地球科学最新文献

{"title":"2024 Surprise Inlet Landslides: Insights From a Prototype Landslide-Triggered Tsunami Monitoring System in Prince William Sound, Alaska","authors":"Ezgi Karasözen,&nbsp;Michael E. West,&nbsp;Katherine R. Barnhart,&nbsp;John J. Lyons,&nbsp;Terry Nichols,&nbsp;Lauren N. Schaefer,&nbsp;Bohyun Bahng,&nbsp;Summer Ohlendorf,&nbsp;Dennis M. Staley,&nbsp;Gabriel J. Wolken","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115911","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alaska's coastal communities face growing landslide hazards owing to glacier retreat and extreme weather intensified by the warming climate, yet hazard monitoring remains challenging. As part of ongoing experimental monitoring in Prince William Sound, we detected three large landslides (0.5–2.3 M m³) at Surprise Inlet on 20 September 2024, within the span of an hour. These events were identified in near real-time through seismic data and later confirmed using satellite imagery, tidal records, and infrasound. The landslides generated a modest tsunami, and a 4 cm wave was recorded by a tide gauge 18 km away, marking the first recorded landslide to reach water since monitoring began in this region in 2021. Here, we examine the detection and interpretation of these landslides using multiple data sources and modeling. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this regional seismic monitoring system and show how complementary instrumentation, where available, can enhance detection capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Storage Pattern Linked to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Slowdown","authors":"Qiuping Ren,&nbsp;Yuanlong Li,&nbsp;Shineng Hu,&nbsp;Shang-Ping Xie,&nbsp;Yilong Lyu,&nbsp;Fan Wang","doi":"10.1029/2025GL116801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116801","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Atlantic Ocean has absorbed ∼30% of Earth's excess heat under anthropogenic warming and witnessed enhanced warming since the mid-20th century. Yet, mechanisms governing the Atlantic warming, particularly the role of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), remain uncertain. Through ocean-only and coupled model experiments, we confirm the key role of the weakened AMOC in the enhanced Atlantic heat storage. Physically, the reduced poleward heat transport of AMOC causes an additional heat pile-up in the 15°S–45°N regions with a lag time of ∼10 years. Based on this dynamical linkage, we propose that the regional enhanced heat storage in the 15°S–45°N Atlantic relative to the global average serves as a fingerprint for the long-term AMOC change. The observed heat storage indicates an overall AMOC slowdown by only 1.31 ± 0.39 Sv since the 1950s. Considering the pronounced natural variability, this weak anthropogenic AMOC slowdown probably has not emerged yet.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling recycling and climate influence on detrital U-Pb geochronology of titanite and apatite: An example from the Gaskiers Glaciation in Newfoundland","authors":"Nicolas Gómez ,&nbsp;David Lowe ,&nbsp;Sebastian Kommescher ,&nbsp;Andrea Mills","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detrital zircon geochronology is a valuable tool for detecting changes in sediment provenance. However, fertility and reworking biases can obscure the identification of distinct detritus sources during glaciation in complex tectonic settings. Apatite and titanite U-Pb geochronology offers a more versatile option, covering a more comprehensive range of host rocks and closure temperature conditions, although weathering and diagenesis majorly affect mineral stability. Decoupling between multi-proxy age spectra and associated trace element variations provides an opportunity to elucidate the effects of glacial conditions on mineral stability and preservation. Here, we used detrital apatite and titanite U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry from Ediacaran glaciogenic strata of the Gaskiers Glaciation in the Bonavista Peninsula of Newfoundland (Avalon Zone) to better understand sediment recycling and source-to-sink dynamics during glacial events.</div><div>Apatite age spectra from the ca. 590 Ma fluvio-glacial Jones Pond and Plate Cove East members yield dominantly 660–630 Ma U-Pb apatite ages. In contrast, apatite spectra from the ca. 590–580 Ma proximal glaciomarine Monk Bay Member and the overlying ca. 580 Ma deglacial Trinity Diamictite are dominated by ca. 600–580 Ma grains, closely approximating depositional ages. The paucity of Ediacaran detrital apatite in periglacial conglomerates compared to their presence of these grains in deglacial strata reflects their preferential dissolution under acidic weathering conditions, implying the advance of glaciers over the Avalonian catchment from ca. 590 to 580 Ma.