物理最新文献

{"title":"Is directed percolation class for synchronization transition robust with multi-site interactions?","authors":"Manoj C. Warambhe,&nbsp;Prashant M. Gade","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00928-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00928-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coupled map lattice with pairwise local interactions is a well-studied system. However, in several situations, such as neuronal or social networks, multi-site interactions are possible. In this work, we study the coupled Gauss map in one dimension with 2-site, 3-site, 4-site and 5-site interaction. This coupling cannot be decomposed in pairwise interactions. We coarse-grain the variable values by labeling the sites above <span>(x^{star })</span> as up spin (+ 1) and the rest as down spin (– 1) where <span>(x^{star })</span> is the fixed point. We define flip rate <i>F</i>(<i>t</i>) as the fraction of sites <i>i</i> such that <span>(s_{i}(t-1) ne s_{i}(t))</span> and persistence <i>P</i>(<i>t</i>) as the fraction of sites <i>i</i> such that <span>(s_{i}(t')=s_{i}(0))</span> for all <span>(t' le t)</span>. The dynamic phase transitions to a synchronized state is studied above quantifiers. For 3 and 5 sites interaction, we find that at the critical point, <span>(F(t) sim t^{-delta })</span> with <span>(delta =0.159)</span> and <span>(P(t) sim t^{-theta })</span> with <span>(theta =1.5)</span>. They match the directed percolation (DP) class. Finite-size and off-critical scaling is consistent with DP class. For 2 and 4 site interactions, the exponent <span>(delta )</span> and behavior of <i>P</i>(<i>t</i>) at critical point changes. Furthermore, we observe logarithmic oscillations over and above power-law decay at the critical point for 4-site coupling. Thus multi-site interactions can lead to new universality class(es).</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annular photonic crystal biosensor for blood components and blood infections","authors":"Donia M. Nasr,&nbsp;Samia I. Mostafa,&nbsp;Mona A. El Naggar","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00970-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00970-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present work proposes an annular photonic crystal (APC) design that is adopted to distinguish and detect blood components. The proposed APC biosensor (APCB) is an accurate method of distinguishing healthy and infected blood constituents, namely platelets, plasma, haemoglobin, RBCs, and WBCs. The present work design consists of N cylindrical nanostructured binary layers with an air core, where a defect layer, <i>D,</i> is added to form (<i>P|Q)</i>^<i>N</i>/2<i>D(P|Q)</i>^<i>N</i>/2 design. The incident EMWs, in the near infrared region (NIR), are directed on the APC from a central axial antenna. The radial EMW propagation through the layers is simulated employing the well-established transfer matrix in cylindrical coordinates using MATLAB software. The proposed APCB parameters are initially determined by tuning the output transmission pulse peaks (TPPs) for <i>all</i> samples under investigation in the centre of the appropriate photonic band gap. Then, the biosensor sensitivity (S) is maximized by varying the defect layer thickness. Further performance enhancement is achieved by changing the nanostructured layers thicknesses. Moreover, the full-wave half-maximum (<i>FWHM)</i>, figure of merit (<i>FoM),</i> and quality factor (Q_<i>f</i>) are calculated to evaluate the biosensor performance. The proposed APCB performance is validated by introducing another type of sensitivity (<i>S’</i>) for the five infected blood component samples referring to their corresponding healthy ones. The present work reaches maximum sensitivities of: <i>S</i> = 707.5 nm/RIU for infected plasma and <i>S</i>′ = 708.5 nm/RIU for Hb. This work introduces an APCB capable of early detection of five blood components and their infections. The unhealthy conditions detected by the proposed biosensor are dengue virus, malaria, and possible leukaemia. The proposed APCB in this work exhibits higher S and Q_f when compared to recent literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical and thermodynamic crossovers in the supercritical region of a holographic superfluid model","authors":"Zi-Qiang Zhao,&nbsp;Zhang-Yu Nie,&nbsp;Jing-Fei Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Matteo Baggioli","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14149-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14149-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many physical systems, including classical fluids, present in their phase diagram the competition between two phases that are separated by a line of first-order phase transitions which terminates at a so-called critical point. Despite several proposals, in the supercritical region beyond the critical point, whether the two phases can still be distinguished and by which criterion remain open questions. In this work, we study the thermodynamics and linear dynamics of a holographic superfluid model with nonlinear potential terms in the supercritical region. We identify the presence of a dynamical crossover, akin to the liquid-like to gas-like Frenkel transition in supercritical fluids, and we define other separation lines of thermodynamic origin based on higher order derivatives of the free energy with respect to the charge density. Our results highlight the universal dynamical and thermodynamic features of supercritical systems from nuclear matter and classical fluids to superfluid systems.