Lab on a Chip最新文献

{"title":"Two-dimensional Adhesion Noise Spectroscopy: A CMOS-based, Non-Invasive Modality for Real-Time Cell and Tissue Monitoring","authors":"Maximilian Ell,Nadir Talha,Woo-Bin Jung,Andrea Corna,Dennis Gong,William L Hwang,Roland Thewes,Donhee Ham,Günther Zeck","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00910g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00910g","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive monitoring of cellular adhesion and behavior is essential for lab on chip systems, yet current electrical and optical approaches require external stimuli or labels. Here we introduce two-dimensional adhesion noise spectroscopy, a fully passive and label free electrical imaging modality that repurposes the intrinsic thermal voltage noise of the cell–electrode interface as a real time indicator of cell attachment. Using four distinct CMOS-based microelectrode array platforms with varying electrode geometries, materials, and amplifier architectures, we show that adherent cells induce a robust increase in voltage noise spectral density, enabling reliable discrimination between cell covered and electrolyte covered electrodes. This method generalizes across electrogenic and non-electrogenic cell types, supports continuous tracking of cancer cell proliferation, and identifies active recording sites in ex vivo neural tissue without optical guidance. By requiring only seconds of extracellular recordings and no perturbation of the biological sample, adhesion noise spectroscopy provides a scalable, universally compatible sensing principle for new lab-on-chip interfaces, offering a powerful route toward automated, high-resolution monitoring of cell adhesion, growth, and bio-interface dynamics.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149368259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Decellularized Skin Matrix/GelMA Epidermal-Dermal Skin-on-a-Chip for Transdermal Assessment and Modular Skin-Liver Modeling","authors":"Jiashu Wang,Shuqi Wang,Guohua Wu,Qijun Du,Di Wu,Qinrui Lu,ao xie,Wenqi Hu,Chenwei Sun,Bangchuan Hu,Zipeng Yao,Haijie Hu","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00773b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00773b","url":null,"abstract":"Existing three-dimensional (3D) skin equivalents are limited by long maturation times, incomplete dermal architecture, and poor compatibility with systemic assays. We develop a microfluidic full-thickness skin model using a decellularized skin matrix (DSM)/gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) composite hydrogel to accelerate tissue formation. After optimizing the formulation, the 10% (w/v) GelMA/1% (w/v) DSM composite hydrogel, denoted 10% G-DSM, exhibits a Young's modulus of approximately 28.4 kPa, within the reported range of human skin, and supports fibroblast-keratinocyte co-culture. Combined with interstitial perfusion and air-liquid interface (ALI) culture, the resulting tissue forms a stratified epidermal-dermal bilayer within 7 days and expresses keratin 14 (K14), keratin 10 (K10), claudin-1, and dermal fibronectin. The tissue also shows reduced macromolecular permeability and a water vapor transmission rate close to native skin. Functionally, the model captures epidermal-barrier-dependent responses to vitamin C and retinol, identifies synergistic effects of low-dose combinations on extracellular matrix protein production, and produces an exploratory cytotoxicity ranking that broadly parallels the reference hazard categories of the selected chemicals. Coupling with liver and endothelial modules enables route-dependent hepatotoxicity and bilirubin exposure studies, supporting transdermal efficacy, toxicity, and skin-liver interaction assessment.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3-D Printed Microfluidic Platform for Flow-Induced Dechorionation, Chorion Filtration, and Cell Dissociation of Zebrafish Embryos","authors":"Mohsen Norouzi,Seyedmajid Hosseini,Sydney Barker,Jose Cibelli,Jack Cushman Koch,William Todd Todd Monroe,Terrence R. Tiersch,Jian Xu,Yue Liu","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00569a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00569a","url":null,"abstract":"Zebrafish embryonic cells are essential for a wide range of biotechnological and developmental biology applications including toxicology, disease modelling, genetic engineering, and genetic resource preservation. Efficient preparation of viable cells from zebrafish embryos requires removal of the protective chorion envelop followed by dissociation of embryonic tissues. Conventional approaches rely on manual manipulation or enzymatic treatment such as pronase which are labour-intensive, operator-dependent, costly, and require careful timing and handling to avoid embryo damage and experimental variability. We present for the first time a microfluidic platform that performs zebrafish embryo dechorionation and embryonic cell dissociation within an integrated device. The high-resolution 3D-printed dechorionation–cell dissociation (DCD) microfluidic device integrates mechanical