Earth and Planetary Science Letters最新文献

{"title":"Disentangling topographic and climatic controls on glacier length: A case study in the tropical Colombian Andes","authors":"Joel A. Wilner ,&nbsp;Alice M. Doughty ,&nbsp;Meredith A. Kelly ,&nbsp;Mathieu Morlighem","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconstructing past climate from moraine records is complicated by the influence of non-climatic factors, particularly topography, on glacier extent. Such topographic controls have been widely identified in the literature, but a systematic quantitative assessment of their effects on glacier extent is lacking. Here, we investigate the relative influence of topographic and climatic factors on tropical glacier length variability in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Colombia using a coupled ice-flow–energy-balance glacier model. Employing a parameter sweep over 450 topographic scenarios and 40 climatic scenarios for a total of 18,000 unique topo-climatic scenarios, we identify a critical transition in glacier length around 5<!--> <!-->°C to 6<!--> <!-->°C below modern temperature where variability in inter-valley glacier length shifts from headwall elevation-controlled to valley slope-controlled. We show through a relative weights analysis that, for this particular topo-climatic parameter space, climate accounts for 84% of the modeled variability in glacier length, while topography contributes 16%. Among climatic variables, temperature plays a more dominant role than precipitation, and headwall elevation influences glacier length most of any topographic variable. After accounting for all possible combinations of parameter subsets, we find that a sizable portion of topo-climatic scenarios (22%) yields glacier lengths dominated by topographic factors rather than climatic factors. These findings highlight the complex interplay between climate and topography, demonstrating that topography, though typically secondary to climate, has a notable impact on glacier length in this particular glacier regime. As such, this study provides a framework for quantifying the relative contributions of climate and topography to glacier evolution, critical for interpreting past glacier extents and predicting future changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping gully-susceptible hillslopes on Mars: implications for their mode of formation and evolution","authors":"A. Noblet ,&nbsp;G.R. Osinski ,&nbsp;S.J. Conway","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Martian gullies display spatial patterns according to latitude, topography, and substrate properties that have been used to provide constraints on formation hypotheses. In this study we generate a map of gully-susceptible terrains across the mid-latitudes of Mars by defining the slope, aspect, and thermal inertia conditions that most gullied hillslopes possess. We mapped all terrains in the midlatitudes that possess these distributive conditions. Our map describes the general distribution of gullies well, and we found 331 previously unidentified gullied hillslopes on gully-susceptible terrains. However, the favorable distributive conditions for gullies cover an area 3 times greater than that of gullied hillslopes, and 79.1 % of these terrains do not display gullies. Correlation between gully-lacking terrains and regions with a high concentration of viscous flow features suggest that gully formation is hindered by topographically forced climates in these regions that either inhibit production of liquid water runoff via melting or the condensation of CO₂ on the surface. We found that gully-lacking regions are not constrained to specifically high or low dust index regions and we suggest that gully and dust distribution are co-incidental effects of atmospheric circulation patterns. Lastly, we observed depressions on gully-lacking hillslopes consistent in morphology with buried gully alcoves, and we propose that these features correspond to ancient gully alcoves that have been buried by glacial deposits, which implies that these potential gullies were formed &gt;5–10 Myr ago.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tectonic controls on nitrogen cycling and ocean ventilation dynamics in the Late Cretaceous equatorial Atlantic","authors":"Yong Du ,&nbsp;Huyue Song ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Algeo ,&nbsp;Lei Zhong ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Haijun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Late Cretaceous opening of the Equatorial Atlantic Gateway (EAG) fundamentally reshaped oceanic circulation and biogeochemical cycles. Extensive studies have focused on nitrogen dynamics during the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE-2), showing globally reduced nitrogen isotope (δ¹⁵N) values (&lt;0 ‰) under ammonium-dominated conditions. However, the post-OAE-2 evolution of nitrogen cycling during the progressive deepening and widening of the EAG remains enigmatic. Here, we investigate changes in nutrient cycling and paleoceanographic conditions in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean during the Late Cretaceous to early Danian (∼102–65 Ma) based on newly generated bulk-sediment δ¹⁵N from ODP Site 1258 (western equatorial Atlantic), integrated with existing data from other Demerara Rise sites. Our dataset reveals a two-phase nitrogen-cycle transition