工业工程最新文献

{"title":"[Review of Methods and Risk Assessment of Microplastics from Food Sources].","authors":"Ye-Ran Bai, Jia-Jia Zhang, Run-Hao Bai, Qi Liu, Wen-Qing He, Wen-Bo Bai, Yan-Hua Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are becoming an emerging environmental pollutant of great concern. Microplastics present in large quantities in the environment can accumulate in the human food system, thus threatening human health. Characterizing microplastic contamination in food is important for scientifically assessing the risk of human intake. Based on the current published literature, this study analyzed the exposure pathways of human dietary exposure to microplastics in terms of food raw materials, processing, and packaging. Moreover, it further summarized the research methods for food microplastics, which mainly included density flotation, membrane technology, and electrokinetic separation technology series of detection methods and visual analysis, spectroscopy, chromatography, and laser infrared imaging series of identification methods. Finally, the estimated daily intake of microplastics through food exposure was calculated, and the potential hazards of microplastics to humans were discussed, it is proposed that future research needs to be conducted systematically in the directions of analysis and detection, source tracing, and toxicological studies to provide theoretical references for the comprehensive prevention and control of microplastics and the assessment of human health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1155-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preparation of Iron-based Lime-reinforced Passivation Material and Its Passivation Effect on Sb].","authors":"Jia-Hao Shi, Qiong-Li Bao, Yu-Tan Chu, Hong-Yu Sun, Yi-Zong Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a solidified material, iron salt has a good effect on the remediation of soil antimony （Sb） pollution, but its improper use will cause soil acidification and reduce the remediation effect. The ferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （FS） and the polyferric sulfate cornerstone ash-reinforced passivation material （PFS） were prepared by using ferric sulfate, polyferric sulfate, and quicklime as raw materials. The morphology and characteristics of the materials were analyzed using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The adsorption mechanism and remediation effect of the two materials on soil Sb were studied by an adsorption experiment and a soil culture experiment. The results showed that FS and PFS were mainly composed of iron and calcium oxides and hydroxides, which contained hydroxyl, carbonyl, and other functional groups. The Freundlich model fitted the isothermal adsorption data well, indicating that the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by both materials was multilayer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS increased with the increase in materials added. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the adsorption kinetics of FS and PFS well. Among the coexisting ions, PO₄^3- had the greatest effect on the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS, and the presence of a high concentration of （0.1 mol·L^-1） PO₄^3- significantly inhibited the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS. In the presence of low concentrations （0.01 mol·L^-1 and 0.001 mol·L^-1） of PO₄^3-, the adsorption of Sb （Ⅲ） by FS and PFS was promoted. The addition of FS and PFS could reduce the total Sb （T） and trivalent Sb （Ⅲ） contents of extractable citric acid in the soil. The soil culture experiment showed that adding 5% FS and PFS could reduce the exchangeable Sb content in heavily polluted soil by 66.39% and 72.88%, respectively, and reduce the exchangeable Sb content in mildly polluted soil by 56.04% and 56.86%, respectively. Soil pH and electrical conductivity （EC） increased significantly with the increase in material addition. In conclusion, FS and PFS had efficient adsorption properties for both aqueous solution and soil Sb, and application in acidic soil could significantly improve soil pH, indicating that both materials could effectively passivate soil Sb and alleviate soil acidification and have great potential in passivating remediation of Sb-polluted soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1118-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Change Patterns and Driving Factors of Phytoplankton Communities in Typical Lakes in the Eastern Lake Region].","authors":"Jie Liu, Jian-Ming Deng, Yong-Jiu Cai, Zhi-Jun Gong, Xiang-Ming Tang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Eastern Lake Region is the most eutrophic in China and is most affected by human activities. In recent years, phytoplankton have proliferated in most lakes in the lake region, with the frequent occurrence of water blooms, and the driving mechanisms and spatial differences for long-term changes in the phytoplankton community of lakes at the regional scale remain unclear. Among them, Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma are located in the Yangtze River Economic Zone and have important ecological functions such as storage, drinking water, and irrigation. They are greatly affected by human activities and are typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region. We used hydro-meteorological data, physical and chemical index data, and phytoplankton biomass data from 2016 to 2021 to study the phytoplankton community changes in typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region based on redundancy analysis and combined