地球科学最新文献

{"title":"Nonlinear Interactions of Planetary-Scale Waves in Mesospheric Winds Observed at 52°N Latitude and Two Longitudes","authors":"Maosheng He, Jeffrey M. Forbes, Gunter Stober, Christoph Jacobi, Guozhu Li, Libo Liu, Jiyao Xu","doi":"10.1029/2024gl110629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl110629","url":null,"abstract":"Nine-years of mesospheric wind measurements, from two meteor radars at 52°N latitude, were analyzed to study planetary waves (PWs) and tides through estimating their zonal wavenumbers. The analysis reveals that multi-day oscillations are predominantly driven by PW normal modes (NMs), which exhibit distinct seasonal variations and statistical association with Sudden Stratospheric Warming events. Specifically, a prominent 6-day NM emerges in April, followed by dominant 4- and 2-day NMs persisting until June, with subsequent peaks of 2-, 4-, and 6-day NMs extending from July to October. Furthermore, this study presents the first observational verification of the frequencies and zonal wavenumbers of over 10 secondary waves, arising from nonlinear interactions among planetary-scale waves. A notable finding is the prevalence of non-migrating components in the winter 24-hr and summer 8-hr tides, phenomena attributed to the nonlinear interactions. Our findings highlight the complexity of atmospheric nonlinear dynamics in generating diverse planetary-scale periodic oscillations.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coccoliths as Recorders of Paleoceanography and Paleoclimate over the Past 66 Million Years","authors":"Clara T. Bolton, Heather M. Stoll","doi":"10.1146/annurev-earth-040623-103211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-040623-103211","url":null,"abstract":"Coccolithophores are a major group of oceanic calcifying phytoplankton, and their calcite skeletal remains, termed calcareous nannofossils, are a major component of deep-sea sediments accumulating since the Jurassic. Coccolithophores play a role in both the biological pump and the carbonate pump, exporting organic and inorganic carbon, respectively, out of the surface ocean. This means that they are key responders to and recorders of ocean carbon cycle and climate changes over geological and shorter timescales, and studying these responses can help elucidate the uncertain fate of calcifying phytoplankton under projected climate change scenarios. Here, we review established and emerging approaches for reconstructing (<jats:italic>a</jats:italic>) mixed-layer ocean temperature, (<jats:italic>b</jats:italic>) marine productivity, and (<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>) aspects of the ocean carbon cycle, using calcareous nannofossils from deep-sea sediments. For each parameter, we discuss the different proxies that have been proposed, based on abundance or species composition, inorganic geochemistry, and/or coccolith morphology, and explore their applications and limitations in Cenozoic paleoceanography. <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item> <jats:label>▪</jats:label> Calcareous nannofossils can be used to reconstruct upper ocean conditions and changes over centennial to million-year timescales. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> <jats:label>▪</jats:label> Key coccolith-based proxies for temperature, productivity, and the carbon cycle are reviewed. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> <jats:label>▪</jats:label> Approaches based on assemblages, geochemistry, and morphology provide novel insights into the evolution and adaptation of coccolithophores and past climate. </jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":8034,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crowdsourced Data Reveal Shortcomings in Precipitation Phase Products for Rain and Snow Partitioning","authors":"Guo Yu, Keith S. Jennings, Benjamin J. Hatchett, Anne W. Nolin, Nayoung Hur, Meghan Collins, Anne Heggli, Sonia Tonino, Monica M. Arienzo","doi":"10.1029/2024gl112853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112853","url":null,"abstract":"Reanalysis products support our understanding of how the precipitation phase influences hydrology across scales. However, a lack of validation data hinders the evaluation of a reanalysis-estimated precipitation phase. In this study, we used a novel dataset from the Mountain Rain or Snow (MRoS) citizen science project to compare 39,680 MRoS observations from January 2020 to July 2023 across the conterminous United States (CONUS) to assess three precipitation phase products. These products included the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG), the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2), and the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS-2). The overall critical success indices for detecting rainfall (snowfall) for IMERG, MERRA-2, and NLDAS-2 were 0.51 (0.79), 0.49 (0.77), and 0.54 (0.53), respectively. These indices show that IMERG and MERRA-2 reasonably classify snowfall, whereas NLDAS-2 overestimates rainfall. All products performed poorly in detecting subfreezing rainfall and snowfall above 2°C. Therefore, crowdsourced data provides a unique validation source to improve the capabilities of reanalysis products.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Forecast Accuracy and Physics Sensitivity in High-Resolution Simulations of Precipitation Events in Summer 2022 by the Korean Integrated Model","authors":"Eun-Hee Lee,&nbsp;Sujeong Cho,&nbsp;Keon-Hee Cho,&nbsp;Ji-Young Han,&nbsp;Youngsu Lee,&nbsp;Junghan Kim","doi":"10.1007/s13143-024-00384-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-024-00384-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13143-024-00384-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating heat-related health risks related to local climate zones using SDGSAT-1 high-resolution thermal infrared imagery in an arid megacity","authors":"Muhammad Fahad Baqa, Linlin Lu, Huadong Guo, Xiaoning Song, Seyed Kazem Alavipanah, Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda, Qingting Li, Fang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2024.104334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.104334","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the