物理最新文献

{"title":"Mesoporous octahedron laminar structure as an effective host for Li-S batteries","authors":"Pai Lv,&nbsp;Xin-wei Wang,&nbsp;Jian Li,&nbsp;Yan-yang Duan,&nbsp;Chun-peng Hui,&nbsp;Shun-hua Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08456-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08456-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For seeking an appropriate host in the fields of Li-S batteries, it is significant to innovate a host which load sufficient S element. It provides a space for interaction between Li and S elements. At meanwhile, it prevents the dissolution of intermediate polysulfides. In there, we report a prominent host that are synthesized by yttria (Y₂O₃), sulfur, and Ti₃C₂T_F by the methods of hydrothermal method and ball milling method. This structure can entrap and store sulfur elements timely. By combing these merits, composite with 63.42 wt% sulfur arrive a prominent initial discharge capacitance, has 1521.056 mAh g^− 1 at 1 A g^− 1, after 1000 cycles, still has 1175.15 mAh g^− 1, In comparison to this, composite with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) offers a greater initial discharge capacitance 1750.24 mAh g^− 1, experiences with 1000 cycles, still has 1576.24 mAh g^− 1, has 0.00995% capacitance delay per cycle, keeps 90.05% retention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-08456-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphase ferrofluid flow in a rotating system","authors":"Anupam Bhandari","doi":"10.1007/s12043-025-02924-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-025-02924-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current mathematical model investigates the unsteady flow of fluid–particle suspension and multiphase heat exchange in ferrofluid flow over a spinning and upward migrating disk under the constant Kelvin magnetisation force. The motion of the disk along the rotational axis slows its angular velocity, reducing the radial and circumferential motion of the fluid. Excluding the effect of suspended particles, vertical movement of the disk and the Kelvin magnetisation force, the current problem is reduced to the Von Karman rotating disk problem. Normalised nonlinear differential equations of the system are solved using the technique of finite elements. When a magnetic field is present, increasing the volume concentration of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in the flow increases velocity and temperature. The variation in both temperature and velocity of the suspended particles is greater than that of fluid. The magnetic fluid and magnetic particle radial velocities fall by approximately 7% and 6%, respectively, with an increase in the ferromagnetic interaction number (<i>β</i>₁). On the other hand, there was an approximate 4.5% increase in axial velocity. The radial and tangential components of particle velocities, and the particle temperature, are greatly decreased by increasing the vertical motion parameter. The particle's axial velocity does, however, increase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"99 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Footprint in fitting (Brightarrow D) vector form factor and determination for D-meson leading-twist LCDA","authors":"Sheng-Bo Wu,&nbsp;Hai-Jiang Tian,&nbsp;Yin-Long Yang,&nbsp;Wei Cheng,&nbsp;Hai-Bing Fu,&nbsp;Tao Zhong","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14275-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14275-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we fit the <span>(Brightarrow D)</span> vector transition form factor (TFF) by using the data measured by <i>BABAR</i> and Belle Collaborations within Monte Carlo (MC) method. Meanwhile, the <span>(Brightarrow D)</span> TFF is also calculated by using the QCD light-cone sum rules approach (LCSRs) within right-handed chiral current correlation function. In the TFF, <i>D</i>-meson leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) is the most important non-perturbative input parameter, the precise behavior of which is mainly determined by the parameter <span>(B_{2;D})</span> in the light-cone harmonic oscillator model. Through fitting the TFF, we determine the value <span>(B_{2;D}=0.445)</span>. Then, we present the curve of <i>D</i>-meson leading-twist LCDA in comparison with other theoretical approaches. Subsequently, the <span>(Brightarrow D)</span> TFF <span>(f_{+}^{BD}(q^2))</span> at the large recoil region is <span>(f_{+}^{BD}(0)=0.648_{-0.063}^{+0.067})</span>, which is compared in detail with theoretical estimates and experimental measurements. Furthermore, we calculated the decay width and branching fractions of the Cabibbo-favored semileptonic decays <span>(Brightarrow Dell ^+nu _{ell })</span>, which lead to the results <span>({mathcal {B}}(B^0rightarrow D^-ell ^+nu _{ell }) =(2.10_{-0.38}^{+0.44})times 10^{-2})</span> and <span>({mathcal {B}}(B^+rightarrow {bar{D}}^0ell ^+nu _{ell }) =(2.26_{-0.41}^{+0.48})times 10^{-2})</span>. Finally, we predict the CKM matrix element with two scenarios <span>(|V_{cb}|_{textrm{SR}}=41.55_{-4.50}^{+4.91}times 10^{-3})</span> and <span>(|V_{cb} |_{textrm{MC}}=41.47_{-2.66}^{+2.55 }times 10^{-3})</span> from <span>(B^0rightarrow D^-ell ^+nu _{ell })</span>, <span>(|V_{cb}|_{textrm{SR}}=40.54_{-3.80}^{+4.33}times 10^{-3})</span> and <span>(|V_{cb} |_{textrm{MC}}=40.46_{-1.38}^{+1.40}times 10^{-3})</span> from <span>(B^+rightarrow {bar{D}}^0ell ^+nu _{ell })</span> which are in good agreement with theoretical and experimental predictions.