Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Milk peptides found in human jejunum induce enteroendocrine hormone secretion and inhibit DPP-IV†","authors":"Santiaga María Vivanco-Maroto, Cristina Gómez-Marín, Isidra Recio and Beatriz Miralles","doi":"10.1039/D5FO01394A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO01394A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The strong effect of protein digestion products on gastrointestinal hormone release is well recognized. However, little is known about the specific characteristics of hormone inducing peptides. A detailed analysis of food-derived peptides remaining in the human intestinal lumen after protein ingestion would constitute a practical strategy for the targeted identification of hormone inducing and DPP-IV inhibitory peptides. In this study, <em>in vivo</em> gastrointestinal resistant peptides derived from casein and whey protein were evaluated in epithelial intestinal cells. The secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was evaluated in the STC-1 enteroendocrine cell line and the DPP-IV inhibitory potential was assayed <em>in situ</em> using the Caco-2 cell line. Hydrophobic residues at N-terminal positions were crucial for the secretagogue and inhibitory activities, while the presence of multiple glutamic acid residues was shown to be a key trait for CCK secretion. The results appointed the sequence <small>¹²⁶</small>TPEVDDEALEKFDK<small>¹³⁸</small> from β-lactoglobulin as a strong CCK inducer. Additionally, <small>⁹⁴</small>KILDKVGINYWL<small>¹⁰⁵</small>, derived from α-lactalbumin, not only promoted GLP-1 secretion but also demonstrated significant DPP-IV inhibitory activity. These findings provide new insights into the functional potential of food-derived peptides, offering promising therapeutic avenues for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and improving metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 13","pages":" 5301-5311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/fo/d5fo01394a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposomal encapsulation of Chenopodium berlandieri extracts rich in oleanolic acid: improved bioactivities targeting metabolic syndrome prevention†","authors":"Daniel Mejía-Valdez, Marilena Antunes-Ricardo, Mariana Martínez-Ávila, Erika Ortega-Hernandez and Daniel Guajardo-Flores","doi":"10.1039/D5FO01572C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO01572C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are major contributors to the development of metabolic syndrome conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. These interconnected disorders significantly impact global health and demand preventive strategies. We encapsulated extracts from <em>Chenopodium berlandieri</em>—a Mexican edible pseudocereal rich in oleanolic acid (OA)—into liposomes to improve their bioactivity and delivery. Liposomes prepared <em>via</em> thin-film hydration followed by sonication showed particle sizes between 100 and 130 nm, narrow size distributions (PdI &lt; 0.25), and zeta potentials from −6.3 to −7.6 mV. Encapsulation efficiencies exceeded 80%. <em>In vitro</em> release studies demonstrated sustained OA release, with over 80% released at 12 hours for OA and hydrolyzed extract liposomes. Cytotoxicity assays on human dermal fibroblasts confirmed lipid safety at physiologically relevant concentrations. Liposomal formulations significantly improved cellular antioxidant activity and nitric oxide inhibition compared to non-encapsulated samples. They also enhanced IL-10 production and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory markers including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Additionally, liposomes downregulated COX-2 and inhibited elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase—enzymes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which contributes to tissue damage and inflammation in metabolic syndrome. These responses were most pronounced in liposomes loaded with hydrolyzed extracts. Overall, liposomal encapsulation enhanced the physicochemical stability, release behavior, and functional bioactivities of <em>C. berlandieri</em> bioactives, supporting their potential as functional food ingredients for metabolic syndrome prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 4994-5007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring tarhana's prebiotic potential using different flours in an in vitro fermentation model†","authors":"Fatma Koc, Merve Sabuncu, Günnur Gülkun Yavuz, Gamze Düven, Reem Mohamed Khalil Abdo, Ufuk Bağci, Yasemin Şahan, Sine Özmen Toğay, R. Paul Ross and Catherine Stanton","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00486A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00486A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Tarhana, a traditional fermented food important to Turkish and Central Asian cuisines, is known for its unique composition of yoghurt, flour, vegetables, and herbs, and its potential health benefits through fermentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate tarhana's potential prebiotic and postbiotic properties using an <em>in vitro</em> colonic fermentation model. We explored how ingredient variations, particularly flour types and fermentation methods, influence gut microbial diversity and metabolite production. Tarhana was prepared using wheat, chickpea, einkorn, and purple potato flours, fermented with baker's yeast (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>) or chickpea sourdough. Gut microbial composition and levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) were analysed following <em>in vitro</em> colonic fermentation. Flour type and fermentation method significantly influenced gut microbial composition and metabolite production. Sourdough-fermented tarhana made with purple potato (<em>q</em> = 1.23 × 10<small>⁻⁷</small>), chickpea (<em>q</em> = 1.23 × 10<small>⁻⁷</small>), and einkorn (<em>q</em> = 2.51 × 10<small>⁻⁷</small>) flours reduced <em>Veillonella</em> levels compared to baker's yeast variants. Sourdough purple potato tarhana also decreased <em>Escherichia</em>–<em>Shigella</em> levels in faecal samples, which were higher in baker's yeast-fermented faecal samples (<em>q</em> = 0.003). SCFA levels, particularly acetate and propionate, were higher in chickpea and purple potato tarhana fermented faecal samples, with sourdough variants showing the strongest effects. <em>Bifidobacterium</em> abundance increased in einkorn sourdough tarhana, while chickpea flour tarhana slightly increased isobutyrate levels. This study demonstrates that specific flour types combined with sourdough fermentation enhance tarhana's functional properties by promoting beneficial microbial shifts and increasing SCFA production. These findings suggest tarhana's potential as a personalized functional food to support gut health, warranting further validation through clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 4754-4771"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequestration of acrylamide as amino acid-acrylamide adducts mitigates cellular stress in human gastrointestinal cell lines†","authors":"Axita Patel and Bhaskar Datta","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00301F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00301F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Acrylamide (ACR) present in starchy and cereal-based heat-processed foods raises a global health concern. While amino acids (AAs) have been suggested as effective scavengers of acrylamide, there is a dearth of information about the cellular response to amino acid-acrylamide (AA-ACR) adducts. In this work, we conducted a detailed comparison of the effects of ACR <em>versus</em> AA-ACR adducts on two human gastrointestinal cell lines, namely, Caco-2 and HCT-15. Adducts of lysine, glycine, cysteine, and methionine with ACR were prepared under optimised reaction conditions and characterized by a combination of ESI-MS and MS/MS. Exposure of Caco-2 and HCT-15 to these adducts resulted in significant reduction in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the prevention of abnormal accumulation of the cells in the G1 phase. The analysis of apoptosis and necrosis in the cell lines treated with AA-ACR clearly indicated the ability of AAs to sequester ACR and block oxidative stress induction that would otherwise be observed, completely precluding apoptosis and necrosis. Sequestration of ACR with each of the four AAs prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the induction of autophagy that would otherwise occur upon exposure to ACR. The hitherto untested behaviour of human gastrointestinal cells towards AA-ACR presented in this work supports the application of AAs for the mitigation of ACR in foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 13","pages":" 5435-5455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/fo/d5fo00301f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS1.0901 ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the tryptophan metabolite indole-3-aldehyde and acting on its receptor AhR†","authors":"Zhengtao Guo, Shengjun Yang, Liwen Qi, Xinming Ma, Yanbo Wang, Bailiang Li and Jian He","doi":"10.1039/D4FO05280C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO05280C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Our previous study demonstrated that <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> KLDS1.0901 significantly alleviated symptoms of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and showed a strong association with the gut microbiota; however, the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, we focused on changes in intestinal metabolic pathways in mice following intervention with <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> KLDS1.0901, using non-targeted metabolomics. Tryptophan metabolism was found to be closely associated with NAFLD alleviation, and indole-3-aldehyde (IAld) was identified as a key target. Animal experiments showed no significant differences in the levels of liver triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 between the direct-feeding IAld group and the <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> KLDS1.0901 group. This suggests that the IAId, produced by <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> KLDS1.0901, is the key intermediate mediator responsible for its improvement of NAFLD. The alleviating effect of <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> KLDS1.0901 on NAFLD symptoms was suppressed after the inhibition of the IAld receptor aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), suggesting that the bacterium relies on the AhR signaling pathway to mediate its effect on NAFLD. Cellular experiments showed that IAld significantly reduced triglyceride content, decreased lipid accumulation, and increased glycogen levels in oleic acid-induced cells. The effects of IAld on gene transcription levels in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells were further analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that IAld regulates key pathways, including the NF-κB, chemokine and