ACS Sensors最新文献

{"title":"Ultrafast Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe and Deep Learning-Assisted On-Site Detection Platform for BAs and Meat Freshness Based on Molecular Engineering","authors":"Xin Miao, Yilin Jiang, Wenjing Liu, Chen Lu, Wenjia Tan, Feng Li, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00490","url":null,"abstract":"As metabolic byproducts and representative indicators of food spoilage, the monitoring and detection for biogenic amines (BAs) are crucial but challenging for food quality assessment. Here, a strategy is proposed by combining fluorescent probe molecular engineering with a portable detection platform integrating a smartphone and a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). Four ratiometric fluorescent probes with tunable intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties are designed by introducing different electron-withdrawing substituents (−F, −OCH₃, −Py, and −CN) to the carbazole. Notably, CNCz exhibits the strongest ICT property and superior sensing performance, with a satisfying detection limit (11 ppb), rapid response (<5 s), and discriminative bathochromic shift (110 nm). Then, a smartphone-based detection platform is fabricated, which enables rapid, visual, and on-site quantitative evaluation of BAs. Furthermore, by integrating DCNN, this platform achieves an impressive 98.5% accuracy in predicting meat freshness. Hereby, this study not only provides a molecular engineering strategy to fine-tune the intrinsic ICT properties to gain high-performance ratiometric fluorescent probes but also presents an intelligent detection platform for BAs and meat freshness with high practical applicability.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informing Deep Learning of Sensing Data with Physics and Chemistry","authors":"Lanqun Mao, ","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c0107510.1021/acssensors.5c01075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01075https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"10 4","pages":"2386–2387 2386–2387"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-Chip Array Fluorescent Sensor for High-Sensitivity Multi-Gas Detection","authors":"Yaorong Xiahou, Bo Wang, He Li, Zhijie Shen, Yejing Jiang, Huizi Li, Sarp Kerman, Fan Wu, Yanyan Fu, Teng Wang, Jiangong Cheng, Chang Chen","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00460","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence array sensors provide an effective strategy to mitigate the cross-reactivity of single fluorescence materials by exploiting their high dimensionality and exceptional sensitivity. However, conventional fluorescent sensing arrays are often hindered by complex and bulky designs, resulting in low cost-effectiveness and severely restricting their potential for integration into compact sensing devices. Benefiting from its high integration advantage, photonic integration technology offers a promising solution for developing low-cost and miniaturized fluorescent gas sensor arrays. In this article, we present a novel fluorescence array sensor based on a silicon nitride photonic integration platform. This innovative device enables lab-on-chip functionality by integrating a microfluidic channel for efficient gas detection in a few square centimeters. The sensor demonstrates exceptional performance, accurately identifying six types of volatile organic compounds and achieving a remarkably low detection limit of 2.8 ppb for <i>N</i>-methylphenethylamine (MPEA). Notably, it exhibits high precision in detecting MPEA even within complex, high-concentration perfume mixtures. Moreover, this technology enables the expansion of the fluorescence array without increasing the sensor’s volume, offering a practical solution for integrated fluorescence sensor array detection.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informing Deep Learning of Sensing Data with Physics and Chemistry","authors":"Lanqun Mao","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01075","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution of sensing technologies has started an era of data-rich instrumentation, enabling real-time monitoring of chemical, biological, and environmental systems with unprecedented resolution. In the meantime, these data sets are often nonlinear, noisy, and context-dependent, posing formidable challenges for conventional data processing/analysis methods. Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a transformative tool to tackle extreme complexity, with a classical model training landscape on raw sensor readings to extract hierarchical features. (1) Under clarified or controlled conditions, this approach can yield acceptable results. However, the “black box” nature of many state-of-the-art DL models leads to treatment of the underlying physical and chemical processes as implicit unknowns, thus increasing the risk of inaccurate and unrobust predictions when applied to real-world scenarios characterized by high dimensionality, shifting backgrounds and unpredictable interferences. (2) For instance, electrochemical sensors rely on faradaic processes, which frequently converge with nonfaradaic contributions from the electrical double-layer structural fluctuations when local environment changes or nonspecific adsorption occurs. Current issues stem from the inability of traditional models to generalize beyond the specific training data set without learning the underlying principles. Therefore, we advocate for generative DL approaches empowered by domain-specific knowledge from physics and chemistry to bridge the gap. Mechanistic factors can be integrated into DL architectures, such as governing equations, conservation laws, or reaction kinetics. With informed generative models, we may align neural networks with ground truths, like incorporating mass transport equations into neural networks for voltammetric signal analysis or using thermodynamic constraints