hierarchical partitioning and variance decomposition to identify the main drivers of phytoplankton community changes. The results showed that the long-term trends of climate background were generally consistent among typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region, but their nutrients, phytoplankton community, and environmental driving factors were different. The dominant phytoplankton phyla and genera in Lake Taihu, Lake Hongze, and Lake Luoma were significantly different. The lake characteristic, mainly characterized by water depth, was the main driving factor that led to spatial differences in phytoplankton communities among typical lakes in different seasons. The explanatory rates of water depth in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 46.32%, 30.79%, 26.92%, and 35.80%, respectively. However, the secondary driving factors had seasonal differences. Among them, in spring, the secondary driving factors were conductivity （13.48%） and total nitrogen （12.74%）. In summer, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.02%） and conductivity （14.71%）. In autumn, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （19.43%） and dissolved total nitrogen （15.86%）. In winter, the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus （23.53%） and the daily minimum temperature （14.91%）. Quantifying the contribution of different drivers was important for future lake eutrophication management and policy formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"877-888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamic Coordination Effect of Pollution Reduction, Carbon Reduction, and Economic Development in Guangdong Province].","authors":"Qian-Bin Di, Chen-Lu Liang, Xiao-Long Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the panel data of the regional GDP balance of pollutant and carbon dioxide emissions in 21 cities of Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2020, the dynamic equilibrium relationship between pollution reduction and carbon reduction and the economy was investigated using a PVAR model. The results were as follows： ① A self-growth mechanism of inertia effect exists in the Guangdong economy compared with pollution reduction and carbon reduction. ② The causal relationship between the economy and pollution control was mainly reflected in the inhibition effect of pollution discharge on the economy. The response of water pollutant discharge to economic shock changed from positive to negative, and the response curve of air pollutants to economic shock was V-shaped. The economy had a promoting effect on pollutants. ③ No two-way causal relationship exists between carbon emissions and economy, and the positive weakening impact of the economy on carbon emissions lagged behind, which accords with the Kuznets curve hypothesis. ④ A complex and subtle relationship exists between the economy and the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. The economy had a positive promoting effect on the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, while the backwardness of the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction inhibited the economy to a certain extent. To achieve the \"win-win\" situation of high economy and ecological protection in Guangdong Province, we must give full play to the \"double dividend\" effect of the economy driving the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, promote the optimization of industrial structure, increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, consolidate the foundation of emission reduction and carbon reduction, and thoroughly implement the strategic deployment of carbon emission peaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"669-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hydrochemical Characteristics and Mechanism Analysis of Shallow Groundwater in Beijing Plain Area].","authors":"Shi-Yu Wang, Zhao-Hui Ma, Miao Chang, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Yue Xi, Ji-Ji Chen, Di Cui, Lei Tao, Hong-Wei Jing, Hai-Feng Lu, Xiu-E Shen, Bao-Xian Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groundwater is an important resource for alleviating global water scarcity. Therefore, understanding its hydrochemical characteristics and mechanisms is of great significance for groundwater management. A total of 210 groundwater samples from shallow monitoring wells in the plain area of Beijing were collected in this study. Statistical analysis, Piper diagram, spatial interpolation, Pearson correlation analysis, and the ion ratio method were used to study the hydrochemical characteristics, spatial distribution, and formation mechanism of groundwater in the plain area of Beijing. The results showed that ① The groundwater of the six groundwater systems in the plain area was mainly HCO₃-Ca type. The water chemistry along the downstream of the alluvial fan of the Yongding River was HCO₃-Na·Ca type. The spatial variation coefficients of chemical components in groundwater were relatively large, indicating certain spatial differences. ② A strong and significant positive correlation exists between Fe and Mn in groundwater, and their spatial distribution is similar. High concentrations were distributed in the Tongzhou area downstream of the Chaobai River, mainly due to the hydrogeological structure of thin clay layers and alternating sand. Fe and Mn in groundwater mainly came from the dissolution of iron and manganese oxides. High concentrations of F^- were mainly distributed in the Wenyu River alluvial fan and Tongzhou area, which was related to the convergence of groundwater flow and