Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Biological effects and mechanisms of dietary chalcones: latest research progress, future research strategies, and challenges.","authors":"Yun Liang Zhang, Shuang Jiao Sun, Li Zeng","doi":"10.1039/d4fo03618b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo03618b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary plants are an indispensable part of the human diet, and the various natural active compounds they contain, especially polyphenols, polysaccharides, and amino acids, have always been a hot topic of research among nutritionists. As precursors to polyphenolic substances in dietary plants, chalcones are not only widely distributed but also possess a variety of biological activities due to their unique structure. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive article summarizing the biological activities and mechanisms of dietary chalcones. This review began by discussing the dietary sources and bioavailability of chalcones, providing a comprehensive description of their biological activities and mechanisms of action in antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and resistance to pathogenic microbes. Additionally, based on the latest research findings, some future research strategies and challenges for dietary chalcones have been proposed, including computer-aided design and molecular docking, targeted biosynthesis and derivative design, interactions between the gut microbiota and chalcones, as well as clinical research. It is expected that this review will contribute to supplementing the scientific understanding of dietary chalcones and promoting their practical application and the development of new food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral delivery of electrohydrodynamically encapsulated <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> CRD7 modulates gut health, antioxidant activity, and cytokines-related inflammation and immunity in mice.","authors":"Vinay Venkatesh Varada, Sachin Kumar, Sravani Balaga, Antony Johnson Thanippilly, Heartwin A Pushpadass, Rashmi H M, Babu Lal Jangir, Nitin Tyagi, Ashish Kumar Samanta","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02732a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02732a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of <i>L. plantarum</i> CRD7 on performance and gut health biomarkers in a Swiss albino mouse model. The results showed that supplementation with non-encapsulated (NLP) and electrohydrodyanamically encapsulated <i>L. plantarum</i> CRD7 (ELP) for four weeks significantly increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) body weight and weekly feed intake of mice. Specifically, these interventions strengthened the gut barrier functions, as evidenced by the increased expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, ZO-1, and occludin), inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6), and promoting short-chain fatty acid production. Histopathological examination revealed no probiotic-related adverse effects in liver and intestinal tissues. Furthermore, ELP and NLP possess the ability to regulate immunity and antioxidant capacity in mice. Notably, the supplementation of ELP modified the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria (<i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifibacterium</i>) and suppressing pathogenic bacteria (<i>E. coli</i> and <i>C. perfringens</i>), thereby restoring a balanced gut microbiota. Taken together, oral delivery of encapsulated <i>L. plantarum</i> CRD7 can modify the composition of the gut microbiota, fortify the intestinal barrier functions, maintain the gastrointestinal equilibrium, and augment the immune and antioxidant capacity. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights for the potential application of encapsulated probiotic products in food and feed formulations aimed at alleviating gut diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute supplementation with a curcuminoid-based formulation fails to enhance resting or exercise-induced NRF2 activity in males and females.","authors":"Josh Thorley, Abrar Alhebshi, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Zicheng Zhang, Stephen J Bailey, Neil R W Martin, Nicolette C Bishop, Tom Clifford","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02681k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02681k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose</i>: Exercise and (poly)phenols may activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that coordinates antioxidant synthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether curcuminoid supplementation augments resting and exercise-induced NRF2 activity. <i>Methods</i>: In a double-blinded, randomised, between-subjects design, 14 males and 12 females performed plyometric exercise (100 drop jumps, 50 squat jumps) following 4 d supplementation with a curcuminoid-based formulation (CUR + EX; <i>n</i> = 13; ∼200 mg d^-1 curcuminoids) or a placebo (PLA + EX; <i>n</i> = 13). NRF2/DNA binding in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and plasma cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) were measured pre-, post-, 1, 2 h post-exercise. Curcuminoid metabolites were measured 0, 1, 2 h post-administration of a single bolus. <i>Results</i>: Total area under the curve for total curcuminoid metabolites was greater in CUR + EX (<i>p</i> < 0.01), with