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{"title":"A novel image encryption scheme with synchronous permutation–diffusion controlled by CA and a sine-cosine-optimized CML model","authors":"Jiakun Wang,&nbsp;Zhen Li,&nbsp;Weijie Tan,&nbsp;Xianming Wu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06767-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06767-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel sine-cosine-optimized coupled map lattices (SCOCML) is proposed, which integrates the cellular automata (CA)-guided non-adjacent coupling method and is constructed upon the sine-cosine-optimized (SCO) map. Within the given parameter range, dynamics analysis shows that every lattice point in the proposed SCOCML system sustains a chaotic state, thereby exhibiting enhanced chaotic features. Based on the SCOCML system, a novel image encryption scheme is presented. It starts with generating a plaintext-related initial key, ensuring high sensitivity to plain images. Additionally, a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) based on the dynamic gas cellular automata (DGCA) model is proposed to further improve the randomness of chaotic sequences, enabling the image cryptosystem to achieve robust security performance. Subsequently, a CA-controlled synchronous permutation–diffusion method is proposed, which utilizes the evolving states of cellular automata to dynamically perform row and column encryption, achieving an efficient and coordinated encryption effect in merely three rounds. Extensive experimental results and security analyses confirm that the proposed image cryptosystem offers excellent resistance against various attacks, achieving information entropy &gt; 7.999, NPCR &gt; 99.60, and UACI <span>(approx)</span> 33.45, making it suitable for practical secure image communication applications.\u0000</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane and 1,2-dichloropropane: implications for bioremediation","authors":"Paul B. Hatzinger,&nbsp;Rachael Rezes,&nbsp;Simon Vainberg,&nbsp;Paul Koster van Groos","doi":"10.1007/s10532-025-10178-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-025-10178-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>1,2,3-Trichloropropane (1,2,3-TCP) is a suspected human carcinogen and a persistent emerging contaminant in groundwater and drinking water. 1,2,3-TCP was historically used as a solvent for cleaning and maintenance, paint and varnish removal, and degreasing, but its sources also include chemical manufacturing processes and application of soil fumigants. The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) has established a state maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 0.005 µg/L for 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water and a public health goal (PHG) of only 0.0007 µg/L. The primary research question addressed herein was whether aerobic or anaerobic cultures can potentially be applied for treatment of 1,2,3-TCP, and whether bacteria are capable of biodegrading 1,2,3-TCP to below the California MCL. During this study, we identified cultures capable of biodegrading 1,2,3-TCP via reductive dehalogenation as well as through aerobic cometabolic processes. Follow-on studies with organisms capable of aerobically degrading 1,2,3-TCP included kinetic modeling and assessment of concentrations of 1,2,3-TCP achievable via biodegradation. 1,2-Dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) is sometimes found co-mingled with 1,2,3-TCP, so studies also were conducted to quantify rates of 1,2-DCP biodegradation alone and when present together with 1,2,3-TCP. The dehalogenating consortium CPD-2, which was isolated from sewage sludge and includes <i>Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter</i> and <i>Dehalobium</i> spp., biodegraded both 1,2,3-TCP and 1,2-DCP. Anaerobic 1,2,3-TCP degradation resulted in a transient production of 1,2-DCP followed by 1-chloropropane (1-CP), which accumulated nearly stoichiometrically and then slowly degraded, indicating complete dechlorination of 1,2,3-TCP by this mixed culture. Two different cometabolic pure cultures, <i>Rhodococcus ruber</i> ENV425 and <i>Rhodococcus aetherivorans</i> ENV493 degraded 1,2,3-TCP after growth on propane or isobutane. Importantly, both bacteria were capable of degrading 20 µg/L of 1,2,3-TCP to &lt; 0.005 µg/L after growth on isobutane. Experiments conducted with ENV425 and ENV493 to quantify relevant kinetic parameters after growth on isobutane suggested that ENV425 facilitated more rapid 1,2,3-TCP degradation than ENV493. Both strains were observed to degrade 1,2-DCP much faster than 1,2,3-TCP when present individually or in mixtures. The data from this study suggest that cometabolic treatment of 1,2,3-TCP, or mixtures of 1,2-DCP and 1,2,3-TCP, is feasible and that relevant regulatory concentrations are achievable using this