Analytical Methods最新文献

{"title":"Research on chemical constituent differences in wild and cultivated Arnebia euchroma by combining UPLC-QTOF-MS with chemometrics†","authors":"R. Huang, D. X. Wu, R. Wu, N. Yang, F. Wei, S. Y. Dai and J. Zheng","doi":"10.1039/D4AY01998A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4AY01998A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was used to analyze the wild and cultivated <em>Arnebia euchroma</em> and the chemical constituent differences were determined by chemometric analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The MS data were processed using UNIFI combined with an in-house library to characterize the metabolites automatically. Based on the multiple adduct ions, exact mass, diagnostic fragment ions, peak intensity, retention time of compounds, and the fragmentation mechanism and retention behavior of references, the structures identified by UNIFI were further verified and the unidentified compounds were also tentatively elucidated. 68 compounds were identified, including 26 shikonins, 14 shikonofurans, 7 flavonoids, 7 phenolic acids, 5 esters, 2 phenylpropanoids, 2 saccharides and 5 others. The chemometrics results showed that the compositions of wild and cultivated <em>Arnebia euchroma</em> were significantly different; 8 differential components were obtained through VIP &gt;1 screening. The quality of wild and cultivated products is strongly influenced by altitude, and the higher the altitude, the more favorable the accumulation of chemical constituents, especially shikonofurans. These results provide basic information for revealing the effects of the ecological environment on the metabolite synthesis and accumulation of <em>Arnebia euchroma</em> and provide an important basis for further research and clinical application of wild and cultivated <em>Arnebia euchroma</em>.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 17","pages":" 3579-3589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waterborne protozoan parasite detection using two-frequency impedance flow cytometry†","authors":"Yunhao Peng, Bruce K. Gale and Himanshu J. Sant","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00184F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5AY00184F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Waterborne parasitic protozoa are common causes of gastrointestinal diseases in both humans and farm animals, even with standardized water treatment in place. This creates a need for continuous water monitoring to detect the presence of these micron-sized parasites in water sources to prevent potential outbreaks. This paper proposes a monitoring system consisting of a microfluidic channel embedded with micromachined microelectrodes to detect and evaluate protozoa at the individual (oo)cyst level in flowing water. To identify and discriminate between the (oo)cysts of Giardia and Cryptosporidium, two frequency-based impedance flow cytometry (IFC) is employed, where a high and a low frequency are applied to obtain the amplitude and phase variances of the samples. Using combination of amplitude and phase measurements at tested frequencies, the parasites and non-parasites (polystyrene) are identified, and a high degree of discrimination is also demonstrated for samples suspended in both DI water and filtered creek water. While impedance flow cytometry was utilized to detect waterborne protozoa, the system proposed in this paper is distinctive in the following ways. It employs differential coplanar electrodes instead of parallel electrodes to achieve a limit detection of &lt;0.1% volume ratio between volume of a single (oo)cyst and the volume the electrodes occupy in the channel. It applies a low and high frequency simultaneously to obtain amplitude ratios to characterize sample populations instead of amplitude <em>vs.</em> phase at a single fixed frequency, potentially improving sample discrimination. This work also demonstrates detection and identification of protozoan (oo)cysts suspended in a natural water source, instead of in purified water, showing the proposed system's potential as a continuous waterborne parasitic protozoa monitoring system in a real environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 17","pages":" 3590-3599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ay/d5ay00184f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and facile extraction and analysis of osthole in Fructus cnidii for large-scale production†","authors":"Zijun Wang, Taiyang Ji, Wenqi Lv, Jingyu Zhang, Xincai Hao and Xu Ling","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00336A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00336A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The cost-effective extraction of osthole and the study of its antioxidant activity are of crucial significance in providing theoretical and technical support for the development and utilization of osthole in Chinese medicine. <em>Fructus cnidii</em> was adopted as the raw material, and osthole was extracted through methanol solvent reflux, followed by isolation and determination using HPLC and HPLC-MS techniques. After carrying out a