工业工程最新文献

{"title":"Hydrophobic high-bio-based content waterborne polyurethane prepared by diols and high-molecular weight internal emulsifier","authors":"Li Wang,&nbsp;Jun Xiang,&nbsp;Haojun Fan,&nbsp;Zhe Sun","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00214-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00214-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vegetable oil-based waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) have gained significant attention in the leather industry as sustainable coatings, yet inherently suffer from limited bio-based content, hydrophobicity, and low-temperature resistance due to their reliance on low-molecular weight (Mw) hydrophilic chain extenders and highly functionalized bio-based polyols. To overcome these challenges, we developed a long fatty chain-based design strategy by synthesizing a high-Mw castor oil emulsifier (COE) and two bio-based diols, successfully preparing a novel series of WPU emulsions. When the COE content reached 30%, the emulsions demonstrated good stability while achieving a high-bio-based content of 70.94%. The incorporated long fatty chains endowed the WPU films with good hydrophobicity (water contact angle &gt; 90°), exceptional water resistance (water absorption &lt; 2%), chemical resistance, and self-cleaning properties. Moreover, these high-bio-based content films exhibited tunable thermomechanical performance, including enhanced low-temperature resistance (<i>T</i>_g = 2.8 °C) and improved elongation with increasing Mw, while maintaining excellent thermal stability (<i>T</i>_d5% &gt; 200 °C). This work provides an effective approach for developing sustainable WPU for leather applications with balanced performance properties through strategic molecular design of long fatty chain structures.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00214-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From leather to the next-generation skin-friendly e-skin","authors":"Wan Zheng,&nbsp;Baicun Hao,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Bi Shi","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00220-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00220-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Harnessing the collagenous structural hierarchy of leather is an intriguing strategy for developing the next-generation skin-friendly e-skins with integrated powerful multifunctional sensory capabilities. The current development of e-skins is significantly hindered by the limited breathability for the long-term wearability and the complexity of integrating multimodal sensors within confined device dimensions. The proteinous composition of leather is capable of providing e-skins with exceptional skin affinity, biocompatibility and water vapor permeability, thus guaranteeing the long-term wearing comfortability. The inherent hierarchical fibrous structure of leather combined with the unique reversible cross-scale deformation behaviors enables the in situ construction of highly sensitive microstructured sensors for realizing the miniaturization and integration of multimodal sensors within the constrained space of leather. As a consequence, the development of leather-based e-skins paves a new way for advancing leather industry from traditional manufacture to cutting-edge innovation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00220-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ti-Based Flexible Nanowire-Textured Surface Increases the Friction Coefficient Without Increasing Surface Wear","authors":"Weili Jiang,&nbsp;Zhenyu Yang,&nbsp;Hui Yan,&nbsp;Jingkang Zhang,&nbsp;Jinbang Li,&nbsp;Yuan Jin,&nbsp;Guangyong Li,&nbsp;Haitao Fan,&nbsp;Licheng Hua","doi":"10.1049/bsb2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/bsb2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Implants with high coefficients of friction reduce tightening torque requirements while mitigating fracture risks at bone–implant interfaces. This study engineered flexible nanowire textures on titanium surfaces to significantly increase the coefficient of friction without accelerating surface wear. Results demonstrate that these textures maintain a friction coefficient exceeding 0.8 during reciprocating sliding tests under both dry and water conditions. Our analysis reveals that this friction enhancement stems not from surface roughness but from increased tangential resistance during nanowire-textured deformation. Implementing such high-friction nanostructures on the implant surface is critical for enhancing preload and improving connection reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bsb2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influencing Factors and Mitigation Strategies for Carbon Dioxide Emissions in China Under Regional Economic Differentiation].","authors":"Can-Ying Zeng, Dan-Ye Han, Zhuang-Tian Liu, Shao-Hua Wu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202406183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202406183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of influential factors of carbon emissions is crucial for carbon reduction， and the carbon emission characteristics and influencing factors of regions with different economic levels may be inconsistent， leading to differences in emission reduction strategies. Therefore， this study investigated the influencing factors of China's carbon emissions within the context of regional economic differentiation at a national scale. First， cluster analysis was conducted， resulting in four clusters labeled as follows： high economy with high carbon emission， high economy with low carbon emission， low economy with high carbon emission， and low economy with low carbon emission. Then， the STIRPAT model was used to identify key influencing factors in different regions with different levels of economic development and characteristics