Analytical Methods最新文献

{"title":"Rapid detection method for the hardness of louver contacts based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)","authors":"Yun Xu, Zefeng Yang, Ziyi Li, Langyu Xia, Kai Liu and Wenfu Wei","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00906E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00906E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The louver contact, a critical component in ultra-high-voltage (UHV) converter transformers, significantly impacts the operational safety of electrical equipment due to its performance stability. The degradation mechanism arises from prolonged exposure to high current, elevated temperatures, and mechanical stress, leading to reduced material hardness and subsequent deterioration of contact performance. In this study, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was employed to characterize aged louver contact specimens. An outlier elimination strategy based on the cosine-distance Local Outlier Factor (LOF) algorithm was implemented. A hybrid dimensionality reduction framework integrating Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with neural encoder architectures was applied to address the dual challenges of high-dimensional data processing and preservation of critical spectral features. This research establishes a LIBS-based surface hardness detection method for louver contacts. Through comparative evaluation of multiple models, the Adam-optimized Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (Adam-GBDT) demonstrated superior performance, achieving a coefficient of determination (<em>R</em><small>²</small>) of 0.977, and exhibited significant potential for micro-damage surface evaluation. These findings provide technical support for operational monitoring and maintenance strategies for UHV equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 34","pages":" 6840-6846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From chemical to mechanism-driven quality control of Glehniae Radix: spectrum effect – chemometrics–pharmacology integration decoding antioxidant–anti-inflammatory crosstalk","authors":"Zepeng Zhang, Lei Zhang, Menglei Ding, Yi Wang and Tongtong Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00984G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00984G","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>Glehniae Radix</em> (GR) is primarily produced in Laiyang and Chifeng. It is a functional food with therapeutic and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the current standards only stipulate authentication criteria, without establishing a comprehensive evaluation framework to systematically enhance the quality control of GR. This study aimed to establish a “chemical–mechanism” quality control framework for GR through a three-tiered strategy: “chemical composition analysis–bioactivity quantification–mechanism network validation.” Initially, UPLC fingerprints of 14 GR batches were constructed, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated. Multivariate statistical models combined with activity indices were employed to optimize spectrum–effect relationships using a random forest algorithm, predicting bioactive constituents. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations were integrated to elucidate multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanisms. Chemometric analysis identified imperatorin as a marker for quantifying differences between Laiyang and Chifeng origins. Pharmacodynamic assays confirmed GR's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Random forest-optimized spectrum–effect modeling prioritized falcarindiol and panaxynol as bioactive markers. Network pharmacology predicted GR's regulation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and ErbB signaling <em>via</em> targets (EGFR, PTGS2, NFKB1). Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinity (<em>e.g.</em>, imperatorin–EGFR: −9.046 kcal mol<small>⁻¹</small>), and dynamics simulations confirmed complex stability. Thus, imperatorin, falcarindiol, and panaxynol were prioritized as quality markers. This study establishes a data-driven framework linking GR's chemical composition to antioxidant/anti-inflammatory mechanisms, advancing batch consistency control and precision applications in clinical disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 37","pages":" 7452-7467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of paper types based on three dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy combined with Resnet34","authors":"Yinni Lv, Xin Lin, Peng Wang and Hongda Li","doi":"10.1039/D5AY01099C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY01099C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Printing paper represents one of the most prevalent forms of physical evidence in document forensics, where accurate brand and model identification provides critical investigative leads. To enable rapid, precise identification of commercial printing paper brands, we propose a novel method combining 3D fluorescence spectroscopy with an enhanced ResNet34 network. First, 3D fluorescence contour maps of diverse paper brands were acquired across excitation (280–420 nm) and emission (300–592 nm) wavelengths. These data were augmented <em>via</em> random flipping, scaling, and cropping to generate an expanded dataset of 6398 samples. Subsequently, the ResNet34 backbone was streamlined by removing redundant intermediate layers to improve efficiency. Feature extraction capabilities—particularly for central regions of fluorescence contour images—were strengthened by integrating the CBAM attention mechanism, with training dynamics visualized for optimization. Comparative experiments identified optimal training strategies and hyperparameters. The highest-performing model achieved 97.27% accuracy on the test set, significantly outperforming conventional methods. The proposed system demonstrates strong robustness with a per-image inference time of 0.82 seconds, confirming its practical utility for forensic paper analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 36","pages":" 7320-7326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for determining arsenic species and applications in seafood safety monitoring","authors":"Huachun Liu, Yanfang Cheng, Hongwei Zhou, Xinhong Pan, Rongfei Peng, Zhijun Bai, Juntao Li and Lei Tan","doi":"10.1039/D5AY01201E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5AY01201E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Arsenic is a widely studied toxic element that exists in various species with different oxidation