compounding impacts of urbanization and climate change-induced warming, urban inhabitants face increasing risks of thermal health issues. The use of high-resolution maps that categorize intra-urban thermal environment and Local Climate Zones (LCZ) could enhance the understanding of the correlation between heat-related health risks and microclimates. In this study, a fine-scale heat risk assessment framework was applied in an arid megacity, Karachi, Pakistan. Following Crichton’s Risk Triangle framework, heat health risks were mapped by considering hazard-exposure-vulnerability components at the census ward level. The heat hazard was mapped using SDGSAT-1 thermal infrared data at a 30 m spatial resolution during summer season. Factors contributing most to heat vulnerability were identified as the availability of electricity facilities, bathroom facilities, and housing density, with contribution rates of 47.51 %, 21.86 %, and 8.07 %, respectively. Heat risks were considerably higher for built types (0.16) compared to natural LCZ types (0.07), with 65 % of LCZ 2, 3, 6, and 7 (compact mid-rise, compact low-rise, open low-rise, and lightweight low-rise areas) identified as high-risk areas. To mitigate heat risks, green space should be planned in LCZ2 and LCZ3 characterized by dense population and compact buildings arrangement, and public cooling facilities and infrastructure should be improved in LCZ7 featured with squatter and slum settlements. Urban planners may consider restricting the growth of these areas in newly-developed regions, including encroachments and unplanned settlements, to prevent further exacerbation of heat stress. This study offers a valuable guide for assessing and alleviating heat risks at the community level, thereby promoting the development of heat resilient urban areas.","PeriodicalId":50341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind changes enhance ENSO","authors":"Bronwyn Wake","doi":"10.1038/s41558-024-02228-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02228-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is projected to alter natural climate phenomena, for example with the phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) reported to intensify. The changes in ocean temperature and overlying atmospheric circulation that control the background Pacific state are thought to dictate the ENSO frequency and intensity; however, this is not fully explanatory of ENSO changes seen in model projections.</p><p>Work from Jacob Stuivenvolt-Allen of Yale University, Alexey Fedorov and colleagues, considers the role of tropical winds in the future amplification of ENSO with climate change. Using CMIP6 models with a high-emissions scenario and developing a hybrid statistical–dynamical model, they find that wind-stress anomalies — changes in magnitude, zonal structure and meridional width — can explain more than 50% of projected changes in ENSO intensity. Of these changes, the meridional broadening was found to be the most important, and this is supported by a theoretical model. These results suggest that changes in the amplitude of ENSO are, to a large degree, a result of wind-stress anomalies, along with background state changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Distribution of Ionospheric Topside Diffusive Flux and Midlatitude Electron Density Enhancement in Winter Nighttime","authors":"Quan-Han Li, Yong-Qiang Hao, Wenbin Wang, Shun-Rong Zhang, Liying Qian, Ercha Aa, Dong-He Zhang, Zuo Xiao, Maosheng He","doi":"10.1029/2024gl111091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl111091","url":null,"abstract":"Ionospheric topside &lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/82d7e7ff-77d5-48b9-bc85-2fe069831c71/grl68702-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"128\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68702-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;mjx-mrow&gt;&lt;mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper O Superscript plus\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mi&gt;&lt;mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.363em;\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"addition\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" size=\"s\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mo&gt;&lt;/mjx-script&gt;&lt;/mjx-msup&gt;&lt;/mjx-mrow&gt;&lt;/mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;/mjx-math&gt;&lt;mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"&gt;&lt;math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl68702:grl68702-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/grl68702-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper O Superscript plus\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"addition\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\"&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;${O}^{+}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/mjx-assistive-mml&gt;&lt;/mjx-container&gt; diffusive flux is derived using Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation data, to investigate its global distribution and also its role in winter nighttime enhancement (WNE) of electron density. The flux of the winter hemisphere maintains downward throughout the night. It is much larger between &lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/4412de90-4d5e-42b7-8a2a-0a4dc284bac8/grl68702-math-0002.