dechorionation, graded micropost-based chorion capture, and flow-assisted embryonic cell dissociation in an enzyme-free, geometry-driven microfluidic system. Numerical simulations confirmed stable laminar flow (Re ≈ 13–344) throughout the device, with a moderate pressure drop (ΔP ≈ 3380 Pa at 1 mL s⁻¹), suggesting that transient embryo blockage at geometric constrictions led to localized confinement-induced chorion rupture in the upstream dechorionation zone, while lower-stress downstream micropost regions (wall shear stress <1 Pa) supported subsequent dissociation of released embryonic fragments and cells. This separation of a geometrically confined dechorionation zone from a lower-stress downstream processing region enables effective chorion rupture while preserving cell viability. Experimental validation at 0.5–2.0 mL s⁻¹ demonstrated reliable chorion rupture, trapping of chorions within the 500-µm micropost layers, and generation of embryo fragments and cells with sizes predominantly <20 µm (median), with 87% singlet events versus 89% for the manual method. Preprocessing and DCD processing took 8 s per embryo, compared with a reported 2 min per embryo for manual dechorionation alone. Cell viability ranged from 73–80%, approaching the manual method (84%), and processed cells remained viable and proliferative in culture for 14 d. A simple backflush rinsing protocol removed a substantial proportion of retained chorion material and supported short-term device reuse. The DCD microfluidic device provides a novel, scalable, reproducible, and enzyme-free microfluidic solution for automated zebrafish embryo processing with potential applications in somatic cell nuclear transfer, diploid germplasm cryopreservation, and biomedical research.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generative Machine Learning Harnesses Droplet Microfluidics to Design Improved Enzymes Beyond the Screen","authors":"Pradeep Nair,Daniel M. Steinberg,Tiago Resende,Angelica Faith Suarez,Helen Power,Cheng Soon Ong,Vijay Sairam,Shelly Hsiao-Ying Cheng,Lorivie Fragata,Alessandro Serafini,Victor Oh,Say Hwa Tan,Robert Speight,Akbar K. Vahidi","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00677a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00677a","url":null,"abstract":"Enzyme engineering plays a vital role in tailoring biocatalyst performance to meet the needs of target applications. However, the number of sequence trajectories possible from a single wildtype enzyme sequence is too vast to traverse experimentally. Here we present a novel approach that first expands the experimentally accessible sequence space using ultrahigh throughput screening (uHTS), and then uses these data to train a generative model, so enzyme design is not limited to variants that have been screened. We targeted the product profile of an unspecific peroxygenase from Aspergillus brasiliensis (AbrUPO), which converts styrene both to the desired styrene oxide and the undesired phenylacetaldehyde. We created a library with more than 5 million different variants expressed in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris). Microfluidic droplet sorting was then used to generate a dataset of >30,000 unique sequences paired with function data. This dataset was then used to train a task-specific generative model using the Variational Search Distributions (VSD) framework. We compared the variants selected by rank aggregation from the screening data (R series) with novel sequences generated by the refined generative model (G series). Wildtype AbrUPO produces styrene oxide and phenylacetaldehyde in nearly equal amounts. Three of the five highest scoring G series variants had a more favorable product ratio, compared with one of the five highest scoring R series variants. The variant most enriched in desired product, G929, produced 2.4-fold more styrene oxide than phenylacetaldehyde, while G3 and G167 improved this ratio 2.3-fold and produced nearly 2-fold more styrene oxide than wildtype AbrUPO. Further analysis confirmed that our task-specific generative model outperforms existing models pre-trained on large publicly available datasets. This unique combination of uHTS and generative machine learning provides an intelligent exploration mechanism to design improved biocatalysts that would escape screening alone.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of biomimetic microfluidic device to study complex flow in small intestines by decoupling geometric determinants","authors":"Kazuki Komatsu,Yuto Shiraiwa,Satoru Kuriu,Naoyuki Yamamoto,Tadashi Ishida","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00667a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00667a","url":null,"abstract":"We present a biomimetic microfluidic device that experimentally decouples three static and dynamic determinants governing flow in the small intestine: villus-like structures, channel height, and dynamic wall deformation associated with intestinal motility. Although these three factors jointly influence luminal transport in vivo, their individual contributions are difficult to quantify because