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14149-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dark boson mediated feeble interaction between dark matter (DM) and quark matter on f-mode oscillation of DM admixed quark stars","authors":"O. P. Jyothilakshmi,&nbsp;Lakshmi J. Naik,&nbsp;Debashree Sen,&nbsp;Atanu Guha,&nbsp;V. Sreekanth","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14109-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14109-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the behavior of the prominent non-radial fundamental <i>f</i>-mode oscillations of dark matter (DM) admixed strange quark stars (DMSQSs), by adopting an equation of state (EoS) developed in Ref. Sen and Guha (Mon Not R Astron Soc 517:518, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2675), which considers the possible presence of feebly interacting DM in strange quark stars (SQSs) for the first time. Within the model, feeble interaction between fermionic DM <span>(chi )</span> and strange quark matter (SQM) is invoked via a vector new physics mediator <span>(xi )</span> with coupling strength <span>(y_{xi })</span>. The pure SQM is described by the vector MIT Bag model. By varying different EoS parameters, the structural properties viz. the mass, radius and tidal deformability (<span>(Lambda )</span>) of the DMSQSs are studied with respect to various astrophysical constraints. We study in detail the <i>f</i>-mode spectra within the Cowling approximation by obtaining the frequencies as a function of mass, compactness and <span>(Lambda )</span> of the star. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first analysis of non-radial <i>f</i>-mode oscillations of DMSQSs. Our investigation indicates that the presence of DM and its interaction with SQM has great impact on the <i>f</i>-modes. We show that the <i>f</i>-mode frequencies are larger for DMSQSs, which are largely populated with massive DM fermions, compared to the SQSs. Further, we obtain a linear empirical relation between the <i>f</i>-modes and the average density of the star. We also find that the mass-scaled angular frequency varies universally with compactness and <span>(ln {Lambda })</span> for DMSQSs. Further, our studies indicate that the inclusion of DM in compact stars reduces the deviation of <i>f</i>-mode frequency from general relativistic to Cowling approximation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14109-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Gaussianity and entanglement swapping of two-mode entangled squeezed-coherent state","authors":"Shao-Hua Xiang,&nbsp;Yu-Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Zhen-Gang Shi","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06259-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06259-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the non-Gaussianity of two-mode entangled squeezed-coherent state by using an improved non-Gaussianity measure. It shows that the coherent amplitude and squeezing degree of two-mode entangled squeezed-coherent state have a distinct contribution to its non-Gaussianity. We also present a protocol of entanglement swapping based on two-mode entangled squeezed-coherent state. We can obtain two different classes of entangled states: two-mode entangled squeezed states and two-mode entangled coherent states, with the help of an intermediate partner. Finally, we discuss some practical implementation issues of our swapping scheme.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced-order Bopp-Podolsky model on the null-plane","authors":"Mario Bertin,&nbsp;Ronaldo Thibes","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06279-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06279-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the null-plane dynamics for a reduced-order version of the higher-derivatives Bopp-Podolsky generalized electrodynamics model. By introducing an auxiliary vector field, we achieve a simpler equivalent version with lower derivatives. The massive and massless modes for the Podolsky gauge field get split into two sectors. We describe the model in terms of light-front coordinates and, by choosing <span>(x^+)</span> as a natural evolution parameter, proceed to its null-plane dynamics analysis obtaining the whole constraints structure and canonical field equations. After a convenient constraints redefinition, we calculate the Dirac brackets corresponding to the second-class sector. Gauge invariance is preserved and, after elimination of second-class constraints, we obtain a consistent Abelian first-class theory for the reduced-order Bopp-Podolsky model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trackformers: in search of transformer-based particle tracking for the high-luminosity LHC era","authors":"Sascha Caron,&nbsp;Nadezhda Dobreva,&nbsp;Antonio Ferrer Sánchez,&nbsp;José D. Martín-Guerrero,&nbsp;Uraz Odyurt,&nbsp;Roberto Ruiz de Austri Bazan,&nbsp;Zef Wolffs,&nbsp;Yue Zhao","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14156-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14156-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-Energy Physics experiments are facing a multi-fold data increase with every new iteration. This is certainly the case for the upcoming High-Luminosity LHC upgrade. Such increased data processing requirements forces revisions to almost every step of the data processing pipeline. One such step in need of an overhaul is the task of particle track reconstruction, a.k.a., <i>tracking</i>. A Machine Learning-assisted solution is expected to provide significant improvements, since the most time-consuming step in tracking is the assignment of hits to particles or track candidates. This is the topic of this paper. We take inspiration from large language models. As such, we consider two approaches: the prediction of the next word in a sentence (next hit point in a track), as well as the one-shot prediction of all hits within an