地球科学最新文献

{"title":"Correction: The chemical and Sm–Nd isotopic behaviour of accessory minerals in metasediments along the LP-HT Chugach Metamorphic Complex (Alaska)","authors":"Théo Biget, Emilie Bruand, Inês Pereira, Maud Boyet, Deta Gasser, Kurt Stüwe, Antonio Langone","doi":"10.1007/s00410-025-02261-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00410-025-02261-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":526,"journal":{"name":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"180 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00410-025-02261-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of ammonia in C-O-H-N fluids at 3.0-7.8 GPa and 750–1100 °C: implications for the efficiency of nitrogen flux into the mantle","authors":"A. G. Sokol,&nbsp;A. A. Tomilenko,&nbsp;T. A. Bul’bak,&nbsp;A. N. Kruk","doi":"10.1007/s00410-025-02259-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00410-025-02259-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The knowledge of Nitrogen speciation in the C-O-H-N fluid phase has important implications for the efficiency of Nitrogen flux and recycling in the mantle. The composition of nitrogen-rich C-O-H-N fluids is studied experimentally at pressures from 3.0 to 7.8 GPa, temperatures from 750 to 1090°С, and oxygen fugacity (<i>f</i>O₂) at the iron-wȕstite (IW) to fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffers simulating the conditions of a slab subducted to mantle depths from 100 to 250 km. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the experimental quenched fluids reveals ammonia (NH₃), N₂, H₂O, CO₂, CH₄, as well as minor amounts of light alkanes and oxygen-bearing organics, while the NH₃/(N₂ + NH₃) ratio ranges from 0.01 to 0.97. Most of the experimental C-O-H-N fluids contain low fractions of NH₃ (≤ 0.12), while higher values are possible only at very low <i>f</i>O₂ unrealistic for subduction zones at depths &lt; 250 km. A semi-empirical model, with the equilibrium constant K*(K*=<span>(:{X}_{{NH}_{3}}^{2})</span>/<span>(:{X}_{{N}_{2}})</span>), is suggested to predict nitrogen speciation for a sediment-derived mobile phase with reduced H₂O contents for typical <i>P-T</i>-<i>f</i>O₂ ranges. As inferred previously, the fraction of NH₃ can exceed the N₂ fraction (<span>(:{X}_{{NH}_{3}}^{})</span>/<span>(:{X}_{{N}_{2}})</span> &gt;1) only in diluted aqueous fluids generated at temperatures of warm subduction and at a pressure of ~3.0 GPa, but it remains negligible in the hot subduction conditions. The transformation of the aqueous fluid into a supercritical fluid-melt (with reduced H₂O fraction) in warm or hot slabs subducted to depths equivalent to <i>P</i>≥3.5-5.5 GPa, is demonstrated to decrease significantly the fraction of NH₃ in the mobile phase, the redox conditions being invariable. In general, the aqueous fluid-to-SCFM transformation is expected to reduce the concentrations of nitrogen species compatible with phengite. Correspondingly, the coefficient of nitrogen partitioning between the mobile phase and phengite becomes lower with increasing pressure, which reduces the flux of nitrogen carried by both warm and hot slabs to depths &gt;150 km.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":526,"journal":{"name":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"180 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphase Fracturing, Fluid Evolution, and Geothermal Sustainability in Mesoproterozoic Carbonates of the North China Craton","authors":"Lei Jiang,&nbsp;Zichen Wang,&nbsp;Yongliang Ou,&nbsp;Feng Ma,&nbsp;Yibo Wang","doi":"10.1111/bre.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the origin and evolution of fractures is critical for evaluating the long-term sustainability of geothermal water production from carbonate reservoirs, an emerging low-carbon energy source aligned with global carbon-neutrality goals. In this study, we develop a fracture-fluid evolution model for Mesoproterozoic carbonates of the North China Craton (NCC) by integrating U–Pb dating of fracture-filling dolomites with petrological, micro-CT, and multi-isotopic (C, O, clumped and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) analyses. Three principal phases were identified at ~1550 to 973 Ma, 669 to 597 Ma, and 106 to 58 Ma. Clumped isotope-derived temperatures (57.1°C–93.6°C) and calculated burial depths (mostly &lt; 2 km, with few reaching ~2.5 km) indicate predominantly shallow diagenetic conditions. Fluids responsible for Phases I–II fracturing were primarily seawater-derived, whereas meteoric water dominated Phase III fracturing beginning in the late Mesozoic. Our results demonstrate that high reservoir connectivity—primarily driven by multiphase fracturing—exerts a first-order control on reservoir quality, while porosity and pore-throat dimensions play a secondary role. This connectivity, coupled with the absence of large karstic cavities, sustains high hydrostatic pressures and sustained geothermal yields. An estimated ~1.1 × 10²² J of geothermal energy—derived from meteoric recharge over recent geologic time—underscores the carbon-neutral potential of these fractured carbonates. The integrated methodology presented here offers a transferable framework for evaluating fractured geothermal systems worldwide.