in graph neural networks to model gas diffusion in porous sensor materials. These physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a promising avenue for incorporating physical laws directly into model architecture. (3) By embedding differential equations describing the sensing behavior into the loss function, the model can be constrained to adhere to known physical principles during training. This approach is particularly valuable when dealing with complex sensing mechanisms where analytical solutions are unavailable. For instance, in microfluidic sensors, computational fluid dynamics equations can be incorporated into the loss function, ensuring the model obeying fluid flow and diffusion rules. Another example I can imagine is the electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) sensor. Rather than feeding raw EIS data to a model, equivalent circuit parameters, such as charge transfer resistance and double-layer capacitance that directly reflect the sensor–analyte interaction, can be first derived to reduce the dimensionality of the input space, endowing the model with inherently more informative and i","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive Detection of Acoustic Vibration at Nanometer Scale","authors":"Hanyu Liu, Jinling Ma, Mingcai Xie, Weiqing Yang, Sushu Wan, Daocheng Hong, Zhihong Wei, Yuxi Tian","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00393","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of vibrations at nanometer scale is crucial for a variety of applications. The spatial resolution of acoustic detection is limited to micrometers due to its long wavelength. Single-molecule probes with a gold nanorod (GNR) have been proposed to detect an acoustic wave at the nanometer scale at room temperature. However, the detection efficiency is extremely low due to the random distribution of probe molecules and GNRs, and the detection can be used only in solid phases. In this work, we chemically linked the GNR and probe molecules using dsDNA, which provided precise distance control. Compared to the previous work, the detection sensitivity was improved by 2 orders of magnitude, approaching the theoretical detection limit, and the detection efficiency was improved from below 1% to over 95%. Furthermore, such a dsDNA connection allows sensitive detection of acoustic wave under water by a single nanodetector for “listening” to musical sounds covering two octaves. These results suggest that our achievement in precise distance control represents a significant step toward the practical application of single molecule detection of acoustic wave.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen-Sensitive Optical Nanosensors: Current Advances and Future Perspectives","authors":"Adrian A. Mendonsa, Kevin J. Cash","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00180","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen sensing is essential across a wide range of fields, from understanding cellular metabolism and disease mechanisms to optimizing industrial and environmental processes. In this Perspective, we highlight key developments in optical architectures (at the nanometer to sub-micrometer scale), including their transduction methods and applications to <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>/<i>in situ</i>, and nonbiological systems. We also discuss future directions for the field in the domain of expanding extra/intracellular and nonbiological sensing. We address improving accessibility for nonexpert users through the need for standardized protocols and scalable production methods. Furthermore, we advocate for fostering interdisciplinary collaborations through academic incubators, conference networking, and strategic citation practices to bridge gaps between fundamental research and applied science to expand the impact of these tools to researchers outside the sensing field. Addressing these challenges will help drive the development of more versatile and widely accessible oxygen sensors, thus advancing innovation across diverse disciplines.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Fluorescence-Based Sensors to Support Rare Earth Element Separation","authors":"Poki Tse, Alyssa F. Espley, Jason M. Rakos, Qingpu Wang, Chinmayee V. Subban, Samuel A. Bryan, Amanda M. Lines","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00833","url":null,"abstract":"Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential to most renewable energy technologies. Unfortunately, as we transition to sustainable energy production, the demand for REEs rapidly grows well beyond the current rates of production. As a result, novel means of efficient, scalable, and easily adaptable methods for processing primary and recycled feedstocks are needed. Development and integration of sensors for highly selective in-line monitoring can support more efficient design and testing of such novel separation processes as well as more cost-effective deployment of those separation flowsheets. Work here will explore the application of fluorescence spectroscopy, a highly sensitive and selective technique, to quantify multiple lanthanides in complex mixtures, including known interferents or quenching agents. Results include identification of the optimal excitation wavelength and the limit of detection of various rare earth elements, as well as the performance of data-science-based quantification approaches in streams where “unknowns” are present. Overall, the data science tools in conjunction with optical sensor data were able to quantify analytes in the presence of other lanthanides anticipated to be in the actual industrial stream. Here, we include the characterization of lanthanides in a microfluidic device similar to those used in new process development. This study demonstrates the capability of utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy to quantify analytes in a complicated solution matrix, suggesting this as a successful approach for in-line monitoring to optimize the separation efficiency in an industrial stream.