</div><div>Detrital titanite preserves Archean, Mesoproterozoic, and Tonian single-grain U-Pb ages throughout the same succession, corroborating contributions from older sources within the otherwise Cryogenian–Ediacaran volcanic arc-dominated West Avalonia assemblage. Long-transported detritus is rare, whereas polycyclic apatite and titanite in the studied units indicate a direct sedimentary link between the underlying Connecting Point Group and its Baltican and/or Amazonian cratonic basement sources. Furthermore, detrital titanite results suggest hydrothermal activity and low-grade metamorphic overprints of ca. 540 and 400 Ma, the latter akin to the Acadian Orogeny that affected West Avalonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"427 ","pages":"Article 107871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial accessibility to healthy food in context: Adapting current conceptualizations to a Latin American city","authors":"Leticia Vidal ,&nbsp;Gerónimo Brunet ,&nbsp;Diego Hernández ,&nbsp;Florencia Alcaire ,&nbsp;Lucía Bonilla ,&nbsp;María Costa ,&nbsp;María Rosa Curutchet ,&nbsp;Fernanda Risso ,&nbsp;Sofía Verdier ,&nbsp;Gastón Ares","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed at conceptualizing adequate spatial accessibility to healthy food in Montevideo. The conceptualization was developed following three key steps: i) analysis of observational data on food purchasing behavior, ii) development of an initial definition, iii) validation and refinement with key local stakeholders. Primary data was obtained from a telephone survey with 505 residents to explore food purchasing patterns. Secondary data corresponded to surveys on household expenditure surveys and mobility. Observational data highlighted the diversity of food outlets where residents of Montevideo purchase their food. Small neighborhood stores were identified as key sources of healthy foods, especially for residents of low socio-economic status. Regarding food shopping trips, walking was identified as the main transportation mode. The median travel time was estimated to be 10 min or lower. Areas with adequate spatial accessibility to healthy food in Montevideo were defined as those where residents have access within 600 m to outlets selling all the following food groups: fruits and vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, or culinary ingredients. The methodological approach presented in the current study can be used by other authors to adapt current conceptualizations of spatial accessibility to healthy foods to their local context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 103709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alcohol-governed mechanism of monocarbonyl oligomerization: implications for explosive growth of fine particulate matter","authors":"Yuemeng Ji, Jiaxin Wang, Yongpeng Ji, Yanpeng Gao, Weina Zhang, Jiangyao Chen, Guiying Li, Taicheng An","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01138-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01138-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secondary organic aerosol (SOA), as a major component of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), significantly impacts air quality, climate, and human health. Although the aqueous chemistry of oxygenated organic compounds (OOCs) is acknowledged as an important contributor to the global SOA budget, the mechanisms by which this process yields SOA-forming oligomers remain unclear. Therefore, we clarify the aqueous-phase reactions of monocarbonyl OOCs (MOOCs, e.g., octanal and 2,4-hexadienal) in sulfuric acid aerosols using quantum chemistry and kinetic calculations. We identified all intermediates and products for established reaction pathways and explored a newly alcohol-governed mechanism for MOOC oligomerization, independent of prior atmospheric knowledge. Oligomers are yielded by the repetition of simple organic reactions, including protonation/deprotonation, hydration/dehydration, and nucleophilic addition, leading to rapid SOA formation. Our results unveil that an alcohol-governed aqueous-phase reaction mechanism of MOOC is likely prevalent across other OOCs in the atmosphere and helps to explain the explosive growth of PM_2.5.