地球科学最新文献

{"title":"Stability assessment of typhoon rainfall-induced landslides using SBAS-InSAR and an improved Q-slope method","authors":"Rui Yong,Zhenglin Hu,Lihua Wang,Nick Barton,Jibo Qin,Pengju An,Changshuo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.109134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.109134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"777 1","pages":"109134"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From surfacing to stranding: The origins and dispersal dynamics of a neustonic siphonophore","authors":"River B. Abedon, Mary Beth Decker, Casey W. Dunn, Samuel H. Church","doi":"10.1002/lno.70526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70526","url":null,"abstract":"The Portuguese man‐o'‐war, <jats:italic>Physalia physalis</jats:italic> , regularly washes ashore on the US East Coast, but the physical and biological processes that determine when and where these animals strand are not well understood. Here we integrate iNaturalist observational data with a biologically‐informed particle‐tracking model to investigate the origins, dispersal, and stranding dynamics of <jats:italic>P. physalis</jats:italic> in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, building on recently reported population genomic structure. We find that juvenile <jats:italic>P. physalis</jats:italic> largely appear in Florida and on the Gulf of Mexico coast in winter months, and we use these findings to initialize particle‐tracking simulations based on observed juvenile distributions. Using models that incorporate <jats:italic>Physalia</jats:italic> drift hydrodynamics and high‐resolution forcing data, we show that <jats:italic>P. physalis</jats:italic> undergo rapid Gulf Stream transport along the US East Coast, with seasonal reproduction and onshore wind patterns shaping distinct regional stranding peaks, consistent with observed stranding data from iNaturalist. Our results suggest that seasonal Gulf Stream dynamics, including eddy activity, influence <jats:italic>P. physalis</jats:italic> transport in offshore regions and modulate strandings north of Cape Hatteras. Our study highlights the Gulf Stream's critical role in structuring planktonic distributions in the northwest Atlantic and reveals the transport dynamics that allow sailing species like <jats:italic>P. physalis</jats:italic> to disperse across vast regions of the ocean.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing and evolution of hydrothermal processes associated with base-metal deposition in alpine-type Pb-Zn deposits (Raibl, NE Italy)","authors":"Matteo Velicogna, Lorenzo Tavazzani, Nicolò Barago, Davide Lenaz, Paolo Nimis, Cyril Chelle-Michou, Marco Venier, Marco Beltrame, Angelo De Min, Paolo Omenetto, Massimo Chiaradia, Emanuele Forte","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01484-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01484-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of errors related to the VLBI transmitter on Genesis and their impact on the terrestrial reference frame","authors":"Helene Wolf, Lisa Kern, Johannes Böhm","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02120-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02120-2","url":null,"abstract":"Mission Genesis of the European Space Agency has been approved for launch in 2028. Its primary goal is the enhancement of the terrestrial reference frame by establishing a space tie on the Genesis satellite between all space geodetic techniques used for the determination of the frame. The satellite will be equipped with a dedicated Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) transmitter for geodesy. In this work, simulation studies with a global 20-station VLBI network are carried out to assess the impact of errors related to the VLBI transmitter on the terrestrial reference frame, more precisely on station coordinates derived from VLBI observations to Genesis. Our findings indicate that the calibration of the position of the VLBI transmitter on Genesis is critical for the success of the mission. Errors in the position at the one-centimeter-level will cause station coordinate errors of several millimeters. In particular, the tangential and cross-track components do have a significant influence. The precision of the VLBI group delays, however, is not as critical. Simulating white noise for the group delays of 40 ps does still yield station coordinate accuracies at the millimeter level, if estimated in a global solution from weekly 24-h sessions over five years. Considering the investigated aspects, the simulations confirm that the VLBI-related goals of Genesis can be achieved, if stringent requirements with the VLBI transmitter are fulfilled.