Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Harnessing food-derived bioactive peptides for iron chelation: an alternative solution to iron deficiency anemia.","authors":"Bing-De Zheng, Mei-Tian Xiao","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05823b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05823b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a global public health issue. In recent years, food-derived peptide-iron chelates have attracted attention as a potential solution. This review centers on the sources of food-derived peptides for iron chelation, covering marine organisms, terrestrial animals, and plant sources. The formation mechanisms and properties of peptide-iron chelates are discussed. Moreover, the potential applications of these chelates in ameliorating IDA are explored. The review also highlights the challenges and future research directions in the development and utilization of food-derived peptide-iron chelates.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the neuroprotective effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk phospholipids upon oxidative damage in HT22 cells.","authors":"Jingyu Li, Bing Fang, Yao Wu, Yuhang Sun, Yue Liu, Haina Gao, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00833f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00833f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Egg yolk phospholipids are primarily composed of various fatty acids, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. Existing studies have revealed the neuroprotective activity of egg yolk phospholipids. However, it is not clear which digestion products of phospholipids exert neuroprotective activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of different structural components in egg yolk phospholipids based on a DMNQ-induced oxidative damage in HT22 cells. The findings demonstrated that pre-treatment with diverse egg yolk phospholipid components, particularly the polyunsaturated fatty acids, markedly elevated the cell viability and superoxide dismutase activity, diminished the ROS generation, reduced the malondialdehyde levels and elevated the mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that unsaturated fatty acids exert its neuroprotective effects by upregulating the genes involved in cell proliferation (<i>Jag2</i> and <i>Ypel3</i>), nervous system development (<i>Ntf5</i>), DNA damage repair (<i>H2ax</i>), and other related processes. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future studies on the characteristic structure of egg yolk phospholipids with profound neuroprotective effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the lipid-lowering effects of cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde from the perspective of the gut microbiota and metabolites.","authors":"Xueke Wang, Tianxing Li, Ling Dong, Yilin Li, Hong Ding, Jing Wang, Yuqi Xu, Wenlong Sun, Lingru Li","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00384a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00384a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing incidence and associated metabolic complications pose major challenges in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. Cinnamon is a food and medicinal resource associated with lipid metabolism, but the mechanism by which its active components, cinnamic acid (CA) and cinnamaldehyde (CM), alleviate hyperlipidaemia remains unclear. Biochemical, pathological, gut microbiota, and metabolomic analyses were performed to investigate the effects of CA and CM on HFD-fed mice and the underlying mechanisms involved. Supplementation with CA and CM reduced body weight, liver, and adipose tissue accumulation in HFD-induced mice; improved glucose and lipid metabolism; and decreased inflammation and oxidative stress levels, with CM showing superior efficacy. Faecal microbiota transplantation confirmed that the therapeutic effect was closely related to core gut bacteria and metabolites. Specifically, CA and CM inhibited the growth of lipid metabolism-related genera (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>Turicibacter</i> and <i>Romboutsia</i>) and metabolites (<i>e.g.</i>, PC, LysoPCs, prostaglandin E2, and arachidonic acid) while promoting the growth of beneficial genera (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>Oscillospiraceae</i> and <i>Colidextribacter</i>) and metabolites (<i>e.g.</i>, linoleic acid, phytosphingosine, and stercobilin). Additionally, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that serum and hepatic lipids, as well as inflammatory factors, were positively correlated with <i>Erysipelatoclostridium</i>, <i>Turicibacter</i>, <i>Eubacterium fissicatena</i>, <i>Enterorhabdus</i>, cervonoyl ethanolamide, and acetoxystachybotrydial acetate, whereas they were negatively correlated with <i>Lachnospiraceae NK4A136</i>, stercobilin, LysoPE (15:0/0:0), and phytosphingosine. In contrast, hepatic oxidative stress markers exhibited the opposite correlation pattern. In conclusion, CA and CM have the potential to regulate the core gut microbiota and metabolites to improve lipid metabolism and decrease related inflammation and oxidative stress levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interaction between starch and phenolic acids: effects on starch physicochemical properties, digestibility and phenolic acids stability.","authors":"Faying Zheng, Feiyue Ren, Xuchun Zhu, Zhaowei Han, Yuanqiang Jia, Xiaoyong Liu, Bingyu Chen, Hongzhi Liu","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00855g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00855g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Starch and phenolic acids, two common plant-based food components, can interact to form complexes during food processing, thus improving the functional properties of both starch and phenolic acids. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the effects of the interaction of the two components on the multi-scale structure, and key physicochemical and functional properties of starch, as well as the stability of phenolic acids. The main conclusions are as follows: (i) factors such as starch conformation, specific properties of phenolic acids and experimental conditions influence the extent of starch-phenolic acid interactions; (ii) the formation of the complexes significantly alters the microstructure, crystalline structure and thermal stability of starch; (iii) phenolic acids compete with starch for available free water, thereby altering starch gelatinization. This competition reduces the self-interaction of starch chains and retards the starch retrogradation; (iv) combined phenolic acids alter the structural properties of starch, while free phenolic acids inhibit the activity of digestive enzymes, collectively resulting in decreased starch digestibility; and (v) the thermal stability and biological activity of phenolic acids are closely related to the stability of the structure of starch-phenolic acid complexes. Finally, the review highlights current challenges and future research directions in the study of starch-phenolic acid interactions, aiming to advance the development of starch and phenolic acids in food and industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, purification, structural characterization and bioactivity of maize oligosaccharides: a review.","authors":"Hongmei Deng, Borui Guan, Qingfang Deng, Xin Zhou, Huaguo Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00791g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00791g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), as a globally significant food and economic crop, has attracted considerable attention from both the academic and industrial sectors due to its rich nutrient components and wide-ranging application value. In recent years, maize oligosaccharides have exhibited remarkable bioactivities in regulating gut microbiota, lowering blood glucose levels, and improving lipid metabolism, thus emerging as a research hotspot. Numerous scholars have conducted relatively in-depth studies on maize oligosaccharides. However, the relevant research findings are fragmented, lacking a systematic summary, which is detrimental to their high-value-added development and utilization. In view of this, this study intends to systematically review the research progress of maize oligosaccharides in aspects such as extraction, separation and purification, structural characterization, bioactivity, and application, analyze the existing problems and deficiencies, and put forward suggestions for future research directions. The aim is to provide theoretical support for the in-depth development and application of maize oligosaccharides and promote their high-value-added development in fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, and health products.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The natural dihydrochalcone phloretin reduces lipid accumulation <i>via</i> downregulation of IIS and <i>sbp-1</i>/<i>SREBP</i> pathways in HepG2 cells and <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.","authors":"Qi Gu, Litao Wang, Mingyue Xu, Wanmei Zhou, Guosheng Liu, Haiting Tian, Thomas Efferth, Chenlu Wang, Yujie Fu","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01105a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01105a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phloretin, a natural dihydrochalcone, exhibits significant potential in modulating lipid metabolism both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. This study investigated the effects of phloretin on lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. In HepG2 cells, phloretin reduced lipid accumulation, ROS levels, and lipid peroxidation while ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. It downregulated lipid synthesis genes (<i>SREBP</i>, <i>FASN</i>) and upregulated PI3K-AKT pathway genes (<i>AKT</i>, <i>FOXO</i>, <i>MTOR</i>). In <i>C. elegans</i>, phloretin alleviated lipid accumulation-induced growth and locomotor impairments, reduced lipofuscin, ROS, glucose, and triglyceride levels, and modulated amino acid and lipid metabolism pathways. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of <i>sbp-1</i>, <i>mdt-15</i>, <i>fat-5</i>, <i>fat-6</i>, and <i>fat-7</i>, and upregulation of <i>daf-16</i>, <i>age-1</i>, and <i>skn-1</i>. Mutant studies confirmed that phloretin's lipid-lowering effects were mediated through the IIS and <i>sbp-1</i>/<i>SREBP</i> pathways. These findings suggest phloretin is a promising candidate for regulating lipid metabolism and preventing hyperlipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruits native to South America: a narrative review of their biological properties and chemical profiles.","authors":"Ana Sofia Martelli Chaib Saliba, Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Marcelo Franchin, Gustavo Aparecido da Cunha, Alan Giovanini de Oliveira Sartori, Severino Matias de Alencar","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00549c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00549c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruits native to South America have been recognized for their relevant levels of phytochemicals with bioactivities that offer human health benefits beyond nutrition; however, many of them remain unexplored. The objective of this study was to compile the recent literature regarding the phytochemical profiles and biological properties of fruits native to South America. Over 600 fruits were analyzed, and those with the most substantial scientific literature regarding their phytochemical profiles and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities were selected. Based on the reviewed literature, 40 selected fruits were analyzed, and antioxidant activity was reported for 38 fruits, antimicrobial activity for 31, and anti-inflammatory activity for 30. This data allowed for a comparative analysis of the bioactive potential of these fruits. However, factors like extraction methods, harvest time and location, and cultivar variations were found to have significant impacts on fruit bioactivity. Common limitations in properly investigating the phytochemical composition of fruits grown in the wild include lack of access to sufficient materials, lack of reproducibility of results owing to variations in chemical composition, and inability to use accurate techniques, such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Clinical trials should be encouraged to confirm the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of fruits observed <i>in vitro</i>. Furthermore, extract refinement prior to antimicrobial analysis remains challenging to obtain reliable results. This review provides helpful information to guide further studies on these fruits and strategic public policies concerning the development of sustainable supply chains to preserve the biodiversity of South America.