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{"title":"Second-order electrogyration effect in BSO crystal","authors":"María Alejandra Guerrero-V,&nbsp;Jorge-Enrique Rueda-P","doi":"10.1007/s00340-024-08327-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-024-08327-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a non-holographic optical setup, we employed a Mueller–Stokes polarimeter to measure both the linear electro-optic and second-order electrogyration effects. The second-order electrogyration effect was observed in a <span>(Bi_{12}SiO_{20})</span> (BSO) crystal with a (110) cut. This response was found for the electric field applied both parallel and perpendicular to the [001] direction, where the values for the second-order electrogyration are <span>(4.86times 10^{7} , text {pm}^{2}/text {V}^{2})</span> and <span>(1.87times 10^{7} , text {pm}^{2}/text {V}^{2})</span>, respectively. Additionally, the linear electro-optic coefficient <span>(gamma _{41})</span> was measured to be <span>(1.17 , text {pm/V})</span> for <span>(660.5 , text {nm})</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-024-08327-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HCNT/AgNPs/PVA/PAM hydrogel-based flexible pressure sensor for physiological monitoring","authors":"Junru Wang,&nbsp;Guoxiang Xia,&nbsp;Longquan Xia,&nbsp;Yunfeng Chen,&nbsp;Qinyuan Li,&nbsp;Hong Zeng,&nbsp;Weiguo Yang,&nbsp;Yongjie Du,&nbsp;Wei He,&nbsp;Yuanming Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10854-024-13689-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-024-13689-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible wearable devices for health monitoring require continuous wear throughout the day, making flexible pressure sensors a critical component that has attracted significant attention. Polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as hydrogel substrate materials to fabricate wearable devices with on-the-go wearability. Helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) were employed as conductive fillers, with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) deposited on their surface to enhance conductivity. The conductive HCNT/AgNPs fillers bonded with the PVA/PAM substrate via metal–hydrogen bonds, metal complexes, and Ag–O bonds. This bonding enhanced the binding strength of the gel and accelerated polymerization. Pressure sensors packaged within the hydrogel exhibited high sensitivity of 0.118 kPa^–1 to minor deformations and high sensitivity of 0.0141 kPa^–1 to regular deformations, providing a flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity and fast response. This innovation delivers a highly sensitive and fast-responding flexible pressure sensor, paving the way for advanced flexible wearable electronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, morphological, dielectric, and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 ceramics at different sintering temperatures","authors":"Priyanka Thakur,&nbsp;Kamal Kishore,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar,&nbsp;Dinesh Pathak,&nbsp;Kais Iben Nassar,&nbsp;Madan Lal","doi":"10.1007/s10854-024-13630-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-024-13630-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) ceramics were effectively synthesized using the co-precipitation method, followed by an investigation into the impact of sintering temperature on various properties including structure, morphology, magnetism, and dielectric behavior. These obtained ceramics exhibited a spinel ferrite structure with cubic symmetry. The average grain size increased from 0.26 to 0.83 μm, as the sintering temperature raised from 400 to 1000 °C. Dielectric measurements demonstrated significant temperature-dependent behavior across all frequencies, suggesting a pronounced influence on polarization within the ferrites, likely caused by localized electron displacement due to electronic exchange between Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions along the direction of the applied electric field. Analysis of impedance and modulus confirmed a negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) response. Additionally, the increase in ac conductivity with temperature was found to enhance charge hopping, resulting in decreased activation energy (E_a) for specimen mobility responsible for conduction. Magnetic properties exhibited enhancement with increasing sintering temperature, with maximum magnetization, coercivity, and remanent magnetization values increasing accordingly. However, non-saturation at high fields suggested surface effects in the CoFe₂O₄ ceramics. Notably, the CFO ceramic sintered at 1000 °C displayed a maximum magnetization value of approximately 74.54 emu/g at room temperature, while the highest coercivity value among all samples was 1368.33 Oe for the sample sintered at 900 °C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroprotective Efficacy of Prebiotic-based Oral Formulation of Amoxicillin","authors":"Shashi Supriya,&nbsp;Vineet Kumar Rai,&nbsp;Deepak Pradhan,&nbsp;Jitu Halder,&nbsp;Tushar Kanti Rajwar,&nbsp;Ritu Mahanty,&nbsp;Ivy Saha,&nbsp;Priyanka Dash,&nbsp;Chandan Dash,&nbsp;Saroj Kumar Rout,&nbsp;Jameel Al-Tamimi,&nbsp;Hossan Ebaid,&nbsp;Salim Manoharadas,&nbsp;Biswakanth Kar,&nbsp;Goutam Ghosh,&nbsp;Goutam Rath","doi":"10.1007/s12247-024-09875-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12247-024-09875-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Amoxicillin's side effects are due to its propensity to disturb gut flora. Prebiotics can aid in reversing the dysbiosis caused by antibiotics by promoting the growth of various indigenous gut flora. The present investigation aims to determine the prebiotic potential of common binders (starch, gelatin, pectin, and guar gum) against <i>L. acidophilus</i>. The further objective is to explore the potential biological advantages of amoxicillin therapy when prepared with potential prebiotic excipients.