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade-offs between soil inorganic and organic carbon driven by multiple global environmental changes","authors":"Tongshuo Bai, Yi Wang, Jun Deng, Yunpeng Qiu, Haotian Zhang, Steven J. Hall, Yi Zhang, Shuijin Hu","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02135-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02135-6","url":null,"abstract":"Dryland ecosystems store large amounts of both soil organic and inorganic carbon, yet the responses of soil inorganic carbon to global environmental change remain largely overlooked despite the potential vulnerability of this carbon pool. Here we aim to determine how soil inorganic and organic carbon respond to multiple global change drivers (warming, reactive nitrogen input and altered precipitation) using an 8-year field manipulation experiment in a semi-arid grassland and a meta-analysis based on 44 observations. We found that altered precipitation has no effect on soil inorganic carbon, but warming and nitrogen input interactively affect it. Specifically, nitrogen input alone does not affect soil inorganic carbon, but it increases soil inorganic carbon loss (~9.1%) when combined with climate warming. This inorganic carbon loss co-occurs with enhanced microbial nitrogen mineralization and nitrification, suggesting that enhancement of proton production due to nitrification controls soil inorganic carbon dissolution and persistence. Furthermore, both the field study and meta-analysis show that nitrogen input and/or warming induce contrasting changes in soil inorganic and organic carbon, suggesting a trade-off between soil inorganic and organic carbon under these two major global change drivers. These results highlight the need to account for the vulnerability of soil inorganic carbon when predicting dryland carbon dynamics under future climate change scenarios.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rupture process and strong ground motion generation of the November 13, 2017 Mw 6.5 Costa Rica earthquake","authors":"Aaron Moya","doi":"10.1007/s10950-026-10466-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-026-10466-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 13 November 2017 Mw 6.5 Costa Rica earthquake provides an important case study for investigating the relationship between subducted seafloor relief and earthquake source complexity. A first-order finite-fault inversion was conducted using teleseismic broadband and regional strong-motion records processed with the Wavelet Inversion for SliP package (WISP) to resolve low-frequency rupture characteristics. High-frequency source properties were subsequently investigated using the empirical Green’s function (EGF) method. The preferred finite-fault model reveals a fault plane approximately 32 km long and 28 km wide, characterized by a single principal slip patch centered near the hypocenter with a maximum displacement of 1.17 m. High-frequency modeling identifies a compact Strong Motion Generation Area (SMGA) of approximately 62.4 km² located within the northwestern portion of the rupture plane near Jacó city, with an elevated localized stress drop of 32.4 MPa. Synthetic waveforms successfully reproduce observed arrival times, shaking durations, velocity and displacement pulses, and spectral characteristics recorded across the regional accelerographic network, particularly at near-field stations. Ultimately, the compact rupture footprint and high stress drop link the event to a structural asperity from seamount subduction, demonstrating severe near-field shaking risks for Costa Rica’s central Pacific region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations of earthquake source parameters in the aswan high dam reservoir region: constraints on reservoir-modulated seismicity","authors":"Sayed S. R. Moustafa,&nbsp;Hamada Saadalla,&nbsp;Mohamed Metwaly,&nbsp;Ahmad M. Faried","doi":"10.1007/s10950-026-10460-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10950-026-10460-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates earthquake source characteristics and their spatiotemporal variability in the Aswan High Dam Reservoir (AHDR) region using 1,193 earthquakes (<span>(0.76 le M_L le 4.2)</span>) recorded during 2010–2022. Source-parameter analysis is based on 1,175 events with <span>(M_Lle 3.0)</span>, which were used for spatiotemporal analyses. Seismic moment (<span>(M_0)</span>) and S-wave corner frequency (<span>(f_c)</span>) were estimated from path- and site-corrected spectra using Brune’s <span>(omega ^2)</span> source model, and apparent stress drop was calculated assuming a circular seismic source. For the 1,175-event source-parameter dataset, the mean corner frequency is 13.61 Hz and the median apparent stress drop is 0.688 bar. Earthquake-level bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap resampling yields 95% confidence intervals of 13.46–13.79 Hz for mean <span>(f_c)</span> and 1.251–1.578 bar for mean apparent stress drop. Generalized Orthogonal Regression gives <span>(log _{10}(f_c/textrm{Hz}) = 6.698-0.306log _{10}[M_0/(mathrm {dyn,cm})])</span>, with a 95% bootstrap confidence interval of <span>([-0.3377,-0.2808])</span> for the slope. This interval includes the self-similar value of <span>(-1/3)</span>, indicating that the source scaling of the <span>(M_Lle 3.0)</span> earthquakes is statistically compatible with constant-stress-drop scaling under the adopted source and error models (error-variance ratio <span>(lambda =0.005)</span>; this compatibility is not retained for <span>(lambda ge 0.006)</span>). Inclusion of all 1,193 fitted events yields a shallower slope of <span>(-0.2706)</span> (95% CI: <span>([-0.2968,-0.2481])</span>), indicating sensitivity of the inferred scaling to the analyzed magnitude range. The 1,175 events show significant spatial clustering but no statistically significant recurrent monthly seasonality (Friedman test across years, <span>(chi ^2=18.5)</span>, 