The European Physical Journal Plus最新文献

{"title":"Approximate and exact bound state solutions of the Born–Meyer potential with a new application to heavy mesons mass spectra","authors":"E. P. Inyang,&nbsp;E. Omugbe,&nbsp;R. Horchani,&nbsp;E. M. Khokha","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08274-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08274-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigated the bound state solutions of the Schrödinger equation under the Born−Meyer potential (BMP) using the perturbation approximation method and the Numerov matrix approach to obtain the energy eigenvalues for arbitrary values of potential parameters and quantum numbers. In the perturbative scheme, the potential parameters were constrained such that the depth parameter of the repulsive component remained small compared to the Coulombic potential parameter. The perturbation results were found to reproduce the energy values obtained from the Numerov approach. Our results reveal that although the BMP provides a good model for calculating the spectroscopic parameters of alkali halide molecules, it can be modified to describe the mass spectra of quarkonium mesons. By introducing a negative exponent parameter in the repulsive part of the BMP, the potential energy curve accounts for both the one-gluon exchange between the quark-antiquark pairs and the linear confinement, which are essential features in hadrons spectroscopy. The calculated energies were applied to determine the bottomonium (<span>(boverline{b })</span>) and charmonium (<span>(coverline{c })</span>) masses for principal quantum numbers <i>n</i> = 1, 2 and angular momentum quantum numbers <i>l</i> = 0–5. An average percentage absolute deviation (APAD) of 0.48% for <span>(boverline{b })</span> and 1.93% for <span>(coverline{c })</span> mesons were obtained, representing an improvement over some previous theoretical predictions and comparable to the best available theoretical predictions and experimental data from the Particle Data Group. The results show that the BMP with a modified repulsive term serves as an effective potential model for predicting heavy meson masses and may be further employed to determine other hadronic parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling producer–scrounger evolution strategy in prey populations with additional food, prey refuge, and toxic effects on prey–predator dynamics","authors":"Nirmalya Mondal,&nbsp;Souvick Karmakar,&nbsp;Guruprasad Samanta","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08251-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08251-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evolutionary game theory provides a framework for studying how different prey behavioral strategies influence resource utilization, reproduction, and vulnerability to predation, thereby affecting prey–predator dynamics. In this work, we investigate a prey–predator model in which the prey population follows strategies described by the producer–scrounger game. The model also incorporates the effects of environmental toxicity, additional food supplied to predators, and prey refuge. To describe the joint evolution of population sizes and behavioral strategies, a replicator equation is coupled with a system of ordinary differential equations. The toxic effect of the environment is incorporated into the prey fitness function, directly affecting their reproductive success. In addition, sensitivity analysis using Latin Hypercube Sampling and Partial Rank Correlation Coefficient methods is carried out to determine the parameters that most strongly influence the model outcomes. Bifurcation analysis with respect to one and two parameters is carried out to identify qualitative changes in the system dynamics, revealing the emergence of complex dynamical behaviors. Variations in prey and predator population sizes over selected bi-parametric planes are also examined to further understand the qualitative behavior of the system. Numerical simulations are presented to support and illustrate the analytical results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and structure effects on valley-dependent transport in silicene/stanane heterojunctions","authors":"A. Naifar,&nbsp;K. Hasanirokh","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08283-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08283-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we explore spin- and valley-dependent electron transport in layered silicene and stanane architectures. Specifically, we investigate a ferromagnetic silicene/stanane/silicene/stanane/silicene heterostructure, unveiling how its quantum transport characteristics are highly sensitive to both structural design and material composition. Our results demonstrate that a regime of fully valley- and spin-polarized conductance