{"title":"Intermolecular Dearomative Alkylation–Cyclization Cascade of β-Aryltryptophols: Diastereoselective Access to Furoindolines with Three Contiguous Stereocenters","authors":"Upasana Deka,Sajal Kumar Das","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02187","url":null,"abstract":"Intermolecular dearomative C3-alkylation of indoles bearing an adjacent, sterically encumbered stereocenter presents a dual challenge: overcoming substantial steric hindrance to achieve efficient reactivity and attaining high facial diastereoselectivity. Herein, we report a NaOtBu/Et3B-promoted intermolecular dearomative alkylation–cyclization cascade of β-aryltryptophols that addresses both challenges, affording furoindolines bearing three contiguous stereogenic centers in yields of up to 88%, with the endo-diastereomers consistently obtained as the major products (up to 11.2:1 endo/exo d.r.). The method was demonstrated across 36 examples, incorporating allylic, benzylic, and propargyl bromides as well as methyl iodide, and accommodating diverse electronic variations on both the indole nucleus and the pendant aryl ring of the β-aryltryptophol substrates. An enantioenriched substrate underwent the reaction without detectable racemization (>99:1 e.r.), indicating retention of the pre-existing stereocenter and its stereochemical relay to the newly formed stereocenters. An α-aryltryptophol, in which the stereogenic center is one atom farther from the indole C3 position, also underwent the cascade process, although the corresponding exo-diastereomers were isolated as the major products (up to 5.2:1 exo/endo d.r.).","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radical Anion-Driven, Photocatalyst-Free α-Aminoalkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones","authors":"Nawaphon Saartaiam,Naiyana Saesian,Tomohiro Isono,Rungroj Saruengkhanphasit,Somsak Ruchirawat,Worawat Niwetmarin","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02100","url":null,"abstract":"Radical C–H functionalization at the α-position of amines has intrigued organic chemists for decades. To overcome the requirement for harsh conditions, our strategy involves the 1,5-HAT process to efficiently generate the α-aminoalkyl radical. The reaction is promoted by the formate anion, a single electron reductant, and shows a wide range of compatibility with various quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives and amines. Mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations reveal that the intermediate from radical addition shows a strong reducing ability to propagate the C–H functionalization without the need for a photocatalyst.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Zhang,Cunlin Wang,Zirui Lü,Yongbiao Guo,Zhenhua Gao,Yulong Li,Xiandong Dai,Fanhua Meng
{"title":"Rapid and Green One-Pot Synthesis in Water: Accessing Polypeptides with Two Disulfide Bridges","authors":"Bin Zhang,Cunlin Wang,Zirui Lü,Yongbiao Guo,Zhenhua Gao,Yulong Li,Xiandong Dai,Fanhua Meng","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c00846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c00846","url":null,"abstract":"Regioselective assembly of multiple disulfide bonds in peptides remains a formidable challenge in synthetic peptide chemistry. In this work, a rapid, eco-friendly one-pot strategy for the regioselective synthesis of polypeptides bearing two disulfide bonds was developed. The first disulfide bond was formed via hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidation of dithiol precursors in water, and the second was subsequently established through iodine-triggered deprotection of two acetamidomethyl (Acm) groups under acidic conditions. Using this protocol, a series of bioactive bicyclic peptides with diverse disulfide topologies were efficiently synthesized, with overall isolated yields ranging from 54% to 74%. Remarkably, this method exhibits excellent tolerance toward Trp- and Tyr-containing peptides with no detectable oxidative byproducts; nevertheless, it cannot be applied to Met-bearing peptides, as the thioether side chain of methionine undergoes preferential oxidation. In contrast to previously reported one-pot synthetic methodologies, this approach eliminates buffers and metallic reagents, simplifies the reaction workflow, and employs pure water as the exclusive solvent alongside inexpensive, commercially available reagents. Accordingly, it serves as a mild, efficient, and environmentally benign alternative for the synthesis of two-disulfide-bridged peptides.