11 d.f., <span>(p=0.071)</span>). Gutenberg–Richter analysis of the complete catalog gives <i>b</i>-values of <span>(0.88pm 0.06)</span>, <span>(0.90pm 0.04)</span>, and <span>(1.92pm 0.38)</span> for 2010–2013, 2014–2017, and 2018–2022, with completeness magnitudes of 1.8, 1.5, and 2.0; the 2018–2022 estimate rests on only 25 events and is poorly constrained. The results indicate substantial source heterogeneity within a fault-controlled seismic system. Although hydrological modulation is physically plausible, the observational record does not independently establish reservoir forcing, as it lacks concurrent measurements of both reservoir level and subsurface pore pressure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seismology","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projected weakening of Northern Hemisphere summertime high-latitude waveguide and teleconnection variability","authors":"Jin-Yong Kim, Changhyun Yoo, Qinghua Ding, Kyong-Hwan Seo","doi":"10.1038/s41612-026-01577-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01577-4","url":null,"abstract":"Summertime high-latitude teleconnections shape persistent circulation anomalies and surface climate extremes across the Northern Hemisphere, yet their future evolution under anthropogenic warming remains poorly constrained. Using 31 CMIP6 models under SSP5-8.5, we examine projected changes in the high-latitude waveguide, teleconnection variability, and the resulting surface air temperature (SAT) response. The CMIP6 ensemble projects an ~20.3% weakening of the 250 hPa meridional potential vorticity (PV) gradient over 50°–80°N during 2050–2099 relative to 1965–2014. This weakening is driven primarily by the projected warming pattern itself: enhanced upper-tropospheric warming at low-to-mid latitudes together with vertically extensive Arctic warming reduces the meridional contrast in upper-tropospheric static stability. This weakened waveguide in turn supports less large-scale atmospheric variability. The interannual variability of the leading EOF1–3 teleconnection modes, represented by 250 hPa meridional winds, decreases by ~3.6%, with larger PV gradient reductions across models corresponding to larger declines in variability. This dynamical weakening does not, however, translate into weaker SAT variability. Teleconnection-related SAT variance increases because SAT anomalies become more sensitive to local circulation anomalies, although the physical processes underlying this enhanced sensitivity are not yet fully understood. These results show that the weakening of the high-latitude waveguide in a warmer world is accompanied by complex and diverse responses across multiple fields.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why the midlatitude ocean is warming faster in summer than in winter","authors":"Daniel J. Vimont,Michael A. Alexander,Jackson A. Zweifel,David S. Henderson,Tristan S. L’Ecuyer,Salil Mahajan,Sagar Rathod","doi":"10.1038/s41612-026-01567-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01567-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Post-Collisional Magmatism in Continental Growth and Reworking Since the Late Archean","authors":"Dongjian Ouyang,&nbsp;Ross N. Mitchell,&nbsp;Peng Peng,&nbsp;Jinghui Guo,&nbsp;Qiuli Li","doi":"10.1029/2026GC013327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2026GC013327","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanisms responsible for the formation and compositional evolution of continental crust remain central questions in Earth science. Post-collisional magmatism is widely preserved in the continental record; however, its contribution to crustal growth may be underestimated because enriched isotopic signatures obscure juvenile mantle input. Here, we present integrated whole-rock geochemical, Sm–Nd–O isotopic, and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopic data for ∼2.49–2.45 Ga post-collisional mafic and felsic rocks from the Daqingshan Terrane, western North China Craton. The Daqingshan mafic rocks lack diagnostic arc-like signatures, show no pronounced depletion in high-field-strength elements, and have relatively radiogenic Nd–Hf isotopic compositions, indicating derivation from a depleted but variably hybridized mantle source. Systematic mafic–felsic isotopic correspondences, together with large isotopic variations (whole-rock <i>ε</i>_Nd(<i>t</i>) = −3.1 to +4.5, zircon <i>ε</i>_Hf(<i>t</i>) = −11.2 to +6.4, zircon <i>δ</i>¹⁸O = 2.9‰ to 9.2‰), indicate that the felsic batholiths were genetically linked to the mafic magmas and formed through variable combinations of mafic magma differentiation, magma hybridization, and crustal anatexis. Hf–O isotope mixing and mass-balance estimates suggest that juvenile mantle-derived material accounts for at least ∼36% of the exposed felsic–intermediate assemblage and may approach ∼50% when unexposed mafic underplates are considered. Comparable magmatic timescales and mafic compositional trajectories in other collisional belts suggest that similar processes may have operated more widely. These results identify post-collisional mafic magmatism as a cryptic mechanism for continental crust preservation, growth, and reworking since the late Archean.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2026GC013327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}