The European Physical Journal Plus最新文献

{"title":"Facile fabrication of NbTe2 doped with Ag via hydrothermal route for approaching the high performance toward supercapacitor applications","authors":"Kashan Ali Gillani,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Fallatah,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Abdulraheem S. A. Almalki,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Tahir Farid,&nbsp;Muhammad Aslam,&nbsp;Zeinhom M. El-Bahy","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06058-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06058-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Energy crisis and greenhouse effects are reaching alarming levels, the development of active materials that are both environment friendly and economically viable is essential for energy storing technologies. Currently, supercapacitors (SC_s) are a best type of energy storage devices that attained significant attention from scientists. The fabrication of composites using transition metal with chalcogenides possessed high specific capacitance, structural integrity, maximum energy efficiency, low cost, higher power density and energy density. The hydrothermal route was utilized to developed niobium telluride (NbTe₂) and silver-doped niobium telluride (Ag-NbTe₂). The Ag-NbTe₂ nanoflakes were examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify structural morphology of NbTe₂ nanoparticles incorporated inside transition metal (Ag) which demonstrated the nanoflakes morphology. The increased surface area of Ag-NbTe₂ was confirmed through the BET as computed value of pristine NbTe₂ was 21 cm² g⁻¹ and with silver doped (Ag-NbTe₂) was 51 cm² g⁻¹. The examination on energy storing devices by using 3 M KOH electrolyte to conduct electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanic charge–discharge and cyclic voltammetry experiments. Moreover, the fabricated material Ag-NbTe₂ nanoflakes displayed exceptional charge–discharge cycling characteristics, with specific capacitance (<i>C</i>_s) 1774 F g⁻¹ at current density (<i>j</i>_d) 1 A g⁻¹. By analyzing the EIS graph successfully identified the solution resistance (<i>R</i>_s) as 2.34 Ω with charge transfer resistance (<i>R</i>_ct) as 0.77 Ω. Further, results of our research provide a cost-efficient, highly effective and easily expandable approach for producing nanocomposites by hydrothermal techniques. This fabricated material exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance, making them highly suitable for utilization in supercapacitors (SC_s) and other energy storage devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric Penrose process and collisions of particles near five-dimensional weakly charged Schwarzschild black hole","authors":"Tursunali Xamidov,&nbsp;Mirzabek Alloqulov,&nbsp;Sanjar Shaymatov","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06137-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06137-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The particle dynamics and the electric Penrose process for the five-dimensional weakly charged Schwarzschild black hole are studied. Firstly, the horizon structure and the effective potential for the test particle are explored. The radial profile of the effective potential is plotted for different values of the BH charge. Then, we studied energy efficiency using the conservation laws for energy, angular momentum, and charge of particles. The appropriate plots were obtained and compared with the results for the four-dimensional Schwarzschild BH. Moreover, we obtained the constraints on mass and charge of black hole to accelerate protons of different energies (1-<span>(10^{9})</span> GeV). Finally, collisions of electrically charged particles near the horizon of the five-dimensional Schwarzschild BH are studied. We demonstrated the radial dependence of the center-of-mass energy for different values of the angular momentum and charge of the particles together with the BH charge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of parameter change on spin reversal in decorated nanoislands","authors":"Sheng Chen,&nbsp;Yanyi Wu,&nbsp;Xin Chang,&nbsp;Baohua Teng","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06134-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06134-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on transverse-field Ising model, we investigated the flipping phenomenon of a decorated nanoisland system with spin-1/2 using the decoupling approximation of Fermi-type Green’s function. The results reveal that, under the conditions of relatively weak surface exchange interaction <i>J</i>_<i>S</i><i>/J</i> and transverse-field <i>Ω/J</i>, the system exhibits spin reversal during the heating process. Decorative exchange interaction <i>J</i>_<i>D</i><i>/J</i> only affects the details of the phase transition properties, and the temperature at which spin reversal occurs can still be qualitatively analyzed based on the mean-field phase diagram.