bioavailability peaking at 2 h post administration (CUR + EX: [0 h] 80.9 ± 117 nM [1 h] 76.6 ± 178.5 nM [2 h] 301.1 ± 584.7 nM; PLA + EX: [0 h] 10.4 ± 1.6 [1 h] 8.5 ± 2.6 [2 h] 10.6 ± 2.1). NRF2 activity did not increase in PLA + EX (<i>p</i> = 0.78) or CUR + EX (<i>p</i> = 0.76); however, curcuminoid metabolite concentrations did positively predict NRF2/DNA binding (<i>R</i>² = 0.39; <i>p</i> = 0.02). Exercise increased IL-6 (<i>p</i> = 0.03) but TNF-α was unresponsive (<i>p</i> = 0.97) and lower across PLA + EX (<i>p</i> = 0.03). GPX activity was higher in CUR + EX (<i>p</i> < 0.01) but not in PLA + EX (<i>p</i> = 0.94). <i>Conclusion</i>: Supplementation with a curcuminoid-based formulation failed to augment resting or exercise-induced NRF2/DNA binding; however, higher concentrations of curcuminoid metabolites predicted NRF2/DNA binding response, suggesting effects may be dependent on bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> 207-27 alters the microbiota-gut-brain axis to improve wearable device-measured sleep duration in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Jinxing Li, Jincheng Zhao, Xiaolei Ze, Liang Li, Yapeng Li, Zhimo Zhou, Simou Wu, Wen Jia, Meixun Liu, Yun Li, Xi Shen, Fang He, Ruyue Cheng","doi":"10.1039/d4fo01684j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo01684j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: Probiotics have been reported to exert beneficial effects on sleep through the gut-brain axis. Therefore, this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> 207-27 supplementation on sleep quality and its safety and potential mechanisms. <i>Method and study design</i>: Healthy adults under mild stress aged 18-35 years consumed low or high doses of <i>L. paracasei</i> 207-27 or a placebo for 28 days. Fecal samples, blood samples, and questionnaires were collected at the baseline and the end of the intervention. Sleep quality was measured using wearable devices and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. Serum inflammatory markers, corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (COR), γ-aminobutyric acid, and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics. Short-chain fatty acids levels were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. <i>Results</i>: Both the low-dose and high-dose groups exhibited significant improvements in wearable device- measured sleep duration compared to the placebo group. The global scores of PSQI in three groups significantly decreased after intervention without statistical difference between groups. At the phylum level, the low-dose group exhibited a higher relative abundance of <i>Bacteroidota</i> and a lower <i>Firmicutes</i>-to-<i>Bacteroidetes</i> (<i>F</i>/<i>B</i>) ratio. At the genus level, two treatment groups had higher relative abundance of <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Megamonas</i>, alongside lower levels of <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i>. Furthermore, the low-dose group exhibited significant increases in acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid levels, while two treatment groups exhibited a significant decrease in COR levels. Correlation analysis revealed that the increased levels of acetic acid and butyric acid in the low-dose group may be associated with decreased ACTH. <i>Conclusion</i>: <i>L. paracasei</i> 207-27 administration in healthy adults resulted in improvements in gut microbiota community and sleep duration. The mechanisms might involve modulation of the gut microbiota structure to regulate the function of the gut-brain axis, including increases in SCFA levels and decreases in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. The Chinese clinical trial registry number is ChiCTR2300069453 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=191193, registered 16 May 2023 - retrospectively registered).</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A comparative study of the hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action of <i>Laminaria japonica</i>- and <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>-derived fucoidans in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.","authors":"Tian Liu, Xue Wang, Yan-Ming Wang, Feng-Rong Sui, Xue-Ying Zhang, Hai-Di Liu, Dong-Yue Ma, Xiao-Xiao Liu, Shou-Dong Guo","doi":"10.1039/d4fo90102a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo90102a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correction for 'A comparative study of the hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action of <i>Laminaria japonica</i>- and <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>-derived fucoidans in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice' by Tian Liu <i>et al.</i>, <i>Food Funct.</i>, 2024, <b>15</b>, 5955-5971, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3FO05521C.