材料科学最新文献

{"title":"Role of 5-HT in the enteric nervous system and enteroendocrine cells.","authors":"Nick J Spencer, Damien J Keating","doi":"10.1111/bph.15930","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bph.15930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the 1950s, considerable circumstantial evidence had been presented that endogenous 5-HT (serotonin) synthesized from within the wall of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract played an important role in GI motility and transit. However, identifying the precise functional role of gut-derived 5-HT has been difficult to ascertain, for a number of reasons. Over the past decade, as recording techniques have advanced significantly and access to new genetically modified animals improved, there have been major new insights and major changes in our understanding of the functional role of endogenous 5-HT in the GI tract. Data from many different laboratories have shown that major patterns of GI motility and transit still occur with minor or no, change when all endogenous 5-HT is pharmacologically or genetically ablated from the gut. Furthermore, antagonists of 5-HT₃ receptors are equally, or more potent at inhibiting GI motility in segments of intestine that are completely depleted of endogenous 5-HT. Here, the most recent findings are discussed with regard to the functional role of endogenous 5-HT in enterochromaffin cells and enteric neurons in gut motility and more broadly in some major homeostatic pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":6,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","volume":" ","pages":"471-483"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40525099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective and Stable Ethanol Synthesis via Electrochemical CO2 Reduction in a Solid Electrolyte Reactor","authors":"Tae-Ung Wi, Zachary H Levell, Shaoyun Hao, Ahmad Elgazzar, Peng Zhu, Yuge Feng, Feng-Yang Chen, Wei Ping Lam, Mohsen Shakouri, Yuanyue Liu, Haotian Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.4c03091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c03091","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical CO₂ reduction to ethanol faces challenges such as low selectivity, a product mixture with liquid electrolyte, and poor catalyst/reactor stability. Here, we developed a grain-rich zinc-doped Cu₂O precatalyst that presented a high ethanol Faradaic efficiency of over 40% under a current density of 350 mA·cm^–2. Our density functional theory (DFT) simulation suggested that Zn atoms inside the structure have a greater carbophilicity than the Cu atoms to help facilitate *CHCHO formation, a key reaction intermediate toward ethanol instead of other C₂ products. A high Faradaic efficiency ratio between ethanol and ethylene (FE_EtOH/FE_C2H4) reached 2.34 in the zinc-doped Cu₂O precatalyst, representing an over 4-fold improvement compared to bare Cu₂O precatalyst. By integrating this Cu-based catalyst into a porous solid electrolyte (PSE) reactor with a salt-managing design, we achieved stable ethanol production for over 180 h under a current density of 250 mA·cm^–2 while maintaining ethanol selectivity at ∼30%.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-doped ruthenium with good interfacial environment achieving superior hydrogen evolution activity under alkaline condition","authors":"Qun He, Yuzhu Zhou, Li-Hui Mou, Chuanqiang Wu, Daobin Liu, Binghui Ge, Jun Jiang, Li Song","doi":"10.1039/d4ee05356g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee05356g","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalytic water splitting, a promising alternative to fossil fuels, has substantial potential for hydrogen generation. However, developing efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) faces challenges, especially in alkaline environments due to slow kinetics. Herein, we report the supported ruthenium particles with iron alloying (RuFe/FeNC) as an effective HER catalyst under alkaline conditions. RuFe/FeNC demonstrates an ultralow overpotential of 9.3 mV and a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 1.35 H2 s-1 at -0.025 VRHE, obviously surpassing the benchmark 20% Pt/C. Our analysis, employing techniques such as electrochemistry, in-situ spectroscopies, density functional theory, and ab initio molecular dynamics, shows that Fe sites modulate the electrode-electrolyte interface microstructure effectively. This modulation increases H-down interfacial water molecules, weakening hydrogen-bond interactions over the catalyst surface, enhancing water dissociation at Ru sites. Additionally, it creates electron-rich Ru sites and electron-deficient Fe sites. Ru sites optimize hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy, acting as proton aggregators, while Fe sites collect hydroxides, mitigating adverse site blocking effects on Ru sites. Integrating these factors is crucial for RuFe/FeNC's high HER activity, offering a new perspective on enhancing HER performance by controlling interfacial structure through doping.