directly tied to EAG's tectonic development. The first phase, recorded in organic-rich sediments of Cenomanian-Santonian age (Unit IV), exhibit low δ¹⁵N values (ca. −2 ‰), reflecting an ammonium-dominated nitrogen cycle in a restricted oceanic environment. The exceptionally high total organic carbon (TOC) content (5–15 %) and C_org/N ratios (&gt;30) indicate intense ammonium recycling within a nutrient trap, which led to high productivity and efficient organic matter preservation under euxinic conditions. The second phase is recorded by a stepwise increase of δ¹⁵N from +4 ‰ to +9 ‰ during the Campanian–Maastrichtian stages, marking the shift to a nitrate-dominated nitrogen cycle driven by enhanced deep-water ventilation and partial denitrification in expanding oxygen-minimum zones. This shift correlates with declining TOC (0.08–0.25 %) and C_org/N ratios (&lt;5), indicating weakened nutrient retention and strengthened regional vertical mixing following opening of the EAG. The observed nitrogen-cycle reorganization correlates with a critical tectonic threshold (Δ_lat &gt; 6.1 ± 0.1° and Δ_long &gt; 13.9 ± 1.5°, i.e., the cumulative latitudinal and longitudinal rift extension in the equatorial Atlantic) derived from plate reconstructions, beyond which sustained deep-water circulation initiated deep-ocean ventilation. Our findings establish the EAG’s tectonic pacing as the key driver of a fundamental transition to a nitrate-dominated nitrogen cycle in the nascent Atlantic Ocean, resolving the long-standing enigma of post-OAE-2 nitrogen-cycle evolution and mechanistically linking Late Cretaceous deep-ocean oxygenation to the emergence of modern OMZ-driven nitrogen cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining 200 million years of geodynamic evolution of the North Alpine foreland at million-year resolution using clumped isotopes and U-Pb dating of diagenetic carbonates","authors":"Nathan Looser ,&nbsp;Lukas Aschwanden ,&nbsp;Stephan Wohlwend ,&nbsp;Marcel Guillong ,&nbsp;Jörg Rickli ,&nbsp;Raphael Schneeberger ,&nbsp;Stefano M. Bernasconi","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A promising approach for the reconstruction of the geodynamic and thermal evolution of sedimentary basins is to exploit the information on temperature, pore fluid composition, and time recorded by diagenetic carbonates formed at different stages in the geological history of a basin. However, it has not yet been shown if diagenetic carbonates can provide near-continuous or even continuous records across 100 Ma timescales. Here, we constrain the geodynamic evolution of the North Alpine Foreland of Switzerland over the last 200 million years at unprecedented resolution using coupled clumped isotope thermometry and U-Pb dating of diagenetic carbonates (Δ₄₇/(U-Pb) thermochronometry). This is made possible by recent analytical progress enabling precise analysis of small carbonate cements and deep drill cores covering the entire sedimentary record over the last ∼250 Ma. For a first interval of basin subsidence in the Mesozoic, we constrain the temperature and fluid evolution during early diagenesis and burial in the Early and Middle Jurassic and report a thermal anomaly between the Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous with high basal heat flow which we relate to hydrothermal fluid circulation along deep-rooted basement fault systems. Our findings suggest that such basement fault systems, even if not hydrologically connected to the overlaying strata, may explain anomalously high burial temperatures in sedimentary basins. For exhumation and a second interval of basin subsidence in the Cenozoic, we constrain the time of occurrence and amount of major erosion related to the early-stage Alpine orogeny during Paleogene and document the evolution of burial temperature and pore fluids at the distal margin of the Molasse Basin between the Late Oligocene and Late Miocene. Finally, we show that the formation of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt between Middle and Late Miocene resulted in a complex arrangement with overlapping regional and site-specific effects controlling burial temperature and fluid circulation and provide new constraints on the timing and the amount of erosion of the Molasse Basin at its distal margin during the Pliocene. The presented Δ₄₇/(U-Pb) dataset represents a new benchmark in temporal and stratigraphic resolution and demonstrates the potential of diagenetic carbonates to provide near-continuous records of the geodynamic evolution of sedimentary basins across 100 Ma timescales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119410"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mafic magmatism triggered the Mesoproterozoic oxygenation event: Re-Os-PGE evidence from the Xiamaling Formation in North China and Velkerri Formation in North Australia","authors":"Xuli Yang ,&nbsp;Zhuyin Chu ,&nbsp;Shuanhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongjie Tang ,&nbsp;Peng Peng ,&nbsp;Taiping Zhao ,&nbsp;Ji-Feng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is widely recognized that oxygen levels may have transiently elevated around 1.4 Ga on Earth's surface. However, the specific drivers of this oxidation event remain unclear. This study presents new data on Re-Os and Sm-Nd isotopes, PGE concentrations, and major and trace elementsfor the Xiamaling Formation