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In the current investigation, prebiotic-based amoxicillin granules were prepared by wet granulation method with 81.5 ± 3.26% yield. To ensure their therapeutic outcomes, prepared granules were evaluated based on drug release profile, drug degradation, prebiotic potential, in vitro antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-diarrhoeal potential.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After 24, 36, 48 and 60 h of incubation of <i>L. acidophilus</i> in different base materials, it was found that the growth of <i>L. acidophilus</i> was more in pectin, among other binders. Formulated granules showed better intestinal stability and sustained release profile (~ 60% release in 4 h). FTIR, DSC and XRD analyses revealed minimal interaction between the drug and the selected excipients. Granules were found to have superior <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> inhibition potential compared with the pure drug and starch formulations. Also, the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the Pectin granules compared to starch granules and the pure drug. IL-6, IL1β, and TNF-α levels of the pectin-treated group show better anti-inflammatory properties than starch formulations and pure drugs. The anti-diarrhoeal effect of pectin was found to be better because it supports the growth of probiotics.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this study, pectin-based amoxicillin granules were superior in mitigating the gastric distress associated with oral amoxicillin administration. The metabolites of probiotics reduced gut pathogens, inflammation, and oxidation, suggesting that the formulated pectin-amoxicillin granules effectively provide gastroprotection.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air pollution tolerance and metal accumulation potential of some plant species growing in educational institutions of Amritsar, India","authors":"Megha Latwal,&nbsp;Neeru Bala,&nbsp;Sakshi Sharma,&nbsp;Inderpreet Kaur,&nbsp;Jatinder Kaur Katnoria,&nbsp;Avinash Kaur Nagpal","doi":"10.1007/s10661-024-13236-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-024-13236-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poor air quality in urban areas increases the exposure of individuals to air pollutants. Hence, it becomes mandatory to grow such plant species that have more potential to tolerate air pollution and can aid in its mitigation. Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) are two indices that help in scientific evaluation of plant species before recommending them for plantation. In this study, six plant species from three educational institutions of Amritsar city were screened for their tolerance and performance against air pollution as well as for their capability to act as accumulators of nine metals viz., aluminium (Al), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). On the basis of APTI, <i>Cassia fistula</i> (<i>C. fistula</i>) was categorized as a tolerant species while <i>Alstonia scholaris</i> (<i>A. scholaris</i>), <i>Cascabela thevetia</i> (<i>C. thevetia</i>), <i>Monoon longifolium</i> (<i>M. longifolium</i>), <i>Pongamia pinnata</i> (<i>P. pinnata</i>) and <i>Syzygium cumini</i> (<i>S. cumini</i>) were categorized as intermediately tolerant plant species. API results suggested that <i>A. scholaris</i>, <i>C. fistula</i>, <i>M. longifolium</i>, <i>P. pinnata</i> and <i>S. cumini</i> should be planted for air pollution mitigation. Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) results showed that soil samples were moderately contaminated with three (Pb, Cu and Zn) metals. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF), for all metals among six plant species, was found to be less than one implying that these plants were absorbers of metals. Metal Accumulation Index (MAI) indicated that <i>C. thevetia</i>, <i>C. fistula</i> and <i>P. pinnata</i> exhibited relatively higher potential for metal accumulation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in mothers’ milk of kafr el-zayat district, egypt: A case study for the health risk of infants in urban regions","authors":"Asmaa Bayoumi Issa,&nbsp;Helmy Aly Ibrahim Anber,&nbsp;Sobhy Abdel-Rahiem Hamed,&nbsp;Fayza Ahmed Seddik,&nbsp;Khaled Yassin Abdel-Halim","doi":"10.1007/s10661-024-13177-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-024-13177-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For babies, mother milk is the primary source of nutrition. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are released into the environment by the majority of metropolitan areas. The purpose of this study was to quantify the risks to milk consumers by determining the amounts of 14 PAH congeners in 60 milk samples that were taken from the rural Tanta area and the urban Kafr El-Zayat district of Egypt. Comparing the mean PAH content in Kafr El-Zayat samples to the reference zone’s equivalent value (0.685 µg/g fat), it showed 11.87 µg/g fat. There is no probability risk when the hazard quotient (HQ) for babies linked to milk consumption is smaller than unity. Regarding low, medium, and high exposure percentiles, the estimated daily dosage equivalent to benzo[a]pyrene (Bap) revealed the corresponding values for mutagenicity: 9.77E-03, 8.37E-03, and 5.58E-03, and carcinogenicity: 5.13E-03, 4.40E-03, and 2.94E-03. Predicted hazards greater than unity were imposed by such doses. Because this was a first examination for an ancient industrial zone in Egypt, the important information of this work explains the projected non-safety pattern of the breast milk ingested in the Kafr El-Zayat region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stand structure and Brazilian pine as key determinants of carbon stock in a subtropical Atlantic forest","authors":"Vinicius Costa Cysneiros,&nbsp;Allan Libanio Pelissari,&nbsp;Afonso Figueiredo Filho","doi":"10.1186/s13021-024-00284-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13021-024-00284-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding the drivers of variations in carbon stocks is essential for developing the effective management strategies that contribute to mitigating climate change. Although a positive relationship between biodiversity and the aboveground carbon (AGC) has been widely reported for various Brazilian forest types, representing a win–win scenario for climate change mitigation, this association has not been commonly found in Brazilian subtropical forests. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of <i>Araucaria angustifolia</i>, stand structure and species diversity in shaping AGC stocks in Brazilian subtropical mixed forest. We hypothesized that the effects on the AGC of stand structure and diversity would be mediated by <i>A. angustifolia</i>. We also evaluated the expectation of higher carbon stocks in protected forest as a result of their positive correlation with biodiversity conservation.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that stand structure, followed by <i>A. angustifolia</i>, played the most important role in shaping the AGC stock. Our hypothesis was partially confirmed, the indirect effects of <i>A. angustifolia</i> on stand structure being found to have shaped the AGC. Similarly, our expectation was partially supported, with the higher AGC in the protected area being related not to diversity, but rather to the presence of larger trees, denser stands, and a greater abundance of <i>A. angustifolia</i>.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although the win–win strategy between diversity conservation and carbon storage is not a peculiarity of Araucaria forests, we highlight the potential of these forests as a nature-based climate solution, maintaining high levels of carbon storage in harmony with the provision of keystone socio-economic resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":505,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Balance and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://cbmjournal.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13021-024-00284-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “quantum identity authentication with single photon”","authors":"Davide Li Calsi,&nbsp;Paul Kohl","doi":"10.1007/s11128-024-04564-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-024-04564-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A few years ago Hong et al.  (Quantum Inf Process 16:236, 2017) proposed a quantum identity authentication protocol using single photons and executable on currently available quantum hardware. Zawadzki later published two attacks on this protocol, and suggested a mitigation in the same work. In this comment we point out an additional vulnerability that causes the prover Alice to leak a percentage of her secret key at every authentication attempt. The latter is due to a problematic policy in the generation and management of decoy states. We conclude by showing a simple mitigation that addresses the issue.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11128-024-04564-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Integrator complex: an emerging complex structure involved in the regulation of gene expression by targeting RNA polymerase II","authors":"Tingyue Li,&nbsp;Fulei Zeng,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Hu Li,&nbsp;Jiayuan Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10142-024-01479-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10142-024-01479-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Integrator complex is a multisubunit complex that participates in the processing of small nuclear RNA molecules in eukaryotic cells by cleaving the 3’ end. In protein-coding genes, Integrator is a key regulator of promoter-proximal pausing, release, and recruitment of RNA polymerase II. Research on Integrator has revealed its critical role in the regulation of gene expression and RNA processing. Dysregulation of the Integrator complex has been implicated in a variety of human diseases including cancer and developmental disorders. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of the Integrator complex is critical to uncovering the mechanisms of gene expression and developing potential therapeutic strategies for related diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":574,"journal":{"name":"Functional & Integrative Genomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol ink-modified microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for enhanced white detection in simultaneous determination of multiple water quality indicators","authors":"Jaruwan Mettakoonpitak,&nbsp;Patcharaporn Hatsakhun,&nbsp;Nichanun Sirasunthorn","doi":"10.1007/s00604-024-06772-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-024-06772-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>White detection remains a critical limitation in using colorimetry to determine substances with microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs). Here, we introduced a simple, safe alcohol ink-modified µPAD for the straightforward and facile detection of white color in precipitation reactions. Although absolute alcohol ink was found to cause device leakage, dilution of the ink with water was the key to successfully precoat wax-created µPADs. Device utility was demonstrated through simultaneous detection of sulfate, phosphate, and water hardness via precipitation reactions. While phosphate interfered with sulfate detection by Ba²⁺, in situ distance-based quantification of phosphate was implemented. Aside from anions, the modified µPADs could be extended to detect cationic analytes such as total hardness. The limits of detection (LODs) for sulfate, phosphate, and hardness were 0.005 mmol L⁻¹, 0.005 mmol L⁻¹, and 0.5 mmol L⁻¹, respectively, with the linear ranges of 0.01–10.0 mmol L⁻¹, 0.005–1.0 mmol L⁻¹, and 0.001–0.5 mol L⁻¹. The µPADs were applied to real water samples, demonstrating results that were consistent with standard methods at a 95% confidence level. By incorporating white detection, these alcohol ink-modified µPADs offer enhanced versatility for addressing a broader array of analytical challenges in real-world settings.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}