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14275-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QPOs tests and circular motions of charged particles around magnetized Bocharova–Bronnikov–Melnikov–Bekenstein black holes","authors":"Sardor Murodov,&nbsp;Ashfaque H. Bokhari,&nbsp;Javlon Rayimbaev,&nbsp;Bobomurat Ahmedov","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14298-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14298-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Testing gravity theories beyond General Relativity (GR) is crucial for a deeper understanding of fundamental physics, especially in the strong gravitational field regime around astrophysical compact objects. This work examines quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) generated by charged particles orbiting magnetized Bocharova–Bronnikov–Melnikov–Bekenstein (BBMB) black holes. We study charged particles’ circular orbits, deriving expressions for energy and angular momentum influenced by scalar and magnetic interactions, and investigate the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). Using the relativistic precession (RP) model, we derive the fundamental orbital, radial, and vertical frequencies of charged particle oscillations, highlighting deviations caused by conformal scalar and magnetic interactions. Our analysis shows that the conformally coupled scalar field significantly modifies the spacetime curvature, producing a repulsive gravitational effect that shifts stable orbits outward, thereby reducing the radial oscillation frequency. Using observational QPO data from well-known astrophysical sources-GRS 1915+105, GRO J1655-40, M82 X-1, and Sgr A*-we performed Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations to constrain black hole mass, scalar coupling, magnetic interaction, and orbital radius parameters. Our results reveal significant deviations from standard General Relativity predictions, offering clear evidence of scalar and magnetic field influences. These findings indicate that scalar and magnetic fields produce observable shifts in QPO frequencies, providing promising observational signatures to test alternative gravitational theories in extreme astrophysical environments.\u0000\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14298-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charm and bottom hadrons in hot hadronic matter","authors":"Santosh K. Das ,&nbsp;Juan M. Torres-Rincon ,&nbsp;Ralf Rapp","doi":"10.1016/j.physrep.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physrep.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy quarks, and the hadrons containing them, are excellent probes of the QCD medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, as they provide essential information on the transport properties of the medium and how quarks color-neutralize into hadrons. Large theoretical and phenomenological efforts have been dedicated thus far to assess the diffusion of charm and bottom quarks in the quark–gluon plasma and their subsequent hadronization into heavy-flavor (HF) hadrons. However, the fireball formed in heavy-ion collisions also features an extended hadronic phase, and therefore any quantitative analysis of experimental observables needs to account for the rescattering of charm and bottom hadrons. This is further reinforced by the presence of a QCD cross-over transition and the notion that the interaction strength is maximal in the vicinity of the pseudo-critical temperature. We review existing approaches for evaluating the interactions of open HF hadrons in a hadronic heat bath and the pertinent results for scattering amplitudes, spectral functions and transport coefficients. While most of the work to date has focused on <span><math><mi>D</mi></math></span>-mesons, we also discuss excited states as well as HF baryons and the bottom sector. Both the HF hadro-chemistry and bottom observables will play a key role in future experimental measurements. We also conduct a survey of transport calculations in heavy-ion collisions that have included effects of hadronic HF diffusion and assess its impact on various observables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":404,"journal":{"name":"Physics Reports","volume":"1129 ","pages":"Pages 1-53"},"PeriodicalIF":23.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser heat-mode micro-/nano-patterning of Ge3Sb2Te6 for tunable metasurfaces","authors":"Jiahao Chi,&nbsp;Kui Zhang,&nbsp;Haolin Dai,&nbsp;Zhihong Huang,&nbsp;Jinsong Wei,&nbsp;Yang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08620-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08620-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phase change material Ge₃Sb₂Te₆ has received much attention for the fabrication of dynamically tunable metasurfaces owing to the lower electromagnetic losses in the infrared spectral range for both the amorphous and crystalline states. However, fabricating Ge₃Sb₂Te₆-based subwavelength structures by traditional photolithography remains a high-cost and complex process. In this paper, micro-/nanopatterning of Ge₃Sb₂Te₆ through laser heat-mode lithography was achieved. The high resolution of ~ 100 nm was obtained on Ge₃Sb₂Te₆ thin film by optimizing the exposure and developing characteristics. No additional pattern transfer process was needed. Meanwhile, the wet-etching mechanism of Ge₃Sb₂Te₆ was elucidated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A Ge₃Sb₂Te₆-based tunable metasurface device with the electromagnetically induced transparency function was designed and prepared. The dimension error between the designed structure and the actual prepared structure was kept within 10 nm, which shows a high processing precision. It is a simple and effective solution for the preparation of dynamically tunable metasurface devices for infrared applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced low loss PCF-based SPR sensor for enhanced sensor length configurations flexibility with exceptional superior sensing performance capability","authors":"Amit Das,&nbsp;Md Abu Huraiya,&nbsp;Md. Ilias Rahman,&nbsp;Kisalaya Chakrabarti,&nbsp;Hitoshi Tabata,&nbsp;Sankar Ganesh Ramaraj,&nbsp;Mahmoud M. A. Eid,&nbsp;Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed,&nbsp;S. M. Abdur Razzak","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08602-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08602-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advanced low loss photonic crystal fibers (PCF) based Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the enhancement of the sensor