物理最新文献

{"title":"On the two-loop BSM corrections to (hlongrightarrow gamma gamma ) in a triplet extension of the SM","authors":"Giuseppe Degrassi,&nbsp;Pietro Slavich","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13758-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13758-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We compute the two-loop BSM contributions to the <span>(hlongrightarrow gamma gamma )</span> decay width in the SM extended with a real triplet of <i>SU</i>(2). We consider scenarios in which the neutral components of doublet and triplet do not mix, so that the lighter neutral scalar <i>h</i> has (at least approximately) SM-like couplings to fermions and gauge bosons. We focus on the two-loop corrections controlled by the quartic scalar couplings, and obtain explicit and compact formulas for the <span>(h gamma gamma )</span> amplitude by means of a low-energy theorem that connects it to the derivative of the photon self-energy w.r.t. the Higgs field. We briefly discuss the numerical impact of the newly-computed contributions, showing that they may be required for a precise determination of <span>(Gamma [hrightarrow gamma gamma ])</span> in scenarios where the quartic scalar couplings are large.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13758-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of chiral transitions in the standard model","authors":"Holger Gies,&nbsp;Richard Schmieden,&nbsp;Luca Zambelli","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13689-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13689-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate nonperturbative aspects of the interplay of chiral transitions in the standard model in the course of the renormalization flow. We focus on the chiral symmetry breaking mechanisms provided by the QCD and the electroweak sectors, the latter of which we model by a Higgs-top-bottom Yukawa theory. The interplay becomes quantitatively accessible by accounting for the fluctuation-induced mixing of the electroweak Higgs field with the mesonic composite fields of QCD. In fact, our approach uses dynamical bosonization and treats these scalar fields on the same footing. Varying the QCD scale relative to the Fermi scale we quantify the mutual impact of the symmetry-breaking mechanisms, specifically the departure from the second order quantum phase transition of the pure Yukawa sector in favor of a crossover upon the inclusion of the gauge interactions. This allows to discuss the “naturalness” of the standard model in terms of a pseudo-critical exponent which we determine as a function of the ratio of the QCD and the Fermi scale. We also estimate the minimum value of the <i>W</i> boson mass in absence of the Higgs mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13689-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear stability of a time-dependent, spherically symmetric background in beyond Horndeski theory and the speed of gravity waves","authors":"S. Mironov,&nbsp;M. Sharov,&nbsp;V. Volkova","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13730-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13730-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We address a dynamical, spherically symmetric background in beyond Horndeski theory and formulate a set of linear stability conditions for high energy perturbation modes in the parity odd sector above an arbitrary solution. In this general setting we derive speeds of propagation in both radial and angular directions for the only dynamical degree of freedom in the parity odd sector. We also briefly comment on the propagation speeds of the parity even modes over a dynamical, spherically symmetric background. In particular, we demonstrate that the class of beyond Horndeski theories, which satisfy the equality of gravity waves’ speed to the speed of light over a cosmological background, feature gravity waves propagating at luminal speeds above a time-dependent inhomogeneous background as well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13730-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief study of the effects of magnesium divalent ions on the Dickerson DNA sequence at varying molar concentrations","authors":"Angad Sharma,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06000-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06000-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interaction of nucleic acids with metallic ions is crucial for DNA function. Mg²⁺ can bond directly or indirectly via water. We explored Mg²⁺ interaction with Dickerson DNA at varying Mg²⁺ concentrations with fixed NaCl concentration. Analysing the correlation function, we mapped Mg²⁺ density around DNA regions. We found that the Mg²⁺ interaction decreased with rising Mg²⁺ concentrations. Mg²⁺ also displayed a higher affinity for the Phosphate group over grooves. We explored the variation of stacking parameters by varying Mg²⁺ concentrations, indicating slight structural changes which have not been explored yet. Our study reflects that the Mg²⁺ concentrations had almost minimal impact on Dickerson-DNA structure, instead stabilizing it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective and sensitive detection of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions at optimized pH and analyzed for repeatability and reproducibility","authors":"Manasi Mahadik,&nbsp;Gajanan A. Bodkhe,&nbsp;Nikeshkumar Ingle,&nbsp;Harshada Patil,&nbsp;Mahendra Shirsat","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08235-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08235-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Present communication holds synthesized PANI-GO functionalized with EDTA (chelating ligand) (PANI-GO-EDTA) which possess octahedral geometry to catch up the heavy metal ions at specific pH. The synthesized composites were applied for detection of Pb (II) ions. The detection was carried out under different experimental conditions using differential pulse stripping voltammtry (DPSV). In this study the materials are studied to assess the repeatability, reproducibility and detection of heavy metal ions at another pH which was 4.5 for Pb ion. These results were discussed in detail which reflects that, present work holds superior sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability compare with earlier reported data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-body forces and Efimov physics in nuclei and atoms","authors":"Shimpei Endo,&nbsp;Evgeny Epelbaum,&nbsp;Pascal Naidon,&nbsp;Yusuke Nishida,&nbsp;Kimiko Sekiguchi,&nbsp;Yoshiro Takahashi","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01467-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01467-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review article presents historical developments and recent advances in our understanding on the three-body forces and Efimov physics, from an interdisciplinary viewpoint encompassing nuclear physics and cold atoms. Theoretical attempts to elucidate the three-body force with the chiral effective field theory are explained, followed by an overview of experiments aimed at observing