe2.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7319-7328"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Hu, Nannan Liu, Qinglong Ru, Wei Jiang, Yongcui Yang, Kailan Ma, Lixiang Meng, Zuliang Du, Bao Zhang and Gang Cheng
{"title":"Correction: Highly selective, catalyst-free CO2 reduction in strong acid without alkali cations by a mechanical energy-induced triboelectric plasma-electrolytic system","authors":"Hui Hu, Nannan Liu, Qinglong Ru, Wei Jiang, Yongcui Yang, Kailan Ma, Lixiang Meng, Zuliang Du, Bao Zhang and Gang Cheng","doi":"10.1039/D5GC90104A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC90104A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Highly selective, catalyst-free CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction in strong acid without alkali cations by a mechanical energy-induced triboelectric plasma-electrolytic system’ by Hui Hu <em>et al.</em>, <em>Green Chem.</em>, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5gc00977d.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 23","pages":" 6906-6906"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc90104a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outstanding Reviewers for Green Chemistry in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D5GC90093J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC90093J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of <em>Green Chemistry's</em> reviewers for helping to preserve quality and integrity in chemical science literature. We would also like to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for <em>Green Chemistry</em> in 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 23","pages":" 6689-6689"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}