The European Physical Journal Plus最新文献

{"title":"A meta-analysis of impact factors of astrophysics journals","authors":"Rayani Venkat Sai Rithvik,&nbsp;Shantanu Desai","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06397-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06397-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We calculate the 2024 impact factors for the 38 most widely used journals in Astrophysics, using the citations collated by NASA/Astrophysics Data System (ADS), and compare them to the official impact factors. This includes journals which publish papers outside of astrophysics such as PRD, EPJC, and Nature. We also propose a new metric to gauge the impact factor based on the median number of citations in a journal and calculate the same for all the journals. We find that the ADS-based impact factors are mostly in agreement, albeit higher than the official impact factors for most journals. The journals with the maximum fractional difference in median-based and old impact factors are JHEAP and PTEP. We find the maximum difference between the ADS and official impact factor for Nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear wave investigation for the generalized variable-coefficient Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff system","authors":"Yuxin Song,&nbsp;Guangmei Wei,&nbsp;Tianwei Qiu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06347-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06347-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper extends the classical Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff system into a more generalized model by introducing two additional linear terms and incorporating time-dependent coefficients. The bilinear form is given out by the Hirota bilinear method, and abundant analytic solutions are obtained, including the soliton, lump, and breather solutions. Furthermore, the propagation characteristics of these solutions and the interaction between lump soliton and one stripe soliton are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Installation of an integrated air quality and meteorological parameters monitoring system in Ondo, Nigeria","authors":"Oluwajenrola Akintomide,&nbsp;Christopher J. Olowookere,&nbsp;Idowu Makinde,&nbsp;Oluwaseun S. Oke,&nbsp;Shina A. Solomon,&nbsp;Olumuyiwa James Peter","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06375-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06375-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution poses a threat to humans and the natural environment. Unfortunately, the high-tech equipment required to quantify and quickly mitigate the air pollution effect remains scarce in many research locations in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study constructed a rigid support framework, assembled device components, and installed an integrated air quality and meteorological parameters monitoring station (IAQ-MPMS) at the University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City. Before we conducted this study, the research equipment did not exist in Ondo State. The IAQ-MPMS is subdivided into a hardware subsystem (AirVisual monitor, solar panel, power bank, and other accessories) and a software subsystem (codes, cloud storage, and the smartphone application). The AirVisual monitor unit was powered by the abundant solar energy in Nigeria (using a PV module and other solar hardware). The equipment was deployed to the field, configured, and tested to work well. After the calibration and validation, the real-time data extracted from the study location by the IAQ-MPMS was displayed online to the general public free of charge using software programmes. Its analytic platform uses codes to make a seven-day prediction with precision on air quality, meteorological parameters, and weather conditions. Furthermore, the data generated by the station in 2024 was downloaded from the cloud and analysed using Python tools. The results showed seasonal variation in the air quality parameters in Ondo. The air quality was moderate (AQI at 68–65) in the rainy season (August, September, and October); it was unhealthy to sensitive people (AQI at 121) in November and peaked at unhealthy (AQI at 169) to the public health outdoors in December. The air quality exceeded the WHO’s recommended limits. It can be attributed to local emissions, meteorological parameters, and air mass impact from the Atlantic Ocean or the Saharan Desert in the northern part of the country. Also, seasonal variation occurred in the meteorological parameters in Ondo. For instance, the temperature values were higher (28.8–28.6 °C) in the dry season than in the rainy season (temperature values of 24.0 °C, 25.1 °C, and 26.0 °C). The obtained data was consistent with the existing literature in Southern Nigeria. The government and stakeholders are encouraged to develop effective strategies to mitigate the observed air pollution level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of regular black hole with multi-polytropic equation of state under various backgrounds","authors":"Farzan Mushtaq,&nbsp;Xia Tiecheng,&nbsp;Allah Ditta,&nbsp;Badr S. Alkahtani","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06349-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06349-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this work is to examine the weak deflection angle, shadow, Regge–Wheeler potential, and greybody factor of a black hole with a multi-polytropic equation of state. In the weak field limit, we use the Gauss–Bonnet theorem along with the Gibbons and Werner method to find the photon’s ray’s deflection angle. Furthermore, we demonstrate how plasma and non-plasma mediums behave with respect to the deflection of photons. Similarly, we examine the graphical effects of the deflection angle on a black hole with a multi-polytropic equation of state, by considering both plasma and non-plasma medium. We also investigate the shadow of a black hole using a multi-polytropic equation of state. Furthermore, we improve our interest by including the spin-dependent Regge–Wheeler potential, which determines the dynamics of perturbations in the presence of the polytropic equation of state black hole. Our analysis of the Regge–Wheeler potential for different spin fields reveals the impact of parameters on its form when monopoles are present. Our study also focused on the rigorous bounds of the black hole with respect to the greybody factor, as well as its graphical behaviour.