states and forms in the environment and biological systems. The different physicochemical properties, environmental behaviors, and toxicities of these arsenic species make speciation analysis essential for environmental monitoring and human health risk assessment. In this study, we demonstrated the determination and monitoring of six arsenic species, including arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenocholine (AsC), and arsenobetaine (AsB) in seafood using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). We optimized the chromatographic condition and sample preparation for the separation and extraction of arsenic species, and the method was validated with accuracy and reproducibility using certified reference materials and actual samples. Baseline separation of the arsenic species was achieved within 12 min, and oven heat extraction was selected for sample preparation. The method showed excellent linearity for arsenic species from 0.1 to 100 μg L<small>⁻¹</small>, with recoveries ranging from 92% to 123%, intra-day precision of 0.9–5.0%, and inter-day precision of 1.1–19.4%. The method was further used to determine the arsenic species in 109 mollusks, 195 crustaceans, and 195 marine fish samples from Guangdong, China. Distinctive patterns of arsenic species distribution were observed among different seafood categories. AsB was consistently the predominant species across all samples, with a detection frequency higher than 97.9% and contributed to more than 90% of total arsenic, other arsenic species showed marked variations in their occurrence and concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 34","pages":" 6800-6809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a Ru(phen)2L-Asp/ZnO@Zn(l-tar)(4,4′-bipy)/FTO-based electrochemiluminescence chiral sensor and its application for simultaneous recognition of menthol and penicillamine enantiomers†","authors":"Rui Kuang and Bing Yang","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00528K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00528K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ru(phen)<small>₃</small>Cl<small>₂</small> exhibits good ECL response, but it lacks chiral sites and cannot effectively recognize chiral compounds. In this study, a uniform array of ZnO nanorods was synthesized <em>via</em> electrochemical deposition, which served as the zinc source for the subsequent <em>in situ</em> growth of chiral Zn(<small>L</small>-tar)(4,4′-bipy) MOF shells on the nanorod surfaces through a solvothermal method. The Ru(phen)<small>₂</small>L-Asp complex was then immobilized onto the ZnO@Zn(4,4′-bipy)(<small>L</small>-tar)/FTO substrate to construct a novel Ru(phen)<small>₂</small>L-Asp/ZnO@Zn(4,4′-bipy)(<small>L</small>-tar)/FTO electrochemiluminescence (ECL) chiral sensor. This dual-recognition ECL sensor demonstrated excellent capability for simultaneous detection of Pen and Men enantiomers with remarkable quantitative discrimination performance. This strategy represents a significant advancement for developing high-throughput ECL chiral sensing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 34","pages":" 6754-6762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative dispersive liquid–liquid semi-microextraction approach for the speciation of V(iv) and V(v)","authors":"Anhelina Demchuk, Anastasiia Klochkova, Dmytro Barbalat, Yaroslav Bazel, Olena Zhukovetska, Olena Guzenko and Denys Snigur","doi":"10.1039/D5AY01292A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY01292A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The complexation of V(<small>IV</small>, <small>V</small>) species with 2,4-substituted derivatives of 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrylium bromide has been studied. The stoichiometry of the interaction products in the studied systems M : L = 1 : 3 was established by classical spectrophotometric methods. It was shown that the introduction of phenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4 of the benzopyrylium fragment leads to a shift of complexation to a more acidic region, an increase in the stability of the reaction products, and an increase in their molar absorptivity. It is substantiated that the reagent 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methyl-2-phenylbenzopyrylium bromide seems to be the most convenient for the development of semi-microextraction-UV-Vis spectrometric method for the V(<small>IV</small>, <small>V</small>) speciation. The apparent molar absorptivity of the complexes in the organic phase is 9.5 × 10<small>⁴</small> L mol<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻¹</small> for V(<small>IV</small>) and 1.0 × 10<small>⁵</small> L mol<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻¹</small> for V(<small>V</small>), respectively. The enrichment factors for V(<small>IV</small>) and V(<small>V</small>) are 9.5 and 10, respectively. The preconcentration factor is 9.3. An innovative approach for dispersive liquid–liquid semi-microextraction preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of vanadium has been developed (recoveries are 99.3–101.5%). The use DMF as auxiliary solvent allows to the separate extraction and determination of V(<small>IV</small>, <small>V</small>) form in their mixture. The greenness of the method was evaluated <em>via</em> AGREE and BAGI software.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 35","pages":" 7053-7060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of sample preparation method in testing air jet removal efficiencies of trace explosive particles relevant to non-contact sampling †","authors":"Robert Fletcher, Alexander Bulk, Matthew Staymates and Greg Gillen","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00372E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00372E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In particular, we study the influence of sample preparation methods on the removal efficiency of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) particles from clean glass slides <em>via</em> air jet impingement. Five different sample preparation methods are investigated covering a range of potential contamination scenarios. These include (1) dry sieve, (2) artificial fingerprint without sebum, (3) artificial fingerprint with sebum, (4) dry transfer and (5) direct pipetting of an aqueous suspension. Results show clear differences in RDX particle removal efficiency with sample preparation method, with a range from undetectable to almost 90%. A custom aerodynamic sampling testbed was developed for the testing that tightly controls air jet