of carbon dioxide emissions. Finally， differentiated carbon emission reduction strategies were developed and proposed. The findings revealed spatial variations in both the influencing factors and their degrees. Population growth， energy consumption， and the development of primary and secondary industries are no longer the predominant factors influencing the growth of China's carbon emissions. The migration of population from low economic zones to high economic zones has led to an increase in the resident population in high economic zones， thereby promoting carbon emissions in these areas while suppressing emissions in low economic zones. However， the increase in per capita household size in high economic zones mitigates carbon emissions to some extent. Population density and urbanization rate exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with CO₂ emissions. GDP per capita， carbon emission per unit of energy consumption， and GDP per unit of energy consumption have significant positive effects across all regions， although their impact is lower in high economic zones than in low economic zones. The proportion of tertiary industry significantly impacts carbon emission within only high economic zones， with both positive effects on low-carbon emission areas and negative effects on high-carbon emission areas. In the context of energy conservation and emission reduction performance， local governments should formulate policies tailored to their respective characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6221-6232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence Mechanism of Restoration Years on the Inter-root Soil Environment and Bacterial Community of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i>：A Case Study of the Iron Tailing Pond Governance Area in Northern Hebei， China].","authors":"Yue-Bing Liang, Ya-Xuan Wen, Zu-Han Yu, Yue-Tong Liu, Feng Yan, Ya-Heng Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202410066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202410066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the succession pattern of the inter-root soil environment and microbial community structure of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> in the process of mine restoration through time， the inter-root soil of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> in six restoration years （5a， 9a， 12a， 15a， 20a， and ck） was selected as the object of study. High-throughput sequencing， Mantel analysis， molecular ecological network analysis， and other methods were employed to investigate the change pattern of soil environmental factors， as well as the stability of the bacterial community and the influence of underlying mechanisms. The study produced several important results： ① The inter-root soil factors of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> exhibited significant differences across the various restoration years. The contents of SOM， TN， AN， and AK were higher in the restored soil than in ck. AN， TN， and MBC increased each year， while pH and AP decreased each year. ② Significant differences in the diversity and richness levels of soil bacterial communities were observed at different restoration years. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria （39.7%-65.2%）， Acidobacteria （5.3%-31.8%）， Actinobacteria （5.4%-10%）， and Green Chloroflexi （4.1%-9.8%）， which collectively accounted for more than 83% of the total community. The diversity of species was higher under the different treatments than under ck， with high microbial diversity at 9a and 12a. The bacterial network aggregation was lowest at 9a and highest for ck. The <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> bacterial community was most stable at 20a and least stable at ck. ③ Significant correlations were found between soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities at different restoration years， and highly significant correlations （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01） were found between bacterial diversity and the number of OTU and MBN， pH， and so on. The structure of the bacterial community at the phylum level showed highly significant correlations （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01） with MBN， TK， and others. The phyla Ascomycota and Bacteroidetes showed significant positive correlations （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01） with factors such as pH and TN. The results of the study provide a scientific basis and reference for environmental remediation and ecological restoration for sustainable development in the mining areas of northern Hebei.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6651-6662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sludge Gardening Utilization Potential and Composite Ecological Risk Assessment of Shanghai Sewage Treatment Plants].","authors":"Yong Zhan, Chao-Qi Yang, Hui Wang, Jing-Jing Xu, Qing-Wei Xie, Dan-Ni Sheng, Bin Dong","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202410043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202410043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the Shanghai Ecological Space Special Plan （2018-2035）， this study explored the significant demand for soil resources in ecological construction. By 2025， Shanghai is expected to add 8 666.67 hectares of green space and 16 000 hectares of forest. As a critical pathway toward low-carbon sludge resource utilization， approximately 1.22 million tons of sewage sludge are produced annually by Shanghai's wastewater treatment plants. After stabilization， this sludge can serve as an ecological substrate for green space development. This study systematically monitored and analyzed the heavy metals， polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）， and ecological nutrients in dewatered sludge from 10 representative sewage treatment plants in