they are intrinsically coupled in native tissue. To enable such quantification, the device incorporates villus-like structures, a tunable channel height, and pneumatically driven wall deformation, allowing these determinants to be independently controlled or combined while reproducing selected geometric features of intestinal architecture. To characterize particle transport in the device, we measured particle displacements in the axial (x) and lateral (y) directions of the channel and quantified their variability using standard deviations. Particle-tracking experiments showed that villus-like structures increased the lateral particle displacement standard deviation (σy). In the presence of villus-like structures, reducing the channel height increased particle displacement in the x direction and σy, although the data did not establish an increase in σy normalized by the mean absolute axial displacement. Dynamic wall deformation increased σy by up to 9.4-fold, and statistically significant increases were detected only at the two smallest channel heights. Under conditions selected to match the channel height of native mouse small-intestinal tissue, σy was of the same order of magnitude as that observed in a microfluidic device in which native tissue forms the flow channel. No statistically significant difference was detected in this comparison.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the male reproductive toxicity of MWCNTs using a human testicular vascular-Sertoli barrier on-a-chip model","authors":"Bin Zhang,Lan Yan,Li-jun Ren,Xuanyao Jiang,Songling Li,Yuxiang Tang,Wangwang Sheng,Xiaofang Zhang,Yijun Tian,Xing Zhang,Jiang-Bo Zhu","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00746e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00746e","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), as widely used engineered nanomaterials, have been reported to cause testicular injury in rodents, but their toxic effects and underlying mechanisms on the human blood-testis barrier (HBTB), which is a critical structural and functional basis for maintaining spermatogenesis and defending against xenobiotics, remain unclear. Methods: A biomimetic human testicular vascular–Sertoli barrier on-a-chip model (human TVSB on-a-chip model) was developed by integrating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and primary human Sertoli cells in a microfluidic platform under physiological shear flow. The model was validated using two known reproductive toxicants, bisphenol A (BPA) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Thus, the model was applied to evaluate the disruptive effects of MWCNTs on TVSB structure and function. Results: Results showed that dynamic shear flow culture significantly enhanced the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 in HUVECs compared with static culture. The chip model exhibited stable barrier function, sustained secretion of androgen-binding protein (ABP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, with lower apparent 70 kDa dextran permeability than the Transwell system under the tested conditions. Short term exposure to MWCNTs increased the relative Sertoli cell number in a dose dependent manner, reduced ABP secretion in the model, and induced localized Vimentin alteration near the micro fence structure. Meanwhile, LDH release showed a non monotonic change, increasing at 6 μg/mL and decreasing at 12 μg/mL. MWCNTs increased the permeability of fluorescein sodium in the model, indicating impaired barrier integrity. Conclusions: The human TVSB on-a-chip model recapitulates key features of the human testicular vascular–Sertoli interface and enables high fidelity evaluation of reproductive toxicity. This platform provides a human relevant in vitro tool for assessing male reproductive toxicity of nanomaterials and other environmental toxicants.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149358960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An IoT-Enabled Hybrid Paper/Polymer-based Microfluidic Device for Rapid Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in foods","authors":"Yihan He,Jinxin Liu,Shenmiao Li,Xin Zhao,Xiaonan Lu","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00666c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00666c","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide and represents a major public health concern. We report an IoT-enabled hybrid paper/polymer-based microfluidic device for rapid detection of C. jejuni in food matrices. This platform integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), CRISPR/Cas12a-based sequence recognition, and lateral flow readout within a foldable paper-based architecture incorporating PDMS reservoirs. An IoT workflow was established to enable automated image capture, result classification, and centralized data transmission. Analytical performance was evaluated using both pure cultures and real food samples. This assay specifically detected C. jejuni with no observed cross-reactivity among the tested strains and achieved a limit of detection of 5800 CFU/mL using the developed microfluidic device. In chicken breast samples, C. jejuni was reliably detected at inoculation levels of 10 0 to 10 3 CFU/g following 6-12 h of enrichment, while higher contamination levels (>10 3 CFU/g) were detectable without enrichment. The complete workflow from DNA extraction to visual readout was completed in ~1 h. By integrating microfluidic sensing, automated data interpretation, and IoT-enabled connectivity, this platform provides a practical and scalable approach for decentralized screening and rapid monitoring of C. jejuni in agri-food system.