the hydrogeological structure of multiple layers of clay and sand in the quaternary strata in Tongzhou. SO₄^2- and NO₃^- had similar spatial layouts, with high concentrations distributed upstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan, which may have been related to the historical drainage of infiltration wells and pits. ③ The hydrochemical types of the six groundwater systems were mainly controlled by the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate rocks, and certain sampling points downstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan were affected by the dissolution of silicate rock minerals to a certain extent. The ion ratio method showed that the hydrochemical components of groundwater in the Chaobai River alluvial fan mainly came from the dissolution of calcite. The groundwater in the alluvial fans of the Wenyu River and Yongding River mainly came from the dissolution of dolomite. The hydrochemical components of groundwater in other systems were influenced by the dissolution of both the two carbonate minerals. In addition, the milligram equivalent concentration of SO₄^2-+Cl^- in the study increased with that of NO₃^-, confirming the influence of human activities on the hydrochemical composition of groundwater. The research results will provide data support for the evaluation and management of groundwater in the plain areas of Beijing.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"833-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microbial Community Structure and Functional Genes of Phosphorus Cycling in Cotton Field Soil Under Long-term Saline Drip Irrigation].","authors":"Yang Ye, Xiao-Wen Guo, Mao-Qi Yang, Wei Min, Hui-Juan Guo","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater resources are scarce in arid regions, and the rational use of brackish water resources can alleviate local freshwater shortages, but long-term brackish drip irrigation increases the risk of soil salinization, which in turn affects soil nutrient transformation and microbial diversity. Soil phosphorus availability is critical for crop growth, yet it is unclear how long-term brackish drip irrigation will affect soil phosphorus transformation. Therefore, to investigate the effects of long-term brackish drip irrigation on soil phosphorus-transforming microorganisms and their functional genes in cotton fields, the experiment was set up with two irrigation water salinities, freshwater （0.35 dS·m^-1, FW） and brackish water （8.04 dS·m^-1, SW）. The results showed that long-term brackish drip irrigation significantly decreased cotton dry matter weight, phosphorus uptake, yield, soil pH, and Ca₂-P and Ca₁₀-P contents but significantly increased cotton phosphorus content and soil water content； electrical conductivity； quick phosphorus； and Ca₈-P, Al-P, Fe-P, and O-P contents. The dominant species in each treatment at the phylum level were Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacillus, and Greenscapes； and at the phylum level, the dominant species were <i>α</i>-Ascomycetes, Actinobacteria, <i>β</i>-Ascomycetes, Oleococcus thermophilus, and <i>γ</i>-Ascomycetes. including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Chloroflexi. Select dominant species at the class level included Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetia, Betaproteobacteria, Thermoleophilia, and Gammaproteobacteria. Long-term saline drip irrigation significantly reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Nitrospirae but significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes and significantly reduced the expression levels of the organic phosphorus mineralization gene <i>phnA</i>, transport gene <i>pit</i>, and polyphosphate synthesis gene <i>ppaC</i>. Moreover, it significantly increased the expression levels of the polyphosphate degradation gene <i>HDDC3</i>； organic phosphorus mineralization genes <i>phnG</i>, <i>phoA</i>, <i>phnH</i>, <i>phnL</i>, <i>phnM</i>, <i>phnN</i>, <i>phnP</i>, and <i>phnW</i>； transport genes <i>phnK</i>, <i>phnE</i>, <i>phnC</i>, and <i>phnD</i>； and the regulatory gene <i>phoB</i>. Correlation analysis showed that soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms and functional genes were closely related to soil physicochemical properties and soil inorganic phosphorus content. Therefore, long-term saline drip irrigation changes the composition of soil phosphorus-cycling microorganisms by affecting soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic phosphorus content, which in turn drives the expression of phosphorus-cycling-related functional genes to regulate and adapt to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1225-1235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Occurrence and Ecological Risk of Ultraviolet Absorbents in Water from the Guangzhou Reach of the Pearl River].","authors":"Ze-Wei Xu, Hui-Zhen Li, Jing You","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet absorbents （UVAs） are common additives in personal care and industrial products. Due to their pseudo-persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, environmental pollution and the risks associated with UVAs have raised widespread concern. However, current understanding of the pollution characteristics and ecological risks of UVAs in urban aquatic environments is still limited. To investigate the occurrence, composition, and spatial distribution characteristics of UVAs in the aquatic environment, eight UVAs in 40 paired water and suspended particulate matter （SPM） samples in the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River were