Shanghai. The results indicate that the organic matter and total nutrient levels in the sludge meet the Organic Fertilizer （NY 525-2021） standard， with an average comprehensive fertility index of 1.84， indicating high fertility and significant potential for improving impoverished soils. Further analysis revealed that the heavy metal content in the sludge complies with the Soil Environmental Quality-Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Development Land （GB 36600-2018） and that PAH levels meet the Sewage Sludge Treatment and Disposal-Agricultural Sludge Quality （CJ/T 309-2009） standards. This compliance demonstrates that the sludge meets the safety requirements for green space construction in urban areas， making it highly viable for application. However， considering the potential cumulative effects of heavy metals， a composite risk assessment method， based on the analytical hierarchy process （AHP）， was developed in this study to perform a scientific and systematic assessment of the potential ecological risks of prolonged sludge application， particularly focusing on heavy metals and PAHs. The composite risk assessment results indicate that the overall ecological risk of dewatered sludge from Shanghai's sewage treatment plants is relatively low， suggesting that it is suitable for urban landscaping projects. This supports soil improvement goals and offers a viable pathway for low-carbon sludge resource utilization. Nevertheless， special attention should be given to the potential ecological risks associated with mercury （Hg） and nickel （Ni）， as their long-term accumulation may adversely affect ecosystems. Therefore， it is recommended that future sludge resource utilization initiatives enhance Hg and Ni content monitoring and continue risk assessment efforts to ensure the long-term sustainability of ecological construction projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6334-6343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trend and Driving Factors of Coastal Wetland Fragmentation in China].","authors":"Er Yu, Yan Li, Fen Xiao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analyzing the spatial and temporal trends and driving mechanisms of coastal wetland fragmentation is of great significance for wetland protection and even blue carbon function enhancement. Taking the coastal wetlands of China as the research area， this study utilized Fragstats to calculate regional landscape pattern indices and analyzed the characteristics of landscape pattern evolution and the degree of fragmentation. Additionally， the optimal parameter Geodetector was employed to identify the driving factors influencing the fragmentation of coastal wetlands. The results follow： ① Over the past 20 years， the area of coastal wetlands in China decreased by a total of 660 877.73 hm²， with the rate of degradation initially intensifying and then slowing. The area of tidal flat and coastal aquaculture pond decreased significantly， while the area of mangrove and saltmarsh increased with fluctuation. ② In 2000-2015， the fragmentation of coastal wetlands in China was severe， but the trend eased in the following five years. ③ From 2000 to 2010， the regions with increased fragmentation were mainly concentrated in southern Liaoning Province， Tianjin， northeastern Shandong Province， eastern Zhejiang Province， southwestern Guangdong Province， Hainan Province， and western Taiwan. Between 2010 and 2015， the fragmentation of coastal wetlands expanded significantly nationwide. From 2015 to 2020， the trend of coastal wetland fragmentation slowed， and the fragmented areas decreased. ④ Changes of total population， GDP， and impervious surface area were the main driving factors leading to the fragmentation of the coastal wetland landscape. The synergistic effect of temperature and total population presents the strongest explanatory power， emphasizing the importance of relieving urban population pressure in mitigating coastal wetland fragmentation in the context of global warming. This study provide scientific references for the management and sustainable development of coastal wetlands in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6698-6708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Correlation Network Structure and Driving Factors of Carbon Emission Intensity in the Manufacturing Industry of the Yangtze River Economic Belt].","authors":"Fei Liu, Zi-Hao He, Shun-Guo Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon emissions reduction in the manufacturing industry of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is crucial for green development， addressing climate change， optimizing industries， improving energy efficiency， and achieving economic sustainability. It is the key to achieving the goal of ecological civilization construction. Based on provincial panel data from 2011 to 2021， the carbon emission intensity of the manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was calculated， and the spatial correlation network of carbon emission intensity of the manufacturing industry was constructed using the modified gravity model. The overall characteristics， individual characteristics， and spatial clustering characteristics of the spatial correlation network of carbon emission intensity of the manufacturing industry were investigated using the social network analysis method. Finally， the driving factors of network formation were dynamically analyzed based on the QAP model. The results of the study follow： ① The carbon emission intensities of the Yangtze Economic Belt in each province and city clearly decreased， and the structure of the space-related network was clear； however， the space isolation and the stability of the network structure remained poor. ② The cities of Jiangsu， Shanghai， and Zhejiang Provinces play a long-term role in the spatial network， and the northwestern area of Sichuan Province， Yunnan Province， etc.