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"37 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of Clouds and Radiation Over King George Island and Implications for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica","authors":"Penny M. Rowe,&nbsp;Xun Zou,&nbsp;Irina Gorodetskaya,&nbsp;Robert A. Stillwell,&nbsp;Raul R. Cordero,&nbsp;Edgardo Sepulveda,&nbsp;David H. Bromwich,&nbsp;Zhenhai Zhang,&nbsp;F. Martin Ralph,&nbsp;Steven Neshyba","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042787","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clouds play an important role in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic surface energy balance via their radiative effects and in surface mass balance via precipitation formation. Here, we use measurements at Escudero Station (62.2°S, 58.97°W) on King George Island, north of the Antarctic Peninsula, to characterize clouds and their effects on the surface incoming radiation between 2017 and 2023. These measurements are unique providing 7 years of simultaneous cloud and radiation measurements, including year-round observations. Cloud measurements using a mini micropulse lidar showed that clouds are present 96% of the time with persistent low-level supercooled liquid-containing clouds: 86% of the lowest cloud bases are within the first 1 km. Liquid was present about 80% of the time, and most liquid was supercooled: cloud-base temperatures were below 0°C for 82% of atmospheric columns classified as liquid-containing. Combining pyranometer and pyrgeometer measurements with clear-sky radiative transfer modeling, we find that the downward cloud radiative forcing is negative during October–March and positive during April–September. For clouds with base temperatures below 260 K, downward longwave cloud forcing is found to be lower for ice-only clouds than for liquid-containing clouds; however, at warmer temperatures, both ice-only and liquid-containing clouds exhibited similar radiative forcing. During strong atmospheric river (AR) events, when long corridors of moisture bring heat and precipitation, surface temperatures are found to be positively correlated with downward shortwave (DSW) cloud forcing in summer, indicating that weaker DSW cloud forcing is linked to higher summertime surface temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clastic Rocks of the Basement-Overlying Proterozoic Sedimentary Sequences: Communication 2. Sandstones and Main Features of Lithogeochemistry","authors":"A. V. Maslov,&nbsp;V. N. Podkovyrov,&nbsp;A. K. Khudoley,&nbsp;A. V. Kuptsova","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700208","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the analysis of the bulk chemical composition of sandstones that make up the Proterozoic sedimentary sequences, which unconformably overlie the basement (Ai and Prikamsk formations; Mukun and Valdai groups; Kerur Formation; Gwalior, Athabasca, Libby Creek, Wufoshan, and Birim groups, and others), it has been shown that the content of the major oxides and trace elements in them in the overwhelming majority of cases differs significantly from the chemical composition of the average Proterozoic cratonic sandstone. Their composition corresponds mainly to litharenites, sublitharenites, arkoses, and subarkoses according to the classifications proposed by F.J. Pettijohn with co-authors and M. Herron. Most of the sandstones from the analyzed set belong to rocks containing a significant or predominant part of the lithogenic component. The detrital material composing the sandstones was sourced from fairly mature substrates, with insignificant role of the basic igneous and metamorphic (?) rocks. The bulk chemical composition of sandstones and the paleogeodynamic nature of rocks suggest that the substrates were produced by various orogenic/collisional and rifting events. As with the fine-grained clastic rocks in the studied Proterozoic sedimentary sequences, obviously, not all of the discriminant diagrams used in this study yield consistent results.