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149304917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomous paper valves using PDMS vacuum pumps as actuators for colorimetric chrono-sampling","authors":"Pablo E. Guevara-Pantoja,Franco Nicolas Nazar,Idoia Postigo,Fernando Benito-Lopez,Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00389c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00389c","url":null,"abstract":"Colorimetric sensors in paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs) are promising for simple, single-use analytical applications. However, highly sensitive assays often require manual sample loading or active fluid manipulation, such as valving or time delays, which increases complexity and undermines the simplicity of μPADs.Here, we present an autonomous chrono-sampling μPAD integrating colorimetric sensors with paper-based valves actuated by passive PDMS vacuum pumps, designed for simplicity and ease of fabrication. The device incorporates a paper valve actuated by a vacuum pump consisting of an air-permeable PDMS layer. By modifying the channel geometry of the PDMS layer, the pump permeability was tuned, enabling precise control of valve actuation times via a thin polymeric membrane. The pump-membrane system was experimentally characterized and used to parameterize numerical simulations, allowing predictive optimization of device performance.As proof of concept, we demonstrate autonomous monitoring of culture medium pH at four successive time points separated by 45 minutes, with the temporal pH profile obtained from a single image acquired at the end of the experiment. This approach can be readily extended to other sampling intervals and sensor types, leveraging the inherent tunability of PDMSbased systems. Overall, this autonomous chrono-sampling platform enables low-cost, instrument-free, and temporally controlled assays, with potential applications in point-of-care diagnostics, cell culture, environmental monitoring, and time-resolved biochemical analyses.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149304916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reconfigurable 'lab-in-the-air' platform for three-dimensional digital microfluidics <i>via</i> dynamically actuated liquid marbles.","authors":"Jing Jin, Yuanhao Xie, Tong Tong, Lidong Han, Qigong Huang, Huaying Chen","doi":"10.1039/d6lc00844e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc00844e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional digital microfluidics is confined to two-dimensional electrode arrays, limiting its ability to manipulate droplets along arbitrary paths in three-dimensional (3D) space, which is a capability crucial for emulating complex biological interactions or performing flexible chemical synthesis. Here, we transcend this planar paradigm by introducing a reconfigurable 'lab-in-the-air' platform. This platform achieves software-defined, full 3D manipulation of individual droplets by employing liquid marbles (LMs) as stable, encapsulated carriers and actuating them <i>via</i> programmable DC dielectrophoresis using a set of adjustable suspended electrodes. The system reliably executes the complete sequence of pick-up, precision translation, and gentle release of 5-30 μL LMs in open space under 2 kV DC actuation, overcoming the adhesion forces that typically hinder droplet deposition. Integrated computer vision enables closed-loop, intelligent control for autonomous operations. We demonstrate the platform's versatility by programming complex 3D trajectories and executing a multi-step droplet fusion reaction at an arbitrary location in space. This work establishes a fundamentally new paradigm for microfluidics, shifting from fixed, chip-based architectures to a dynamic, airborne laboratory that can be virtually reconfigured on demand for advanced bioassays and chemical processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Bioinspired human stomach-on-a-chip with like function and architecture","authors":"Daniel A. Ferreira,João P. Conde,Mario Rothbauer,Peter Ertl,Pedro L. Granja,Carla Oliveira","doi":"10.1039/d6lc90104b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6lc90104b","url":null,"abstract":"Correction for ‘Bioinspired human stomach-on-a-chip with in vivo like function and architecture’ by Daniel A. Ferreira et al., Lab Chip, 2023, 23, 495–510, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2lc01132h.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149281721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}