Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology最新文献

{"title":"High levels of antibiotics released by a pharmaceutical manufacturer negatively impacted wastewater treatment plant performance†","authors":"Chantal A. Keane, Jinglong Li, Jiaying Li, Jochen F. Mueller, Jake W. O'Brien and Rory Verhagen","doi":"10.1039/D4EW01032A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW01032A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent compliance relies heavily on the performance of biological treatment processes. Biological treatment processes can be compromised by toxic shock events such as upstream spills of high concentrations and/or loads of hydrocarbons and other chemicals from industry wastewater (trade waste). A toxic shock event was observed in the biological treatment at a WWTP, causing untreated wastewater to contaminate the receiving environment. None of the routinely monitored wastewater parameters like heavy metals and organic compounds could be linked to the event. In this study, we investigated the associations between intermittent pulses of elevated concentrations of antibiotics in the influent and toxic shocks to biological wastewater treatment processes. 22 influent samples were analysed for 102 antibiotics and their metabolites. Chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen removal efficiencies in the WWTP's biological treatment process were significantly negatively correlated with concentrations of antibiotics. Seven antibiotics exceeded their predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) during this timeframe, also exceeding risk quotients of one to be a likely risk of toxic effects on the WWTP. The combination of correlation and risk quotients exceeding one demonstrated that antibiotics caused the toxic shock event at the WWTP.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 903-913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of inoculum percentage and hydrogen supply on hydrogenotrophic denitrification driven by anaerobic granular sludge†","authors":"Emanuele Marino, Armando Oliva, Stefano Papirio, Giovanni Esposito and Francesco Pirozzi","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00776J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00776J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogenotrophic denitrification (H<small>₂</small>Den) is an encouraging biological technology to remove nitrate (NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>) from supply water with a low carbon/nitrogen ratio or in the absence of organic carbon. This study provides important insights into the use of anaerobic granular sludge for NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> removal from a synthetic water with an initial concentration of 200 mg NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> L<small>⁻¹</small> (<em>i.e.</em>, 45.2 mg NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>-N L<small>⁻¹</small>). This study investigated the effect of the inoculum input, expressed as percentage of reactor filling, <em>i.e.</em>, 10% <em>vs.</em> 20% <em>vs.</em> 40% (v/v) by the anaerobic granular sludge, as well as the hydrogen (H<small>₂</small>) supply, <em>i.e.</em>, stoichiometric <em>vs.</em> 50% excess <em>vs.</em> 100% excess, on the H<small>₂</small>Den process. Coupling 10% (v/v) inoculum percentage with 100% excess of H<small>₂</small> supply was the most favourable condition, ensuring a NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> removal efficiency of up to 96%. Indeed, a 10% (v/v) inoculum percentage ensured the maximal denitrification rate, reaching 6.0 mg NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> g<small>⁻¹</small> VS d<small>⁻¹</small>, which was further enhanced when increasing the H<small>₂</small> dosage. Despite the great potential, this study also highlighted possible drawbacks of the anaerobic granular sludge-driven H<small>₂</small>Den process, such as nitrite (NO<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>) accumulation as a denitrification intermediate. On the other hand, the release of gaseous denitrification intermediates such as N<small>₂</small>O and NO was negligible under most of the investigated experimental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 768-780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00776j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Kinetics and mechanism of hydrolysis of PF6− accelerated by H+ or Al3+ in aqueous solution","authors":"Takuto Miyashita, Kouji Yasuda and Tetsuya Uda","doi":"10.1039/D5EW90007G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW90007G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Kinetics and mechanism of hydrolysis of PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> accelerated by H<small>⁺</small> or Al<small>³⁺</small> in aqueous solution’ by Takuto Miyashita <em>et al.</em>, <em>Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.</em>, 2025, <strong>11</strong>, 281–292, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00758A.