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 5","pages":"512 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archaeobotanical study of the Tangzigou site reveals wild plant exploitation in the terminal Paleolithic of southwest China","authors":"Yong-Jiang Huang ,&nbsp;Xue-Ping Ji ,&nbsp;Nina G. Jablonski ,&nbsp;Jian-Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Qing Yang ,&nbsp;Zi-Ning Zou ,&nbsp;Jun Yang ,&nbsp;Yun-Heng Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wild plants have been an important part of the diet of ancient people, and their remains at archaeological sites are therefore a good proxy for disentangling human exploitation of plant foods in the history. Yunnan in southwest China has been poorly explored in archaeobotany, especially for periods before the Neolithic when gathering was still dominant in plant utilization. Here, we present an archaeobotanical assemblage consisting of fruit and seed remains from the regionally terminal Paleolithic (8740 ± 30 BP) Tangzigou site in western Yunnan. Our taxonomic identification shows that the archaeobotanical assemblage is poor in diversity with only four taxa, i.e., <em>Celtis</em> sp. (hackberry), <em>Prunus persica</em> (wild peach), <em>Vitis</em> sp. (wild grape) and <em>Choerospondias axillaris</em> (Nepal hog plum), which have served as potential food resources to ancient people of the site. However, the full picture of plant exploitation by the Tangzigou people cannot be gained only from the low abundance and diversity of plant remains at the site itself. Based on what is known of the practices of hunter-gatherers today, most fruits and seeds were probably eaten by Tangzigou people during the course of foraging trips, with only a small fraction being carried back to the site for processing and consumption. The fruit stone remains of <em>C. axillaris</em> have been processed with fire accidently or intentionally; the intentional fire-processing was probably for consumption of the seeds inside, which is compatible with the processing of animal foods with fire by the Tangzigou people. Our study brings to light the possible incorporation of plant food resources into the diet of the latest Paleolithic Tangzigou people who are suggested to have lived under a warm subtropical climate. It also enriches our knowledge of the historical use of wild plants by early Holocene humans in southwest China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 109980"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-Layer Glauconite-Nontronite Clay Minerals from Biomorphoses and Host Rocks of the Gzhelian Stage (Moscow Region)","authors":"B. A. Sakharov,&nbsp;Yu. V. Yashunsky,&nbsp;A. E. Davydov,&nbsp;V. I. Taskaev,&nbsp;I. A. Morozov","doi":"10.1134/S002449022570018X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S002449022570018X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Study of the internal structure of the recently described new species of sponge <i>Gzhelistella cornigera</i> (Davydov et al., 2023) and fusulinids from the Gzhelian stage (Moscow region) revealed numerous polymineral biomorphoses composed of mixed-layer clay minerals, goethite, chalcedony, and sanidine. A detailed structural and crystal-chemical study of clay minerals from biomorphoses and the host rock revealed a structural heterogeneity of the mixed-layer minerals. Using the X-ray diffraction pattern modeling method, it has been established that the clay material in the studied samples is represented by two authigenic mixed-layer (glauconite-nontronite) types with a contrasting relationship between the content of different layers and/or their alternation order, but identical structural and crystal-chemical characteristics of the crystallites. It is shown that such formations should be considered a single heterogeneous mixed-layer structure, with the relationship and/or alternation order of different layer types in crystals varying within certain limits. It has been established that the structural and crystal-chemical characteristics of mixed-layer minerals from brown biomorphoses and host rocks are almost indistinguishable, whereas these parameters are significantly different for green biomorphoses. It is assumed that the newly formed clay minerals from host rocks, like their brown analogs, were formed under similar physicochemical conditions. It is also obvious that during the formation of mixed-layer phases, brown biomorphoses were already deprived of the biogenic organic matter, while green biomorphoses retained it in sufficient quantity to change the environmental conditions within themselves in some places.