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"129\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68702-math-0002.png\"&gt;&lt;mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic-content=\"1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"endpunct\" data-semantic-speech=\"30 degree\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuated\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mn&gt;&lt;mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing mantle–crust boundary magmatism through Cimmerian orogenic events: evidence from deep crustal cumulates in northeastern Pamir","authors":"Masumeh Sargazi,&nbsp;Chuan-Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Jing,&nbsp;Zahid Hussain,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Song,&nbsp;Hong-Ran Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Qiang Liu,&nbsp;Xian-Tao Ye","doi":"10.1007/s00410-024-02192-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00410-024-02192-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep crustal cumulates directly represent the geochemical composition of the lower crust and can provide insights into magmatism at the mantle–crust boundary. However, the scarcity of exposed deep crustal cumulates, which is due to their high density causing such rocks to sink into the mantle, limits our access to deep crustal samples. This study investigated hydrous late Mesozoic mafic–ultramafic cumulate rocks from northeastern Pamir. These rocks are the first of their kind identified in this region and exhibit features typical of deep sub-arc hydrous cumulates worldwide. Petrography, zircon U–Pb ages and zircon Lu–Hf isotopes, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes, and mineral major and trace element chemistry were used to constrain the magmatic evolution from source to surface and the crystallization conditions of the primary magma at depth. In situ zircon U–Pb dating yielded a concordant age of 199 ± 1.3 Ma. The mafic cumulates are hornblende gabbros, which had a crystallization sequence of amphibole/magnetite → plagioclase → biotite → apatite. Hornblende geobarometry yielded an equilibrium pressure of 0.65–0.80 ± 0.14 GPa, corresponding to depths of 20–26 km. The ultramafic cumulates, are lherzolites and olivine clinopyroxenites that have a crystallization sequence of olivine/spinel → clinopyroxene → ± orthopyroxene. The estimated pressure, based on published experimental constrains, suggests high-pressure crystallization occurred at ~ 1 GPa. The elevated magmatic oxygen fugacity (ƒO₂) is consistent with values expected for sub-arc conditions, where FMQ is 1–4 log units more oxidized than mid-ocean ridge basalts. The trace element composition of melts calculated to be in equilibrium with clinopyroxene is comparable to the global average composition of continental calc-alkaline basalts. Based on the petrography, mineral chemistry, and uniform whole-rock Sr–Nd isotopic data, the mafic–ultramafic cumulate rocks are inferred to have formed by fractional crystallization of a common hydrous (~ 2 wt% H₂O) parental melt derived from a depleted mantle source (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr = 0.7046–0.7132 ε_Nd(t) = 1.5–3.3, ε_Hf(t) = 1.1–11). These results support the notion that the polybaric differentiation in the lower crust can significantly influence the diversity of geochemical composition in the upper crust and highlight that the final closure of the Paleo-Tethys in the northeastern Pamir may not have occurred before the early Jurassic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":526,"journal":{"name":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marida in the middle ages: assessing population affinities through the analysis of dental morphology","authors":"Nestor Hernandez Canales,&nbsp;Francisco Curate,&nbsp;Tomás Cordero Ruiz,&nbsp;Ana Maria Silva","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02146-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02146-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Iberian Peninsula, rich in archaeological and anthropological records, has experienced significant population migrations throughout history, including Celts, Romans, and Muslims. The city of Mérida, an important city during the Islamic period, experienced important transformations, especially after the fall of the Umayyad caliphate. In 2009, an archaeological excavation uncovered a large Islamic cemetery (maqbara), dating from the 8th to 12th centuries. From this maqbara was selected 70 individuals from the site “Former Military Artillery Barracks Hernán Cortés”, and 14 from the site “14 Jose de Larra Street”. Dental nonmetric traits are reliable indicators of gene flow and genetic affinity among populations. To evaluate the biological affinities of these 84 individuals we recorded 22 dental traits using the ASUDAS system and compared with them to ten reference samples. The biodistances were tested with the Mean Measure of Divergence statistic. Biodistance analysis results showed close biological proximity between the Merida sample and South European references samples, with intra-regional heterogeneity among Iberian Peninsula populations. The strategic location of the Iberian Peninsula between North Africa and Southern Europe facilitated genetic and cultural interactions, shaping its genetic landscape. This study emphasizes the complex relationship between historical, demographic, and cultural factors influencing the genetic variability of the Merida sample.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Interdecadal Changes in the Teleconnection Pattern of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation With Concurrent ENSO","authors":"Lei Fan, Qi Yang, Hui-Huang Fu","doi":"10.1029/2024gl111723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl111723","url":null,"abstract":"Interdecadal changes in the relationship between East Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation (EASMP) and the concurrent El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) vary across subregions, making it challenging to holistically understand these variations and the underlying mechanisms. To address this issue, we apply the moving correlation Empirical Orthogonal Function (MC-EOF) between EASMP and ENSO, identifying a meridional tri-pole pattern in the interdecadal variation of their relationship. The primary driver of this pattern is the summer Tropical North Atlantic (TNA) sea surface temperature, which has shifted from being uncorrelated to exhibiting a strong negative correlation with concurrent ENSO since the late 1980s. Consequently, the TNA's influence on EASMP combines with ENSO's effects, altering the EASMP pattern during ENSO events. This conclusion is supported by two observations: (a) the moving correlation series between TNA and ENSO aligns with the time series of MC-EOF-1, and (b) the MC-EOF-1 pattern spatially matches the TNA's impact on EASMP.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}