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 781-781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d5ew90007g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic study for predicting the performance of forward osmosis desalination using commercial low-cost superabsorber polymer (SAP) hydrogels as draw agents: water flux enhancement by tailoring process parameters","authors":"Waid Omar, Sarah Palloks, Huan Zhang, Michael Pollard, Florencia Saravia and Manfred Wilhelm","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00918E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00918E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates the potential of using low-cost commercial superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) as draw agents in a hydrogel-driven forward osmosis (FO) desalination process. Different types of commercial SAPs were tested, with Evonik weak-crosslinked (EV-WC) hydrogels displaying the highest water flux and swelling ratio. Using EV-WC as the draw agent, the initial water flux was approximately 0.96 LMH with 200–300 μm size hydrogels for a 2000 ppm NaCl solution. Water flux improved with smaller hydrogel particles, achieving 1.02 LMH with 100–200 μm particles, while larger particles (&gt;600 μm) yielded 0.75 LMH. Increasing the mass of hydrogels on the membrane surface also enhanced water flux; doubling the hydrogel mass from 0.1 to 0.2 g increased the initial water flux from 0.8 to 1.03 LMH, and doubling it again from 0.2 to 0.4 g raised the flux to 1.51 LMH. Adding a slight weight above the hydrogels to ensure better contact with the membrane surface further improved water flux. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of EV-WC hydrogels as draw agents and provides insights into optimizing conditions for improved FO desalination performance. Increasing the hydraulic pressure from 40 to 50 cm resulted in a 37% increase in initial water flux while increasing it from 50 to 57 cm yielded a 7% augmentation in initial water flux. Water recovery from swollen hydrogels has been studied using our own developed specialized press by the application of external pressure to extract water from swollen hydrogels. The results indicate that when the pressure is increased from 1 bar to 75 bar at a rate of 60 bar per hour, approximately 250 J of energy is required to recover 300 mL of water.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 925-941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioremediation of uranium contaminated sites through the formation of U(vi) phosphate (bio)minerals†","authors":"Callum Robinson, Sam Shaw, Jonathan R. Lloyd, James Graham and Katherine Morris","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00846D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00846D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Operations at uranium (U)-mining and nuclear facilities have left a global legacy of significant radionuclide contamination in groundwaters which must be managed to minimize environmental harm. Uranium groundwater contamination is present at several sites globally, including Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Hanford, USA and Sellafield nuclear site, UK. <em>In situ</em> phosphate biomineralisation offers a promising method for radionuclide (including <small>⁹⁰</small>Sr and U) remediation at these sites. Typically, phosphate-generating amendments are injected into the subsurface to sequester select radionuclides in groundwaters by precipitation of poorly soluble Ca-phosphate phases and subsequent adsorption and/or incorporation of radionuclides to these poorly soluble phases, a remediation route being explored for both U and <small>⁹⁰</small>Sr. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms of U-phosphate precipitation in two phosphate-generating amendments (Ca-citrate/Na-phosphate and glycerol phosphate) under conditions relevant to Sellafield, UK. Using aerobic batch sediment experiments, we show both Ca-citrate/Na-phosphate and glycerol phosphate amendments are effective at enhancing removal of U(<small>VI</small>) from representative groundwaters (from 94% to &gt;97%). Aqueous geochemical data coupled to speciation modelling highlighted that precipitation of U(<small>VI</small>) phosphate phases was the likely mechanism of U(<small>VI</small>) removal from groundwaters. Further X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analysis of solids confirmed U was present as a highly insoluble uranyl orthophosphate-like phase after treatment with both Ca-citrate/Na-phosphate and glycerol phosphate amendments. These data provide underpinning information on U-phosphate remediation in Sellafield relevant conditions thus expanding the range of treatment options for radionuclide contaminated groundwaters and defining the transport and fate of U during phosphate biomineralisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 725-736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00846d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the adsorption performance of calcium-rich biochar on CDOM from actual rifapentine pharmaceutical wastewater using spectroscopic techniques†","authors":"Jiali Liu, Qian Wen, Maoyun Xu, Yuhuan Wu and Xujing Guo","doi":"10.1039/D4EW01002G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW01002G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The use of calcium-rich biochar as a sustainable and low-cost adsorbent prepared from crab shells is an effective resource utilization method. Crab shell biochar (CSB) was used to adsorb chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from actual rifapentine pharmaceutical wastewater (RPWW). Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in combination with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) were used to investigate the adsorption performance and mechanism of CDOM components. Results showed that CSB had the best adsorption effect on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of RPWW (pH 7.0, COD = 100 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>) when the biochar dosage was 1.2 g L<small>⁻¹</small>, and the removal rate of COD reached 75.33%. The removal rate of fluorescent components, including protein-like (284 nm), fulvic-like (367 and 375 nm), and humic-like (390, 402, 422, 430, 465, and 490 nm) substances, ranged from 59.77% to 81.88% when the COD was &lt;200 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>. Substances correlated to peaks at 334 nm (fulvic-like), 367 nm (fulvic-like) and 422 nm (humic-like) play an important role in the adsorption of biochar to rifampicin in wastewater, showing strong correlation coefficients. 2D-COS analysis indicated that humic-like substances at 422 nm could be preferentially removed by biochar adsorption, while the removal of fulvic-like substances at 334 nm showed a lag. Meanwhile, substances corresponding to the band at 1450 cm<small>⁻¹</small> (<em>e.g.</em> carboxyl <em>δ</em><small>_O–H</small> and alkane <em>δ</em><small>_{CH<small>₃</small>}</small>) could preferentially participate in adsorption, suggesting that the π–π EDA effect and the formation of hydrogen bonds are a potential adsorption mechanism. The present study provides valuable insights into the development of efficient technologies for the treatment of antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 914-924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of natural zeolite-filled recycled PVDF filters and their application for gray water treatment†","authors":"Ayşenur Katırcı, Seniyecan Kahraman and Filiz Uğur Nigiz","doi":"10.1039/D4EW01070A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW01070A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, clinoptilolite (Clp)-doped poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes (1–4 wt%) were prepared using an electrospinning method. Further, filtration tests on the simulated gray water components were investigated. Methylene blue (MB), linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), oil (soybean oil), and microplastic (MP) filtration were performed. MB filtration with the PVDF membrane resulted in over 99% of MB rejection. Oil rejection with the PVDF membrane without Clp was observed to be 95%, while the addition of Clp increased the oil rejection to over 99%. It was observed that LAS rejection increased as the Clp content increased. MP rejection using PVDF-based membranes was 100%. Considering all the test results, the membrane containing 3 wt% Clp showed the best performance, and the process parameters and rejection efficiencies were determined through experimental optimization. Synthetic gray water analyses included the chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS). COD rejection was 63.1%, while turbidity rejection was 97.2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 639-654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted fabrication of porous flower-like pseudo-boehmite and high-efficiency phosphate removal from water: batch and fixed-bed column continuous operation","authors":"Ruohui Du, Huiyu Li, Saeed Ahmed, Shaowei Shi and Yongjun Feng","doi":"10.1039/D4EW01071J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW01071J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It is of great interest and importance to explore low-cost, high-efficiency adsorbents for phosphate removal. Herein, we developed a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method to fabricate three-dimensional, flower-like pseudo-boehmite adsorbents using a separate nucleation and aging steps (SNAS) method. We carefully investigated their adsorption behavior toward phosphate in aqueous solution. The morphologies were controlled by adjusting the feeding ratios of the aluminium salt to the alkali in the reaction system, resulting in different pore structures and varying degrees of exposure of the (020) facet. The adsorption behavior followed the Elovich kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model based on the correlation coefficient. High doping of aluminium salt promoted the specific surface area by 32.7% and increased the (020) facet exposure by 59.6%. Among the three samples, notably, sample A-1/10, obtained with a molar ratio of Al<small>³⁺</small> to NaOH of 1 : 10, demonstrated the largest specific surface area (430.67 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>) and the greatest proportion (19.25%) of the exposed (020) facet. Sample A-1/10 exhibited high phosphate removal performance in an acidic solution (pH 3), with the highest adsorption capacity of 158.58 