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 5","pages":"553 - 571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Geochemical Peculiarities of the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Pleistocene Sediments","authors":"M. A. Levitan,&nbsp;L. G. Domaratskaya,&nbsp;A. V. Koltsova,&nbsp;K. V. Syromyatnikov","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700221","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the reports of DSDP, ODP, IODP phases of the International Deep-Sea Drilling Project and other references, the arithmetic mean chemical compositions of the main Pleistocene sediment types in the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific oceans are compared. The mean chemical composition of different sediment types was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the chemical component concentrations, as well as the average composition of Pleistocene sediments, on the whole, for three main ocean basins. It is shown that masses of the dry sedimentary material play the leading role in the comparative analysis of the weighted mean chemical composition. The mass accumulation rates are evaluated for the major oxides in Pleistocene sediments of all oceans. Data on modern factors influencing the oceanic sedimentation, ratios of the water catchment areas with accumulation basin areas, composition of provinces, continent climate, as well as areas of the sea floor above/under the critical depth surface, and primary production of the ocean are considered. These data are compared with our results concerning the values of major oxide concentrations in Pleistocene sediments of all oceans. It has been established that the mean chemical composition of oceanic sediments is governed mainly by the level of critical depth surface and degree of geochemical differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 5","pages":"477 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Pliocene‒Quaternary (<2.7 Ma) Sedimentation in the Eurasian Basin (Arctic Ocean)","authors":"A. V. Zayonchek,&nbsp;S. Yu. Sokolov,&nbsp;A. V. Soloviev","doi":"10.1134/S002449022570021X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S002449022570021X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geomorphological analysis and age correlation of the Late Pliocene–Quaternary regional stages identified in the ARC1407A seismic section by onlapping the oceanic basement, with the age specified based on calculations of the position of theoretical linear magnetic anomalies, were carried out. Interpretation of the ARC1407A seismic time section makes it possible to use the previous seismostratigraphic correlations of glaciomarine deposits for the western Barents Sea and the northeastern part of the adjacent deep-water basin. Based on the geomorphological analysis, extended canyon systems were identified in the Nansen Basin and eastern Amundsen Basin. Significant amounts of sedimentary cover in the Nansen Basin are glaciomarine sediments deposited since the end-Late Pliocene. In the central Nansen Basin, glaciomarine sediments were deposited simultaneously from two closely located troughs (Saint Anna and Voronin). Glaciomarine sediments, transported to the central Nansen Basin cyclically, have a mixed character (underwater landslides and turbidite flows). In the Amundsen and Podvodnikov basins, glaciomarine deposits began to form in the second half of the Middle Neopleistocene.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 5","pages":"496 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Paleoenvironmental Implications of Phosphorite-Bearing Deposits in Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt","authors":"Rehab A. Fekry,&nbsp;Mohammed I. El Anbaawy,&nbsp;Gebely A. Abu El-Kheir,&nbsp;Said Mohamed Said,&nbsp;Rania Abu-Ali","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700166","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700166","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study presents an integrated investigation of petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical data from Upper Cretaceous phosphorite-bearing strata west of the Abu-Tartur Plateau in the Western Desert of Egypt. Fifty-five samples representing phosphorite and associated rocks were collected from six outcrops. Three facies are identified: phosphorites, carbonates, and siliciclastics. The mineralogy of the samples was quantified via X-ray diffraction (XRD) as follows: fluorapatite, dolomite, calcite, pyrite, quartz, and smectite species. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) permitted the quantification of the major oxides: SiO₂, Al₂O₃, MgO, Fe₂O₃, CaO, K₂O, Na₂O, P₂O₅, and SO₃ as well as F and loss of ignition (LOI). The statistical analysis of these geochemical data revealed three significant controlling factors during and after the deposition of the studied phosphorite and associated rocks. These factors represent the effects of the diagenesis of phosphorites, argillaceous marine rocks, and alumino-silicates in descending order of their relative strength. Trends of the analyzed major elements for the study samples are documented. Phosphorite, phosphatic rocks, dolomitized rocks, and siltstone-mudstone are recognized lithologies on the basis of the chemical compositions of the analyzed major oxides. The principal diagenetic processes affecting the phosphorite-bearing rocks included dolomitization, pyritization, silicification, bone dissolution, and micritization.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 5","pages":"589 - 603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}