AGE–RAGE signaling pathways. Our study identified the ameliorative effects of tryptophan metabolites, particularly IAld, on NAFLD, along with the underlying mechanisms, offering new insights into potential treatment strategies for NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 4939-4957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of honey and Taiwanese green propolis on oral mucositis and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial†","authors":"Shao-Ching Jen, Yue-Wen Chen, Jo-Ting Tsai, Chia-Chun Kuo, Lai-Lei Ting, Wen-Yen Huang, Tsai-Wei Huang, Jin-Hua Chen and Made Satya Nugraha Gautama","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00067J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00067J","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>Background</em>: Head and neck cancer (HNC) significantly impacts patients’ quality of life (QoL), particularly due to complications like oral mucositis (OM). This study evaluated the effectiveness of honey and Taiwanese green propolis (TGP) in managing OM severity in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy. <em>Methods</em>: From April 2019 to January 2022, 75 HNC patients were randomly assigned to honey, TGP, or usual-care groups. The primary outcome was OM severity, measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) mucositis scale (0–4). Secondary outcomes, including patient-reported OM symptoms, xerostomia, and QoL, were also assessed. Data were collected weekly for 12 weeks post-radiotherapy and analyzed using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) method. All patients were free of OM symptoms at the baseline. <em>Results</em>: Compared to the usual-care group, the honey group showed significantly higher QoL scores (<em>β</em> = 10.05, SE = 3.59, 95% CI = 3.02 to 17.08, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and reduced OM severity (<em>β</em> = −0.45, SE = 0.15, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The TGP group also significantly reduced OM severity (<em>β</em> = −0.37, SE = 0.13, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) but did not significantly affect QoL (<em>β</em> = 2.42, SE = 3.63, <em>P</em> = 0.51). OM severity peaked at week 7 in the usual-care group (mean 2.75 ± 1.07), with significantly lower scores in both honey (1.73 ± 1.39) and TGP (2.00 ± 1.38) groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>Post-hoc</em> comparisons at week 7 showed that honey was more effective than TGP (<em>P</em> = 0.046). The cumulative incidence of severe OM (WHO grade ≥3) was significantly lower in the honey group (36%) compared to the usual-care group (68%; <em>P</em> = 0.012). Additionally, weight maintenance was better in the honey group (average weight loss: 0.84 kg) compared to the TGP (3.30 kg) and usual-care (4.55 kg) groups, which may be associated with improved oral function. <em>Conclusion</em>: Honey is an effective therapy for managing OM severity in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy. While TGP reduces OM severity, it is less effective than honey. Further studies are needed to establish standardized clinical guidelines for the use of honey and propolis products in HNC supportive care. The clinical trial registry number is NCT04382079 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 4958-4969"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene regulates intestinal dysmotility and behavioral disorders by regulating enteric neurons and the cholinergic system†","authors":"Danna Wang, Siyi Jiao, Qianqian Guo, Mengnan Zhou, Wanting Ren, Yuqi Zhao, Dongning Li, Wenyue Yang, Shengquan Dai, Yanqian Pei, Danyixin Xiao, Xuebo Liu, Chunxia Xiao and Beita Zhao","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00039D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00039D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Gut dysmotility is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder characterized by disrupted defecation and often accompanied by depression and anxiety. Lycopene (LYC) is a type of carotenoid with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of LYC on gut dysmotility and related behavioral disorders remain elusive. Herein, we found that 100 mg kg<small>⁻¹</small> d<small>⁻¹</small> LYC notably improved the gut transit time and intestinal transit rate as well as concurrently alleviated depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in a diphenoxylate (Dip, 5 mg kg<small>⁻¹</small> d<small>⁻¹</small>)-induced constipated mouse model. LYC pretreatment enhanced gut barrier integrity and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production as well as rebalanced gut microbiota homeostasis by enriching beneficial bacteria, including <em>Bifidobacterium</em> and <em>Akkermansia</em>. Furthermore, LYC restored enteric neuronal function, as evidenced by increased HuC/D and Tuj1 expression as well as balanced neurotransmitter levels. Brain transcriptomics results suggest that LYC regulates the cholinergic synapse pathway and increases acetylcholine (Ach) content in the brain, which is associated with the alleviation of neuroinflammation. In summary, this study offers insights into functional dietary component-based nutritional strategies that target gut dysmotility comorbid behavioral dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 13","pages":" 5363-5379"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food additive β-caryophyllene mitigates alcoholic steatohepatitis by dual modulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism: a diet-based intervention strategy†","authors":"Jun-Liang Yang, Zhi-Hong Zhang, Xue-Li Jiang, Si-Qi Wang, Yan-Ling Wu, Ji-Xing Nan and Li-Hua Lian","doi":"10.1039/D5FO01083G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO01083G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) represents excessive lipid accumulation and inflammatory infiltration in the spectrum of alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALDs). Unfortunately, currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of ASH. Thus, this study was aimed at demonstrating the practicability of β-caryophyllene (BCP), an FDA-approved food flavoring agent, against ASH and exploring its underlying mechanisms related to lipid metabolism regulation and inflammation. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that BCP was closely associated with lipid metabolic pathways and alcoholic liver diseases. In a mouse model of chronic and binge ethanol feeding, BCP demonstrated significant therapeutic effects, including alleviating histopathological changes, reducing lipid accumulation, decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent release of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, BCP suppressed the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). BCP modulated the expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in AML12 hepatocytes, suggesting its role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Furthermore, BCP inhibited the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R), and nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs), thereby reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines. Our findings highlight the potential of BCP as a natural dietary supplement or functional food ingredient for mitigating lipid accumulation and inflammation in ASH. This study provides a promising option for the development of nutraceutical interventions or dietary strategies to combat ASH.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 13","pages":" 5393-5408"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus FSJ13 alleviates pancreatic fibrosis in mice via fibroblast growth factor 21†","authors":"Siqi Yang, Jiayue Yang, Bin-Bin Li, Wenjie Liang, Huimin Zou, Lilong Pan and Jia Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00832H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00832H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibro-inflammatory condition with a multifactorial etiology, leading to diminished quality of life and increased mortality rates. The incidence and prevalence of chronic pancreatitis are increasing every year, and no definitive cure is currently available. <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> (<em>L. rhamnosus</em>) has demonstrated potential in alleviating fibrotic diseases. However, its role in CP remains unexplored. This study demonstrated that CP in mice is associated with gut dysbiosis, characterized by a significant decrease in the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, including <em>Roseburia</em>, <em>Lachnoclostridium</em>, and <em>Eubacterium</em>. Supplementation with <em>L. rhamnosus</em> FSJ13 enhanced the abundance of these bacteria, elevated serum and fecal butyrate levels and significantly upregulated pancreatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels. Notably, the beneficial effects of <em>L. rhamnosus</em> FSJ13 were abolished in CP mice treated with an FGF21 receptor inhibitor. These findings suggest that <em>L. rhamnosus</em> FSJ13 reduces pancreatic fibrosis <em>via</em> FGF21, providing evidence for its use in alleviating CP fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 5076-5087"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium supplementation and the risk of type 2 diabetes†","authors":"Qian Zhao, Ancha Baranova and Fuquan Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5FO00499C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5FO00499C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alterations in calcium homeostasis are critical for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its specific impacts on this disease are unclear. We aimed to evaluate whether the potential effect is causal. In a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis, we evaluated if genetic signature predicting supplemental intake of calcium affects risks of T2D. The data on calcium supplementation (<em>N</em> = 461 384) were obtained from the IEU open GWAS project. The T2D GWAS dataset (<em>N</em> = 933 970) was provided by the DIAbetes genetics replication and meta-analysis consortium. We chose inverse variance weighting as the primary TSMR technique. Finally, we analyzed the association between calcium supplementation and T2D by mining The United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (2004 Q1–2024 Q3). A disproportionality analysis was performed to evaluate calcium safety profiles using the reporting odds ratio. Our TSMR analysis showed the role of calcium supplementation in increasing the risk of T2D (OR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.12–10.38, <em>P</em> = 0.031). Mining of the FAERS database showed 56 T2D side effects among 23 368 adverse events of the drug calcium, supporting the association between calcium use and a high risk of T2D (ROR: 4.27, 95% CI: 3.28–5.55, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). As promoting calcium intake is found to increase the risk of T2D, clinical and public health decisions should be guided accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 12","pages":" 4795-4801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}