in the Yanliao Basin (North China Craton) and the formerly adjacent Velkerri Formation in the MacArthur Basin (North Australian Craton). The Re-Os isochron ages are 1388 ± 20 Ma and 1386 ± 7 Ma for Xiamaling and 1396 ± 41 Ma and 1384 ± 12 Ma for Velkerri, indicating nearly synchronous deposition. The initial ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios (0.14 ± 0.09 and 0.24 ± 0.02 for Xiamaling; 0.17 ± 0.28 and 0.21 ± 0.08 for Velkerri), which may reflect the seawater values at the time of deposition, are only slightly higher than mantle value (∼0.127). These low ratios are likely attributable to large-scale mafic magmatism. Positive ε_Nd(t) values further support global mafic magmatism during this period. Model calculations estimate ∼9 × 10⁶ t of mantle-derived Os to lower seawater ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os from ∼0.5 to ∼0.2 over approximately 12 million years, requiring ∼3–9.7 × 10⁷ km³ of magmatism. Increased phosphorus and TOC content suggest that mafic rock weathering boosted oceanic phosphorus, promoting primary productivity and organic carbon burial, thereby driving the oxygenation event. Our findings demonstrate how Re-Os isotopes and PGE can provide crucial insights into the connection between deep magmatic processes and surface environmental changes, such as shifts in atmospheric oxygen levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing the geocentric-axial-dipole (GAD) model for Proterozoic time with paleomagnetic directions from dike swarms","authors":"Zheng Gong ,&nbsp;David A.D. Evans ,&nbsp;Roger R. Fu ,&nbsp;Sheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structure of the Proterozoic geomagnetic field is debated, hampering our understanding of ancient plate paleogeography and core evolution. We reassess the geocentric-axial-dipole (GAD) model for Proterozoic time using improved statistical methodologies and an expanded dataset of paleomagnetic directions from mafic dike swarms covering larger areas than previously considered. In addition to commonly used Fisher statistics, we employ Bingham and Kent statistics to evaluate both the tightness and elongation of virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) distributions. Our results indicate that the Proterozoic field was predominantly a GAD, with a potential axial octupole (<em>G₃</em>) component of ∼10–15% in certain time intervals. Our findings do not support the previous assertions of significantly larger (25–29%) non-dipolar contributions in the Proterozoic. The identified Proterozoic non-dipolar component could result in apparent paleolatitude shifts of ∼10° shallowing, insufficient to explain low-latitude glaciations but potentially accounting for some offset paleomagnetic latitudes of Proterozoic paleoclimate records. Our study also shows that expanding the spatial distribution of VGPs using paleomagnetically independent paleogeographic reconstructions can improve the test’s sensitivity and provide tighter constraints on the structure of the geomagnetic field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metallogeny of subduction initiation revealed by chalcophile element behaviour in the Samail ophiolite","authors":"Thomas M. Belgrano ,&nbsp;James A. Milton ,&nbsp;Larryn W. Diamond ,&nbsp;Robin C. Wolf ,&nbsp;Yuki Kusano ,&nbsp;Damon A.H. Teagle","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intra-oceanic subduction initiation marks the transition between the mature divergent and convergent stages of the Wilson cycle, each with its relatively well understood metallogeny. The metallogenic systematics of this transition are less clear, however, with uncertainties regarding precious metal enrichment in volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and the potential for magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization in nascent arcs. The Samail ophiolite is increasingly accepted to represent a ‘proto-arc’ formed during subduction initiation. Due to its volcanic glass record of magmatism and resource estimates for its VMS deposits, this ophiolite is well suited for elucidating this metallogeny. New analyses of these volcanic glasses reveal a systematic enrichment in melt chalcophile elements over the course of ophiolite magmatism, with enrichment of Au &gt; Cu ≈ Ag &gt; Zn correlated with sulfide-melt affinity. This enrichment can be explained by sequential remelting of the proto-arc mantle, with initial melting concentrating Au into residual sulfide and later remelting extracting this Au into sulfide-undersaturated melts. Subsequent melt fractionation further increased Au/Cu ratios relative to sulfide-saturated early melts. Despite clear slab contamination, transfer of subducted S into the mantle was minimal. These observations demonstrate that tectono-magmatic evolution drives the coupled Au-enrichment of proto-arc lavas and the VMS deposits they host, with footwall lava composition controlling the metal endowment of these deposits. Despite H₂O-saturation of late boninitic melts, their low S contents and weak Cl fluid/melt partitioning inhibited magmatic-hydrothermal metal extraction, limiting potential for high-sulfidation mineralization. Subduction maturation is necessary to trigger such mineralization, as seen in Pacific intra-oceanic arc systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of melt-mush reaction on the lower oceanic crust and MORB chemistry: constraints from 53° E Southwest Indian Ridge","authors":"Xiaohan Huang ,&nbsp;Alexandra Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Taiping Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), as Earth’s most abundant magma type, has long served as a cornerstone for studying mantle compositions. However, recent studies suggest that melt migration through a crystal mush can strongly fractionate incompatible element ratios in cumulates, which would subsequently contribute to MORB, challenging traditional approaches to interpreting mantle characteristics. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the geochemical compositions of primitive to evolved intrusive rocks and MORB from the 53° E segment of the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge, a region with poor magma supply. Our results reveal that the olivine-rich troctolites experienced two stages of melt-mush reaction: an initial stage recorded in interstitial clinopyroxene (high Mg# and 4- to 5-fold variations in Zr/REE), and a second stage documented in olivine (uniquely high Ni at low Fo), linked to a gabbro vein with felsic-like trace element signatures (high Yb, low Ti/Ti* and Sr/Sr*). This study confirms that melt-mush reactions strongly influence mineral chemistry of intrusive rocks in low-magma-supply ridges, particularly by enhancing Zr enrichment relative to REE. However, minimal Zr/REE variation in both local and global MORB indicates that highly fractionated reactive melt has limited impact on MORB trace element ratios. Instead, large variations in more-to-less incompatible element ratios (e.g., La/Sm) of MORB, particularly at high-Mg# values, underscore a mantle control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"667 ","pages":"Article 119483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing lower-crustal fault properties with frequency-dependent tidal tremor triggering","authors":"Lian Xue ,&nbsp;Roland Bürgmann ,&nbsp;Zeyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Nicholas M. Beeler ,&nbsp;Elías R. Heimisson ,&nbsp;David R. Shelly","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The way seismicity responds to periodic stress perturbations offers crucial insights into the processes that can trigger an earthquake. Laboratory and theoretical analyses have shown that the period of imposed forcing and source properties affect the sensitivity to triggering, but frequency-dependent triggering of tectonic faults is poorly understood. The rate of low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) near Parkfield, California has been found to be strongly correlated with solid earth tides. Tidal forcing acts over multiple frequencies, and the sensitivity to tidal triggering of LFEs therefore provides a unique opportunity to probe the physics of earthquake triggering and underlying fault properties. Here, we find that the response of LFEs to solid earth tides at diurnal and semi-diurnal frequencies is highly variable but spatially coherent along the San Andreas Fault. Using rate-state friction modeling, we find that the variation of the amplitude of tidal modulation is mainly affected by the spatial variation of the background effective stress, whereas the spatially varied tidal modulation at diurnal and semi-diurnal frequencies is mainly affected by the fault frictional property and LFE nucleation time. The spatial variations of the LFE response reveal a heterogeneous lower-crustal geologic structure and complex physical faulting processes below the rupture zone of eventual great earthquakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"666 ","pages":"Article 119480"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency-dependent seismic radiation process of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake from teleseismic P-wave back-projection","authors":"Kotaro Tarumi ,&nbsp;Kazunori Yoshizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large devastating earthquake of Mw 7.5 struck the Noto Peninsula, Japan, on January 1st, 2024. Persistent seismic swarms have preceded the main rupture around the hypocenter since 2020, likely driven by crustal fluids migrating upward from the lower crust. In this study, we investigated the frequency-dependent seismic radiation process using multi-frequency teleseismic P-wave back projection. The resulting source process reveals complex frequency-dependent behavior, which can be divided into four episodes. The initial episode lasts 15–20 s, characterized by high-frequency energy preceding low-frequency radiation. The second episode is marked by intense high-frequency P-wave emission with the absence of low-frequency signals. Then, intensive low-frequency P-waves are radiated from the source region, with ruptures propagating bilaterally from the hypocentral area toward the southwestern inland (third episode) and northeastern offshore (fourth episode) regions. The fluid-rich condition near the hypocenter likely plays an important role in controlling fault rupture, contributing to the observed complex rupture processes. The intricate fault geometry around the source region may have also contributed to the characteristic frequency-dependence of P-wave radiation during this earthquake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"666 ","pages":"Article 119509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}