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of psittacosis: guiding effective interventions and public health policy","authors":"Umar Shafique,&nbsp;Ali Raza,&nbsp;Khadija Nasir,&nbsp;Zeeshan Haider,&nbsp;Emad Fadhal,&nbsp;Wafa F. Alfwzan","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06367-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06367-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psittacosis is a disease that primarily affects humans and is linked to pet birds like cockatiels and parrots as well as livestock like ducks and turkeys. According to the World Health Organization, the European region (Austria, Denmark, Germany, Sweden and The Netherlands) observed an odd and unanticipated rise in psittacosis cases reported. These reported cases developed pneumonia and resulted in hospitalization, and even fatality. For awareness of all living communities and the significance of psittacosis, its modeling has been done in the present study. There are four divisions within humans’ population: susceptible <span>({S}_{mathcalligra{h}}left(tright))</span>, exposed <span>({E}_{mathcalligra{h}}left(tright))</span>, infected <span>({I}_{mathcalligra{h}}left(tright))</span> and recovered <span>({R}_{mathcalligra{h}}left(tright))</span>, and the subpopulation of turkey is susceptible <span>({S}_{mathcalligra{p}}left(tright))</span>, exposed <span>({E}_{mathcalligra{p}}left(tright))</span>, infected <span>({I}_{mathcalligra{p}}left(tright))</span> and recovered <span>({R}_{mathcalligra{p}}left(tright))</span> with artificial delay term. Model steady states, reproduction number, positivity and boundedness are among the feasible properties studied rigorously. Also, the stochastic formulation of the model is presented in two ways with transition probabilities and nonparametric perturbation with the effective use of decay term. Due to the complexity of the system, the Euler Maruyama, stochastic Euler and stochastic Runge–Kutta were used to model the behavior of human and turkey populations. Unfortunately, these numerical methods are not realistic and could not restore the dynamical properties of the model like positivity, boundedness, consistency and convergence of the solution. The nonstandard finite difference method is an effective agreement to solve the system of stochastic delay differential equations in the light of dynamical properties. Results from traditional stochastic methods either converge conditionally or diverge over time. The NSFD method converges unconditionally to the true steady states of the model. In conclusion, this study increases our understanding of psittacosis infection dynamics by employing stochastic with delay techniques and offers new paths for psittacosis infection dynamics investigation. Also, the plotting is done for the visualization of results in comparative profiles of new solutions and interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of 210Pb gamma-ray spectrometry determination in NORM samples","authors":"Tereza Doksanská,&nbsp;Miroslav Hýža,&nbsp;Mahulena Kořistková","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06372-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06372-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the optimization of ²¹⁰Pb determination in NORM samples using gamma-ray spectrometry in routine laboratory settings. It evaluates three methods of assessment: (A) sample in a ‘volume geometry’ with composition-estimated correction factor calculation, (B) thin layer measurement with composition-estimated correction calculation, and (C), thin layer measurement with experimental correction factor determination. The latter involves a direct measurement of the material-specific attenuation coefficient via a collimated photon beam, followed by a simplified Monte Carlo calculation of the self-absorption correction factor. A total of 107 samples representing a broad spectrum of NORM materials such as coal ash, sludge, cement byproducts, and zircon sands, were analyzed. The results reveal that ‘volume geometries’ are inadequate for ²¹⁰Pb determination, primarily due to excessive photon attenuation, even when the sample composition is known. Thin layer geometry with composition-estimated correction factors markedly improved accuracy, making this approach suitable for materials covering coal combustion products (ash and slag), byproducts of cement, old building materials, rocks, soil and furnace linings. However, experimental approach was the only reliable method for samples with high densities, complex compositions, or elevated attenuation coefficients—such as zircon sands. These findings contribute to the optimal use of resources and time.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking pedological and atmospheric environments for the conservation and management of earthen archaeological sites: development of a novel technique","authors":"Jerrod Seifert,&nbsp;Ashley Lingle,&nbsp;Jesse Wolfhagen,&nbsp;Therese Corton,&nbsp;Paul Duffy,&nbsp;William Parkinson,&nbsp;William Ridge,&nbsp;Danielle Riebe,&nbsp;Attila Gyucha","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06342-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06342-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposed in-situ earthen archaeological structures are extremely prone to accelerated deterioration. Environmental cycles that cause swelling, salt efflorescence, and biological decay are but a few ways this breakdown is exacerbated, resulting in earthen archaeological remains rapidly losing coherence, shape, and ultimately cultural value. Several invasive methods have been attempted to cessate this