process. Similarly, anaerobic treatment may be possible at locations with higher concentrations or where 1,2,3-TCP occurs with other chlorinated solvents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":"36 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-energy factorization via eigenfunctions of the next-to-leading-order BFKL kernel","authors":"Ada Polizzi,&nbsp;Michael Fucilla,&nbsp;Alessandro Papa","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14668-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14668-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a general formula for the amplitude of forward exclusive hadronic processes in the semihard regime of perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), by means of the <i>next-to-leading order</i> eigenfunctions of the Balitsky–Fadin–Kuraev–Lipatov (BFKL) kernel, as constructed by Chirilli and Kovchegov. We discuss some formal subtleties in the check of compatibility with the similar formula based on the use of the <i>leading-order</i> BFKL eigenfunctions. Finally, in the specific case of the electroproduction of two light vector mesons, we consider the numerical stability of the amplitude when one or the other set of eigenfunctions is adopted.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14668-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine contributes to protecting against the cadmium-induced pancreatic damage: role of intestinal microbiome modulation and barrier function","authors":"Abdulaziz Q. Ali,&nbsp;Ezat A. Mersal,&nbsp;Rastam Samer,&nbsp;Samaa A. Alhjmohammad,&nbsp;Zainab H. Alabdrabalridha,&nbsp;Fatimah Y. Alseeni,&nbsp;Amal F. Dawood,&nbsp;Marwa Omar Abdel All,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Abdelmoneim,&nbsp;Tamer M. Shawky","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10591-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10591-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cadmium (Cad) is a worldwide heavy metal pollutant associated with global health challenges. Alteration of the intestinal microbiome, due to chemicals’ exposure, plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases such as pancreatic disorders. Hence, modulation of the gut microbiota might be a targeted approach to manage pancreatic diseases. Using murine modeling, this study consisted of two dependent experiments to investigate the curative potential of berberine (BBR) in a Wistar rat model of Cad-provoked pancreatic toxicity and the possible contribution of gut microbiota to BBR protection. In experiment 1, Cad-induced pancreatic injury was established in rats via 8-week oral gavage of Cad at 4 mg/kg. The treatment group was exposed to BBR at 200 mg/kg body weight, oral gavage for 8 weeks. In experiment 2, transplantation of the fecal microbiome was done, in which the fecal microbiota in each group of experiment 1 was orally gavaged to the healthy rats of each corresponding group in experiment 2, once weekly for 8 weeks. The serum amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic inflammatory and oxidative markers, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses were evaluated. The markers of gut mucosal barrier, and mRNA expression of cell junction proteins were investigated for possible intestinal injury. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to identify the gut bacterial changes and possible pancreatic bacterial translocation. Cad induced intestinal barrier disruption and elicited a state of pancreatic inflammation and apoptosis as indicated by TGF-β and BAX immunohistochemistry, which were relieved by BBR. A decreased firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio and microbial migration due to interrupted intestinal mucosal barrier were reported. Furthermore, BBR restored the bacterial richness and proportions in the gut, thereby maintaining the intestinal microbial community, fixing the intestinal mucosal barrier structure, and inhibiting the pathway of bacterial migration. BBR protected against Cad-induced pancreatic damage, mostly through safeguarding the intestinal barrier function. Modulation of the intestinal bacterial community, repairing the gut barrier structure, and interference with the pancreatic bacterial migration and colonization were suggested BBR effects, potentially alleviating Cad-related pancreatic injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissipative particle dynamics simulations of wormlike chain adsorption onto planar walls in a pressure-driven flow","authors":"Shaofeng Xu,&nbsp;Zichen Wang,&nbsp;Yifan Yu,&nbsp;Chuzhen Zhu,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04468-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04468-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adsorption of wormlike chain onto planar walls in a pressure-driven flow was investigated