</p>","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrogenesis of cogenetic silica-undersaturated and -oversaturated rocks: Quantifying the role of crustal assimilation","authors":"Caroline R. Soderman ,&nbsp;Owen M. Weller ,&nbsp;Alex Copley ,&nbsp;Adrian A. Finch ,&nbsp;Charles D. Beard","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crustal assimilation during fractional crystallisation is commonly proposed as a mechanism to generate evolved silica-oversaturated (i.e. quartz normative) rocks alongside cogenetic silica-undersaturated (i.e. feldspathoid normative) rocks. However, the amount of required assimilation, and the impact of varying crystallisation parameters (e.g. pressure, oxygen fugacity), remain poorly understood, despite a petrogenetic framework for these cogenetic rocks being necessary for understanding their varied magmatic critical metal enrichment. Here we apply new thermodynamic models to a case study of the Younger Giant Dyke Complex in south Greenland, a layered intrusive complex with cogenetic evolved silica-undersaturated and -oversaturated rocks, to explore quantitatively the role of these processes during fractionation and assimilation. A range of assimilation scenarios is explored, alongside thermal and isotopic perspectives on these scenarios. Our calculations show that a phase equilibria approach can tightly constrain assimilant amounts (e.g. 0–≤<!--> <!-->15% assimilation by mass of country rock granite in this complex), because of the narrow compositional range that divides silica-undersaturated from silica-oversaturated melts, whereas thermal and isotopic approaches may permit wider ranges of assimilation estimates because their model input parameters tend to be more variable. In general, silica-undersaturated primitive melts crystallising at more reduced conditions and/or higher pressures require more crustal assimilation to become silica-oversaturated. Consequently, the formation of evolved silica-undersaturated rocks is favoured when fractionation occurs at lower oxygen fugacity and higher pressures, because magmas are more protected from the effects of assimilation. Understanding such behaviour may be an important part of decoding why some alkaline-silicate complexes develop high concentrations of critical metals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensified dominance of El Niño-like convection relevant for global atmospheric circulation variations","authors":"Fenying Cai, Shuheng Lin, Dieter Gerten, Song Yang, Xingwen Jiang, Zhen Su, Jürgen Kurths","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01140-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01140-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropical convection anomaly could serve as a crucial driver of global atmospheric teleconnections and weather extremes around the world. However, quantifying the dominances of convection anomalies with regional discrepancies, relevant for the variations of global atmospheric circulations, remains challenging. By using a network analysis of observation-based rainfall and ERA5 reanalysis datasets, our study reveals that El Niño-like convection is the most primary rainfall pattern driving the global atmospheric circulation variations. High local concurrences of above-normal rainfall events over equatorial central-eastern Pacific amplify their impacts, even though the most intense rainfall anomalies are observed near the Maritime Continent. Furthermore, we find that the impacts of El Niño-like convection will be tripled by the end of this century, as projected consistently by 23 climate models. Such “rich nodes get richer” phenomenon is probably attributable to the dipolar rainfall changes over the equatorial western-central Pacific. This study highlights the dominant role of El Niño-like convection on the global climate variations, especially under the future changing climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144521182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Inversion of Satellite-Based Isoprene and Formaldehyde Observations to Constrain Emissions of Nonmethane Volatile Organic Compounds","authors":"J. Choi,&nbsp;D. K. Henze,&nbsp;K. C. Wells,&nbsp;D. B. Millet","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reducing uncertainties in nonmethane volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions is critical for understanding air quality and its impacts on human health and climate. In this study, we introduce an iterative joint mass balance inversion framework that synthesizes multiconstituent satellite observations, with a particular focus on CrIS isoprene and OMPS formaldehyde (CH₂O) column measurements. Our analysis targets East Asia during May–June 2016, using the GEOS-Chem model. Our joint inversion improves the model performance for both species compared to the satellite observations, as evident from increases in correlation coefficient (<i>R</i>) from 0.37 to 0.70 for isoprene and from 0.90 to 0.92 for CH₂O, and reductions of normalized