Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Retraction: Extraction of metal ions from water using a novel liquid membrane containing ZIF-8 nanoparticles, an ionic liquid, and benzo-18-crown-6","authors":"Arash Adhami, Jafar Towfighi, Hamid Kazemzadeh and Vahid Kazemzadeh","doi":"10.1039/D5EW90033F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW90033F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Retraction of ‘Extraction of metal ions from water using a novel liquid membrane containing ZIF-8 nanoparticles, an ionic liquid, and benzo-18-crown-6’ by Arash Adhami <em>et al.</em>, <em>Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.</em>, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ew00694a.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2468-2468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d5ew90033f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic micropollutant removal in stormwater: a review of treatment performance","authors":"Zhaozhi Zheng, Baiqian Shi, David McCarthy, Ana Deletic, Pierre Le-Clech, Stuart Khan, Tim D. Fletcher, Marty Hancock and Kefeng Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00306G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00306G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Stormwater runoff is increasingly recognized as an alternative water resource, but organic micropollutant (OMP) contamination poses challenges to its safe harvesting. This study systematically reviews stormwater treatment systems to assess their effectiveness in OMP removal and their potential to mitigate associated risks. Among nature-based solutions (NBS), biofilters demonstrate high removal efficiency (&gt;80%) for most tested OMPs. A significant positive correlation was found between hydrophobicity (log <em>K</em><small>_ow</small>) and removal efficiency (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05; Pearson and Spearman correlation), suggesting adsorption as the dominant mechanism for hydrophobic compounds, while biodegradation plays a key role in removing many hydrophilic OMPs. Key design features, such as vegetation, submerged zones, and filter media amendments (<em>e.g.</em>, biochar, compost), further enhance treatment performance. Constructed wetlands generally achieve removal rates above 60% mainly for hydrophobic OMPs, though challenges remain for emerging refractory pollutants such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Porous pavements are effective for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), particularly with adsorptive materials and geotextile layers, but limited studies restrict broader implementation. Ponds and swales exhibit variable performance, effectively treating PAHs and pesticides but showing lower efficiency for pharmaceuticals and plasticizers. Advanced oxidation technologies demonstrate strong potential, achieving &gt;80% removal for tested PAHs, pesticides and corrosion inhibitors within minutes to hours, making them suitable for post-treatment applications. Despite progress, data gaps hinder robust assessments of design and operational parameters. Future research should focus on optimizing nature-based solutions (NBS) through smart sensors, real-time control strategies, and hybrid approaches integrating advanced oxidation technologies to enhance OMPs removal in stormwater harvesting systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2274-2294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d5ew00306g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cationic polymer dosage on aerobic granular sludge formation and system performance","authors":"Sajid Hussain, Zulfiqar Ali Solangi and Gianni Andreottola","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00279F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00279F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aerobic granular sludge technology faces a significant challenge regarding slow startup time when dealing with real wastewater. The present study introduces an innovative approach to decrease the granulation time while maintaining a substantial degree of organic and inorganic pollutant extraction. With this new strategy, aerobic granulation in an SBR is improved and accelerated by adding a cationic polymer. Hydrofloc cationic polymers were used to augment granule formation. Results show that adding a cationic polymer dosage of 15 ppm accelerated the formation of granules, reducing the reactor startup time. In the initial days, COD efficiency fluctuated due to the reactor's instability because of biomass discharge in the effluent. However, the COD removal efficiency reached 97 ± 1.5% after 15 days of operation of the reactor. NH<small>₄</small><small>⁺</small>–N, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were 97%, 63%, and 76% on average throughout the 16–50 day stable operating stage. The findings suggest that using a cationic polymer can enhance the granulation process in an aerobic granular system.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2458-2467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards sustainable PMR for organic contaminant removal from municipal wastewater","authors":"Veronica Cozzolino, Gerardo Coppola, Sudip Chakraborty, Giovanni Chiappetta, Alessio Siciliano, Carlo Limonti, Giulia Maria Curcio, Catia Algieri and Vincenza Calabrò","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00485C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00485C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are dangerous for the human body and for the environment, due to their high chemical stability at low concentrations and low biodegradability. Traditional treatment plants are inadequate or inefficient, making their removal from water very difficult. Unlike most existing studies that rely on synthetic wastewater, the novelty of this work lies in studying the photocatalytic degradation of POPs in real urban wastewater using titanium dioxide-based slurry reactors. A distinctive contribution of this work also lies in the comparison of two reactor configurations (internal <em>vs.