may be accomplished, with the electron energy, ferromagnetic exchange interaction strength, and incident angle emerging as key levers for tuning transmission properties. Beyond providing fundamental insights into electron dynamics in two-dimensional materials, these findings highlight practical avenues for engineering highly selective spintronic and valleytronic devices. Such heterostructures hold strong promise for next-generation applications in low-power nanoelectronics, ultrafast logic circuits, and quantum information technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BF gauge theory formulation of generalized Wilczek gravity","authors":"Andrea Addazi","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08310-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08310-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We construct a gravitational BF gauge theory based on spontaneous symmetry breaking, generalizing the seminal Wilczek theory. The theory is defined on a four-dimensional manifold without presupposed metric and employs the gauge group <i>SO</i>(1, 4) or <i>SO</i>(2, 3), featuring a gauge connection, a <i>B</i>-field and a Higgs-like scalar field. Four distinct constrained BF structures generate the complete set of irreducible pre-geometric building blocks, which together with an additional potential term yield, upon spontaneous symmetry breaking, the most general four-dimensional topological extension of Einstein gravity. This unifies the Einstein-Hilbert action, the Cosmological Constant and all topological invariants from a common gauge origin. We establish a complete dictionary between pre-geometric and geometric variables, revealing that the metric, its inverse, the tetrad determinant and all gravitational couplings emerge dynamically evading the Weinberg-Witten theorem. The symmetry breaking transition is identified as a topological phase transition from a pure BF phase to a geometric phase, with novel relations between emergent couplings including a see-saw mechanism for the Planck mass and Cosmological Constant and a natural origin for the Barbero-Immirzi parameter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics of higher-dimensional Ayon-Beato–Garcia black holes in noncommutative geometry with Lorentzian smearing","authors":"I. Ezzaki,&nbsp;A. EL Boukili,&nbsp;H. Lekbich,&nbsp;N. Mansour,&nbsp;A. Benami","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08295-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08295-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the thermodynamics of higher-dimensional Ayon-Beato–Garcia (ABG) black holes in a noncommutative geometry-inspired model based on Lorentzian smearing. In this construction, the point mass and charge are replaced by Lorentzian density profiles of width <span>(sqrt{theta })</span>, which introduces an effective minimal length while leaving the Einstein tensor unchanged. For arbitrary spacetime dimension <span>(D ge 4)</span>, we derive the smeared mass and charge functions, construct the corresponding regularized ABG metric, and analyze the horizon structure and curvature invariants. We then compute the Hawking temperature, entropy, electric potential, thermodynamic volume, and equation of state in the extended phase space, retaining the leading corrections in the noncommutative parameter. The Lorentzian smearing shifts the extremal radius, critical parameters, and local stability boundaries relative to the commutative ABG case, while the leading critical exponents remain those of the mean-field van der Waals universality class. The relative size of the corrections decreases with increasing dimension for fixed <span>(theta /r_+^2)</span>. These results provide a controlled phenomenological description of Lorentzian noncommutative effects on higher-dimensional regular black hole thermodynamics, with limitations set by the small-<span>(theta)</span> expansion and by the AdS embedding used for phase space criticality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible evidences for cosmological massive neutrinos","authors":"Deng Wang","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08276-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08276-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A key question in cosmology is whether massive neutrinos exist on cosmic scales. Current cosmological observations have severely compressed the viable range for neutrino masses and even prefer phenomenologically an effective negative mass. This poses a great challenge to the cosmological search for neutrinos. Based on current background and large scale structure data, taking a full red-shift and/or scale tomography method, we obtain one beyond <span>(5,sigma)</span>, two <span>(3,sigma)</span>, and two <span>(2,sigma)</span> evidences of massive neutrinos, spanning both high and