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SH wave in two-layered structure of functionally graded viscoelastic and monoclinic media under the influence of an interior point source","authors":"Nirakara Pradhan,&nbsp;Santanu Manna,&nbsp;Sapan Kumar Samal,&nbsp;Shalini Saha","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06086-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06086-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the propagation characteristics of SH-type waves originating from a point source situated at the interface of a unique structure comprising a functionally graded viscoelastic (FGV) layer of finite depth overlying a functionally graded monoclinic (FGM) half-space. The upper viscoelastic layer exhibits a hyperbolic gradient property in its material constants, while an exponential gradient property characterizes the lower monoclinic half-space. Employing the Fourier transform and Green’s function method to account for surface and interfacial boundary conditions, a dispersion relation for the SH-type waves is derived. The obtained dispersion relation for the gradient layered structures reveals a complex interplay between wave phenomena and material properties. Numerical analysis is performed to illustrate the theoretical results for various gradient parameter values, demonstrating a significant influence on dispersion curves, phase velocity, group velocity, and wave number. This understanding holds paramount importance for seismic imaging, geological resource exploration, and the design of resilient infrastructure, thereby fostering innovation in geophysics and engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning analysis of anomalous diffusion","authors":"Wenjie Cai,&nbsp;Yi Hu,&nbsp;Xiang Qu,&nbsp;Hui Zhao,&nbsp;Gongyi Wang,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Zihan Huang","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06138-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06138-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid advancements in machine learning have made its application to anomalous diffusion analysis both essential and inevitable. This review systematically introduces the integration of machine learning techniques for enhanced analysis of anomalous diffusion, focusing on two pivotal aspects: single trajectory characterization via machine learning and representation learning of anomalous diffusion. We extensively compare various machine learning methods, including both classical machine learning and deep learning, used for the inference of diffusion parameters and trajectory segmentation. Additionally, platforms such as the anomalous diffusion challenge that serve as benchmarks for evaluating these methods are highlighted. On the other hand, we outline three primary strategies for representing anomalous diffusion: the combination of predefined features, the feature vector from the penultimate layer of neural network, and the latent representation from the autoencoder, analyzing their applicability across various scenarios. This investigation paves the way for future research, offering valuable perspectives that can further enrich the study of anomalous diffusion and advance the application of artificial intelligence in statistical physics and biophysics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of kinetic freeze-out properties in different relativistic heavy-ion collision systems at (sqrt{s_{NN}}=200) GeV","authors":"Muhammad Waqas,&nbsp;Muhammad Ajaz,&nbsp;Jihane Ben Slimane,&nbsp;Murad Badshah,&nbsp;Haifa I. Alrebdi,&nbsp;Abd Al Karim Haj Ismail","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present our analysis of the identified hadrons (<span>(pi ^+)</span>, <span>(K^+)</span>, and <i>p</i>) kinetic freeze-out properties in relativistic collisions at <span>(sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200)</span> GeV. We analyze the transverse momentum spectra of these hadrons across various collision systems, such as copper–copper (<span>(Cu-Cu)</span>), zirconium–zirconium (<span>(Zr-Zr)</span>), ruthenium–ruthenium (<span>(Ru-Ru)</span>), uranium–uranium (<span>(U-U)</span>), and gold–gold (<span>(Au-Au)</span>) collisions, in distinct centrality intervals at the same center-of-mass energy using the modified Hagedorn model with embedded flow. The freeze-out parameters, namely the kinetic freeze-out temperature (<span>(T_0)</span>), transverse flow velocity (<span>(beta _T)</span>), and the entropy-related parameter (<i>n</i>), are extracted. Taking <span>(T_0)</span> and <span>(beta _T)</span> as common, it is observed that in all the above collisions, <span>(T_0)</span>, <span>(beta _T)</span>, and the parameter <i>n</i> diminish toward the periphery and are greater in central collisions. However, <span>(T_0)</span> in central collisions across all the systems remains unchanged, indicating a phase transition from hadronic matter to quark–gluon plasma. Furthermore, the temperature required for the phase transition across various systems is different. Large systems exhibit a shift in the potential start of the phase transition in peripheral collisions, which is intriguing. We also observe a direct relation between the extracted parameters and the system’s size.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dynamics insight into polymer adsorption on HOP graphene: influence of defects, configuration, and multi-walled structures","authors":"Xiaohui Ren,&nbsp;Yao Jiang","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06117-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06117-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations are employed to investigate the adsorption behavior of various polymer chains on the surface of hexagon–octagon–pentagon (HOP) graphene, a novel two-dimensional carbon material. This study focuses on polymers such as aramid and poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO), analyzing critical parameters including interaction energy and radius of gyration. The research examines factors such as nanotube length, radius, defect percentage, and the configuration of HOP graphene (armchair versus zigzag). Additionally, the effects of double-walled nanotubes and the influence of wall number on interaction energy are explored. The results show that interaction energy increases with nanotube length, radius, and the number of walls, while it decreases with higher defect percentages. Polymer type has minimal impact, with similar values for aramid and PPO in both armchair and zigzag configurations. Interaction energy is higher for zigzag HOP graphene than