using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method. The wormlike chain was modeled by the well-known bead-spring chain connected by the Marko-Siggia spring. Under static condition, the wormlike chain is adsorbed onto the wall in an extended conformation and forms trains for a strongly adsorbed wall, while sections of the chain are adsorbed and the chains form loops and tails for a weakly adsorbed wall. In the presence of pressure-driven flow, our simulations show that the chain is stretched near the wall, and the chain-wall hydrodynamic interaction would lead to the desorption of the wormlike chain. The desorption is determined by an interplay between wall-chain attractive interaction and chain-wall hydrodynamic interaction. Increasing the flow strength would increase the chain-wall hydrodynamic interaction, thereby leading to a stronger desorption. The desorption rate <i>η</i> of worm-like chain is found to scale as <span>(nproptodotgamma^{0.6865})</span> with shear rate <span>(dotgamma)</span>. For a strongly adsorbed wall, all sections of wormlike chain are adsorbed with trains conformation, which causes the chain-wall hydrodynamic interaction to be screened.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-informed modeling and deep learning-driven optimization of GO–CNT hybrid nanocomposites-reinforced car hood doors under nonlinear dynamic loading","authors":"QinBao Huang,&nbsp;Guolong Zheng,&nbsp;Jie Liu,&nbsp;Belgacem Bouallegue","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06704-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06704-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents a comprehensive nonlinear dynamic analysis of moderately thick car hood doors reinforced with graphene oxide–carbon nanotube (GO–CNT) as the hybrid nanocomposites. The structural configuration is modeled as a doubly car hood door, and geometric nonlinearities are captured using the sinusoidal shear deformation theory (SSDT) integrated with von Kármán kinematics. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are systematically derived via Airy’s stress function and discretized using a coupled Galerkin scheme. A time-domain solution is achieved through a fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. To address computational challenges and facilitate real-time performance prediction, a deep neural network (DNN) surrogate model is developed. The predictive accuracy and efficiency of various optimizers, including SGDM, RMSProp, and Adam, are benchmarked, with the Adam algorithm achieving optimal generalization for capturing complex nonlinear behavior. In this work, while the training time for the DNN models can vary depending on the architecture and dataset size (typically ranging from minutes to hours), once trained, the DNNs provide significant speed-ups during prediction, ranging from <span>(sim 113times text{to }sim 526times)</span> faster than traditional numerical simulations. The results highlight the significant enhancement in dynamic stability and energy absorption capacity due to the synergistic reinforcement effects of GO and CNTs. The integration of nanomechanics, nonlinear modeling, and machine learning offers a novel and efficient framework for optimizing advanced automotive structures subjected to impact and vibration, contributing to physics-based lightweight and high-performance material design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociative electron attachment to NaCN","authors":"Berna Arslanoglu,&nbsp;Åsa Larson,&nbsp;Ann E. Orel","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01048-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01048-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dissociative electron attachment to NaCN is investigated theoretically by combining electron scattering calculations, structure calculations and wave packet dynamics. Non-adiabatic couplings between resonant states and electronically bound states of NaCN<span>(^-)</span> are considered. The calculated cross section has a threshold of 0.68 eV. Due to the very narrow autoionization widths of the electronic resonant states, the magnitude of the cross section is very low. Hence, dissociative electron attachment is not a pathway for forming CN<span>(^-)</span> in interstellar space.