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>. Furthermore, the fixed-bed adsorption column removed 95% of phosphate in a continuous operation system with alginate-assisted pseudo-boehmite beads, consisting of 75% pseudo-boehmite. These results indicate a promising avenue for practical applications in phosphate removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 627-638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater for public health: timely, sensitive, and reliable SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant monitoring in California","authors":"E. Burnor, A. T. Yu, M. K. Wolfe, R. S. Kantor, T. M. León, S. Ravuri, M. S. Rane, M. V. Panditrao, C. Naughton, A. Rabe, S. Harris-Lovett, A. Abram, D. Borthwick, B. White, J. B. Silva, C. Lang, W. Probert, D. Wadford, H. N. Bischel, S. Jain, K. Nelson, A. B. Boehm and D. J. Vugia","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00845F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00845F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1/BA.1.1) variant was declared a variant of concern (VOC) on November 26, 2021 and rapidly became the dominant lineage globally. Monitoring for VOCs is a public health priority, but standard case-based surveillance requires a robust, local whole genome sequencing (WGS) network and results may take weeks. Wastewater monitoring of VOCs is appealing as a potentially sensitive and timely approach to VOC monitoring that could provide complementary information to case-based WGS and a more complete picture of VOC circulation. However, wastewater VOC monitoring through PCR assays and WGS each have unique advantages and disadvantages that are not well characterized. The California Department of Public Health collaborated with academic partners to conduct wastewater VOC monitoring during the emergence of Omicron BA.1./BA.1.1 in late 2021. Wastewater monitoring was conducted <em>via</em> RT-PCR assays targeting specific mutations and via wastewater sequencing. Wastewater data was analyzed within the context of case-based WGS data to track the emergence of Omicron in California. In most locations across California, wastewater PCR provided early identification of the emergence and subsequent dominance of Omicron BA.1./BA.1.1. These results were then corroborated and confirmed as case-based WGS results became available. These data helped guide real-time public health response during the Omicron surge. Wastewater monitoring of VOC's provides a timely, accurate, and sensitive methodology for VOC monitoring. Successful implementation of wastewater VOC monitoring requires wastewater surveillance infrastructure as well as ongoing investment and research to support the development and deployment of assays and sequencing methodologies for emerging variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 876-890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behaviour of particle mobilization and reattachment under flushing conditions in PVC pipes using a full-scale laboratory system","authors":"Benjamin Anderson, Artur Sass Braga, Yves Filion and Sarah Jane Payne","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00764F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00764F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Excessive accumulation of particulate material and biofilms on the inner walls of drinking water pipes increases the risk of water discoloration events, known to be the major cause of customer complaints worldwide. As a result, water utilities use pipe flushing operations to mobilize material deposits from ‘dirty sections’ of their pipe networks. Nevertheless, the development of preventative strategies is still limited by the lack of knowledge about the material accumulation process and the behaviour of resuspended particles during flushing. The goal of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of insoluble iron oxide particles during controlled accumulation and flushing processes in PVC drinking water pipes. A set of four experiments was completed where water with a known concentration of iron oxide particles was introduced into a full-scale pipe loop laboratory system under steady flow conditions producing the accumulation of particles along half the pipe length. The system was then flushed using two sequential velocities (0.7 and 1.2 m s<small>⁻¹</small>) and the direction of flush was changed between each independent flushing stage. During the flushing operations, it was found that a small number of mobilized particles can reattach to downstream sections pipes, and resist mobilization to elevated wall shear stresses of 1.2 Pa. Furthermore, even after successive flushes in one direction, a subsequent flush of equal velocity in the opposite direction was able to mobilize new particles from the pipe wall surface. These findings revealed a new mechanism of particle resistance to mobilization that is independent of the WSS. These results may assist water utilities in improving flushing strategies for DWDSs and managing accumulated material in their networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 714-724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00764f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}