length configurations flexibility is simulated with exceptional superior sensing performance capability. PCF-SPR sensors are widely recognized for their excellent light-guiding capabilities, making them highly suitable for precise biosensing applications. Enhancing sensitivity remains crucial, especially for applications demanding high accuracy, with confinement loss being a key factor influencing sensor performance. This paper presents an ultra-low-loss PCF-based SPR biosensor, designed for high-sensitivity refractive index (RI) detection in the range of 1.30 to 1.42. Using advanced Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, the sensor achieves a wavelength sensitivity (WS) of 11,000 nm/RIU, amplitude sensitivity (AS) of 1,524 RIU^− 1, and a figure of merit (FOM) of 275. Its single-core structure improves light confinement and analyte interaction, contributing to a remarkably low propagation loss of 0.00077 dB/cm. This enables adaptable sensor lengths without sacrificing performance, making it ideal for practical applications. With its robust design, high sensitivity, and low loss, the proposed biosensor is well-suited for a variety of bio-detection applications, including basic medical diagnostics and food safety analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Lorentz symmetry violation on the hadron fragmentation function","authors":"S. Mohammad Moosavi Nejad,&nbsp;A. Yeganeh","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14291-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14291-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different processes have been yet considered to investigate the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation and various bounds have been determined for the magnitude of Lorentz violation (LV) coefficients. In the present work we study, for the first time, the effect of Lorentz-violating terms on the fragmentation functions (FFs) of heavy mesons in two distinct cases correspondent to axial and vectorial nonminimal couplings in the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Our analytical results for heavy meson FFs in the framework of LV can be used to study the effect of Lorentz symmetry violation on hadron production processes in high energy colliders.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14291-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical optimization of the nano-scale oxidation process of WC-12Co particles and influence analysis on the coating performance of HVOF thermal spraying","authors":"Siyu Li,&nbsp;Chang Li,&nbsp;Haohao Mei,&nbsp;Xuan Wang,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu,&nbsp;Xing Han","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08606-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08606-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the spraying process, even if there is a protective gas, the WC powder will oxidize due to the presence of local oxygen. Therefore, based on finite element analysis software, the oxidation of WC-12Co particles during thermal spraying was revealed in this study, the particle oxidation degree was taken as the optimization objective, and the optimal process parameters were obtained based on GA-BP neural network optimization method. Two groups of process parameters were used to prepare the WC coating, respectively. The microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coating were compared by using various characterization methods. The results showed that the coating after optimization, the distribution of WC particles and Co bonding phase was more uniform, the surface pores and defects were less. Among them, the oxide content of the optimized coating is relatively low, with a mass percentage of only 3.67%. After optimization, a better bonding force was shown between the coating and the substrate, with the value reaching 141.7 N. In the artificial seawater corrosion test, the corrosion rate of the substrate was 0.32 mg·cm^− 2·^h−1, while the corrosion rate of the coating before optimization was 0.11 mg·cm^− 2·h^− 1. After optimization, the coating could significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the stainless-steel substrate. Meanwhile, it indicates that the numerical calculation in the early stage can accurately calculate the oxidation of particles during the spraying process. This study provides a theoretical basis in the field of stainless-steel surface strengthening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dusty plasma sheath with non-extensive electrons and an inhomogeneous magnetic field","authors":"Zakariae Eljabiri,&nbsp;Omar El Ghani,&nbsp;Ismael Driouch,&nbsp;Hassan Chatei","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06368-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06368-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we analyze the impact of the non-uniform magnetic field in the sheath of a complex plasma within the framework of a non-extensive distribution of electrons (<span>(qne 1)</span>). Our analysis reveals that the evolution of the magnetic field profile plays a significant role in the sheath formation by influencing the electric potential, density, and velocity of plasma species, as well as the dynamics of dust particles within the sheath. Through a careful comparison of simulation data from one-dimensional fluid models between two configurations: the inhomogeneous magnetic field and the uniform one, under various values of the <i>q</i>-parameter, we demonstrate the necessity of considering the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field in fluid models to accurately describe the structure of the sheath. In particular, the results show that when a non-uniform magnetic field is considered, the structure of the sheath changes significantly when <span>(q&lt;1)</span>. For instance, the inhomogeneous magnetic field, especially at low <i>q</i> values, demonstrates the ability to control and confine ions within the plasma sheath, while also reducing the presence of dust grains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}