Springer最新文献

{"title":"Simulation of particle size distribution of polystyrene/expandable polystyrene in suspension polymerization with the use of modified time increment Monte Carlo model","authors":"Soheyl Khajehpour-Tadavani,&nbsp;Hossein Abedini,&nbsp;Mehdi Nekoomanesh-Haghighi","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04536-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04536-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of simulations with the use of a time increment dynamic Monte Carlo (MC) model for predicting the Droplet Size Distribution (DSD)/Particle Size Distribution (PSD) of Polystyrene (PS) and Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) initiated with a single stirred Parr reactor using a constant speed and ended with a double stirred Parr reactor with different speeds during polymerization. This study proposes equations for determining the density and viscosity of the continuous phase, the interfacial tension of the suspension in the presence of multiple Suspending Agent (SA), and the density of the dispersed phase in a system containing a blowing agent, which capture the synergistic effects of these materials. In addition, the effect of the sampling factor <i>f</i> at the MC simulation for implementing adequate initial number of droplets achieving a precise MC model was investigated. A strong correlation was observed between the experimental findings and the predictions of the MC model. This consistency was evident in various conditions, including modifications in reactor geometry, timing and type of SA introduction, increased monomer droplet volume, the application of Pentane as a blowing agent for EPS, and variations in reaction parameters. The time increment dynamic MC model could predict all variations based on any specific changes in experimental formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charged regular black holes in quantum gravity: from thermodynamic stability to observational phenomena","authors":"Erdem Sucu,&nbsp;İzzet Sakallı","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14726-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14726-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the thermodynamic, astrophysical, and observational properties of charged nonsingular black holes within the framework of quantum gravity and nonlinear electrodynamics. Our study focuses on the Frolov black hole model, which generalizes the Reissner–Nordström and Hayward solutions through the inclusion of a cosmological-type parameter <span>(alpha .)</span> By employing the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT), we derive the Hawking temperature and heat capacity, identifying phase transition points that govern black hole stability. We extend this analysis by incorporating generalized uncertainty principle corrections, revealing modifications to entropy and thermodynamic behavior. In the context of weak gravitational lensing, we compute the deflection angle using GBT and analyze its variations in vacuum and plasma media, emphasizing the role of charge and quantum effects on light propagation. Furthermore, we examine quasi-periodic oscillations by evaluating epicyclic frequencies in accretion disks, linking them to astrophysical observables. Lastly, we study the gravitational time delay of light signals, demonstrating how quantum-modified spacetime alters light propagation. Our results provide key insights into quantum-gravitational corrections to black hole physics, offering potential observational signatures relevant to gravitational wave studies, black hole imaging, and precision tests of strong-field gravity. Throughout this work, the term quantum gravity is used in an effective sense, referring to quantum aspects of black hole physics such as GUP-induced corrections, rather than to a complete and established quantum theory of gravitation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14726-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducible Fabrication of Perovskite Photovoltaics via Supramolecule Confinement Growth","authors":"Xinyi Liu,&nbsp;Jin Xie,&nbsp;Ziren Zhou,&nbsp;Huijun Lian,&nbsp;Xinyuan Sui,&nbsp;Qing Li,&nbsp;Miaoyu Lin,&nbsp;Da Liu,&nbsp;Haiyang Yuan,&nbsp;Feng Gao,&nbsp;Yongzhen Wu,&nbsp;Hua Gui Yang,&nbsp;Shuang Yang,&nbsp;Yu Hou","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01923-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01923-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2> Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000<ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Demonstrating a new concept of “supermolecule confined growth” of perovskite thin films by constructing a compact, ultraflat 4-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene capping layer atop perovskite precursor film to engineer the perovskite formation dynamics.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The supramolecule confined approach enabled the highly reproducible fabrication of perovskite films with a root mean square &lt; 10 nm and electronic homogeneity, which significantly minimized the power conversion efficiency variations for both device-to-device and batch-to-batch solar cell devices.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The obtained perovskite films exhibited photoluminescence quantum yield &gt; 10% and surface recombination velocities &lt; 100 cm s⁻¹ for both interfaces.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01923-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directional Three-Dimensional Macroporous Carbon Foams Decorated with WC1−x Nanoparticles Derived from Salting-Out Protein Assemblies for Highly Effective Electromagnetic Absorption","authors":"Yongzheng Chen,&nbsp;Lixue Gai,&nbsp;Bo Hu,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Yanyi Chen,&nbsp;Xijiang Han,&nbsp;Ping Xu,&nbsp;Yunchen Du","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01920-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01920-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2> Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000<ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A groundbreaking approach is developed for the fabrication of directional macroporous WC_1−x/C foams, which frees the dependence on unidirectional freezing technique from the construction of directional macroporous carbon-based composites.