{"title":"Advancements in diagnostic approaches for Wilson's disease.","authors":"Jitender Kumar, Indrajit Roy","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00118h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00118h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wilson's disease (WD) is a genetic disorder that results in excessive copper build-up in tissues, causing significant liver and neurological damage. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods, including serum ceruloplasmin and urinary copper level monitoring, liver biopsy and genetic testing, are limited by sensitivity, specificity, invasiveness, and accessibility. Recent advances in diagnostic technologies offer new hope for more accurate, rapid, and non-invasive detection of WD. In this regard, nanotechnology-driven formulations hold significant promise for both the early diagnosis and treatment of WD. Through the innovative use of advanced nanomaterials, researchers are developing more effective therapeutic options and highly sensitive diagnostic tools, potentially transforming the management and prognosis of this genetic disorder. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in WD diagnostics, focusing on research published since 2016. It explores the development and application of novel biomarkers, advanced imaging modalities, innovative biosensors, and emerging nanotechnology-based approaches. By integrating these cutting-edge methodologies, the review highlights their potential to enhance early and accurate detection of WD, addressing current diagnostic challenges and improving clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naglaa A Kabil, Hawaa M Khalil, Hind E El Ghwas, Shymaa Bibars, Sara Abdulwahab
{"title":"Eco-conscious chromatographic determination of an anti-depressant free-dose combination in the presence of related impurities.","authors":"Naglaa A Kabil, Hawaa M Khalil, Hind E El Ghwas, Shymaa Bibars, Sara Abdulwahab","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00168d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00168d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 10% of pharmaceutical products distributed in developing countries are counterfeit or of substandard quality. A crucial strategy to help overcome this problem is to develop simple and easily applicable analytical methods for quality control testing of drugs, especially those administered in combinations due to their complex nature. Here, we worked towards this goal through the development of a simple, and rapid method based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for the simultaneous determination of an anti-depressant free-drug combination consisting of brexpiprazole (BREX) and fluoxetine (FLX) in the presence of fluoxetine related impurities (FLX-A). Chromatographic separation was carried out employing a mixture of 45% ethanol and 55% aqueous solvent consisting of 0.1% triethylamine, 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.057 M sodium dihydrogen phosphate adjusted to pH 6 using orthophosphoric acid. Separation was performed using a hypersil BDS C18 column at 50 °C, employing isocratic elution; the flow rate was set at 1.5 mL min<sup>-1</sup>, and UV detection was performed at 220 nm. The results of the developed method reflect excellent analytical performance. Linearity was observed over a concentration range of 5-80 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> for both drugs with correlation coefficients of 0.9996 and 0.9998 for BREX and FLX, respectively. The respective LOQ and LOD values were found to be 2.70 and 4.41 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> and 0.83 and 1.46 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> for BREX and FLX; in addition, the developed method was utilized to test the purity of both drugs in pharmaceutical formulations by monitoring fluoxetine-related impurities. The developed method was also determined to be eco-friendly, as testing with four available assessment tools demonstrated its superior greenness, especially represented by an AGREE score of 0.83.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A naphthalimide derivative-based fluorescent probe for selective detection of hydrogen peroxide and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> vapor.","authors":"Lin-E Guo, Yuqiang Zhao, Jiazhong Zhang, Ying Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00179j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00179j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is one of the most commonly used improvised explosive devices by terrorists. Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) serves as a synthetic precursor and degradation product of peroxide-based TATP. Herein, a \"turn-on\" pattern H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-selective naphthalimide derivative fluorescent probe was synthesized and characterized, demonstrating high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The probe operates <i>via</i> a donor-excited photo-induced electron transfer (d-PET) mechanism, resulting in a 60-fold fluorescence enhancement in response to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. As a result, the proposed probe can detect H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> within a linear range of 0 to 40 μM, with a detection limit of 59.6 nM. Notably, the probe was successfully employed for the rapid detection of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> vapor with high sensitivity at concentrations below 10 ppb, yielding visible results to the naked eye. It has also been successfully used for cell imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyperspectral imaging combined with DBO-SVM for the germination prediction of thermally damaged seeds.","authors":"Fu Zhang, Mengyao Wang, Baoping Yan, Huang Yu, Sanling Fu, Yakun Zhang, Ying Xiong","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00348b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00348b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthy development of the maize seed industry plays a key role in the effective supply of agricultural products and ensures national food security. Thermal damage to seeds significantly affects crop yield, seed vitality and nutritional value, making it crucial to identify maize seed germination potential before sowing. In this study, 100 thermally damaged and 100 normal maize seeds were selected, and spectral data were collected using a hyperspectral imaging system. The samples were divided into training and test sets in a 3 : 1 ratio. Spectral information in the range of 963.27-1698.75 nm was used for subsequent studies. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal transform (SNV) methods were used to pretreat the original spectral data, and a support vector machine (SVM) model was established. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and uninformative variables elimination (UVE) methods were used to reduce the dimensions of the full spectral features to further simplify the prediction model. In addition, the genetic algorithm (GA) and dung beetle optimizer (DBO) were used to optimize the penalty coefficient <i>c</i> and kernel function <i>g</i> parameters of the SVM model to enhance the prediction accuracy. Results showed that the SNV-CARS-DBO-SVM model achieved the best performance with a prediction accuracy of 92.00% and a running time of 3.22 seconds, providing a strategy for the non-destructive, efficient and accurate prediction of the germination of thermally damaged maize seeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Jin, Jiaying Wang, Fan Ding, Bingjie Cai, Yirong Li
{"title":"Real-time reliable detection of adrenocorticotropic hormone using reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistors.","authors":"Xin Jin, Jiaying Wang, Fan Ding, Bingjie Cai, Yirong Li","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00312a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00312a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a pivotal regulator in stress response and cortisol production, poses substantial detection challenges owing to its low plasma concentration, susceptibility to fluctuations, and storage-related stability issues. We developed an innovative nano-immunobiosensor platform to overcome these limitations that integrates reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with field-effect transistor (FET) technology. This platform employs anti-ACTH-directed detection to achieve rapid, sensitive, and real-time quantification of ACTH levels. The RGO-FET design capitalizes on the binding capacity of ACTH to pre-arrange anti-ACTH, thereby enhancing target engagement and enabling swift recognition of unlabeled ACTH. The sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity, detecting ACTH concentrations as low as 0.124 fM in PBS. Furthermore, Bland-Altman analysis comparing our method with existing techniques using clinical samples reveals a high degree of methodological agreement, with 96% of results falling within the 95% confidence interval, underscoring its excellent precision. The principal advantage of this nano-immunobiosensor is its capability for real-time ACTH detection in clinical samples, making it an up-and-coming candidate for a sensitive point-of-care (POCT) diagnostic solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiajun Chen, Chenyang Zhang, Weiye Nie, Lidan Liu, Qi Zhou, Wenwu Cao
{"title":"A water-soluble fluorescent probe based on porphyrin derivatives for Cu<sup>2+</sup> detection in aqueous solution and living cells.","authors":"Jiajun Chen, Chenyang Zhang, Weiye Nie, Lidan Liu, Qi Zhou, Wenwu Cao","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00524h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00524h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately tracing copper ions (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) is critically important in the fields of environmental protection and human body monitoring. Excessive intake of Cu<sup>2+</sup> not only easily leads to diseases, but also affects human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an easy-to-use, effective, and highly selective probe for <i>in situ</i> Cu<sup>2+</sup> detection in living cells. Herein, a water-soluble porphyrin derivative (WSPD) was successfully synthesized and used as a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for detecting Cu<sup>2+</sup> in aqueous solutions and living cells. The WSPD possesses good water solubility and photostability, large Stokes shift (>200 nm), appreciable red fluorescence and low cytotoxicity. The fluorescence signal could be rapidly quenched by Cu<sup>2+</sup> with high selectivity due to the strong affinity of Cu<sup>2+</sup> to the porphyrin core of the WSPD. The proposed fluorescent probe exhibited a low detection limit of 6.43 nM and a fast response time (<5 min) for Cu<sup>2+</sup> detection in aqueous solution. Furthermore, it is successfully employed for the fluorescence imaging of intracellular Cu<sup>2+</sup> in living cells, demonstrating its great potential in the fields of biomedical imaging and biosensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rongting Zhuo, Rong Bao, Yanzhong Fan, Qi Lin, Yan Yang
{"title":"Development of a method for rapid determination of 98 PPCPs in drinking water by SPE-UPLC-MS/MS.","authors":"Rongting Zhuo, Rong Bao, Yanzhong Fan, Qi Lin, Yan Yang","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00307e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00307e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residues of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in drinking water pose significant public health risks. To assess these residues in water, this study developed a solid-phase extraction combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (SPE-UPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 98 PPCP residues in drinking water. By optimizing the pretreatment method and analysis conditions, the method exhibits excellent linearity, with all PPCPs showing correlation coefficients (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>) greater than 0.99 within the concentration range of 0-100 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. Recovery rates ranged from 60.7% to 119.0%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below 20%. The limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.034 and 4.001 ng L<sup>-1</sup>. Residues such as amisulpride and 1,7-dimethylxanthine were detected in water samples. This method is simple, sensitive, and suitable for high-throughput detection of