Biomaterials Science最新文献

{"title":"Bio-based tannic acid-assisted engineering of Au NP-enriched PES membranes for potential hemodialysis applications.","authors":"Aleksandra Domke, Barbara Piechel, Mariusz Sandomierski, Zuzanna Buchwald, Maria Ratajczak, Anna Rossanese, Silvia Spriano, Marta Trzaskowska, Paulina Kazimierczak, Vladyslav Vivcharenko, Agata Przekora, Marta Woźniak-Budych, Katarzyna Staszak","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01389a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm01389a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of advanced hemodialysis membranes with improved hemocompatibility and antibacterial functionality remains a significant challenge in biomedical engineering. In this work, polyethersulfone (PES) mixed-matrix membranes enriched with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were fabricated using a solvent-nonsolvent phase inversion method combined with <i>in situ</i> nanoparticle synthesis. Tannic acid (TA), a naturally occurring polyphenol, was incorporated into the casting solution to act as a multifunctional bio-based modifier, enabling strong interactions with both the PES matrix and Au nanoparticles. This strategy was designed to enhance nanoparticle immobilization, reduce potential nanoparticle leaching, and simultaneously introduce antioxidant properties. The resulting membranes were comprehensively characterized using a range of complementary techniques. Filtration performance was evaluated in terms of pure water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection, and the removal of low- and middle-molecular-weight model uremic toxins, including creatinine, uric acid, and lysozyme. In addition, protein adsorption from human blood plasma, antioxidant activity, hemocompatibility, whole blood clotting, cytotoxicity using HUVEC cells, and antibiofilm activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were investigated. Structural analyses confirmed the successful <i>in situ</i> formation and distribution of Au nanoparticles within the membrane matrix, with tannic acid playing a key role in their stabilization and retention. The incorporation of Au NPs improved the membrane hydrophilicity and significantly increased pure water flux while maintaining high creatinine and uric acid clearance and enhanced BSA rejection. Au-containing membranes also demonstrated increased lysozyme clearance, reaching approximately 39% for the 50Au membrane, indicating enhanced transport of middle-molecular-weight solutes. Furthermore, Au incorporation significantly reduced protein adsorption from human plasma and decreased whole blood clot formation compared with the TA-containing control membrane. The membranes exhibited strong antioxidant activity, excellent hemocompatibility with hemolysis ratios below 1.5%, and no cytotoxic effects toward endothelial cells. Furthermore, Au-containing membranes demonstrated effective inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation, particularly against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Overall, the developed PES/TA-Au nanocomposite membranes combine high filtration efficiency with multifunctional biological properties, including antioxidant, hemocompatibility, antifouling, and antibiofilm activities. These results highlight their potential as advanced materials for hemodialysis applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149339913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational optimization of lipid nanoparticles enables efficient and low-activation mRNA delivery to platelets.","authors":"Yuxin Dai, Rong Zhou, Yaoyu Zhang, Ziru Huang, Hong Cheng, Qingyi Sun, Yaohua Li, Chenfei Wang, Si Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d6bm00534a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm00534a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in gene delivery technologies have opened new avenues for modulating platelet function and expanding their applications in cell-based therapies. However, as anucleate cells, platelets have long faced the dual challenge of low transfection efficiency and susceptibility to activation during genetic manipulation. Here, we report a rationally optimized lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation for efficient and low-activation mRNA delivery to platelets by systematically tuning the 1,2-dioleoyl-<i>sn-glycero</i>-3-phosphocholine (DOPC)/cholesterol molar ratio. Five LNP formulations composed of ALC-0315, DOPC, cholesterol, and DMG-PEG₂₀₀₀ were prepared and evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties, mRNA encapsulation, platelet activation, and transfection efficiency. We found that varying the DOPC/cholesterol ratio was associated with differences in nanoparticle morphology, platelet responses, and delivery efficiency, with F3 showing the highest reporter expression among the five formulations tested. The optimized formulation enabled efficient expression of functional superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mRNA in platelets without inducing significant activation. Functional studies showed that SOD2 overexpression markedly reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and total ROS levels while preserving platelet ultrastructure and aggregation function. This study establishes a platelet-compatible LNP platform for functional mRNA delivery and provides new insights into the structure-activity relationship of LNP formulations in platelet gene delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149339914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronan hydrogels optimally support rhabdomyosarcoma patient-derived organoids that recapitulate gene expression profiles of individual patient tumors.","authors":"Yunyun Wang, Aiswariya Vadivellu, Nathaniel S H Too, Samantha A Gan, Megan R E Wong, Sheng Hui Tan, Kenneth T E Chang, Eliza L S Fong, Amos H P