series of chromatographic applicability tests, single-factor investigations were conducted to explore the influence of methanol concentration, extraction time, liquid–solid ratio, and temperature on the extraction rate of osthole. Subsequently, Design-Expert software was utilized to apply the Box–Behnken response surface methodology in order to optimize the experimental conditions for achieving the maximum extraction rate. Additionally, <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activity assays were performed to evaluate the scavenging ability of the extracted osthole against ABTS<small>⁺</small>, DPPH radicals, as well as ascorbic acid. The results indicated that the optimal parameters for extracting osthole with methanol included an extraction duration of 1 hour, a liquid–solid ratio of 14 : 1 (v/w), an extraction temperature at 64 °C, and a methanol concentration at 75.8%. Under these conditions, the average extraction rate reached up to 14.66%, with only a relative deviation between the predicted values close to 1%. Furthermore, the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant studies demonstrated a strong scavenging ability exhibited by the obtained osthole. This finding holds significant potential for the large-scale production of osthole extraction and its subsequent application in anti-corrosion.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 3953-3962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering protein single-molecule sequencing: nanopore technology toward sensing gene sequences","authors":"Shujie Gao, Xiaowei Huang, Xinai Zhang, Zhecong Yuan, Haili Chen, Zhihua Li, Hany S. El-Mesery, Jiyong Shi and Xiaobo Zou","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00572H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00572H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The investigation of proteins at the single-molecule level is urgent to reveal the relationship between their structure and function. Unlike traditional techniques for attaining the overall average effect of group systems, nanopore sensing mode can provide information on the characteristics of proteins at the single-molecule level. Assisting with the intensity, frequency, and period of current changes, nanopore sequencing technology is rapidly advancing due to its merits, including fast readout, high accuracy, low cost, and portability. In particular, the single-molecule nanopore sequencing mode enables in-depth studies of DNA–protein interactions, protein conformation, DNA sequencing, and microbial assay, including genome sequencing of new species. This review summarizes the sensing mechanisms of nanopore sequencing technology in DNA damage, DNA methylation, RNA sequencing, and protein post-translational modifications and unfolding, covering both biological and solid-state nanopores. Due to these significant advantages, nanopore sequencing provides new insights into complex biological processes and enables more precise real-time monitoring of molecular changes. Its applications extend to clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and forensic analysis. Moreover, the review outlines the present challenges faced by nanopore sequencing patterns, such as the choice of raw reagents and the design of special construction, offering a deep understanding of nanoporous single-molecule sensing toward protein sequence information and structure prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 3902-3924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stencil-printed multiplex system for electrochemical determination of carbendazim, ascorbic acid and glucose in juice samples†","authors":"Ana Paula Z. Moscardi, Luís M. C. Ferreira, Gustavo Martins, David R. C. D. de Paula, Anne Raquel Sotiles, Fernando Wypych, Márcio F. Bergamini and Luiz Humberto Marcolino-Junior","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00186B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5AY00186B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study introduces a novel stencil-printed multiplex platform designed for the simultaneous determination of carbendazim (CBZ), ascorbic acid (AA), and glucose (GLU) in juice samples. Using custom carbon inks and direct printing techniques, the system integrates three distinct sensors on a single device, each optimized for its respective target analyte. The unmodified electrode demonstrated high sensitivity for AA detection using cyclic voltammetry (CV), achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.712 μmol L<small>⁻¹</small> and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.37 μmol L<small>⁻¹</small>. The GLU biosensor, under chronoamperometry conditions, exhibited a linear range of 0.10–2.50 mmol L<small>⁻¹</small> with LOD and LOQ of 8.50 and 28.30 μmol L<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively. A modified ink with Zn/Al layered double hydroxide delaminated (dLDH) was applied for CBZ determination by anodic stripping under square wave voltammetry (SWV) conditions, providing a linear range of 1.0–10.0 μmol L<small>⁻¹</small>, with LOD and LOQ of 0.067 and 0.022 μmol L<small>⁻¹</small>. Validation tests in mineral water, coconut water, and commercial juice samples (250-fold dilution) confirmed the platform's reliability using a minimal cell volume of 100 μL. This cost-effective stencil-printed multiplex device delivers excellent results, offering an efficient, reliable, and scalable solution for multi-analyte detection in complex matrices.