analyzed, and their potential aquatic ecological risks were further assessed using risk quotients. The results showed that UVAs were widely detected in the aqueous and SPM phases of the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River, with total concentrations （∑₈UVA, range and mean ± standard deviation，ng·L^-1) of 6.52-85.8 （2.80 ± 6.34） and 5.69-461 （6.57 ± 34.1）, respectively. The concentrations of individual UVAs in the aqueous phase accounted for 16% to 99% of the sum concentrations in the aqueous and SPM phases. Specifically, two UVAs （2-ethylhexyl 4-（dimethylamino）benzoate （ODPABA） and 2-（2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl）benzotriazole （UV-P）） were almost exclusively （97% and 99% on average, respectively） distributed in the aqueous phase, one UVA （2-（2H-benzotriazol-2-yl）-4-（1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl）phenol （UV-329）） was mostly （84% on average） distributed in the SPM, and the remaining UVAs were similarly distributed to the aqueous and SPM phases, with concentrations in the aqueous phase accounting for 42%-74% of the sum concentrations in both phases. Concentrations of UVAs in the downstream were generally higher than those in the upstream. Compared with that in other regions, the pollution of UVAs in the waterbodies from the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River was at a moderate to high level. UVAs were detected at higher concentrations in waterbodies near recreational sites, industrial areas, and wastewater treatment plants. The personal care additive 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester （OCR） was the most dominant component in the aqueous and SPM phases, with detection frequencies of 98% and 100%, respectively, and its concentrations accounting for 50% and 60% of the sum concentrations in both phases, respectively. The risk quotients of individual UVAs in the aqueous phase from the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River ranged from &lt;0.1 to 1.08, indicating low to moderate risk. Three UVAs, i.e., ODPABA, OCR, and 2-（2H-benzotriazol-2-yl）-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol （UV-328）, were the potential chemicals at risk. Moreover, it is urgent to pay attention to their long-term risk to aquatic organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"786-795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Carbon and Nitrogen Footprint in Wheat and Maize Production Systems in Henan Province].","authors":"Gui-Xiang Wen, Jin-Zhe Yao, Qing Han, Ge-Zi Li, Zhi-Yong Wang, Cong-Guang Zhang, Lan-Tao Li, Shi-Liang Liu, Yi-Lun Wang, Xiao-Lei Jie, Hai-Tao Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the main producing area of wheat and maize in China, Henan Province produces considerable greenhouse gases during the production and planting processes. Determining the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen footprint changes during the growth process and analyzing the key driving factors will provide a basis for the green production of wheat and maize. Based on the life cycle assessment and LMDI model, the spatio-temporal characteristics, composition change trends, and driving factors of the carbon and nitrogen footprint during wheat and maize production in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020 were systematically evaluated. The results showed that： ① The production cost of wheat was higher than that of maize. ② The carbon footprint per unit area （ CO₂-eq ） of wheat and maize in Henan Province was 1.98 t·hm^-2 and 1.76 t·hm^-2, and the nitrogen footprint per unit area （N-eq ） was 48.28 kg·hm^-2 and 28.37 kg·hm^-2, respectively. The carbon footprint of wheat and maize in Henan Province showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the nitrogen footprint showed a decreasing trend year by year. ③ Irrigation emissions and NH₃ volatilization were the main components of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and maize, accounting for 28.64 % and 81.27 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and 35.28 % and 82.21 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of maize, respectively. ④ The carbon and nitrogen footprints of different cities in Henan Province were different, showing a higher trend in the southeast and a lower trend in the northwest. ⑤ The results of the LMDI model analysis showed that economic factors increased carbon and nitrogen emissions during wheat and maize production, whereas labor and production factors reduced carbon and nitrogen emissions. In summary, to reduce the carbon and nitrogen emissions of agricultural production in Henan Province, we should reduce labor and production costs, develop fertilizer-saving and water-saving technologies, strengthen agricultural science and technology innovation capabilities, and combine policies and economic incentives to promote the development of green and low-carbon agriculture and finally achieve carbon neutrality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1002-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Succession of Bacterial Community on the Surface of Biodegradable Mulch Films During Farmland Burial].","authors":"Hao Yu, Ming-Yang Zhang, De-Cai Jin","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid advancement of agricultural modernization, biodegradable mulch （BDM） in farmland has become increasingly prevalent. However, little is known about the effects of BDM buried in soil on bacterial communities. In this study, a burial experiment was conducted on farmland using BDM （PBAT+PLA）. The bacterial communities on the surface of