signatures of the nuclear three-body force. Some recent experimental and theoretical works in the field of cold atoms devoted to measuring and engineering three-body forces among atoms are also presented. As a phenomenon arising from the three-body effect, Efimov physics in both cold atoms and nuclear systems is reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01467-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CADAIT: a code for automatic design and AI training of microbeam systems","authors":"Hongjin Mou,&nbsp;Yanlin Li,&nbsp;Can Zhao,&nbsp;Jinlong Guo,&nbsp;Shi An,&nbsp;Jingrui An,&nbsp;Donghui Jin,&nbsp;Junshuai Li,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaojun Liu,&nbsp;Guanghua Du","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05895-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05895-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A focused microbeam system with ion beams at MeV energies is a unique tool for material science, biomedical applications, and space risk evaluation. Microbeam system design traditionally relies on experienced knowledge of microbeam optics and many elaborate calculation procedures. In this work, an ion optics design code, CADAIT, is developed to design microbeam systems automatically. For a given microbeam layout, it allows for the automatic optimization of focusing conditions, the calculation of optical parameters, and the size of the focused beam through ray tracing. CADAIT enables the automatic optical design of microbeam layouts under input parameters and the selection of microbeam layouts with high performance. The accuracy of the CADAIT is verified with ion optics software packages (WinTRAX, Zgoubi, and FANM), which show good agreement. The evaluation of the performance of existing microbeam facilities with CADAIT and the application of CADAIT in the automatic design of a 12 MeV proton microbeam system are discussed. Thanks to its high efficiency in the optical design of microbeam systems, the CADAIT code is used to train artificial intelligence (AI) models for the intelligent design of microbeam systems with tremendous CADAIT-generated data. The artificial intelligence trained model, Artificial Intelligence Microbeam Producer (AIMP), is demonstrated to be capable of generating microbeam systems with superior performance and robust layouts within one minute. The above results show that CADAIT can significantly decrease the complexity and duration of microbeam optical design and prove the feasibility of intelligent microbeam design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(varLambda )CDM model against gravity-thermodynamics conjecture: observational constraints after DESI 2024","authors":"N. Shahhoseini,&nbsp;M. Malekjani,&nbsp;A. Khodam-Mohammadi","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13781-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13781-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture based on the Tsallis entropy-area relation, we investigate the standard <span>(varLambda )</span>CDM cosmology and examine some potential deviations from it. Utilizing recent updates from geometrical datasets, including the DESI BAO measurements (2024), Planck CMB anisotropy measurements (2018), and the Pantheon+ catalogue for SNIa (2022), we conduct a thorough analysis via the window of Tsallis cosmology. In the first step, our analysis reveals no significant deviation from the standard model when using DESI BAO data alone, Pantheon+ data alone, or a combination of both. In the next step, we incorporate all datasets by adding the CMB data to our analysis, indicating a potential deviation from the standard model within the framework of Tsallis cosmology. Imposing the Planck prior to the sound horizon at the baryon drag epoch, we observe support for the standard model and consistency between our constraints on the Hubble constant and the Planck value. Finally, we compare the Tsallis and <span>(varLambda )</span>CDM cosmologies using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13781-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shadows and accretion disk images of charged rotating black hole in modified gravity theory","authors":"He-Bin Zheng,&nbsp;Meng-Qi Wu,&nbsp;Guo-Ping Li,&nbsp;Qing-Quan Jiang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13791-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13791-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study the shadows and images of the accretion disk of Kerr–Newman (KN) black hole (BH) in modified gravity (MOG) theory by using the backward ray-tracing method. And, the influence of spin parameter (<i>a</i>), charge (<i>Q</i>), and MOG parameter (<span>(alpha )</span>) on the observed features of BHs are carefully addressed. Interestingly, as <span>(alpha )</span> increases, the flat edge of the BH’s shadow gradually becomes more rounded, the size of shadow enlarges, and the deviation rate (<span>(delta s)</span>) correspondingly decreases. By tracing the photon around BH, we observe that the trajectory of photon exhibits distortion behavior, i.e., the formation of two “tails” near the Einstein ring, which elongate as <i>a</i> increases. For the accretion disk, it shows that the inner shadow expands with <span>(alpha )</span>, while decreases with <i>Q</i>. The increase of <span>(alpha )</span> exhibits an increasing effect on redshift. At the same parameter level, <span>(alpha )</span> has a more obvious effect on inner shadow and image of BH by comparing with that of <i>Q</i>. Our study implies that both <span>(alpha )</span> and <i>Q</i> have relatively significant effects on the image of the KN-MOG BH with the thin disk accretion, but the influence of <span>(alpha )</span> is much greater. So, this indicates that <span>(alpha )</span> plays a dominant role in this spacetime.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13791-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermalization in Krylov basis","authors":"Mohsen Alishahiha,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Vasli","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13757-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13757-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study thermalization in closed non-integrable quantum systems using the Krylov basis. We demonstrate that for thermalization to occur, the matrix representation of typical local operators in the Krylov basis should exhibit a specific tridiagonal form with all other elements in the matrix being exponentially small, reminiscent of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Within this framework, we propose that the nature of thermalization, whether weak or strong, can be examined by the infinite time average of the Krylov complexity. Moreover, we analyze the variance of Lanczos coefficients as another probe for the nature of thermalization. One observes that although the variance of Lanczos coefficients may capture certain features of thermalization, it is not as effective as the infinite time average of complexity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13757-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}