FlatChem最新文献

{"title":"Strategic attenuation of carbon footprint: Exploring the exciting potential of ultrathin structured photocatalysts for CO2 reduction†","authors":"Muhammad Asjad Afzal ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zeeshan Abid ,&nbsp;Khalid Aljohani ,&nbsp;Bassam S. Aljohani ,&nbsp;Khezina Rafiq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ashhad Afzal ,&nbsp;Abdul Rauf ,&nbsp;Ejaz Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing CO₂ emission is a challenging and pressing issue that needs to be resolved immediately. Although, there have been reported many approaches to control on CO₂, but most reliable solution is conversion of CO₂ into valuable hydrocarbon products. In order to achieve this goal (CO₂ reduction), researchers have focussed to synthesize ultrathin structured materials having unique catalytic chracteristics. However, our assessment indicated that most of the reports are unclear regarding their claim of catalytic efficiencies. Due to ambiguity in reported protocols, numerous significant concerns have been pointed out by many young researchers. This is the reason, there is huge uncertainty regarding the reported catalytic efficiencies. Current study has explored the recent and progressive research on ultrathin structured photocatalysts for CO₂ reduction. This work highlights the important catalysts that have been excessively used for catalytic conversion of CO₂ into useful products. For example, various kinds of ultrathin photocatalysts like 1D nanotubes, rods, wires and ribbons, 2D plates, nanosheets, and 3D architectures have been evaluated and discussed. Additionally, we have evaluated the important scientific techniques and methodologies that have been generally used to obtain better efficiencies. These approaches include structural engineering, use of dopants, role of vacancies, activity relationships, defects in crystal facets, structural alteration and developments of heterojunctions. All aforementioned approaches have been utilized to enhance CO₂ reduction into its useful substitutes. This review provides a comprehensive overview for the readers working on targeted and ultrathin structured photocatalysts. Moreover, this study evaluates the significant strategies used for CO₂ abatement. On the basis of assessment and evaluation, it has been concluded that current study holds promise to deliver advanced information for the readers and researchers working in similar areas and applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective photocatalytic behaviour of tungsten disulphide (WS2) with multi and fewer layers for degradation of methylene blue","authors":"Lizzie Mampane ,&nbsp;Bulelwa Ntsendwana ,&nbsp;William Moloto ,&nbsp;Sivuyisiwe Mapukata ,&nbsp;Themba Ntuli ,&nbsp;Nosipho Moloto ,&nbsp;Lucky Sikhwivhilu","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tungsten disulphide nanosheets (WS₂) nanosheets have an exceptional ability to degrade hazardous organic pollutants due to strong UV and visible light absorption. Hence, WS₂ nanosheets, which exhibited varying layers, were synthesized to study the influence of the number of layers and colour on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The synthesized WS₂ multi and few-layer layers were systematically characterized to determine structural, morphological, and optical properties. The as-synthesized materials were tested as photocatalysts toward the degradation of methylene blue (MB) as a target pollutant in simulated water. The multi-layered WS₂ and few-layered WS₂ exhibited strong photocatalytic activity, with 99 % MB degradation efficiency in less than 30 min at pH 10.3. However, the few-layered WS₂ demonstrated high stability after the fourth run, with an efficiency of more than 90 % and a decrease of 4 %. It was concluded that few-layered WS₂ nanosheets are ideal photocatalyst materials due to the enhanced light absorption, recyclability, and photocatalytic activity in comparison with multi-layered WS₂ nanosheets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100872"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving enhanced capacitance retention in an extended potential window for pristine co-HAB metal-organic framework supercapacitors","authors":"F.Z. Amir,&nbsp;J.C. Willier","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>2D conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered attention as new functional materials for energy storage devices due to their high porosity, large surface area, structural tailorability, and versatile functionality. However, their generally low conductivity has hindered their application in device applications. Herein, we present an innovative solution-processable method for the fabrication of high-performance pristine cobalt hexaaminobenzene (Co-HAB) metal-organic framework (MOF) supercapacitors. The Co-HAB electrodes were effectively deposited onto nickel foam substrates using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The EPD induced a layer-by-layer assembly mechanism for the Co-HAB nanosheets, which resulted in a binder free MOF-based symmetric supercapacitor that demonstrated superior electrochemical performance in a wide potential window of 0.0–1.2 V. Notably, the obtained Co-HAB MOF supercapacitors exhibited an impressive conductivity, operating at ultra-high charge-discharge rates of up to 4000 mV s⁻¹, and achieved an outstanding areal specific capacitance of 13.77 mF cm⁻². Furthermore, the Co-HAB supercapacitors exhibited remarkable long-term cycling stability, with 105 % of capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles, marking the best retention reported for an MOF to date. The outstanding performance of the Co-HAB supercapacitor can be attributed to the binder-free EPD process and the conductive 2D MOF nanosheets featuring abundant nanopores, which facilitate efficient electron transfer and fast ion diffusion. These encouraging results suggest a promising avenue for exploring pristine conductive MOFs as functional materials for high-performance supercapacitors and other energy storage solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100869"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of bio-graphite from waste coffee grounds via catalytic graphitization for sustainable Lithium ion batteries anodes","authors":"JeongA Kim,&nbsp;Donghyeon Yu,&nbsp;Daeup Kim,&nbsp;Jungpil Kim,&nbsp;Junghoon Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a sustainable approach to synthesizing carbon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using waste coffee grounds. Two types of carbon were prepared: disordered hard carbon (C-HC) via direct carbonization, and highly crystalline graphite-like carbon (C-AG) through iron-catalyzed graphitization at 1500 °C. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the successful transformation from disordered to graphitic carbon. The interlayer spacing decreased from 3.52 Å (C-HC) to 3.36 Å (C-AG), and the I_D/I_G ratio dropped from 1.20 to 0.05, indicating enhanced crystallinity and reduced defect density. C-AG exhibited a high reversible capacity of 286 mAh g⁻¹ and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.5 %, attributed to lithium intercalation through the staging mechanism in well-aligned graphene layers. In contrast, C-HC showed a lower capacity of 156 mAh g⁻¹ and an efficiency of 73.9 %, with lithium mainly stored at surface defects and disordered regions. Despite its lower capacity, C-HC demonstrated superior rate performance, retaining 58.0 % of its capacity at 1000 mA g⁻¹, compared to 18.6 % for C-AG. These results reveal a trade-off between structural crystallinity and rate capability, providing insights into the structure-property relationship in biomass-derived carbon anodes. This work demonstrates the feasibility of catalytic graphitization as a pathway to convert biowaste into high-performance graphite materials for energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From graphene to MXenes: Harnessing the power of 2D materials for enhanced sodium-ion battery performance","authors":"Manjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Piyush Sharma ,&nbsp;Rameez Mir ,&nbsp;Kamalpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Ram K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Akshay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the quest for sustainable energy storage solutions, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources. Among the key factors influencing the performance of SIBs, the choice of electrode materials stands out as a critical determinant. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention in this regard owing to their unique properties and tunable characteristics. This comprehensive review delves into recent advancements in the application of various 2D materials for sodium-ion battery technologies. Specifically, we explore the utilization of graphene, phosphorene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and MXenes as electrode materials in SIBs. Through an in-depth analysis of the synthesis methods, structural properties, and electrochemical performance of these materials, this paper provides valuable insights into their potential for enhancing the energy storage capabilities of sodium-ion batteries. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with the practical implementation of 2D materials in SIBs are discussed, along with perspectives on future research directions aimed at realizing efficient and scalable sodium-ion battery technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient charge-carrier separation in vanadium-based MXene ternary heterostructure with enhanced photoelectrocatalytic properties","authors":"Daniel Muvengei Mwangangi ,&nbsp;Thollwana Andretta Makhetha ,&nbsp;Jane Catherine Ngila ,&nbsp;Langelihle Nsikayezwe Dlamini","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tungsten trioxide (WO₃) and zinc indium sulfide (ZnIn₂S₄) are among photocatalysts with excellent light absorption properties. However, single photocatalyst suffers from rapid charge carrier recombination. For improved photoelectrocatalytic properties, herein, we report fabrication of a novel S-scheme ternary heterostructure (V₂CT_x@WO₃/ZnIn₂S₄). Due to the high electrical conductivity of V₂CT_x MXene, its presence in the heterostructure offers efficient charge transfer kinetics at the interface. Monoclinic WO₃ and cubic ZnIn₂S₄ were confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy including crystallite size and micro-strain. Ternary composites demonstrated red shift in light absorption wavelength, with band gap energies as low as 1.58 eV compared to 2.21 for ZnIn₂S₄ and 2.55 eV for WO₃. Photoluminescence and electron impedance spectroscopy demonstrated effective charge separation with low charge transfer resistance by the ternary composite (5 % VWZ). Work functions for ZnIn₂S₄ (6.68 eV), WO₃ (7.08 eV), and V₂CT_x (8.70 eV) confirmed the creation of an internal electric field at the interface of the semiconductors. Electron migration occurred from ZnIn₂S₄ to WO₃ due to changes in binding energies as indicated by XPS data confirming S-scheme heterostructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100865"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into diffusion-controlled 2D WSe2 growth via chemical vapor deposition in confined spaces","authors":"Yebin Lee ,&nbsp;Naechul Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in electronic and optoelectronic devices. While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a primary technique for producing large-area monolayer TMDs, the use of metal oxide precursors with high melting points presents various synthetic limitations. As an alternative, metal salt-based precursors have emerged