trace PPCPs in drinking water, providing reliable technical support for water quality monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A TICT mechanism-based viscosity fluorescent probe for monitoring viscosity in inflammatory cells.","authors":"Song Han, Xinying Jing, Hui Peng, Weiying Lin","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00451a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00451a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viscosity, as a fundamental biophysical parameter of cellular microenvironments, critically regulates physiological processes, including molecular transport and signal transduction. Lysosomes, functioning as pivotal organelles, orchestrate essential biological activities such as macromolecular degradation and autophagic flux. Aberrant viscosity fluctuations disrupt the substrate delivery within lysosomal enzymatic activation zones, precipitating accumulation of undegraded metabolites and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators, ultimately contributing to chronic inflammatory diseases. Consequently, developing high-performance probes capable of real-time lysosomal viscosity monitoring is imperative for the prevention, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of inflammatory diseases. We developed a lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe, LTP-H, based on the TICT mechanism. The probe demonstrated a linear correlation between fluorescence intensity at 650 nm and medium viscosity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.995), exhibiting a 93-fold viscosity response ratio with robust stability against solvent polarity variations, pH fluctuations, and biological interferents. Density functional theory calculations corroborated the TICT response mechanism. Based on the strong hydrophobic property of the triphenylamine group, the LTP-H probe achieved pH-independent lysosomal targeting through a hydrophobicity-mediated membrane localization mechanism (<i>p</i> = 0.90). Successful application in monitoring viscosity dynamics within inflammatory cellular models and pharmacologically manipulated zebrafish demonstrated its utility as a molecular tool for investigating microenvironmental viscosity in inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Razaz Abdulaziz Felemban, Maram H Abduljabbar, Reem M Alnemari, Rami M Alzhrani, Yusuf S Althobaiti, Mohammed F Aldawsari, Ahmed Serag, Atiah H Almalki
{"title":"Spectrofluorimetric determination of brexpiprazole <i>via</i> quenching of erythrosine B fluorescence: optimization using Box-Behnken design.","authors":"Razaz Abdulaziz Felemban, Maram H Abduljabbar, Reem M Alnemari, Rami M Alzhrani, Yusuf S Althobaiti, Mohammed F Aldawsari, Ahmed Serag, Atiah H Almalki","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00457h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00457h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed and validated for the determination of brexpiprazole in bulk, pharmaceutical formulations and spiked human plasma. The method is based on the fluorescence quenching of erythrosine B upon its reaction with brexpiprazole in Toerell-Stenhagen buffer solution (pH 3.2). A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the factors influencing the method's performance considering factors such as buffer pH, buffer and reagent volumes and reaction time. The fluorescence intensity was measured at 554 nm after excitation at 530 nm. The method exhibited a linear response over the concentration range of 0.2-2 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.0515 and 0.1561 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, demonstrating good accuracy, precision and robustness. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine brexpiprazole in commercial tablets and spiked human plasma samples with excellent recoveries. The results obtained were statistically compared with those of a reference method showing no significant difference. This cost-effective and efficient method offers a valuable tool for routine quality control analysis of brexpiprazole in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical detection of profenofos in water using a UiO-67 metal organic framework with graphene oxide composite.","authors":"Shanthosh Maheswari Sivasubramaniyan, Indhu Suresh, Selva Balasubramanian, Noel Nesakumar, John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan, Arockia Jayalatha Kulandaisamy","doi":"10.1039/d5ay00296f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00296f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Profenofos substantially enhances the productivity of agricultural growth; however, it poses adverse ill effects on humans due to residual profenofos presence in water, resulting in severe contamination. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to develop a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor that can detect trace levels of profenofos in different kinds of water samples with enhanced accuracy. In this context, a detection strategy predicated upon the prescribed threshold of profenofos pesticide has been delineated. A UiO-67 metal-organic framework (MOF)/graphene oxide (GO) composite was synthesized <i>via</i> a solvothermal method and characterized using X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The resultant sensor exhibited the capability to recognize profenofos across the detection range of 10.0 to 500.0 μM, with a notably low detection limit (LOD) of 0.09 μM and a high sensitivity of 1.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup> μA μM<sup>-1</sup> using the amperometric method. Importantly, the sensor manifested commendable performance attributes, encompassing favorable repeatability (RSD: 0.5%), resistance to interference (5%), and exceptional recovery rates (98.82-108.89%) when applied to drinking water, groundwater, and agricultural irrigation water samples. The integration of UiO-67 MOF with GO enhanced the sensitivity of the fabricated electrode by providing abundant active sites for profenofos interaction. This innovative methodology holds potential for alleviating the challenges associated with profenofos contamination, presenting a reliable and effective approach for detection and quantification in varied environmental contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}