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The electrostatic interaction between ammonium metatungstate and protein makes in situ generated tungsten carbide (WC_1−x) nanoparticles well disperse on carbon flakes.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The optimized foam exhibits exceptional electromagnetic absorption performance, achieving a remarkable minimum reflection loss of − 72.0 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.3 GHz.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01920-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Green Synthesis of Ultra-Small Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Activity","authors":"Kim-Phuong T. Dang,&nbsp;Nguyen-Vu Ngo,&nbsp;Hong-Phuc Nguyen,&nbsp;T. Ngoc-Han Pham,&nbsp;Hieu Vu Quang,&nbsp;Thanh-Danh Nguyen","doi":"10.1134/S1070427225040056","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070427225040056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has garnered significant attention due to its eco-friendliness, safety, and time efficiency. This study explores the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of AgNPs using an aqueous extract of <i>Hopea odorata</i> (HO) and evaluates their antibacterial properties. The reaction conditions, silver ion concentration, ultrasound amplitude, and time, were optimized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, achieving nanoparticle synthesis in just 30 min. Comprehensive characterization revealed ultra-small HO-AgNPs with an average size of 2.8 nm, confirmed by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, DLS, and zeta potential analyses. FTIR results suggested phenolic compounds in the extract act as stabilizing and reducing agents, while the highly negative zeta potential (–40.9 mV) indicated excellent stability. Antibacterial tests demonstrated strong activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, with the highest efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. These findings highlight HO-AgNPs as promising ultra-small nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"201 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Neutral Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrosynthesis Using Synergistic Ru-Based Nanoalloys on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon","authors":"Lisi Huang,&nbsp;Pingzhi Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Ge,&nbsp;Bingyu Wang,&nbsp;Jili Yuan,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Baohua Zhang,&nbsp;Ozge Hanay,&nbsp;Liang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01896-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01896-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A selective etching strategy was developed to construct a serious of RuM nanoalloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) uniformly dispersed on porous nitrogen-doped carbon.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>It has been demonstrated that RuM nanoalloys would present the enhancement synergic effect on significantly improve the kinetic of *NO₂ conversion to *HNO₂, which achieves efficient neutral NH₃ electrosynthesis at more positive potential.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01896-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforcing the structural, optical and dielectric properties through the integration of CuO nanoparticles into PS/PMMA:NiFe2O4 electrolyte","authors":"A. Y. Yassin,&nbsp;Aeshah Salem,&nbsp;G. M. Asnag,&nbsp;A. A. Al-Muntaser,&nbsp;Faisal Katib Alanazi,&nbsp;Hana Mohammed Almarri,&nbsp;Naif Ahmed Alshehri,&nbsp;E. M. Abdallah","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-15704-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-15704-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study reports the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with diameters of 27.53 nm using the sol–gel method and their incorporation into a polystyrene/polymethyl methacrylate (PS/PMMA) blend containing nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄) nanoparticles to fabricate PS/PMMA: NiFe₂O₄/CuO electrolyte nanocomposites via the casting technique. The structural, optical, and dielectric characteristics of the electrolyte nanocomposites were investigated using XRD, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy and impedance analysis. XRD results exhibited that the incorporation of CuO nanoparticles reduced the crystallinity of PS/PMMA: NiFe₂O₄/CuO electrolyte nanocomposites. UV/vis spectra indicated a decrease in the optical bandgap with higher CuO loading, indicating improved light absorption. Dielectric studies revealed a prominent shift in the dielectric loss peak at high frequencies and enhanced AC conductivity with increasing CuO content, underscoring superior dielectric performance. Nyquist plots exhibited non-Debye relaxation behavior, modeled via an electrical equivalent circuit, with bulk resistance decreasing significantly from (5.34 ± 0.32) × 10⁶ Ωfor pure PS/PMMA blend to (1.50 ± 0.08) × 10⁵ Ω for the electrolyte containing 2.0 wt% CuO. The findings highlight the strong potential of PS/PMMA: NiFe₂O₄/CuO nanocomposite samples as advanced functional films for next-generation optoelectronic devices and high-performance energy storage systems, enabled by their precisely tailored optical and electrical characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, Electrical, Magnetic, and Electrochemical Properties of Mg0.5MnxZn0.5-xFe2O4 Nanoferrites","authors":"Nancy,&nbsp;Preeti Thakur,&nbsp;Ritesh Verma,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar,&nbsp;Yassine Slamani,&nbsp;Atul Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s10948-025-07045-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-025-07045-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, manganese-doped magnesium zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the ferrite samples showed a pure spinel phase (Mg_0.5Mn_xZn_0.5-xFe₂O₄) with a cubic spinel structure where crystallite size was observed in the range of 13 to 18 nm, whereas the lattice parameter increased from 7.678 to 7.726 Å with an increase in Mn²⁺ ion concentration. The increase in crystallite size was coupled with a reduction in the lattice strain, which ranged from 0.020 to 0.007. FTIR studies showed that when Mn²⁺ ion doping increased, the band location in the high-frequency band region decreased from 565.182 to 418.779 cm⁻¹. Five Raman active vibrational modes at 180–700 cm⁻¹ were visible in the Raman spectra. With low coercivity, the nanoferrites displayed excellent magnetization values from 24.44 to 42.11 emu/g. A single semicircular arc in the Cole–Cole plot described grain dominance. According to the impedance spectrometry plot, composition <i>x</i> = 0.4 exhibited the highest ac conductivity, 0.000137 S/cm, at 10 MHz frequency, and the lowest tangent loss value, 0.553, at 1.12 MHz frequency for <i>x</i> = 0.0 composition. As the doping level increased, the ac conductivity increased as well. None of the samples exhibit Debye behavior, as indicated by the wide range of conductivity values. The substitution of manganese ions not only affected the structural characteristics of the nanoferrites but also significantly impacted their electrical conductivity from 0.34 × 10⁻⁴ to 1.3 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm. These changes made Mn-substituted Mg–Zn nanoferrites promising candidates for various applications in magnetic devices and energy storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stretchable bioelectronic sensors with adhesive layer: current status and future challenges","authors":"Gongwei Tian,&nbsp;Jianhui Chen,&nbsp;Ruiwen Tian,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Weihong Lu,&nbsp;Dianpeng Qi","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-15797-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-15797-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stretchable bioelectronics have received widespread attention due to their excellent electrical stability during the stretching process. However, they lack adhesion to wet dynamic tissues, which hampers the stable transmission of high-quality physiological signals. In recent years, it has mainly been through the introduction of an adhesive layer at the interface between stretchable bioelectronics and the tissue, or the direct use of conductive hydrogel adhesive as stretchable bioelectronics. However, most current reviews only focus on conductive hydrogel adhesive, ignoring the stretchable bioelectronics with adhesive layers. This greatly hinders the development of adhesive stretchable bioelectronics. Therefore, this article reviews stretchable bioelectronics with adhesive layers. The adhesion strategy of liquid adhesives and hydrogel adhesive as an adhesive layer was discussed. Simultaneously, the surface treatment strategies of polymer elastomer substrate of stretchable bioelectronics (including chemical modification and construction of micro/nano structure) were discussed to enhance the adhesion between stretchable bioelectronics and the adhesive layer. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of stretchable bioelectronics with adhesive layers were discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric supply restoration in self-healed smart distribution systems: a review","authors":"Mohamed Goda,&nbsp;Mazen Abdel-Salam,&nbsp;Mohamed-Tharwat EL-Mohandes,&nbsp;Ahmed Elnozahy","doi":"10.1186/s42162-025-00541-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42162-025-00541-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>System restoration is aimed at ensuring continuity of the electric supply to all loads in a distribution system under abnormal conditions without violating electrical-constraints. This adds the feature of “self-healing” to the distribution system to make it as smart system. This paper presents a literature survey of published research techniques on electric supply restoration over the period 1981–2024. Four categories of distribution systems with different attributes are proposed by the present authors to compare fairly among these techniques through implementation and running the necessary codes for each restoration technique. Comparisons are concerned with contribution, adopted technique, test model, advantages and disadvantages as well as utilization of renewables. To meet the electrical-constraints on electric supply restoration, fifteen challenges are selected, reviewed and discussed within the comparisons. The algorithms based on graph theory showed better performance regarding the challenges related to minimizing the energy-not-supplied, achieving self-healing dream, preventing feeder overloading and maintaining the voltage profile within limits when compared with other algorithms. The algorithms based on linear and nonlinear programming showed better performance concerning the challenges related to minimizing restoration time and preventing in-supply load shedding when compared with other algorithms. The algorithms based on heuristics and metaheuristics showed better performance concerning the challenges related to system configuration, generating optimal sequence of switches, minimizing the number of ordered switches and reducing the restoration cost when compared with other algorithms. The future trends of the supply restoration in smart distribution systems are also discussed. The present survey is concluded with a summary of the findings from the literature survey and outlines potential directions for future research. It highlights the key opportunities to support researchers in advancing more intelligent restoration strategies for electric supply in smart distribution systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":538,"journal":{"name":"Energy Informatics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://energyinformatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42162-025-00541-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}