pressure, standoff distance and impingement angle while minimizing particle losses to the lab environment. Differential interference contrast (DIC) light microscopy was used to image RDX particles ranging in diameter from 5 μm to over 100 μm before and after jet impingement, with semi-automated post-processing used to determine total particle removal efficiency. The results of this study suggest that testing and evaluation procedures used for trace contraband screening systems that utilize non-contact aerodynamic sampling should consider the role of test sample preparation when designing and defining testing methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 37","pages":" 7402-7408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of the impact of Hericium erinaceus mycelium extract on ethanol-damaged gastric epithelial cells using atomic force microscopy","authors":"Xiaolin Jiang, Semen Domarev, Yujuan Chen, Cuihua Hu, Anna Orlova and Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00836K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00836K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to measure live cells. Changes in the biomechanical properties of a single cell under <em>Hericium erinaceus</em> mycelium extract (<em>Heme</em>) treatment play a critical role in drug efficacy evaluation and drug development, but they remain underexplored. In this study, ethanol-damaged human gastric mucosal cells (GES-1) treated with <em>Heme</em> were examined through AFM to investigate the physical changes. GES-1 cells were exposed to 5% ethanol to create a cell damage model. <em>Heme</em>-induced physical changes in the cell damage model were evaluated using AFM, including cell surface morphology, adhesion force, Young's modulus, and cell surface roughness. For comparison, the GES-1 cells were treated with various concentrations of <em>Heme</em> as a normal group. The scratch assay and colony-forming assay were conducted to determine the growth-promoting effects of <em>Heme</em>. The results show that 200 μg mL<small>⁻¹</small> of <em>Heme</em> is the optimal dosage, exhibiting the best repair capacity. This study presents a single-cell <em>in situ</em> approach for evaluating the drug efficacy of <em>Heme</em>, and the methodology used in this study is expected to investigate the effects of other drugs and physical and chemical factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 34","pages":" 6905-6912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-recognition fluorescent immunochromatographic strip based on IgG and antibiotic for smartphone-assisted detection of Staphylococcus aureus in food samples","authors":"Kai-Xin Qin, Rui-Ting Bai, Xiao-Xue Zhao, Yang Yang, Xian-Hua Wang and Lin-Yi Dong","doi":"10.1039/D5AY01026H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY01026H","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>), a bacterium ubiquitously distributed in natural environments and commonly colonizing human skin and mucous membranes, is a highly pathogenic agent that poses significant threats to human health. Consequently, the development of accurate and efficient detection methods for <em>S. aureus</em> is of utmost importance in clinical and public health contexts. Flow chromatography is widely used for the detection of <em>S. aureus</em> because of its short detection time and low demand for labor and material resources. Herein, we fabricated test strip sensors with dual recognition of IgG and cefradine (CE) for <em>S. aureus</em> detection, achieving a high degree of specificity and a low detection limit (10<small>²</small> CFU mL<small>⁻¹</small>). Meanwhile, by capturing images of the T-line with a smartphone to quantify its fluorescence intensity, this method enabled both qualitative and quantitative detection of <em>S. aureus</em>. The detection process was simple, which required no personnel training, and takes only 40 minutes, offering fast and convenient analysis. To prove the practicability, we applied the test strip sensors to orange juice, milk and beef, and they were highly sensitive (orange juice: 10<small>²</small> CFU mL<small>⁻¹</small>, milk: 10<small>⁴</small> CFU mL<small>⁻¹</small>, beef: 10<small>⁴</small> CFU mL<small>⁻¹</small>), reproducible (RSD &lt; 5.4%). Therefore, we believe the test strip sensors have a bright application prospect in the field of rapid detection of <em>S. aureus</em>.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 38","pages":" 7764-7772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fluorescent probe for detecting and imaging sulfur dioxide derivatives in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Yuxiao Wu and Yan Huang","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00938C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00938C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sulfur dioxide (SO<small>₂</small>), an important gaseous signaling molecule, takes part in multiple pathological and physiological processes and plays a vital role in complex biological systems. However, the pathogenesis of many serious diseases, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disorders and neurological diseases, resulting from excessive inhalation of SO<small>₂</small> remains unclear. Therefore, it is significant to develop reliable analytical methods to effectively and concretely monitor SO<small>₂</small> derivatives in living systems. In this study, a fluorescent probe BCy-SO2 was designed and synthesized for sensing SO<small>₂</small> derivatives <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The developed probe BCy-SO2 is based on the semicarbocyanine fluorescent group BCy linked to benzaldehyde, and the –CHO group can be used for the detection of SO<small>₂</small> derivatives. SO<small>₂</small> dissociates readily in water to bisulfite (HSO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>). As expected, HSO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> disrupts the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) of the probe BCy-SO2 to produce fluorescence, which is characterised by fast reaction time, low detection limit and high sensitivity. Our probe BCy-SO2 has been successfully designed for the detection of SO<small>₂</small> derivatives (HSO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>) in living cells, zebrafish and mice. We envisage that BCy-SO2 could be a powerful and attractive chemical tool to detect SO<small>₂</small> derivatives in biological specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 36","pages":" 7233-7238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}