， is located in an edge position in the long term， but the role in the network gradually strengthened through the research period. ③ During the study period， the factions of Shanghai， Jiangsu， and Zhejiang were leading factions， and the mutual exchanges of Hubei and Hunan Provinces were limited. The frequency of this interchange must be improved. ④ The geographical proximity， resource distribution， property rights structure， environmental regulation， and enterprise scale between provinces and cities have a significant impact on the formation of spatial connectivity networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6173-6184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Distribution， Source Apportionment， and Influencing Factors of Antibiotics in Typical Rivers Receiving Reclaimed Water].","authors":"Lin-Jing Wang, Yin Zhang, Hao-da Chen, Sai Gao, Jian-Sheng Cui, Lu-Lu Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reuse of reclaimed water causes a large number of toxic and harmful substances （e.g.， antibiotics） to enter the rivers receiving the reclaimed water. However， study of the occurrence， sources， and influencing factors of antibiotics in the water and sediment of receiving rivers remains limited. In consideration of this fact， the Fuhe River Basin was selected as the study area， and 15 water and sediment samples were collected in the non-flood season （May） and flood season （August） of 2023， respectively. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） was used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of 38 antibiotics in the water and sediment samples. In addition， the Unmix model was applied to analyze the sources of antibiotics. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple regression models were used to identify the main factors that influence the sources of antibiotics in the river. The results were as follows： ① Among the target antibiotics， 27 and 19 antibiotics were detected in water （ND-165.5 ng·L^-1） and sediment （ND-31.5 ng·g^-1）， respectively. ② The spatial distribution of the antibiotics concentration in water was in the order Xinjinxian River &gt; Huanghuagou River &gt; the main stream &gt; Huandi River &gt; Yimuquan River. In sediments， the antibiotics content ranking was Huanghuagou River &gt; Yimuquan River &gt; the main stream &gt; Huandi River &gt; Xinjinxian River in May and Yimuquan River &gt; the main stream &gt; Xinjinxian River &gt; Huandi River &gt; Huanghuagou River in August. ③ In May， aquaculture and livestock activities was the major source of antibiotics in both water （36.3%） and sediment （67.0%）； in August， surface runoff was the major source in water （49.3%）， while wastewater treatment plants were the major source for sediment （40.2%）. ④ The main influencing factors for the source of medical wastewater in the water were urban population and gross regional product， the main influencing factor for the source of sewage treatment plants in the water was permanent resident population， and the main influencing factor for the source of sewage treatment plants in the sediment was NO₃^--N. This study quantitatively analyzed the sources of antibiotics in receiving rivers and identified their main influencing factors， which provides theoretical and data support for precise control of antibiotics in the receiving rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6274-6284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Evolutionary Characteristics of Nocturnal PM_2.5 and O₃ Mass Concentrations in China and Their Synergistic Effects on Nighttime Atmospheric Compound Pollution].","authors":"Yi-Lin Li, Chao He, Li-Ling Chu, Qi-Xin Hu, Sha Peng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study systematically analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of nighttime PM_2.5 and O₃ mass concentrations in China and their synergistic effects on nighttime atmospheric compound pollution using hourly PM_2.5 and O₃ monitoring data from the China Environmental Monitoring General Station from 2015 to 2023. The study obtained the following results： ① The annual mean PM_2.5 mass concentration at night decreased by 2.7 μg·（m³·a）^-1 during the study period， while the annual mean O₃ mass concentration increased by 0.87 μg·（m³·a）^-1. ② The mass concentrations of PM_2.5 and O₃ between nighttime and daytime exhibited a synergistic pattern of change. The correlation coefficient between nighttime and daytime PM_2.5 mass concentrations was 0.92； the correlation coefficient between nighttime and daytime O₃ mass concentrations was 0.68. ③ Spatial statistical analyses revealed significant decreases in nighttime PM_2.5 mass concentration in 98.0% of the cities， especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration and its neighboring cities， while 65.6% of the cities， mainly in the central-eastern and southern regions， showed a significant increasing trend in nighttime O₃ mass concentration. ④ The number of cities with nighttime PM_2.5-O₃ compound pollution showed a pattern of first increasing （2015-2017）， then decreasing （2017-2020）， and finally increasing continuously （2020-2023）. Additionally， the spatial distribution of cities exhibited a shift from dispersion （2015-2017） to agglomeration （2017-2023）， with further expansion observed in central and southern China. ⑤ The spatial synergistic variations of PM_2.5 and O₃ demonstrated that the two exhibit significant positive and negative correlations in diverse regions of the country at night， indicating the complexity of the compound pollution. The findings of this study provide a scientific foundation and crucial point of reference for the management of nighttime air pollution in China， particularly with regard to the control of nighttime O₃ pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6675-6683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}