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 18","pages":" 3806-3815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A green and sustainable UV spectrophotometric approach for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin, pravastatin, and atorvastatin in pharmaceuticals leveraging firefly algorithm-enhanced partial least squares regression†","authors":"Farooq M. Almutairi, Yusuf S. Althobaiti, Maram H. Abduljabbar, Rami M. Alzhrani, Reem M. Alnemari, Muneef M. Aldhafeeri, Ahmed Serag and Atiah H. Almalki","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00446B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00446B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study aimed to develop a green and sustainable analytical method for the quantitative determination of three statins—rosuvastatin, pravastatin, and atorvastatin—using their UV spectral fingerprints. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression combined with the Firefly Algorithm (FFA) for variable selection was employed to optimize the analysis. A partial factorial design was used to construct a 25-sample synthetic calibration set, while a central composite design served for external validation. The FFA-PLS approach demonstrated superior performance over traditional PLS models, achieving relative root mean square errors of prediction of 1.68%, 1.04%, and 1.63% for rosuvastatin, pravastatin, and atorvastatin, respectively, compared to 2.85%, 2.77%, and 3.20% for conventional PLS. FFA-PLS also enabled model simplification, reducing latent variables from 4, 3, and 4 to 2, 2, and 3 for the respective statins while requiring fewer wavelengths. Validation in accordance with ICH guidelines further confirmed the method's accuracy, precision, and selectivity. Besides, application to real pharmaceutical samples yielded mean recoveries ranging from 99.23% to 99.90%, with RSD% below 2%. Furthermore, comparative analysis with reported chromatographic methods revealed no significant differences in terms of mean and variance as calculated by a two-tailed <em>t</em>-test and <em>F</em>-test, respectively. Finally, environmental impact assessment metrics demonstrated the method's superior sustainability (AGREE score: 0.78 <em>vs.</em> 0.64 for HPLC; RGB12 whiteness index: 91.4% <em>vs.</em> 75.8% for HPLC-UV). In conclusion, the proposed UV-PLS-FFA method offers an effective, accurate, and environmentally friendly alternative for the determination of statins in pharmaceutical samples, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and sustainability and has potential for broader applicability beyond the scope of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 3933-3941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in ubiquitous colorimetric and fluorometric sensors for the detection of methanol","authors":"Mani Sangeetha, Jayaraman Pitchaimani and Vedichi Madhu","doi":"10.1039/D4AY02024C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AY02024C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Methanol, an aliphatic alcohol, is a widely recognized volatile organic compound (VOC) extensively used as a cost-effective solvent in various chemical, agricultural, and biological industries. However, the intentional adulteration of alcoholic beverages with inexpensive methanol for economic gain poses significant health hazards, including birth defects, respiratory illnesses, nervous system damage, and various chronic conditions. Prolonged exposure to methanol vapour can result in adverse effects such as eye inflammation, dizziness, headaches, insomnia, stomach problems, visual impairment, and even fatality. Notably, from 2017 to 2019, there were 7104 documented cases of methanol intoxication, resulting in 1888 fatalities across 306 recorded outbreaks of methanol poisoning. Notably, over 90% of these cases reported in Asia. Given the severe health risks associated with methanol, there is an urgent need for dependable detection methods to ensure public safety. One promising approach involves chemosensors capable of detecting methanol through changes in fluorescence or color. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in methanol detection, categorizing sensors based on their materials, structural attributes, and detection mechanisms. In essence, the review highlights recent research progress in fluorometric and colorimetric methods for methanol detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 3856-3875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere based paper assay for sensitive glucose detection†","authors":"Xin-Yi Dai, Xiao-Jie Shi, Yu Wu, Ting-Ting Zhang, Tian-Shun Song, Xiang-Ling Li and Jing-Jing Xie","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00306G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00306G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Glucose detection plays a crucial role in health monitoring, and the development of efficient and convenient detection platforms is highly desired. This study presents a sensitive and convenient detection system for non-invasive glucose detection in sweat, which is formed by combining the self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere (GSN) nanozyme with paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The GSN nanozyme exhibits excellent glucose oxidase-like catalytic activity, significantly enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of glucose detection. By integrating the self-assembled GSN nanozyme with a paper-based assay, this system enables fast, cost-effective, and non-invasive glucose detection and shows minimal interference from common substances found in sweat, demonstrating its potential for practical biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 4002-4008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A paper-based analytical device for rapid colorimetric detection of aluminium in aerosol antiperspirants†","authors":"Letícia L. Ferreira, Almir A. de Carvalho, Marcela L. C. de Souza, Ítalo A. Costa, Gerson F. Duarte-Junior, Alexandre Fonseca, Leonardo G. Paterno, Wendell K. T. Coltro and Cyro L. S. Chagas","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00229J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5AY00229J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This work focuses on developing a simple and low-cost methodology for colorimetric analysis of aluminum in aerosol antiperspirants using paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The devices were manufactured by combining a layer of paper with two layers of pouch film, consisting of 35 circular zones with a diameter of 6 mm each. Subsequently, analytical parameters were optimized by capturing the colorimetric responses of the reaction between aluminium (III) and Eriochrome Cyanine R in proportions of 3 μL of Eriochrome Cyanine R in the concentration of 1.5 g L<small>⁻¹</small> to 7 μL of aluminium solution. The effect of impregnating the paper with three different nanomaterials to improve the PAD response was also evaluated. With the help of a smartphone and an app capable of analyzing color generated from photos, the analytical curve was established in the concentration range from 1 to 6 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>, achieving a LOD of 0.52 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> and a LOQ of 1.56 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>, with the modification of the paper with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Subsequently, aluminium levels in aerosol antiperspirant brands were analyzed by evaluating different sample preparation methods. The results were compared with those obtained by performing the analyses using Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES), revealing statistically comparable results, and the recovery assay achieved recoveries ranging from 91.7 to 105.9%. Among the innovations brought by this work are the testing of new methods for preparing aerosol antiperspirant samples and the first application of the proposed modified PAD. There is the possibility of performing chemical analyses in environments with few resources and opening opportunities for many applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 19","pages":" 3976-3984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-emission copper nanoclusters for hydrogen sulfide detection: a novel approach†","authors":"Longyan Wang, Huachao Che, Lizhu Fang, Liqiang Lu, Xike Tian and Yeukuang Hwu","doi":"10.1039/D5AY00487J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5AY00487J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dual-emission copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were synthesized <em>via</em> a novel, green and one-pot aqueous method, employing bovine serum albumin and glutathione as reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. The CuNCs exhibited distinct fluorescence emissions at 443 nm and 612 nm under 365 nm excitation. Notably, with the increase in hydrogen sulfide concentration, the dual-emission fluorescence of CuNCs was gradually quenched, and complete quenching occurred at 280 μM. The probe demonstrated a stable response to hydrogen sulfide within the concentration range of 2.5–60.0 μM. The detection limit of hydrogen sulfide was as low as 0.32 μM, which is significantly lower than the limit set by the World Health Organization (1.5 μM). This method was successfully applied for the detection of sulfide in environmental samples, achieving remarkable recovery rates ranging from 98.2–102%. Moreover, the response mechanism and practical application potential of CuNCs as a hydrogen sulfide detection platform were investigated, offering crucial insights for the study of fluorescence properties of metal nanoclusters and the prevention and control of hydrogen sulfide pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" 17","pages":" 3561-3569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}