mean bias from −79% to −64% for isoprene and from −23% to −16% for CH₂O. In contrast, single-species inversions of CH₂O- and isoprene-alone lead to minor reductions in <i>R</i> for the unobserved species. Cross-validation with airborne observations highlights the downside of single-species inversions, showing that the CH₂O-only inversion tends to overfit CH₂O and degrade the isoprene simulation, which is mitigated by simultaneously using satellite isoprene observations in the joint inversion. However, uncertainties in satellite isoprene observations limit the benefits of the joint inversion in regions with low concentrations, such as South Korea, due to the detection limits of CrIS isoprene retrievals. Despite this limitation, our joint inversion framework efficiently leverages information from multiple data sets to provide a more comprehensive understanding of VOC emissions, enabling future work to incorporate satellite measurements of additional species such as nitrogen oxides and potentially glyoxal.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD042070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impacts of Aircraft Emissions on Air Quality in a Megacity Using High-Resolution Flight Tracking Data","authors":"Chuxiong Lin,&nbsp;Yuxiao Han,&nbsp;Chang Cao,&nbsp;Yichen Wang,&nbsp;Ruixin Zhang,&nbsp;Xin He,&nbsp;Guanting Li,&nbsp;Zhanwei Zhang,&nbsp;Zien Liang,&nbsp;Zhihua Zhou,&nbsp;Tianfa Gu,&nbsp;Long Yun,&nbsp;Panpan Guo,&nbsp;Bo Huang,&nbsp;Mei Li,&nbsp;Lei Zhu,&nbsp;Huizhong Shen","doi":"10.1029/2024JD042921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042921","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Air transportation plays a vital role in promoting economic development and regional connectivity yet the adverse impact of aircraft emissions on urban air quality has been greatly overlooked. Here, focusing on Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, the third largest airport in China in terms of passenger capacity, we utilized automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast data to establish high-resolution emission inventories for aircraft landing-takeoff cycles and climb, cruise, and descent (CCD) cycles and employed four-level nested regional air quality modeling setup to assess the aircraft emission impacts on air quality in the surrounding area at a 1-km horizontal resolution. Among conventional pollutants, the most substantial impacts were observed for NO₂ and O₃ concentrations where aircraft emissions contributed 1.6–4.2 μg·m⁻³ to surface-level NO₂ concentrations and −1.1–−3.7 μg·m⁻³ to O₃ within 10-km with maximum contributions reaching 45 μg·m⁻³ for NO₂ and −37 μg·m⁻³ for O₃. Airport emissions exacerbate NO_X saturation leading to a decrease in surrounding O₃ concentrations. These results underscore the critical need for strategies to mitigate negative impacts of large point sources on air quality within urban settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphological evidence for superimposed deformation in the southern Sichuan Basin, SW China: Implications for seismic hazards","authors":"Gang Rao,&nbsp;Yaqi Zhong,&nbsp;Xiaohan Yin","doi":"10.1002/esp.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The 2019 <i>M</i>_w 5.8 Changning and 2021 <i>M</i>_w 5.4 Luxian earthquakes have highlighted the southern Sichuan Basin as an emerging focal area for seismic hazard research, following the significant 2008 <i>M</i>_w 7.9 Wenchuan and 2013 <i>M</i>_w 6.6 Lushan earthquakes along the Longmen Shan thrust belt. However, traditional field surveys that rely heavily on active tectonic landforms encounter considerable challenges due to the extensive exposure of pre-Cenozoic strata. In this study, we evaluate the tectonic activity of two NW-tending faults through DEM-based morphotectonic analyses. Our findings indicate that the landscape topography along the Baishuxi Fault, a principal basin-boundary fault, exhibits significant variations in geomorphic indices and topographic metrics, which may reflect a complex subsurface structural style. The presence of numerous knickpoints at various elevation levels suggests ongoing landscape adjustments in response to tectonic forces. Additionally, several knickpoints observed on river long-profiles across the Maoqiao Fault further northeast indicate basinward propagation of tectonic deformation, suggesting superimposed deformation within the southern Sichuan Basin. We recommend that future studies conduct a thorough evaluation of the seismic hazards associated with the NW-trending Baishuxi and Maoqiao faults, as well as their intersection with the NE-trending Huayinshan fault.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}