Loh","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01209d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm01209d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recapitulating aspects of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for accurate <i>in vitro</i> modeling of mesenchymal tumors, as they directly regulate tumor cell behavior. Rhabdomyosarcoma, the most common malignant mesenchymal tumor, self-secretes ECM proteins, particularly hyaluronic acid (HA). We sought to establish whether 3D HA hydrogels could support the viability of rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells and maintain their gene expression profiles in short-term culture. Organoids established from patient-derived xenografts (PDXOs) were cultured in 3D hydrogels with varying HA and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) concentrations and compared with 2D and ultra low-attachment (ULA) conditions. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed to identify associated molecular processes and signaling pathways. PDXO cluster formation and tumor cell viability was best maintained with 1.25% HA gels containing 73.7 mg mL^-1 RGD. Expression of innate immunity genes involving macrophage activation differed most significantly across culture conditions, with adherent conditions showing the greatest upregulation of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-related genes involved in immune suppression. Compared to other culture conditions, global gene expression profiles of PDXOs cultured in 1.25% HA (RGD 73.7 mg mL^-1) were most similar to those of the original PDX tumors, especially in genes associated with myogenesis. HA- and RGD-based hydrogels can optimally support <i>ex vivo</i> culture of patient-derived rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells as three-dimensional organoids, and maintain gene expression profiles most similar to the original tumors. This can facilitate the establishment of individualized biologically realistic 3D <i>in vitro</i> models of these rare and aggressive tumors for preclinical drug discovery and clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining alum with a TLR7-nanoparticle adjuvant enhances vaccine-elicited humoral and cellular immunity.","authors":"Sijin Huang, Qiuya Li, Riya D Patel, Xiaowo Kang, Qian Yin","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01271j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm01271j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rational integration of complementary adjuvant mechanisms offers a promising strategy to overcome immunodominance while simultaneously enhancing vaccine-elicited humoral and cellular immunity. Here, we investigated how combining aluminum hydroxide (Alum) with a previously developed nanoparticle platform for intracellular delivery of a Toll-like receptor 7 agonist (TLR7-NP) reshapes early antigen-presenting cell responses and downstream adaptive immunity. Following immunization, the combination of Alum and TLR7-NP broadened antigen acquisition across B cells and multiple dendritic cell subsets, including conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s), conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2s), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), while promoting their activation in draining lymph nodes. These early responses were followed by enhanced plasmablast expansion, germinal center B cell responses, and T follicular helper cell differentiation. Notably, nanoparticle-mediated TLR7 signaling promoted germinal center responses against the conserved, immunosubdominant S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, while combination with Alum further amplified the magnitude of this response. The combined formulation consequently accelerated the generation of S2-specific antibodies and produced the strongest early cross-reactive antibody responses against diverse coronavirus spike proteins. In addition, Alum and TLR7-NP synergistically enhanced IFN-γ and granzyme B-producing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses. Together, these findings demonstrate that combining Alum-mediated adjuvanticity with nanoparticle-mediated intracellular TLR7 signaling can reshape antigen-presenting cell engagement to enhance antibody breadth and cellular immunity, providing a design principle for combining complementary biomaterial-based adjuvants in next-generation vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost and scalable synthesis of α-poly(L-glutamic acid) for superficial skin wound repair.","authors":"Xiaodong Jing, Letian Wang, Shuo Wang, Jiaqi Xin, Zhengyang Chang, Chen Wang, Shaokui Li, Jianxun Ding, Hua Lu","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01136e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm01136e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superficial skin repair demands high-performance, biocompatible medical dressings, drawing widespread attention to poly(glutamic acid) (PGA) in cosmetics and biomedicine. While γ-PGA, linked by γ-peptide bonds distinct from those in human proteins, is widely produced <i>via</i> scalable fermentation, it suffers from poor molecular weight control and cumbersome endotoxin removal. In contrast, α-PGA with native-like α-peptide bonds offers superior properties and biosafety but faces synthetic challenges. Here, we achieved a concise, hundreds-gram synthesis of well-defined, high-purity α-PGA <i>via</i> the ring-opening polymerization of unprotected glutamic <i>N</i>-carboxyanhydride. α-PGA-Na with a degree of polymerization of 20 displays superior hydration capacity compared with commercially fermented high-molecular-weight γ-PGA-Na and delivers comprehensive bioactivity in regulating cell viability, relative proliferative activity, migration, and alleviating UVB-induced cellular senescence. Furthermore, α-PGA-Na causes no acute skin or eye irritation <i>in vivo</i>, mitigates erythema, relieves pain-related behavioral responses, and facilitates early superficial wound healing. This work highlights α-PGA's dual potential as a cosmetic ingredient and liquid dressing, advancing tailored polypeptide materials for skincare and wound care.