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favorable Contact with Low Interfacial Resistance for n-Type TiCoSb-Based Thermoelectric Devices","authors":"Ajay Kumar Verma, Kishor Kumar Johari, Shamma Jain, Pargam Vashishtha, Billy James Murdoch, Chaitali Dekiwadia, Yoshit Tiwari, Sanjay R. Dhakate, Sumeet Walia, Bhasker Gahtori","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c18148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c18148","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop efficient half-Heusler (HH) based thermoelectric (TE) materials. However, their practical applications remain limited due to various challenges occurring during the fabrication of TE devices, particularly the development of stable contacts with low interfacial resistance. In this study, we have made an effort to explore a stable contact material with low interfacial resistance for an n-type TiCoSb-based TE material, specifically Ti_0.85Nb_0.15CoSb_0.96Bi_0.04 as a proof of concept, using a straightforward facile synthesis route of spark plasma sintering. We tested many metals with compatible coefficients of thermal expansion to TiCoSb, like Fe and Co. Still, we failed to form proper atomic bonds with the TE material. In contrast, Ti metal bonded correctly but showed very high electrical contact resistance (∼300 mΩ at one side), reducing performance due to Ti diffusion and a high potential barrier at the interface. This issue was addressed by highly doped semiconductor (HDS) contact Ti_0.7Nb_0.3CoSb, which matched the TE material in terms of atomic bonding, crystal structure, and stability. The leg with the HDS contact demonstrated superior electronic transport performance and low interface resistance (∼15 mΩ at one side), achieving a maximum output power of 30.7 mW at Δ<i>T</i> = 451 K due to the sharp interface with a low barrier height. These findings suggest that using HDS material as a contact with the same HH TE material would be an effective way to develop a TE device with low interface resistance and high thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Improvement of Narrow Bandgap PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells through Surface Ligand Engineering, Near-Infrared Spectral Matching, and Enhanced Electrode Transparency","authors":"Anjali Sharma, Dipak Dattatray Shinde, Chandan Mahajan, Neha V. Dambhare, Arindam Biswas, Anurag Mitra, Vrushali S. Girade, Arup K. Rath","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c22334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c22334","url":null,"abstract":"The tunability of the energy bandgap in the near-infrared (NIR) range uniquely positions colloidal lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) as a versatile material to enhance the performance of existing perovskite and silicon solar cells in tandem architectures. The desired narrow bandgap (NBG) PbS QDs exhibit polar (111) and nonpolar (100) terminal facets, making effective surface passivation through ligand engineering highly challenging. Despite recent breakthroughs in surface ligand engineering, NBG PbS QDs suffer from uncontrolled agglomeration in solid films, leading to increased energy disorder and trap formation. The limited NIR transparency of commonly used indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and inadequate NIR radiation from commercially available solar simulators further compromise the true performance of NBG PbS QDs in solar cells. Here, we employ a hybrid ligand strategy based on inorganic cadmium halide and organic thiol molecules, leading to the partial substitution of surface Pb atoms with Cd heteroatoms. This hybrid ligand strategy substantially reduces undesired QD fusion in solid films, improving the photophysical and electronic properties. By modulating the thickness of the ITO layer and managing refraction loss through a ZnO layer coating, we improved NIR transparency to above 80%. We combine an NIR light source with a solar simulator to achieve near-ideal spectral matching for a broader range with standard AM1.5G illumination. Enhancements in surface passivation of QDs, improvements in NIR transparency of electrodes, and a spectral matched light source setup help us achieve solar cell power conversion efficiencies of 12.4%, 4.48%, and 1.37% under AM 1.5G, perovskite filter, and silicon filter illuminations, respectively. A record open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc) of 0.54 V and short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc) of 38.5 mA/cm² are achieved under AM 1.5G illumination. We attribute these advancements in photovoltaic parameters to the reduction in Urbach tail states and intermediate trap density originating from superior surface passivation of QDs.