due to their water solubility and low melting points. However, challenges remain in obtaining high-quality TMDs from these liquid precursors to, largely due to a limited understanding of the precursor diffusion process. Here, we present a systematic study on spin-coated precursor-based CVD growth of WSe₂ in confined spaces, demonstrating a significant enhancement in the uniformity of domain size and number density through regulated precursor diffusion achieved by substrate covering. Furthermore, we show that microscopic precursor diffusion, both within and beyond the flake edges, influences edge morphologies and local optical emission properties. These findings provide valuable insights into the fabrication of large-area TMD monolayers, which hold promise for electronic and optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular caffeine electrode for hydrogen production using two or three electrode configurations in sulphuric acid electrolyte solution on a graphite's surface","authors":"Dieketseng Tsotetsi ,&nbsp;Tumelo Seadira ,&nbsp;Olayemi J. Fakayode ,&nbsp;Mayetu Segale ,&nbsp;Bakang Mothudi ,&nbsp;Pontsho Mbule ,&nbsp;Mokhotjwa Dhlamini","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The surface modification of graphite electrodes for hydrogen production using caffeine was investigated in sulphuric acid electrolyte. Characterization of both the graphite and the modified graphite with caffeine was conducted using FTIR, TGA, and SEM techniques. Additionally, an evaluation of hydrogen production was carried out using a direct current power supply set at various voltages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 <em>V</em>) and with an Autolab Workstation for cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear scan voltammetry (LSV) and chronoamperometric analyses. A hydrogen evolution current of density of −1000 mA/cm² corresponding to −0.65 <em>V</em> (vs RHE) and 6.36 mA/cm² corresponding to 9.803 V (vs RHE) were achieved under two-electrode chronoamperometric evaluations and direct current power supply set-up, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the dielectric properties of fluorinated graphene","authors":"Zixuan Gou ,&nbsp;Weibin Xi ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Zekai Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinping Zhao ,&nbsp;Jin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Su","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid evolution of fifth-generation (5G) communication technology calls for next-generation packaging materials that not only excel in dielectric performance like dielectric constant and dielectric loss but push the demand for thermal stability. Here, we explore superhydrophobic fluorinated graphene (FG), revealing a remarkable combination of dielectric properties and thermal stability that make FG a standout candidate for electronic packaging in 5G applications. By fine-tuning the fluorine-to‑carbon (F/C) ratio in the FG, we have achieved a dielectric constant as low as 1.50 with an F/C ratio of 1.18, significantly lower than many conventional materials. Even more impressively, our FG exhibits an ultra-low dielectric loss of just 0.0037 at 10 MHz. Beyond its outstanding electrical performance, FG boasts exceptional thermal stability, with a decomposition temperature high to ∼500 °C, far surpassing standard polymers for packaging materials. Moreover, its hydrophobic nature remains stable in outdoor environments, cementing its reliability over time. With its low dielectric constant, minimal dielectric loss, high thermal resilience, and environmental durability, FG holds tremendous promise as a competitive candidate in advanced packaging materials for 5G technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100862"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of sensitive Mn@TiO2/RGO nanocomposite-based sensor for the detection of sunset yellow in food samples","authors":"Venkatachalam Vinothkumar ,&nbsp;Yellatur Chandra Sekhar ,&nbsp;Shen-Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Tae Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sunset yellow (SSY) is a synthetic azo dye that is widely employed in the food industries to improve the appearance, color, and texture of products. However, excessive usage of SSY could lead to toxicity and pathogenicity to human health and food safety. Hence, a reliable and sensitive electrochemical sensor for SSY detection in food samples is essential. In this study, we utilized a simple and cost-effective sonochemical methodology to fabricate Mn@TiO₂/RGO nanocomposite for the sensitive electrochemical detection of SSY. The crystallinity, composition, and morphology of the as-prepared Mn@TiO₂/RGO nanocomposite were analyzed using various systematic analytical techniques. The integration of Mn@TiO₂ and RGO nanoarchitecture demonstrated a high specific surface area, better conductivity, and outstanding synergistic effect that significantly enhanced the current response and electron transfer rate of the electrode material. The modified glassy carbon electrode with Mn@TiO₂/RGO/GCE achieved a dynamic linear range of 0.02–535.62 μM and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.028 μM in the determination of SSY using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Furthermore, the Mn@TiO₂/RGO/GCE sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity, stability, repeatability, and reproducibility in detecting SSY. The practicality of the fabricated sensor was also proved by successfully detecting trace levels of SSY in candy and mixed fruit juice samples with acceptable recoveries. This work introduces a low-cost and synergistic approach of cost-effective Mn@TiO₂ combined with RGO for analyzing food colorants in commercial products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100861"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}