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmable and Spatial Stiffness Gradient Substrates for Highly Robust Artificial Skins","authors":"Qibin Zhuang, Yiyi Zhang, Lianjie Lu, Xin Liu, Wei Xiao, Zhiwen Chen, Yunhao Yang, Han Wu, Enbo Jia, Zihan Zhao, Zhengmao Ding, Gaofeng Zheng, Yang Zhao, Dezhi Wu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03584","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable artificial skins have garnered great interest for their potential applications in real-time human–machine interaction and equipment operation status monitoring. The local stiffer structure areas on the substrates for the functional elements have been verified to improve the robustness of the artificial skins, but it remains challenging to achieve robust sensing performance under mechanical deformation due to large mechanical mismatch and the intricate fabrication process. Herein, we propose an easy strategy for fabricating a substrate with spatial and programmable stiffness gradients to greatly decrease strain interference and increase the robustness under stretching and bending. The substrate was fabricated by direct writing PDMS with laser gelation, where the sensing elements lay on the place with higher stiffness. The modulus of the substrates varied up to 10-fold, and they also show excellent adhesive properties and durability. This configuration of the spatial stiffness gradient effectively inhibits the deformation strain effect of stretching and bending on the sensing elements. Prototype flexible sensors and light-emitting diodes can be integrated into stretchable artificial skins to exhibit highly robust performance during dynamic deformations, demonstrating an efficient pathway for fabricating robust stretchable electronics, especially for real-time health surveillance.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Reproducibility and -Stability All-Solid-Contact Nitrate Ion-Selective Electrode with CoWSe2 as Solid Contact for Nitrate Monitoring in Wetland Soil","authors":"Yanhong Li, Yunzhe Pan, Yihan Xing, Hongyu Cao, Jia Liu, Zerui Zhang, Chunyuan Tian, Chao Shi, Feng Luan, Xuming Zhuang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00274","url":null,"abstract":"The monitoring of nitrate ions is of great significance for human health, agricultural development, and environmental protection. All-solid-state nitrate ion-selective electrodes (ASS-NO₃^–-ISEs), as an important NO₃^– analysis method, still have two challenges of poor stability and reproducibility due to the ill-defined phase boundary between the solid-contact (SC) layer and the ion-selective membrane (ISM). In this work, a novel strategy for constructing the ASS-NO₃^–-ISEs based on CoWO₄, CoWS₄, CoWSe₂, or CoSe₂ as SC layers was reported for improving the stability and reproducibility. The result shows that the developed CoWSe₂-based NO₃^–-ISE exhibits a good Nernstian response slope of −61.9 ± 0.4 mV dec^–1 in the activity range from 1.0 × 10^–6 to 7.5 × 10^–2 M and a detection limit of 1.0 × 10^–6 M. A good long-term stability (as low as 2.3 ± 0.4 μV h^–1) of the CoWSe₂-based NO₃^–-ISE is the primary reason for the high redox capacitance of the ternary selenide. Experimental results show a surprisingly good reproducibility of approximately 0.5 mV for five individual ASS-NO₃^–-ISEs. Notably, electrochemical experiments and scanning electron microscopy mapping tests are used to predict the ion–electron transduction mechanism in which the lipophilic anion (tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate) participates in the transduction process at the SC/ISM interface to stabilize the electrode potential and provide high reproducibility. It was further proved that the introduction of CoWSe₂ as the SC layer maintains an excellent anti-interference to water layers, light, and gas. Hence, the CoWSe₂-based ASS-NO₃^–-ISEs achieve accurate detection for free NO₃^– in wetland soil and the estuary of the Yellow River delta.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Color Visualization of Hepatic Fibrosis and Multidimensional Assessment of Therapeutic Drugs by a Multifunctional Single-Molecular Fluorescent Probe","authors":"Jiale Ou, Min Fang, Man Chen, Chengyuan Wang, Xianyun Xu, Qi Wang, Yan Feng, Xiangming Meng","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00183","url":null,"abstract":"There is a high relevance between changes in ClO^– levels/mitochondrial morphology and the development of hepatic fibrosis; however, the efficient tools that are capable of real-time monitoring both of them and exploring their interrelations are extremely rare. Herein, we developed a multifunctional fluorescent probe based on a “three-in-one” strategy, named <b>Mito-XS</b>, which is firmly anchored in mitochondria, allowing for the ratiometric detection of ClO^– and the accurate analysis of mitochondrial morphology. Probe <b>Mito-XS</b> can sensitively capture the changes of ClO^– levels in mitochondria and successfully achieve simultaneous real-time monitoring of ClO^– levels and mitochondrial morphology during oxidative stress. Utilizing probe <b>Mito-XS</b>, the evaluations of three therapeutic drugs (silymarin, methyl ferulic acid, and puerarin) on protecting cells from CCl₄-induced damage were visualized by assessing their capabilities of inhibiting ClO^– levels and maintaining mitochondrial morphology. Furthermore, dual-color imaging in hepatic fibrosis mice models revealed the exacerbation of hepatic fibrosis, and the therapeutic effect of puerarin can be tracked by the fluctuation of ClO^– levels. Therefore, probe <b>Mito-XS</b> is an effective imaging tool to monitor mitochondrial morphology and ClO^– levels at the same time and has the potential to work as an evaluation tool to screen therapeutic drugs for hepatic fibrosis treatment.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}