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sulfur fixation mechanisms of COS and SO2 on perfect and defect surfaces of CaO (001) investigated by DFT combined with XPS","authors":"Yong Li, Huiqing Guo, An Yan, Tong Shi, Yanqiu Lei, Fenrong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162427","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Erdos (ED) coal with high inorganic sulfur content was selected to investigate the sulfur fixation mechanisms of COS and SO₂ on CaO (001) perfect and defective surfaces by Density functional theory (DFT) combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Pyrolysis and gas chromatography (Py-GC) was used to analyze the release behaviors of COS and SO₂ during coal pyrolysis. XPS proves that CaS and CaSO₄ peaks significantly increase after the co-pyrolysis of ED coal and CaO. The electronic structure analysis reveals that the O vacancy belongs to a strong electron-donator, indicating O vacancy would facilitate the stable adsorption of COS and SO₂ on this surface. The most possible sulfur fixation Path of COS would occur on the O vacancy surface accompanied by the formation of CaS and CO. However, SO₂ would be more inclined to be fixed in the form of sulfates similar to calcium sulfate on perfect and defective surfaces. These DFT calculation results are consistent with the experimental results. Thus, this study could provide theoretical support for the sulfur fixation mechanisms on the different surfaces of CaO (001) and for the improvement of the CaO sulfur-fixing agents.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated discovery of nanostructured high-entropy and multicomponent alloys via high-throughput strategies","authors":"Changjun Cheng, Yu Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101429","url":null,"abstract":"Nanostructured materials (NsMs) exhibit many interesting and useful properties; yet they are generally unstable at elevated temperatures limiting their process methods and applications. Many emerging alloys, especially high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and related multicomponent alloys, are reported to offer enhanced thermal stability and mechanical strength. The identification of such multicomponent alloys out of a vast compositional space, however, is a daunting task – many are predominantly developed through sequential and time-consuming trial-and-error approaches. Thus, high-throughput strategies are urgently needed to accelerate the discovery of useful nanostructured HEAs (Ns-HEAs). As the fields of Ns-HEAs and high-throughput methods are developing rapidly, an avenue of research is to be exploited. This review focuses on the literature on the high-throughput fabrication, characterization, and testing of the structures, compositions, mechanical properties, and thermal stabilities of a wide range of Ns-HEAs reported over the past two decades. This article also includes recent high-throughput methods that could be potentially used for Ns-HEAs and HEA systems that could potentially be fabricated into Ns-HEAs. Moreover, we review various high-throughput data analysis methods, including theoretical screening, simulation, and machine learning. The article concludes with progress, challenges, and opportunities about the future directions in the accelerated discovery of Ns-HEAs via high-throughput methodologies.","PeriodicalId":411,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Materials Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":37.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position Optimization of Bulky Tetraphenylsilane in Multiple Resonance Molecules for Highly Efficient Narrowband OLEDs","authors":"Jue‐Yao Bai, Jun‐Yu Liu, Zhen Zhang, Yi‐Hui He, Guo‐Wei Chen, Yan‐Chun Wang, Hao‐Ze Li, Feng‐Ming Xie, Jian‐Xin Tang, Yan‐Qing Li","doi":"10.1002/smll.202409328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409328","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple resonance (MR)‐type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have garnered significant interest due to their narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and high electroluminescence efficiency. However, the planar structures and large singlet‐triplet energy gaps (Δ<jats:italic>E</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub>s) characteristic of MR‐TADF molecules pose challenges to achieving high‐performance devices. Herein, two isomeric compounds, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐TPS‐BN and <jats:italic>m</jats:italic>‐TPS‐BN, are synthesized differing in the connection modes between a bulky tetraphenylsilane (TPS) group and an MR core. This strategy aims to suppress intermolecular interactions, reduce