low red-shifts, as well as both small and intermediate scales. Specifically, for the case of red-shift tomography, we find the neutrino mass sum <span>(Sigma m_nu ^{1}=1.01^{+0.47}_{-0.58})</span> eV in <span>(z in [0, 1])</span> using the data combination of CMB, BAO, and supernova, indicating a <span>(2,sigma)</span> clue of nonzero neutrino mass, while the addition of WiggleZ galaxy power spectrum leads to <span>(Sigma m_nu ^{1}=0.65pm 0.25)</span> eV, implying a <span>(3,sigma)</span> evidence of massive neutrinos. For the case of scale tomography, we give <span>(Sigma m_nu ^{k1}=0.75^{+0.20}_{-0.27})</span> eV in <span>(k in [10^{-1}, +infty ))</span> h Mpc<span>(^{-1})</span> using the combination of CMB and WiggleZ observations, revealing a beyond <span>(5,sigma)</span> evidence of massive neutrinos at small scales, while combining CMB with DESY1 galaxy clustering, cosmic shear and galaxy–galaxy lensing data provides <span>(Sigma m_nu ^{k2}=0.55pm 0.27)</span> eV in <span>(k in [10^{-2}, 10^{-1}])</span> h Mpc<span>(^{-1})</span>, giving a <span>(2,sigma)</span> hint at intermediate scales. For the case of red-shift and scale tomography, we obtain <span>(Sigma m_nu ^{52}=0.63^{+0.20}_{-0.24})</span> eV when <span>(z in [100, 1100])</span> and <span>(k in [10^{-2}, 10^{-1}])</span> h Mpc<span>(^{-1})</span>, suggesting a <span>(sim 3,sigma)</span> evidence of massive neutrinos. Interestingly, these five signals of nonzero neutrino masses are well consistent within <span>(1,sigma)</span> confidence level, indicating a possible suppression of neutrino mass during the evolution of the universe. Using cosmic microwave background observations to constrain a red-shift and scale dependent neutrino mass, we make the first neutrino mass map through the cosmic history and full scales for future high-precision search. Our results could help understand the role massive neutrinos played in the evolution of the universe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08276-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient assessment of thermal transport in two-dimensional AKC structures using machine-learning-potential molecular dynamics","authors":"Yuxuan Fan,&nbsp;Ziqi Hao,&nbsp;Pei Zhang,&nbsp;Zhendong Li,&nbsp;Tao Ouyang","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08307-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08307-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the continued miniaturization and increasing integration of nanoelectronic devices, efficient heat dissipation has become a critical factor limiting device performance and reliability. Two-dimensional carbon allotropes, owing to their distinctive bonding topologies and tunable physical properties, have emerged as promising candidates for thermal management at the micro/nanoscale. Here, we systematically investigate the lattice thermal transport properties of three azulenoid kekulene carbon (AKC) structures, AKC-[3,3], AKC-[4,1], and AKC-[6,0], by combining the neuroevolution potential (NEP) with homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (HNEMD) simulations. The lattice thermal conductivities (<span>({kappa}_{L})</span>) of 2D AKC structures exhibit a clear structural dependence, with values of 203.81, 280.94, and 290.04 Wm⁻¹K⁻¹ for the [3,3], [4,1], [6,0] variants, respectively. Moreover, the <span>({kappa}_{L})</span> of AKC structures exhibits a pronounced positive dependence on biaxial tensile strain. At 8% stretching, the lattice thermal conductivity of AKC-[3,3] reaches 1051.06 ± 50.31 Wm⁻¹K⁻¹, which is approximately 5.16 times that of the unstrained structure. These results suggest that strain effectively suppresses phonon scattering and improves the contribution of heat-carrying phonons, particularly in the low- and mid-frequency region. Detailed phonon analyses of the representative AKC-[3,3] structure indicate that this enhancement is associated with acoustic-branch hardening, prolonged phonon lifetimes, and enhanced mode delocalization. This work clarifies the intrinsic thermal transport behavior and strain-tunable mechanism of AKC allotropes and provides a solid foundation for the potential thermal management applications of the AKC structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharp-interface level set simulations of binary coalescence dynamics in unequal-sized droplets","authors":"Hamza Hazourli,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelouahab","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08303-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08303-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A computational analysis of droplet interactions is crucial for understanding spray dynamics and atomization processes. Although binary coalescence has been extensively studied, the specific interfacial dynamics of unequal-sized droplets