</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01048-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrally combining beam degradation caused by DLA defects: modeling and analysis","authors":"Guiqi Zhong,&nbsp;Peng Feng,&nbsp;Danni Li,&nbsp;Ling Liu,&nbsp;Zhen Wu,&nbsp;Mingxia Feng,&nbsp;Kai Jia,&nbsp;Zheqiang Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08546-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08546-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper investigates the degradation of beam quality in spectral beam combining (SBC) systems with dual-gratings caused by defects in diode laser arrays (DLAs), focusing on the combined effects of beam linewidth, divergence angle, and beam deflection. A comprehensive model is developed to analyze how these defects affect the wavelength-locking mechanism and beam propagation, thereby degrading the output beam characteristics. The results reveal that the dual-grating configuration effectively mitigates angular broadening induced by linewidth dispersion. A linewidth of 1 nm results in a mere 8% reduction in the peak intensity of the combined beam, concomitantly leading to a 0.5 increase in the β factor. Although beam divergence exacerbates the degradation of beam quality, beam deflection is the dominant factor. A deflection angle of 3 mrad results in a 38% reduction in peak intensity and a 2.6 increase in the β factor, underscoring the necessity of controlling beam deflection. We hope this work provides critical insights into the interplay between DLA imperfections and SBC performance, offering a theoretical foundation for optimizing high-power, near-diffraction-limited beam combining systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wigner Path Integral Representation of the Density of States. Monte Carlo Simulation of Plasma Media.","authors":"Vladimir Filinov,&nbsp;Pavel Levashov,&nbsp;Alexander Larkin","doi":"10.1007/s10955-025-03508-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-025-03508-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new phase space path integral representation of quantum density of states (DOS) was derived for a strongly coupled plasma media representing hydrogen plasma and two-component Coulomb system with uniformly distributed in space uncorrelated positive charges (“protons”) simulating a neutralizing background (“OCP”). A path integral Monte Carlo approach was used for the calculation of DOS, energy and momentum distribution functions as well as spin–resolved radial distribution functions (RDFs). The RDFs for electrons with the same spin projection revealed exchange–correlation cavities. For a two-component hydrogen plasma (TCP) the Coulomb attraction results in the appearance of high peaks on the proton–electron RDFs at small interparticle distances, while for the “OCP” the analogous RDFs demonstrate an unexpected significant drop arising due to a three–particle effect caused by the electron repulsion preventing for any two electrons to be in the vicinity of any uncorrelated charge. At negative plasma energy the “OCP” DOS is a fast-decaying function, while in hydrogen plasma at a temperature of the order of 1 <span>(textrm{Ry} = 0.5text {Ha}approx 13.6)</span> eV the DOS shows a well-pronounced peak related to the bound states. Quantum effects make momentum distribution functions non-maxwellian with a power-law high-momentum asymptotics (“quantum tails”) even under the condition of thermodynamic equilibrium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"192 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The motion state transformation of submarine mass movement: an experimental study","authors":"Weichao Liu,&nbsp;Ye Chen,&nbsp;Jie Gao,&nbsp;Fawu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04447-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04447-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Submarine mass movement (SMM) is a geohazard that can move along an extremely gentle slope. The motion state of SMM undergoes landslide-debris flow-turbidity current transformation during movement. Because of motion state transformation (MST) process, it is difficult to analyze the mobility and shear stress of the SMM quantitatively. To investigate the MST process, 81 sets of rotational flume-based experiments with different material types, masses, and velocities, were conducted. A densimetric Froude number (<i>Fr</i>) was used to characterize the MST process quantitatively. As velocity increases, the MST initiates at the front and surface of the SMM and progressively propagates toward the rear and bottom. Variations in material type and mass lead to different degrees of MST, which in turn result in distinct patterns of mobility and shear stress of the SMM. The results indicate that three soil–water interactions, i.e., hydroplaning, front erosion, and surface erosion have contributed to the MST process and the mobility of the SMM. During the MST process, <i>Fr</i> = 0.4 and <i>Fr</i> = 0.7 can be used as threshold values to identify the debris flow and turbidity current states, respectively. Furthermore, the MST process induces nonlinear variations in shear stress by altering sediment concentration and shear strain rate. The former dominates throughout the process, while the latter becomes significant only under stabilized motion states. The quantitative analysis of the MST process in this study can provide new insights into the SMM dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}