process, to varying effectiveness. However, only recently has quantified site deterioration been correlated with environmental data. Results from these reports showed that the soil moisture of walls and profiles could potentially be used as an indicator of earthen archaeology deterioration rates. Determining any link between the soil moisture content surrounding an archaeological site and its exposed atmosphere could be beneficial when developing site management plans to mitigate deterioration. To determine if such a link exists, four soil moisture profile probes were installed at Vésztő-Mágor, a sheltered, prehistoric earthen archaeological site located in modern-day Hungary. The shelter induces severe microclimatic fluctuations whilst removing several external factors that impact deterioration, such as wind and sun exposure, providing a scenario that is advantageous for detecting any link. The novel horizontal installation of the probes in a vertical column captured moisture data within unexcavated archaeological horizons. This data was then compared to relative humidity data acquired around excavated archaeological profiles. Through the application of a Bayesian autoregressive AR(1) logistic model, the data suggests that a link between these two environments exists. Furthermore, moisture probe data confirms that the excavation of archaeological profiles at Vésztő-Mágor impacts unexcavated archaeological horizons at least 30 cm inward. This paper discusses the implementation of this method, the statistical analysis of the data, and its implications for managing earthen archaeological sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06342-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-accuracy calculation on relativistic Compton profile of H-like ions","authors":"Jian-Jie Wan,&nbsp;Fan Wu,&nbsp;Jie Gu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06378-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06378-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The generalized pseudospectral (GPS) method has been used to solve the radial Dirac equation. It has been found that the energies of the bound states can be calculated with high accuracy, but there are inherent difficulties in obtaining globally accurate radial wavefunctions in position space, which are accurate only at intermediate <i>r</i> in position space. To improve the global performance of relativistic radial wavefunctions, a fitting procedure based on the structure of hydrogenic orbitals has been proposed, which can be called the pseudospectral fitting method. Then, the relativistic radial wavefunction in momentum space can be calculated analytically by the series method. Finally, a highly accurate relativistic Compton profile has also been calculated at an arbitrary momentum. In addition, the relativistic effect on the Compton profile of the 1<i>s</i> orbital in the H atom, <span>(text {Xe}^{53+})</span> and <span>(text {U}^{91+})</span> ions as well as the effect of the nuclear charge distribution on the Compton profile has been discussed in detail based on various extended models of the nucleus, including the uniform sphere model (USM), the Gaussian model (GM) and the Fermi model (FM).</p>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to black hole thermodynamics","authors":"Edward Witten","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06288-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06288-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>These notes aim to provide an introduction to the basics of black hole thermodynamics. After explaining Bekenstein’s original proposal that black holes have entropy, we discuss Hawking’s discovery of black hole radiation, its analog for Rindler space in the Unruh effect, the Euclidean approach to black hole thermodynamics, some basics about von Neumann entropy and its applications, the Ryu–Takayanagi formula, and the nature of a white hole.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scintillation pulse characterization with spectrum-inspired temporal neural networks: case studies on particle detector signals","authors":"Pengcheng Ai,&nbsp;Xiangming Sun,&nbsp;Zhi Deng,&nbsp;Xinchi Ran","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06385-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06385-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Particle detectors based on scintillators are widely used in high-energy physics and astroparticle physics experiments, nuclear medicine imaging, industrial and environmental detection, etc. Precisely extracting scintillation signal characteristics at the event level is important for these applications, not only in respect of understanding the scintillator itself, but also kinds and physical property of incident particles. Recent researches demonstrate data-driven neural networks surpass traditional statistical methods, especially when the analytical form of signals is hard to obtain, or noise is significant. However, most densely connected or convolution-based networks fail to fully exploit the spectral and temporal structure of scintillation signals, leaving large space for performance improvement. In this paper, we propose a network architecture specially tailored for scintillation pulse characterization based on previous works on time series analysis. The core insight is that, by directly applying fast Fourier transform on original signals and utilizing different frequency components, the proposed network architecture can serve as a lightweight and enhanced representation learning backbone. We prove our idea in two case studies: (a) simulation data generated with the setting of the LUX dark matter detector and (b) experimental electrical signals with fast electronics to emulate scintillation variations for the NICA/MPD calorimeter. The proposed model achieves significantly better results than the reference model in the literature and densely connected models and demonstrates higher cost-efficiency than conventional machine learning methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}