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electro- and Mechanochemical N-Cyanomethylation and N-Selenylation of a Diverse Array of Biorelevant Aryl(Heteroaryl) Hydrazones: A Robust Dual Green Synthetic Approach","authors":"Pintu Karmakar,Koushik Pal,Goutam Brahmachari","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02013","url":null,"abstract":"We herein disclose a dual synthetic approach involving electrochemical and mechanochemical strategies for the N-cyanomethylation and N-selenylation of aryl(heteroaryl) hydrazones, thereby accessing a new series of diversely functionalized aryl(heteroaryl) hydrazinyl acetonitriles and aryl(heteroaryl) hydrazinyl phenylselenides, respectively. Both methods are fruitfully applicable to the N-cyanomethylation of a group of N-heterocycles. This dual approach highlights the synergy between electrochemistry and mechanochemistry as green and sustainable platforms for constructing value-added nitrile- and organoselenium molecules relevant to medicinal and materials chemistry. The key advantages of these newly developed, green chemistry-driven methodologies include mild reaction conditions using green energy tools, the avoidance of transition metal catalysts, external oxidants, hazardous cyanide sources, and reacting solvents (mechanochemical), a broad substrate scope with excellent functional-group tolerance, good to excellent yields, short reaction times (in minutes), the reusability of the solid surface (mechanochemical), operational simplicity, low E-factors (mechanochemistry), higher Faradaic efficiency (electrochemical), and eco-friendliness. Gram-scale synthesis and late-stage synthetic application of the hydrazinyl acetonitrile compound have also been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pd-Catalyzed Dearomative [4 + 2] Annulation of 3-Substituted NH-Indoles with 2-Methylenepropane-1,3-diol and Its Mono-Aza Variant","authors":"Kriti Yadav,Sajal Kumar Das","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02137","url":null,"abstract":"Pd-catalyzed C3 allylation of indoles with allylic alcohols is well established; however, the use of allylic diols, such as 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diol, in the dearomative annulation of 3-substituted indoles remains unexplored. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed, Et3B-promoted alkylative dearomatization–cyclization cascade of 3-substituted NH-indoles using 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diol, enabling the one-step synthesis of hexahydropyrano[2,3-b]indoles in high yields and with full cis-diastereoselectivity. The method was further extended to the synthesis of cis-fused hexahydropyrido[2,3-b]indoles using the corresponding mono-aza analogue of the diol.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanfei Nian,Jiawei Zhang,Yue Yu,Jingting Yu,Ke Wei,Xujiao Yang,Shengming Lu,Min Liu,Qiuyue Song
{"title":"Electrochemically Driven Denitrogenative Thiolation of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones with Thiols","authors":"Sanfei Nian,Jiawei Zhang,Yue Yu,Jingting Yu,Ke Wei,Xujiao Yang,Shengming Lu,Min Liu,Qiuyue Song","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c01743","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, the electrochemical denitrogenative thiolation of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones with thiols was developed, providing o-thiolated benzamides. This method avoids the use of directing groups and proceeds smoothly at room temperature under air, without adding any transition metal catalyst, ligand, or external redox agent. Radical trapping experiments, control experiments, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies elucidate a plausible reaction mechanism. Notably, the synthetic utility of this protocol is further demonstrated by late-stage derivatization of the product.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cong Li,Zhijian Wang,Xiangyu Zhan,Dan Xiao,Yingjie Gao,Yunfei Du
{"title":"Direct C3-Cyanation of Indoles Enabled by Cyanobenziodoxolone (CBX) and HFIP","authors":"Cong Li,Zhijian Wang,Xiangyu Zhan,Dan Xiao,Yingjie Gao,Yunfei Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c00750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c00750","url":null,"abstract":"A direct C3-cyanation protocol for indole derivatives has been established using cyanobenziodoxolone (CBX) as the cyanating reagent and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as the solvent. This transformation proceeds efficiently under mild, catalyst-free, and inert-atmosphere-free conditions, providing a practical approach for the C3-cyanation of electronically favored indole substrates.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149368391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acidic C─H Functionalization to Access Ketoalkyl-Substituted Quinazolinones by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis.","authors":"Hao Lin, Wan-Lei Yu, Zhiming Wang, Jianguo Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c01915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, we report a novel visible-light-mediated radical cascade for the synthesis of ketoalkyl-substituted fused quinazolinones. This green and highly efficient method employs a readily available iridium photocatalyst and utilizes acetone as both the reaction medium and a C3-building block, enabled by a benzoyl peroxide (BPO)-mediated activation strategy for its α-acidic C─H bond. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that electrophilic oxygen-centered radicals preferentially abstract hydridic C─H bonds, our strategy operates via a distinct pathway that selectively targets acidic C─H bonds. This protocol is compatible with a wide variety of N-cyanamide alkenes as well as other ketones and activated methylene compounds (e.g., esters, acetonitrile, nitromethane). Mechanistic studies, including radical trapping experiments, kinetic isotope effect (KIE) measurements, and Stern-Volmer quenching studies are conducted to support proposed mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149356943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filip Svěrák,Jana Okoročenkova,Josef Filgas,Petr Slavíček,Petr Klán
{"title":"Solvent-Controlled Switching between Electron Transfer and Type II Photosensitization in a Zinc Phthalocyanine–Flavonol Pair","authors":"Filip Svěrák,Jana Okoročenkova,Josef Filgas,Petr Slavíček,Petr Klán","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02231","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of solvent nature on intermolecular interactions within a pair of phthalocyanine and 3-hydroxyflavone (flavonol) derivatives was examined with the aim of activating the UV-absorbing flavonol chromophore by visible/NIR light. Unlike its metal-free analog, Zn-phthalocyanine was found to form a 1:1 complex with flavonol in nonpolar dichloromethane. This complex showed near-diffusion-limited quenching of phthalocyanine fluorescence, which, however, did not lead to flavonol emission or triplet reactivity. A thorough examination of high-level DLPNO-CCSD(T)/CBS and constrained DFT electronic structure calculations revealed that photoinduced electron transfer within the excited complex is thermodynamically feasible. Concurrently, the formation of carbon monoxide from flavonol was observed, facilitated by singlet oxygen, generated by a Type II sensitization via triplet-excited phthalocyanine. In dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), solvent ligation inhibited phthalocyanine/flavonol complexation, and a Type II photosensitization was almost exclusively responsible for the flavonol oxygenation. The suppression of this reaction pathway in degassed DMSO resulted in intermolecular quenching of the phthalocyanine triplet by the flavonol moiety. The Wigner sampling of the T1–S0 energy gaps indicates that intramolecular proton transfer can decrease the flavonol triplet energy sufficiently to enable a nonvertical proton-coupled energy-transfer pathway from phthalocyanine to flavonol. Although this pathway is energetically accessible, it is inefficient.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149360243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lactonization-Controlled Electrostatic Potential Redistribution for Modulating Intramolecular Charge Transfer and Luminescent Behavior","authors":"Fei Meng,Xue-Ying Zhang,Rui Han,Ya-Yu Wang,Xin-Ge Wu,Ling Liang,Ming-Xia Zhang,Wen-Xuan Zhao,Hong-Tao Lin,Shu-Hai Chen,Chuan-Zeng Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c01730","url":null,"abstract":"Four cyanoethylene-functionalized pyrene derivatives were synthesized via Suzuki coupling and subsequent hydrolysis-triggered lactonization. Substituent effects exert pronounced and consistent modulation of photophysical properties both in dilute solution and in the aggregated state. TriFPy exhibited the most significant redshift centered at 508 nm in solution and the highest photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦFL = 60%). BuTriFPy, possessing the smallest calculated HOMO–LUMO energy gap (ΔEg = 3.14 eV), displayed dual emission in dilute solution and the longest solid-state fluorescence lifetime (τ = 3.34 ns). The excellent mechanofluorochromism (MFC) performance and reversible switching behavior of the four materials were rationalized and experimentally corroborated by their microcrystalline architectures and corresponding X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Notably, polymer-induced emission enhancement (2–5 times) and blueshifted emission represent promising design strategies that broaden the applicability of these materials in optoelectronic and flexible material applications. Moreover, the PhPy-based fluorescent extractant can realize high-contrast and high-sensitivity visual extraction of latent fingerprints (LFPs).","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149368389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}