armchair, and in double-walled structures, zigzag in the inner layer enhances interaction energy more than armchair. The difference in interaction energy between armchair and zigzag decreases as the number of walls increases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing Soret, Dufour, and activation energy effects on heat and mass transfer thin film flow of an MHD Williamson ternary hybrid nanofluid over a non-Darcy porous stretching surface","authors":"Vishalkumar J. Prajapati,&nbsp;Ramakanta Meher","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06103-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06103-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the heat and mass transfer characteristics in the thin film flow of a radiative MHD Williamson ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF) over an unsteady permeable stretching surface. This study examines the combined effects of Soret and Dufour diffusion, activation energy, and non-uniform heat absorption or generation on fluid dynamics within a non-Darcy porous medium at the surface. The THNF consists of <i>Cu</i>, <span>(Al_2O_3)</span>, and <span>(TiO_2)</span> nanoparticles suspended in an ethylene glycol–water base fluid, chosen for its superior thermal conductivity, and enhanced heat transfer characteristics. The problem’s governing equations (PDEs) are transformed into a system of nonlinear ODEs using similarity transformations and solved using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The impacts of essential physical parameters on fluid velocity and temperature, nanoparticle concentration, skin friction coefficient, and heat and mass transfer rates are illustrated graphically and numerically. The heat transfer rate decreases with higher Dufour number values and increases with lower Soret number values. Conversely, the opposite behaviour is observed for mass transfer. Furthermore, a comparison investigation indicates that the THNF demonstrates markedly superior heat and mass transfer rates compared to binary hybrid and mono nanofluids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetra-Ball: design of a new type of extended energy range single-sphere neutron spectrometer","authors":"M. A. Caballero-Pacheco,&nbsp;R. Bedogni,&nbsp;L. Russo,&nbsp;D. Dashdondog,&nbsp;A. I. Castro-Campoy,&nbsp;J. M. Gomez-Ros,&nbsp;M. Costa,&nbsp;E. Durisi,&nbsp;E. Mafucci,&nbsp;V. Monti,&nbsp;A. Pietropaolo","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05949-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05949-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tetra-Ball (T-Ball) is a new type of extended energy range single-sphere neutron spectrometer. Compared to its predecessor, the SP², it reduces the number of sensors from 31 to 21. This is achieved with a tetrahedric disposition of the sensors. The polyethylene spherical moderator is 28 cm in diameter and includes a lead insert for the detection of neutrons above 10 MeV. This work describes the T-Ball design and calculates the response matrix considering four different irradiation geometries. The impact of anisotropy effects on the T-Ball spectrometric performance is investigated by simulation. Although this work does not cover the totality of the possible energy distributions and conditions of use, the results suggest that T-Ball could offer adequate spectrometric performance and a good isotropy in most operating scenarios in the high-energy field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring anomalous diffusion in ternary nanofluids: a Maxwell model incorporating viscous dissipation and Nield boundary bioconvection","authors":"Amar B. Patil,&nbsp;Vishwambhar S. Patil,&nbsp;Govind R. Rajput,&nbsp;Mahadev Biradar","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06131-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06131-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the impact of double diffusion in a Maxwell ternary nanofluid flow, incorporating the effects of internal friction dissipation and resistive heating over a stretched sheet with Nield boundary conditions. The study also addresses the role of activation energy and thermal radiation. This study investigates the impact of utilizing a combination of three nanofluids in contrast to the use of a single nanofluid. In this experiment, the base fluid is water, whereas copper <span>(left( {{text{Cu}}} right))</span>, titanium oxide <span>(left( {{text{TiO}}_{2} } right))</span>, and aluminium oxide <span>(left( {{text{Al}}_{{2}} {text{O}}_{{3}} } right))</span> make up the ternary hybrid nanofluid. Following the similarity transformation, the partial differential equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations. Analytical solutions were obtained using the perturbation method. The findings demonstrate that the triple nanofluid outperforms the single nanofluid by enhancing both temperature and velocity. However, the inclusion of multiple nanoparticles may lead to increased viscosity of the base fluid, depending on particle concentration. While higher viscosity could raise the pumping power required in fluid systems, it may also enhance heat transfer due to greater interaction between the nanoparticles and the fluid. Results reveal that the inclusion of viscous dissipation significantly alters heat transfer characteristics, while bioconvection driven by microorganisms enhances mass transport and stability. The study further demonstrates how Nield boundary conditions regulate the interaction between heat and mass transfer mechanisms. These findings provide a deeper understanding of anomalous diffusion phenomena in complex fluids, offering potential applications in energy systems, biomedical technologies, and advanced material processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}