Δ<jats:italic>E</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub> values, and investigate how connection positions influence photoelectric properties. Both compounds exhibit remarkably small Δ<jats:italic>E</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub> values (0.08–0.09 eV) and high internal quantum yields (95.0–97.8%). Notably, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐TPS‐BN demonstrates a faster reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) with a rate constant of 2.54 × 10⁵ s⁻¹, attributed to its optimal long‐range charge transfer (LRCT) process. A narrowband device employing <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐TPS‐BN achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency of 35.8% with an FWHM of 36 nm. This work offers an effective framework for studying structure‐property relationships in MR molecules, paving the way for the development of high‐efficiency electroluminescent devices.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of Large Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Layered (NdNiO3)n:NdO Films at High Temperatures","authors":"Yanan Zhao, Yufei Yao, Ping Li, Zhilu Ye, Minye Yang, Zicong Zhou, Guannan Yang, Lin Han, Zidong Wang, Yan Zhou, Jingrui Li, Haixia Liu, Guohua Dong, Bin Peng, Qian Li, Zhixin Guo, Ming Liu","doi":"10.1002/adma.202415426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202415426","url":null,"abstract":"Large low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR, &lt; 1 T), related to the spin-disorder scattering or spin-polarized tunneling at boundaries of polycrystalline manganates, holds considerable promise for the development of low-power and ultrafast magnetic devices. However, achieving significant LFMR typically necessitates extremely low temperatures due to diminishing spin polarization as temperature rises. To address this challenge, one strategy involves incorporating Ruddlesden–Popper structures (ABO₃)<i>_n</i>:AO, which are layered derivatives of perovskite structure capable of potentially inducing heightened magnetic fluctuations at higher temperatures. Here, a remarkable LFMR of up to 1.0×10³% is obtained in the layered (NdNiO₃)<i>_n</i>:NdO films with a high and wide temperature range (190–240 K). This finding underlines that the layered (NdNiO₃)<i>_n</i>:NdO (<i>n</i> = 1) structure show a complex magnetic structure above T_MI of perovskite NdNiO₃, where small ferromagnetic domains are embedded in the antiferromagnetic domains, raising the tunneling barriers and magnetic fluctuations at high temperatures. Furthermore, applying a low magnetic field (&lt;0.1 T) near T_MI effectively mitigates the disruption of antiferromagnetic order structures at boundaries, then a higher temperature is required to break the inhibition of ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition. The results contribute significantly to the advancement of magnetic devices capable of achieving substantial LFMR at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric Cancer Models Developed via GelMA 3D Bioprinting Accurately Mimic Cancer Hallmarks, Tumor Microenvironment Features, and Drug Responses","authors":"Mingguang Ju, Zhizhong Jin, Xue Yu, Caihao Huang, Yanshu Li, Ziming Gao, He Li, Haibo Huang, Chen Zheng, Shiheng Jia, Yixiao Zhang, Xiaofang Liu, Heng Zhou, Xing Zhang, Kai Li","doi":"10.1002/smll.202409321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409321","url":null,"abstract":"Current in vitro models for gastric cancer research, such as 2D cell cultures and organoid systems, often fail to replicate the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) found in vivo. For the first time, this study utilizes a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, a biomimetic ECM-like material, in 3D bioprinting to construct a physiologically relevant gastric cancer model. GelMA's tunable mechanical properties allow for the precise manipulation of cellular behavior within physiological ranges. Genetic and phenotypic analyses indicate that the 3D bioprinted GelMA (3Db) model accurately mimics the clinical tumor characteristics and reproduces key cancer hallmarks, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and the Warburg effect. Comparisons of gene expression and drug responses between the 3Db model and patient-derived xenograft models, both constructed from primary gastric cancer cells, validate the model's clinical relevance. The ability of the 3Db model to closely simulate in vivo conditions highlights its crucial role in identifying treatment targets and predicting patient-specific responses, showcasing its potential in high-throughput drug screening and clinical applications. This study is the first to report the pivotal role of GelMA-based 3D bioprinting in advancing gastric cancer research and regenerative medicine.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}