</em> external UV sources), supported by finite element modelling (FEM) to simulate and optimize light distribution. The results showed that the configuration with an immersed lamp, which ensures better light distribution, leads to enhanced catalytic activity at lower photocatalyst concentration and low light power. This optimal configuration was subsequently applied in a slurry photocatalytic membrane reactor (SPMR), resulting in improved pollutant removal efficiency. In particular, experimental results demonstrated that using an inorganic membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 1 kDa achieved approximately a 15% increase in pollutant removal efficiency. This integrated, experimentally validated approach addresses a critical gap in translating lab-scale photocatalysis research to real wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2398-2411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d5ew00485c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-driven design of membranes for saline and produced water treatment across scales","authors":"Uzair Ahmad, Ahmed Abdala, Kim Choon Ng and Faheem Hassan Akhtar","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00417A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00417A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Membrane-based desalination technologies are critical for addressing global water scarcity; however, their performance optimization remains a complex challenge. This review explores the potential of machine learning (ML) in advancing membrane desalination, with a focus on process optimization, fouling mitigation, and performance prediction. We provide a comprehensive analysis of ML techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and random forest (RF), applied to membrane systems such as reverse osmosis (RO), forward osmosis (FO), and for the treatment of produced water. The study highlights how data-driven models enhance decision-making by correlating operational parameters (<em>e.g.</em>, pressure, temperature, feed salinity) with membrane efficiency, energy consumption, and fouling behavior. A key emphasis is placed on ANN-based frameworks for real-time monitoring and predictive control, demonstrating their superiority in modeling non-linear interactions compared to traditional mechanistic approaches. We also examine ML applications in optimizing design parameters, maintenance strategies, and renewable-energy-integrated desalination systems. Challenges such as data scarcity and model generalizability are discussed, alongside future directions for integrating ML with emerging membrane materials and hybrid processes. This review highlights ML's role in bridging theoretical and practical gaps in desalination, offering actionable insights for researchers and industry experts to deploy intelligent and sustainable water treatment solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2080-2099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of zero valent Fe/Mn anchored Alstonia scholaris flower biochar for wastewater treatment and bactericidal application","authors":"Priyanka Priyadarsini Samal, Jhilirani Mohanta, Adrija Ghosh, Debashmita Mandal, Saumyashree Nayak, Banashree Dey, Dipankar Chattopadhyay and Soumen Dey","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00355E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00355E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Zerovalent iron and manganese-embedded NaOH-activated <em>Alstonia scholaris</em> flower biochar composites (ZMNASB and ZFNASB) were prepared using sodium borohydride-assisted metal reduction and strategic intercalation into the biochar matrix for Eriochrome Black T (EBT) and Cr(<small>VI</small>) removal from aqueous solutions, along with simultaneous antibacterial use. Both materials were characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, BET surface area, TEM-SAED, VSM, and PXRD. The zero-point charges were found to be 7.20 and 6.81, respectively. A pseudo-second-order model best described the uptake dynamics. EBT adsorption followed the Freundlich model (<em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.999), while Cr(<small>VI</small>) adsorption followed the Langmuir model (<em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.999). ZMNASB and ZFNASB displayed maximum uptake capacities of 242.082 and 293.225 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively, for EBT, and 56.376 and 50.566 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively, for Cr(<small>VI</small>) at 328 K and pH 7. Both scavenging processes are endothermic (12.496 to 25.709 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>) and favorable (−0.109 to −7.419 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>). Using 50% methanol and diluted NaOH, the adsorbents were successfully regenerated (70–76%), enabling three cycles of reuse. Their practical applicability was demonstrated by their ability to effectively remove contaminants from field wastewater (∼73.2–94% efficiency). The column adsorption capacity of both composites was 20.046–272.477 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> for EBT and Cr(<small>VI</small>). To address disposal concerns, spent materials were pyrolyzed to transform into secondary adsorbents with efficiencies of 50–68%. Furthermore, an approximately 3 cm inhibitory zone was observed against both <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> bacteria using the composites at a concentration of 100 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>. With a surface area of 56.008 and 101.571 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>, the materials exhibit dual advantages and outperform several contemporary materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2427-2444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of biopolymer-supported spinel cobalt ferrite with controlled composition as a peroxydisulfate activator for glyphosate-contaminated wastewater treatment","authors":"Minh Thanh Le, Thu Hien Nguyen and Lan Huong Nguyen","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00605H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00605H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study optimized the extraction of biopolymers from waste banana skins (BiP) and developed spinel cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with tunable compositions (CoFe<small>_2+<em>x</em></small>O<small>₄</small>; <em>x</em> = 0.0, 0.3, and 0.5), which were subsequently supported on the extracted biopolymer at various loadings (0–25 wt%) to form CoFe<small>_2+<em>x</em></small>O<small>₄</small>@BiP-<em>y</em> catalysts. These catalysts were employed to activate peroxydisulfate (PS) for glyphosate (GPS) mineralization in aqueous media. Structural characterization confirmed the retention of the spinel structure and Co<small>²⁺</small> incorporation into the crystal lattice, despite Fe content variation. As the Co : Fe ratio decreased from 1 : 2.0 to 1 : 2.3, GPS mineralization, evaluated <em>via</em> COD removal, improved significantly from 51.9% to 67.7% in the CoFe<small>_2+<em>x</em></small>O<small>₄</small>/PS system. Among the various compositions, CoFe<small>_2.3</small>O<small>₄</small>@BiP-15 exhibited the highest performance in activating PS, achieving 95.7% GPS removal and a reaction rate of 0.025 min<small>⁻¹</small> under optimal conditions of pH 5.0, 0.4 g L<small>⁻¹</small> CoFe<small>_2.3</small>O<small>₄</small>@BiP-15, and 300 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> PS. The proposed mechanism involves both radical and non-radical pathways, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as <small>¹</small>O<small>₂</small>, *SO<small>₄</small><small>⁻</small>, *OH, and *O<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>, which participate in GPS mineralization. Notably, the promoted GPS removal efficiency was primarily attributed to the iron enrichment in CoFe<small>_2.3</small>O<small>₄</small>, which not only accelerated the regeneration of Co<small>²⁺</small>—the main catalytic active species responsible for PS activation—but also enabled Fe<small>²⁺</small> to directly activate PS <em>via</em> electron transfer, generating more ROS. Additionally, the high dispersion of CoFe<small>_2.3</small>O<small>₄</small> on the BiP, with enriched oxygen-containing functional groups (OCFGs), acted as active sites, donating electrons for PS to form ROS. Reusability tests showed stable GPS removal over four consecutive cycles. The findings provide principle for the rational design of biopolymer-supported bimetallic catalysts with controlled compositions, enabling more effective advanced oxidation processes for mineralizing persistent organic pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2378-2397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient preparation of adsorption beds from polycarbonate and cotton fabric wastes: removal of nitroaromatic pollutants from water","authors":"Tomaszewski Waldemar, Krasiński Andrzej, Zybert Magdalena, Wieciński Piotr and Gołofit Tomasz","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00669D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00669D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The pollution of the environment with explosives and their decomposition products, particularly resulting from armed conflicts and intensive mining activities, poses a serious problem nowadays. In this work, the properties of a novel and environmentally neutral adsorbent were investigated, which was used further to remove nitroaromatic explosives from wastewater. The adsorbent was prepared in a straightforward way from waste raw materials by applying a composite of polycarbonate and fumed silica to cotton fabric. On both laboratory and bench scale (flow system with recirculation), a new bed demonstrated high efficiency for removal of nitroaromatics from water, exceeding 90% for trinitrotoluene (TNT). It was also confirmed that the bed is suitable for removing explosive substances from real river water. The sorption properties of the material were related to its characteristics obtained using spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermal analysis, nitrogen adsorption, and adsorption kinetics and isotherms.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2412-2426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d5ew00669d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the wastewater treatment performance of loose nano-filtration membranes using natural clay functionalized with AlFe2O4 nanocleaners","authors":"Ashok Shrishail Maraddi, Santrupthi Padival, Glenita Bridget D'Souza, Smitha Kamath, Anshu Kumar and S. K. Nataraj","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00502G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00502G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Membranes with the right composition can potentially afford exceptionally high water flux with high contaminant rejection and recovery ratios, prolonged life with anti-fouling capabilities, and low operating costs. In this regard, an innovative AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>-functionalized bentonite (AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>@BT) material was prepared as a performance-boosting agent for polyethersulfone (PES)-based mixed-matrix loose nanofiltration membranes (LNMs). Herein, the fabrication of PES-based mixed matrices was achieved by blending AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>@BT at different wt% values through phase inversion technology. The effects of AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>@BT on the structure and functionality of the as-prepared AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>@BT-PES LNMs were thoroughly examined by scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, antifouling measurements and other techniques. The separation efficiency of the AlFe<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>@BT-PES-based LNMs was recorded as 80%, 85% and 95% for crystal violet (CV), Congo Red (CR), and humic acid, respectively, with exceptionally high product flux efficiencies and anti-fouling properties comparable to those of commercial polyamide membranes. The new LNMs operate at relatively low operating pressures (1–4 bar), thus offering sustainable separation processes with lower flux decline ratios and high recovery ratios, demonstrating their superior membrane material combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 10","pages":" 2445-2457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorbent modified constructed wetlands for advanced removal of bulk organics and heavy metals from municipal wastewater effluent†","authors":"Luca M. Ofiera, Thomas Wintgens and Christian Kazner","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00870G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00870G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a nature-based solution (NBS) for the treatment of wastewater, employing natural processes to mitigate aquatic pollution. Nevertheless, the high specific surface area demand of CWs remains a limiting factor, particularly in urban areas. As the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants is predominantly influenced by the removal mechanisms associated with the selected substrate/adsorbents, this study aims to optimise these processes by hybridising different adsorbents such as biochar, granular activated carbon (GAC) and natural zeolite. Over a period of 18 months, five different approaches were tested, with modifications made to the various layers of the respective CW. Furthermore, the heavy metal (HM) speciation, the behaviour of pollutants and the changing environmental conditions within the wetlands were observed at different filter depths to determine the removal potential of the different adsorbents. The results indicated that the modified CW with biochar, zeolite, and GAC enabled high removal rates of bulk organics (91%) and HMs (Cd: 32%, Cr: 86%, Cu: 92%, Fe: 83%, Ni: 91%, Pb: 43%, and Zn: 96%) with significantly lower hydraulic retention time (HRT) compared to previous studies. This addresses the specific surface area as the main issue of these systems. It was also demonstrated that effective pre-treatment is crucial for maximizing the removal ability of CW systems. Thus, the use of these systems as a polishing technology for the downstream treatment of municipal wastewater is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2248-2264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00870g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}