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of the flavor and functional characteristics of cod protein isolate using an enzyme-microbe system.","authors":"Zheng-Fei Yan, Jia-Yu Chen, Jing Yang, Shuai Yuan, Xue-Yi Qiao, Bo Xu, Ling-Qia Su","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02272f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02272f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cod protein isolate (CPI), a by-product of the cod processing industry, represents a novel source of high value-added products. However, off-flavors in cod protein such as bitterness and fishy odor reduce its acceptability to consumers. Here, CPI was first debittered using aminopeptidase from <i>Streptomyces canus</i> (<i>Sc</i>APase) and then deodorized through probiotic fermentation. This is the first reported demonstration of complete removal of the bitterness of CPI using <i>Sc</i>APase. Subsequently, Syn3 and Syn4, as aromatic CPI (ACPI), were prepared from debittered CPI (DCPI) <i>via</i> fermentation with <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>, respectively. These products, DCPI and ACPI, were characterized by the absence of bitterness and fishy odor, along with a strong aromatic scent and high overall acceptability. Additionally, these products exhibited improved physicochemical properties, including enhanced oil-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and resistance to digestion, compared to untreated CPI. However, significant differences were observed in their radical scavenging activities. The highest scavenging activity was detected in Syn3 against DPPH˙ (63.5%) and ˙OH (79.2%), in DCPI against O₂^- (32.0%), and in post-digestion Syn4 against ABTS˙⁺ (95.2%). Furthermore, after digestion treatment, these products significantly promoted the proliferation of probiotics. Notably post-digestion Syn4 showed the most substantial proliferation effect on <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>, <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i>, and <i>Bifidobacterium breve</i> compared to other post-digestion samples. These results indicate that the treated CPI has the potential for applications in health food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous starch microspheres loaded with luteolin exhibit hypoglycemic activities and alter gut microbial communities in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice.","authors":"Xiaodong Ge, Tingting Liu, Yaolin Wang, Huanhuan Wen, Zirui Huang, Ligen Chen, Jianda Xu, Hongcheng Zhou, Qin Wu, Chao Zhao, Rong Shao, Wei Xu","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02907k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02907k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Luteolin (LUT), a natural flavonoid known for its hypoglycemic properties, is primarily sourced from vegetables such as celery and broccoli. However, its poor stability and low bioavailability in the upper digestive tract hinder its application in the functional food industry. To address these challenges, this study employed porous starch (PS) as a carrier to develop PS microspheres loaded with luteolin (PSLUT), simulating its release <i>in vitro</i>. The research assessed the hypoglycemic effects of LUT in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice both before and after PS treatment. <i>In vitro</i> findings demonstrated that PS improved LUT's stability in simulated gastric fluids and enhanced its <i>in vivo</i> bioavailability, aligning with experimental outcomes. PSLUT administration significantly improved body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), pancreatic islet function, and other relevant indicators in T2DM mice. Moreover, PSLUT alleviated abnormal liver biochemical indicators and liver tissue injury caused by T2DM. The underlying hypoglycemic mechanism of PSLUT is thought to involve the regulation of protein kinase B (AKT-1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2). After four weeks of intervention, various PSLUT doses significantly reduced the <i>Firmicutes</i> to <i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio at the phylum level and decreased the relative abundance of harmful bacteria at the genus level, including <i>Acetatifactor</i>, <i>Candidatus-Arthromitus</i>, and <i>Turicibacter</i>. This microbial shift was associated with improvements in hyperglycemia-related indicators such as FBG, the area under the curve (AUC) of OGTT, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), which are closely linked to these bacterial genera. Additionally, <i>Lachnoclostridium</i>, <i>Parasutterella</i>, <i>Turicibacter</i>, and <i>Papillibacter</i> were identified as key intestinal marker genera involved in T2DM progression through Spearman correlation analysis. In conclusion, PS enhanced LUT's hypoglycemic efficacy by modulating the transcription and protein expression levels of AKT-1 and GLUT-2, as well as the relative abundance of potential gut pathogens in T2DM mice. These results provide a theoretical foundation for advancing luteolin's application in the functional food industry and further investigating its hypoglycemic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel selenium-enriched <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> as a dietary supplement to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and host metabolism.","authors":"Huijuan Wang, Yue Chen, Zhouli Wang, Yahong Yuan, Tianli Yue","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02598a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02598a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses persistent challenges due to its chronic and recurrent nature, exacerbated by the unsatisfactory outcomes of the traditional treatment approaches. In this study, we developed a dietary supplement, selenium-enriched <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> (SeY), to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. The newly developed functional food shows dual-functional activity, acting both as a probiotic and a reliable source of organic selenium. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of SeY against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that SeY, especially at high doses (HSeY), significantly ameliorated colitis symptoms, reduced colonic damage, attenuated inflammatory responses, and mitigated oxidative stress. Furthermore, HSeY strengthened intestinal barrier function by increasing goblet cell numbers, upregulating MUC2 expression, and enhancing tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin). Additionally, HSeY alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis by promoting the colonization of beneficial bacteria such as <i>norank-f-Muribaculaceae</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i>, while suppressing harmful microorganisms such as <i>norank-f-norank-o-Clostridia</i>-UCG-014. The altered gut microbiota also affected gut metabolism, with differential metabolites primarily associated with amino acids, such as tryptophan metabolism, contributing to the mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Further studies involving antibiotic-mediated depletion of gut flora and fecal microbiota transfer trials corroborated that the preventive effect of HSeY against IBD relied on the gut microbiota. This study provides vital insights into colitis prevention and advances selenium-enriched fortified food-targeted nutritional interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond flavor: the versatile roles of eugenol in health and disease.","authors":"Yujie Lao, Jingya Guo, Jingjing Fang, Ruixuan Geng, Mengjie Li, Yige Qin, Jiayi Wu, Seong-Gook Kang, Kunlun Huang, Tao Tong","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02428a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo02428a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid compound, is found in various dietary resources and medicinal plants. From a historical perspective, eugenol is widely employed as a flavoring agent in the food and fragrance industries. Here, this review mainly focuses on recent advances in eugenol with respect to its versatile physiological roles in health and disease and discusses the mechanisms. Emerging evidence has highlighted that eugenol exhibits multiple biological activities in cancer, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. It also has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities and has lethal or inhibiting effects on various viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The manuscript also contains some patents that have been filed thus far regarding the production and application of eugenol. Overall, these benefits make eugenol a promising nutritional supplement which fulfils its historical function as a flavoring agent, opening up new possibilities for the creation of therapeutic agents for the treatment of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressant effects of sulforaphane (SFN) and its derivatives SLL-III-9 and SLL-III-120 and their potential underlying mechanisms based on the microbiota–gut–brain axis†","authors":"Lili Chen, Huihui Cao, Xin Zhang, Xintong Du, Yang Guan, Mei Li, Alan K. Chang, Xianran He, Xiaolong Li and Xiuli Bi","doi":"10.1039/D3FO05278H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3FO05278H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Broccoli (<em>Brassica oleracea</em> L.) is a vegetable with numerous nutritional properties, with sulforaphane (SFN) being the most abundant and unique bioactive ingredient. SFN has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activities. In this study, a series of SFN derivatives were synthesized and screened for improved antidepressant effects. Among these, the SFN derivatives SLL-III-9 and SLL-III-120 were the best candidates, and the potential antidepressant mechanism of SFN, SLL-III-9, and SLL-III-120 associated with their effects in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was explored based on the microbiota–gut–brain axis. All three compounds were able to relieve depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice and regulate the composition of the gut bacteria Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Parabasalia, and Tenericutes at the phylum level and <em>Bacteroidales bacterium</em>, <em>Lachnospiraceae bacterium A4</em>, <em>Muribaculum intestinale</em>, <em>Muribaculaceae bacterium</em>, and <em>Prevotella</em> sp. <em>MGM1</em> at the species level, possibly altering their function associated with the anti-inflammatory effect. Additionally, SFN and its derivatives upregulated the expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin and increased the concentration of IL-10, dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while downregulating the expressions of proteins related to the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and reducing the concentration of TNF-α. Further <em>in vitro</em> studies revealed significant inhibition of the production of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-activated BV2 cells <em>via</em> the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway when these cells were treated with SFN or its two derivatives. Taken together, the results suggested that SFN and its two derivatives, SLL-III-9 and SLL-III-120, could be considered potential compounds for the development of a promising and safe agent for combating depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}