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149316110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A photopatternable multiplex GelMA platform for studying small EV-brain endothelial interactions and direction-resolved glioblastoma spheroid outgrowth.","authors":"Seyed Nasir Hosseini Karimi, Nadin Bedikyan, Muhammet Atay Özten, Ceren Unal, Ebru Celik, Ferdi Oguz, Melike Kocahasan, Emel Sokullu","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01351a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm01351a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) photopatterning enables spatial tumour-endothelial cultures, but formulation selection and imaging readouts must account for endothelial responses and heterogeneous tumour outgrowth. Four GelMA/Irgacure 2959 formulations (3 or 5% w/v polymer; 0.5 or 1% w/v photoinitiator) were screened using freeze-dried scanning electron microscopy, hydrated rheology, metabolic activity and expression of five endothelial-associated genes. The 3% GelMA/0.5% photoinitiator formulation (Gel3PI0.5) yielded the highest mean biological readouts in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). An ordered array of U87-containing microconstructs was photopatterned using this formulation and assembled onto a separately prepared BMEC-laden compartment. Endothelial marker retention and area-normalised impedance characterised the resulting static construct. A small extracellular-vesicle (EV) fraction isolated directly from human amniotic fluid was evaluated by bulk quantitative polymerase chain reaction and sector-based imaging. Two complementary descriptors quantified the 90th percentile distance of U87-positive pixels from the aggregate centre (P90) and their area occupancy within a 500 µm radius (<i>C</i>₅₀₀). At Day 8, 50 µg mL^-1 EV-associated protein increased P90 relative to untreated BMEC-free cultures without a resolved <i>C</i>₅₀₀ difference; in BMEC-containing cultures, 75 <i>versus</i> 25 µg mL^-1 increased <i>C</i>₅₀₀ without a resolved P90 difference. Thus, radial extent and local occupancy captured different condition-associated outgrowth features. Within the 5% polymer pair, lower initiator loading improved mean metabolic activity without a corresponding decrease in representative storage modulus, supporting biological criteria for material selection. The unmatched doses across endothelial contexts support within-arm and predefined-condition comparisons; they do not isolate an endothelial-by-EV interaction or establish functional blood-brain barrier behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type III collagen-enriched scaffolds modulate skin wound healing.","authors":"Nancy Avila-Martinez, Roman Krymchenko, Martin Konovalov, Merel Gansevoort, Maren Pfirrmann, Marcel Vlig, Martijn Verdoes, Bouke K H L Boekema, Toin H van Kuppevelt, Willeke F Daamen","doi":"10.1039/d6bm00594b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm00594b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The major dermal component of adult skin, type I collagen (Col I), has been widely used in skin substitutes to improve wound healing. Modulating the wound microenvironment remains challenging. Fetal skin heals with limited scarring and contains higher levels of type III collagen (Col III), which decline with aging, suggesting a role in wound healing. To investigate the potential benefit of Col III in wound healing, porous crosslinked sponges with different Col I/III ratios mimicking three developmental stages were created. Atelocollagen enriched in Col III was successfully obtained from human placenta. Upon combining Col III enriched atelocollagen with Col I collagen fibrils in Col I + III scaffolds, a higher Col III content altered pore morphology and reduced scaffold stiffness. <i>In vitro</i>, Col III-containing scaffolds downregulated <i>TGFB3</i> in human dermal fibroblasts. M0 macrophages cultured on these scaffolds exhibited surface marker profiles suggesting a shift toward a pro-healing M2-like phenotype. In a rat full-thickness wound model, the presence of the Col III preparation led to a reduced wound deformation, an epidermal thickness better resembling native skin, and faster scaffold degradation after 28 days than Col I alone. These findings highlight the potential of the human Col III enriched placental extract as a skin substitute component to regulate wound healing in acute wound treatment, with possible future applications in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a bimetallic Cu@Ce nanozyme cascade biosensor with multi-enzyme activities for detection of alendronate sodium.","authors":"Congying Ding, Feng Yang, Zihui Chen, Guoqing Zhao, Lamei Zhou, Wanqing Yue","doi":"10.1039/d6bm00754f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm00754f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, a bimetallic Cu@Ce nanozyme was fabricated <i>via</i> electrostatic self-assembly using positively-charged Arg-CeO₂ and negatively-charged Asp-Cu as building blocks, rather than through simple physical mixing of the two precursors. Benefiting from Cu@Ce interfacial electronic redistribution and abundant oxygen-vacancy defects, the resulting Cu@Ce exhibits well-balanced phosphatase-like, laccase-like and ascorbate oxidase-like triple enzyme-mimicking activities, which cannot be achieved by individual Asp-Cu or Arg-CeO₂ components. Leveraging the intrinsic multi-enzyme properties of Cu@Ce, a fluorescence-colorimetric dual-mode cascade sensing platform was constructed for the screening of bisphosphonate-class drugs without introducing additional natural or exogenous nanozymes. As a representative bisphosphonate, alendronate sodium (ALDS) can electrostatically adsorb onto the nanozyme surface and competitively suppress the phosphatase-like activity of Cu@Ce. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence channel shows a linear range of 0.5-80 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.14 μM, whereas the colorimetric channel delivers a broader detection window of 1-120 μM with an LOD of 0.68 μM. The two independent signal outputs enable mutual cross-validation, improving both the anti-interference capability and detection reliability of the system. The sensing platform has been successfully applied to the determination of ALDS in lake-water samples with satisfactory recoveries. Free from tedious chemical derivatization and bulky high-cost instruments, this platform acts as a highly promising complementary analytical tool for on-site rapid screening of bisphosphonate-class drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin-loaded alkali-heat-treated titanium modulates macrophage inflammatory responses.","authors":"Andrew Cedillo, Niloufar Abedi, Sahar Vahabzadeh, Miya Kang","doi":"10.1039/d6bm01221c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6bm01221c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic inflammation at the implant-tissue interface is a major contributor to implant failure. Therefore, enhancing the biological response of titanium (Ti) surfaces is critical for promoting early osseointegration and improving long-term implant stability. In this study, alkali-heat-treated (AHT) Ti was evaluated as a platform for the controlled delivery of curcumin (Cur), a natural anti-inflammatory compound. The release kinetics of curcumin and the interactions between curcumin-loaded AHT Ti surfaces and RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated <i>in vitro</i>. Various polymer coating strategies were applied to modulate curcumin release. The presence of poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) reduced the curcumin release under both physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.0) conditions, with uncoated AHT samples exhibiting the greatest cumulative release (∼21.3 μg) in Study 1. Increasing the loaded curcumin amount from 100 to 300 μg resulted in a decrease in the release for both pH 7.4 and pH 5.0, whereas the incorporation of polyethylene glycol/polycaprolactone (PEG/PCL) coating enhanced the gradual curcumin release (Study 2). Increasing the curcumin loading from 50 to 100 and 300 μg increased the total amount of curcumin released, with the 300 μg group exhibiting a more gradual release profile. However, the percentage of curcumin released decreased as the loading amount increased (Study 3). When macrophages were cultured on Ti surfaces, AHT samples exhibited higher cell viability than polished (P) control samples, and the presence of curcumin reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. While macrophages cultured on AHT surfaces exhibited a transient increase in pro-inflammatory marker expression at 24 h compared with polished surfaces, the expression of these markers was reduced by 48 h. Notably, curcumin significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression at both the gene and protein levels and suppressed NF-κB activation in macrophages exposed to inflammatory stimuli. Overall, the sustained and controlled release of curcumin from AHT Ti surface is highly dependent on the curcumin loading amount as well as the presence and composition of the polymer coating. Moreover, both AHT and curcumin significantly reduced inflammatory responses in macrophages, demonstrating the potential of the curcumin-loaded AHT Ti platform as an immunomodulatory surface for improving the biological performance and long-term success of Ti implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell-delivery hydrogels with shear-thinning injectability promote bone healing in distraction osteogenesis.","authors":"Ruixian Lian, Qi Pan, Dong Zhou, Yucong Li, Lan Xiao, Wayne Y W Lee, Yulin Li, Gang Li","doi":"10.1039/d6bm00830e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6bm00830e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used surgical procedure for limb lengthening, deformity correction, and management of segmental bone defects. However, delayed bone consolidation can lead to a long treatment time and poor healing quality, which remains an unsolved clinical problem. Herein, a bioactive injectable material (BIM) was developed to improve the clinical outcome of DO. A naturally-derived polymer (gelatin) composed of bioactive silicate-nanodisk (LAPONITE®) was crosslinked with natural-origin genipin. The BIM features sustainable linear release of pro-osteogenic components (Mg²⁺, Li⁺ and Si⁴⁺ ions) and linear biodegradability upon gradual tensile loading during the DO procedure. The BIM promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) <i>in vitro</i>, with RUNX2 and OCN mRNA expression upregulated by 112% and 160%, respectively, and VEGF expression increased by 357% (<i>p</i> < 0.01). In a rat DO model, single injection of the MSC-laden BIM during the distraction phase significantly augmented healing quality, with BV/TV increasing by 358% and BMD by 288% compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Mechanical testing revealed a 243% increase in maximum load (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and immunohistochemical staining confirmed enhanced blood vessel formation. The special design of this novel injectable material together with MSC transplantation provides a novel strategy to reconstruct a favorable microenvironment for bone regeneration, unachievable by the traditional methods (using growth factors like BMP-2 or VEGF with high cost and poor stability), which provides insight into the development of a promising translatable biomaterial-enhanced strategy for DO.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}