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oat beta-glucans consumed at breakfast improve glucose tolerance acutely and after a subsequent lunch - a randomized dose-response study in healthy young adults.","authors":"Mohammad Mukul Hossain, Juscelino Tovar, Lieselotte Cloetens, Marina Vilar Geraldi, Chiara Venuti, Anne Nilsson","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00353a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00353a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oat beta-glucans (OBGs) lower postprandial blood glucose by increasing gastrointestinal viscosity, delaying gastric emptying, and slowing glucose absorption. While the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommends a minimum intake of 4 g of OBGs per 30 g of available carbohydrates (avCHO) for a significant reduction in glycaemic response, this poses formulation challenges. This study investigated the effects of a commercially available OBG ingredient on postprandial glycemia and appetite sensations immediately after ingestion and following a standardized lunch 3.5 hours later, also exploring whether doses below 4 g of OBGs per 30 g of avCHO could be effective. Nineteen healthy subjects consumed test drinks containing 0 g (Ref), 2 g (BG2), 3 g (BG3), or 4 g (BG4) of OBGs, each providing 30 g of avCHO, in a crossover study. BG2 and BG4 reduced the incremental glucose peak (iPeak) compared to Ref (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with BG3 showing a trend (<i>P</i> = 0.09). BG4 reduced an early glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC 0-60 min) and improved the post-lunch glycaemic response compared to Ref (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Insulin iPeaks and iAUC (0-120 min) were lower for BG3 and BG4 (<i>P</i> < 0.05). BG4 enhanced satiety and reduced hunger throughout the experimental period (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Doses below 4 g of OBGs per 30 g of avCHO improved postprandial glycemia and appetite, and OBG intake at breakfast enhanced post-lunch glycaemic regulation, suggesting that a lower threshold may be effective in blood glucose management and appetite control.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals the attenuation effect of C-phycocyanin on aging-induced subfertility in female mice.","authors":"Zhe Han, Xin Wen, Lei Ge, Cheng-Jie Zhou, Dui Sun, Qi Yang, Fang-Rui Xue, Kang Ding, Cheng-Guang Liang","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00344j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00344j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive inflammatory responses within the ovary are one of the main causes of subfertility in elderly women. Eliminating these responses can reverse fertility in aged individuals. Here, we demonstrate that administering 300 mg kg^-1 day^-1 C-phycocyanin (PC) to 36-week-old female mice for 45 days can reduce age-related fertility decline, resulting in an increase in litter size from 7.53 to 10.90. PC administration in aged mice enhances ovarian antioxidant enzyme levels, promotes first polar extrusion, and supports early embryonic development. Additionally, PC increases the proportion of normal spindle-chromosome complexes, normalizes mitochondrial distribution, reduces ROS levels, and decreases early apoptosis in aged mice. Notably, PC intervention mitigates age-related changes in gut microbiota composition, serum metabolite profiles, and ovarian gene expression patterns. Mechanistically, PC exerts its effects by suppressing interferon-γ expression, attenuating interferon responses, and preventing ovarian fibrosis, thereby improving reproductive function in aged female mice. Collectively, these findings highlight PC as a potential therapeutic agent to counter age-related fertility decline through targeted anti-inflammatory mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food microstructure and protein digestion in the human gastrointestinal tract: an ileostomy study focusing on interindividual variability in gluten digestibility.","authors":"Daniela Freitas, Joan Colom, Laura G Gómez-Mascaraque, Annie Simon, Kieran Rea, Alison Winger, Martin Buckley, John Deaton, André Brodkorb","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04508d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04508d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The degree of digestion of gluten proteins is thought to be directly linked to their capacity to elicit immune-mediated responses in predisposed individuals. Levels and timing of detection of gluten epitopes in stool samples exhibit high interindividual variability. However, the reasons behind this variability remain unclear and existing data do not allow distinctions between the effects of the upper gastrointestinal tract and colonic fermentation. This ileostomy study aimed to analyse the structural and biochemical degradation of a gluten-containing meal in the terminal ileum and to investigate interindividual variability. Eleven participants consumed the test meal (oat porridge and a wheat breakfast cereal) and ileal effluent was collected once every hour over eight hours for quantification of soluble protein, free amines, potentially immunogenic gliadin fragments, and insoluble nitrogen. The molecular weight distribution of soluble proteins was assessed by SEC-HPLC. Microstructural features were studied using scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Total ileal effluent output exhibited a relatively high interindividual coefficient of variation (CV) (40.2%, range: 169.4 to 553.1 g), similar to protein and free amines (46.0% and 40.2%, respectively). The ratios of protein to ileal effluent and of free amines to protein exhibited lower CVs (26.9% and 18.6%, respectively). In contrast, potentially immunogenic gliadin fractions exhibited markedly higher variability (CV = 69.4%, range: 3.1 to 65.7 mg of gliadin equivalents), even after normalization by the gliadin-to-soluble-protein ratio (CV = 63.1%, range: 0.8 to 15.1 mg g^-1 of protein). Amino acid sequences recognized by the R5 antibody were detected in both 60% ethanol and aqueous extracts, with water-soluble components dominating gliadin output for almost all participants. The disproportionately higher variability in gliadin excretion compared to total nitrogen, protein, and free amines, suggests that interindividual differences in gluten hydrolysis originate primarily in the upper gastrointestinal tract, indicating that individual characteristics likely modulate the specific capacity to degrade gluten proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}