event. In an extensive design effort, we have experimented with three models based on the Transformer architecture and one model based on the U-Net architecture, performing track association predictions for collision event hit points. In our evaluation, we consider a spectrum of simple to complex representations of the problem, eliminating designs with lower metrics early on. We report extensive results, covering both prediction accuracy (score) and computational performance. We have made use of the REDVID simulation framework, as well as reductions applied to the TrackML data set, to compose five data sets from simple to complex, for our experiments. The results highlight distinct advantages among different designs in terms of prediction accuracy and computational performance, demonstrating the efficiency of our methodology. Most importantly, the results show the viability of a one-shot encoder-classifier based Transformer solution as a practical approach for the task of tracking. \u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14156-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inertial swimming in an Oldroyd-B fluid","authors":"N. Ali,&nbsp;M. Sajid","doi":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00485-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00485-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of fluid inertia on a self-propelling inextensible waving sheet in an Oldroyd-B fluid are examined. The swimming velocity of the sheet is calculated in the limit in which the amplitude of the waves propagating along the sheet is small relative to the wavelength of the waves. The rate of work done by the sheet is also calculated. It is found that the swimming speed decreases monotonically approaching a limiting value with increasing Reynolds number (<i>R</i>) for a Newtonian fluid. For an Oldroyd-B fluid, the swimming speed increases to a maximum and then decreases asymptotically to a limiting value with increasing <i>R</i>. In contrast, it increases monotonically to a limiting value with increasing <i>R</i> for a Maxwell fluid. The limiting value is highest for the Maxwell fluid and lowest for the Oldroyd-B fluid. The corresponding value for the Newtonian fluid lies in between. The rate of work done by the sheet increases with increasing Reynolds number for all Deborah numbers. However, the energy consumed at a fixed swimming speed is lesser for an Oldroyd-B fluid than that of a Newtonian fluid. These results suggest that contrary to the Newtonian case, the fluid inertia supports the swimming sheet motion in a complex fluid. At a particular Deborah number, the oscillation frequency of the sheet could be adjusted to achieve the maximum speed. Similarly, at a particular frequency of oscillation, the Deborah numbers could be adjusted to achieve the maximum speed. These observations are in sharp contrast with the previous results reported for Newtonian and second-order fluids.</p>","PeriodicalId":790,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal E","volume":"48 4-5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the EFT validity for Drell–Yan tails at the LHC","authors":"L. Allwicher,&nbsp;D. A. Faroughy,&nbsp;M. Martines,&nbsp;O. Sumensari,&nbsp;F. Wilsch","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14171-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14171-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we examine the validity range of the Effective Field Theory (EFT) description of high-energy Drell–Yan processes at the LHC. To this purpose, we consider explicit mediators that contribute to these processes in the <i>s</i>- and <i>t</i>-channels, comparing their effects in Drell–Yan distributions with the ones obtained by matching onto the corresponding EFT. We determine the conditions for the EFT results to accurately describe these scenarios. In particular, we explore the impact of including dimension-eight <span>((d=8))</span> operators in the faster convergence of the EFT series, at the analytical and numerical level, considering contributions to the cross section up to the square of <span>(d=8)</span> EFT operator insertions. Moreover, we discuss the possible implications of clipping LHC data and illustrate results for a specific New-Physics scenario motivated by low-energy flavor data.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14171-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximum power point tracking based on improved sliding mode control","authors":"Abdelkader Ouacel,&nbsp;Benalia M’hamdi,&nbsp;Tahar Benaissa,&nbsp;Abderrahmane Amari,&nbsp;Matilde Pietrafesa,&nbsp;Mario Versaci","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06264-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06264-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar energy is a renewable, sustainable and definitely inexhaustible supply of power, in contrast to fossil fuels. Photovoltaic systems provide the cleanest, economic production of energy. However, photovoltaic structures are faced with the problem of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and the need to provide the best of techniques that will operate efficiently in continuously varying atmospheric conditions. A novel MPPT algorithm based on sliding mode control for photovoltaic systems is proposed in this paper, to efficiently track maximum power under changing climate conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed MPPT algorithm, based on sliding mode control, is substantiated by a comparative study with three other methods, namely P&amp;O, GWO-based MPPT and PSO-based MPPT. On the basis of simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink software, the proposed method offers good tracking performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}