the BDM （H8） at different burial stages were analyzed through Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The landfill experiment was carried out for a total of 75 days. The results revealed that the bacterial <i>α</i>-diversity in BDM was significantly lower than that in the control soil, with a notable decrease in soil bacterial <i>α</i>-diversity on the BDM surface in the later stages of burial compared to that in the early stages （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. The bacterial community of control soil was significantly different from that of BDM （<i>P</i>&lt;0.01）. The relative abundance of the Proteobacteria phylum in the BDM was significantly higher than that in the control soil （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. LEfSe analysis revealed significant differences in taxa between the buried BDM and the control group across burial stages. During the early stage, <i>Pseudarthrobacter</i> and <i>Acidovorax</i> showed significant differences. <i>Variovorax</i> and <i>Mycobacterium</i> exhibited differences in the mid-stage, whereas <i>Hydrogenophaga</i> and <i>Chryseolinea</i> differed significantly in the late stage. These taxa served as indicator species for their corresponding burial stages. Functional analysis of bacterial communities revealed an enhancement of carbon metabolism-related functions in the bacterial community on the BDM surface during the early and middle stages. Moreover, network analysis revealed that, compared to that in the control soil, BDM exhibited a simpler network structure of the bacterial community, higher modularity values, and more negative correlation connections. These findings collectively provide a scientific foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the impact of BDM on the soil microecological environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"1236-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of Water-soluble Ions in Atmospheric Particulates in Farmland in the Suburb of Nanjing].","authors":"Chao Pan, Hai-Ou Zhang, Wan-Ping Liu, Hong-Yan Zhang, Jian-Ling Fan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401097","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Water-soluble ions are an important component of atmospheric particles. However, there has been limited research on water-soluble inorganic ions in atmospheric particulates in agricultural areas until now. In this study, the characteristics of eight water-soluble inorganic ions （Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;, and Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;） in different sizes of atmospheric particulates （&gt;9.0, 5.8-9.0, 4.7-5.8, 3.3-4.7, 2.1-3.3, 1.1-2.1, 0.65-1.1, 0.43-0.65, and &lt;0.43 μm） were analyzed by sampling farmland in the suburb of Nanjing from December 2020 to November 2021. The results showed that the annual mass concentrations of total suspended particulate matter （TSP）, &lt; 9.0 μm and &lt; 2.1 μm particulates were 54.73, 49.04, and 27.35 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively, all of which reached the national secondary standards. The mass concentration of &lt; 2.1 μm particulates accounted for 50.0% of TSP, indicating that fine particles were the main components of atmospheric particulates in this area. The concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions in different sizes of particulates was highest in autumn, followed by those in spring/summer and winter. SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; was the primary contributor among all seasons and particle sizes, accounting for 30.6%-66.5%. The ratio of SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;/NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; was much higher than 1, indicating that the contribution of fixed-source pollution played a dominant role in the study area. Moreover, SOR （SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; gas-particle conversion rate） in different particle sizes was less than 0.1 only at individual times in winter, indicating that SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; was mainly derived from the secondary oxidation of SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the study area. Significant positive correlations （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05） between SOR and temperature were observed except for 4.7-5.8 μm particulates, indicating that the increase in temperature significantly promoted the photochemical formation process of SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; in particles with different sizes. However, the relationship between SOR and relative humidity was significant only in fine particulates smaller than 2.1 μm （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05）, indicating that the liquid phase reaction was an important pathway for the formation of SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; in fine particles. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the sources of water-soluble inorganic ions in particulates. Moreover, it showed that water-soluble inorganic ions in fine particulates mainly came from the secondary transformation of SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, while those in the coarse particles mainly came from the soil dust during farmland tillage. The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ion pollution in atmospheric particulate matter in agricultural areas. They provide a refer","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 2","pages":"727-735"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}