remain less understood. The binary coalescence dynamics of two unequal-sized water droplets in air were numerically investigated using an improved sharp-interface level set method (SI-LSM) across varying diameter ratios (<span>({D}_{text{r}}hspace{0.17em})</span>= 0.15–5) and Ohnesorge numbers (Oh = 0.002–0.02). Our results demonstrate two distinct coalescence outcomes: stage−1 partial coalescence and stage−2 full coalescence. Notably, we reveal a novel transition from full to partial coalescence at a critical value of <span>({D}_{text{r}}hspace{0.17em})</span>&lt; 1. Different binary coalescence outcomes are demarcated in a comprehensive Oh−<span>({D}_{text{r}})</span> regime map. Temporal tracking of geometric parameters reveals that the timing and amplitude of vertical oscillations are strongly correlated with pinch-off dynamics, suggesting their importance in determining coalescence outcomes. These findings provide fundamental insights that are significant for secondary atomization and applied spray technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of Wolbachia and natural predators: overcoming barriers for mosquito population replacement","authors":"Joydeb Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Malay Banerjee,&nbsp;Soumitro Banerjee","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08290-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08290-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mosquito-borne diseases remain a major health concern, driving interest in sustainable alternatives to insecticides. As a promising biocontrol strategy, <i>Wolbachia</i>-based population replacement exploits a maternally inherited endosymbiont that suppresses pathogen transmission and induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), promoting its spread in mosquito populations. However, imperfect maternal transmission, incomplete CI, fitness costs, <i>Wolbachia</i> loss, and ecological pressures such as immigration constrain successful population replacement, with their effects varying across strains and host species. Incorporating these mechanisms, we develop and analyse a stage-structured model for wild-type (WT) and <i>Wolbachia</i>-infected (WI) mosquitoes. Analysis reveals monostable, bistable, and tristable regimes arising through saddle-node bifurcations, with shifts between WT dominance, <i>Wolbachia</i> dominance, and population extinction. We identify critical thresholds in release intensity, transmission fidelity, and fitness parameters governing invasion and persistence. Importantly, when WI mosquitoes suffer severe fitness costs, higher release rates can trigger a bifurcation into a demographic sink where mortality exceeds natality, rendering releases insufficient to prevent collapse. This extends classical source–sink theory by showing that release can be destabilizing when fitness costs are severe, highlighting the importance of strain selection. Furthermore, larval predation interacts non-monotonically with release intensity: it facilitates invasion at high release rates but inhibits it at low rates. Optimal-control analysis reveals that higher immigration requires both greater release intensity and a longer release window to secure <i>Wolbachia</i> establishment. Overall, successful replacement depends on the nonlinear interplay of fitness costs, transmission fidelity, ecological interactions, and release design, underscoring the need to integrate strain selection with release design for sustainable replacement.</p>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-extensive entropy signatures in compact star","authors":"B. N. Jayawiguna,&nbsp;M. H. Al Ghifari,&nbsp;A. Rohim,&nbsp;A. Sulaksono","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08269-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08269-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The non-extensive entropy models applied to the black hole horizon are connected to the generalized Einstein–Hilbert action, <i>f</i>(<i>R</i>), via the Wald entropy formalism. We demonstrate that quark star configurations characterized by the MIT bag model under this modified gravity approach conform to the observational lower and upper bounds established for compact objects linked to HESS J1731−347 and GW190814. Furthermore, we assess the effective energy conditions and corresponding speed of sound to evaluate the physical plausibility and stability of the stellar configurations. All non-extensive entropy models studied satisfied these conditions. Our findings show that the exotic compact objects offer a compelling and credible framework for exploring aspects of non-extensive entropy models, such as the Barrow, Tsallis-Cirto, and Rényi formalisms, and vice versa.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"141 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}