The European Physical Journal Plus最新文献

{"title":"Synchronization phenomena in a higher-order neuronal network with random blinking in the functional forms of the coupling","authors":"Shivakumar Rajagopal,&nbsp;A. N. Ndoukouo,&nbsp;S. G. Ngueuteu Mbouna,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Rajagopal","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06811-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06811-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we investigate synchronization phenomena in a network of chaotic Hindmarsh–Rose neurons involving pairwise and three-body interactions that alter over time. The frozen structure of the network is encoded by a two-dimensional simplicial complex and the involved components of the functional forms of the coupling switch on and off at random and repeatedly over time. The complete chaotic synchronization of the networked neurons is investigated by the master stability function approach which reveals that, in the case of fast blinking, an appropriate combination of the different blinking components of the coupling functions improves the ability of the neurons to oscillate in synchrony, compared to frozen single-variable coupling schemes. In addition, we find that for appropriately chosen coupling blinking probabilities, this random blinking coupling scenario outperforms the regular blinking coupling scheme considered in the previous works. An increase in the minimal blinking time period induces the progressive impairment of the synchronizability of the time-varying neuronal network which is expressed by the shrinkage of the stability range of the synchronized state, as well as the onset of intermittent synchronization in an increasingly larger coupling parameter region at the transition from completely synchronized to completely desynchronized dynamics. On the other hand, leveraging the symmetry property of the adjacency tensor of three-body interactions, we show that the higher-order network structure is equivalent to the corresponding classical graph where the effective coupling strength is a linear combination of the strengths of pairwise and three-body interactions. The examination of this reduced network model helps explaining the scaling of the completely and intermittent synchronized patterns to lower coupling strengths when three-body interactions are incorporated to the coupling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GraphDrift-net: a dynamic graph-based framework for concept drift detection in short unstructured text streams","authors":"Megha Ashok Patil,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06812-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06812-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting concept drift in text streams is challenging due to the rapid evolution of language, shifting user behavior, and temporal dependencies. Issues like data sparsity, high dimensionality, lack of labeled data, and multimodal drift further complicate real-time detection and adaptation. This paper proposes GraphDrift-net, a novel dynamic graph-based framework for detecting and adapting to concept drift in evolving text streams. The model comprise of the following components: evolving Time BERT (EvoTimeBERT), which captures temporal language evolution via historical token memory and multi-scale temporal convolutions, hierarchical temporal graph network with dynamic topics and adaptive memory (HTGN-DTAM), a heterogeneous graph neural network that dynamically constructs topic-aware graphs to track changing semantics and Chronograph Detection, a time-series-based drift detection method leveraging graph statistics such as node centrality and clustering coefficient changes. In addition, graph neural reinforcement learning framework (GNRL), a reinforcement learning-based adaptive learning module, enables model adaptability by word embedding update, memory decay rate tuning, and few-shot adaptation. Experimental evaluations over various real-world datasets, including Twitter-1, Twitter-2, Enron, and News20, demonstrate that GraphDrift-net outperforms other methods in accuracy, F1-score, and drift detection sensitivity. The model achieves accuracy as high as 99.7%, is able to identify more drift points, and is more stable with computational efficiency, making it extremely appropriate for real-time text stream applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual-layered neural network for the cancer system with stem cells and chemotherapy","authors":"Zulqurnain Sabir,&nbsp;M. A. Abdelkawy,&nbsp;Aya Baghdady,&nbsp;Bader Berro","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06823-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06823-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Purpose</i> The present research investigations provide the numerical performances of the cancer system with stem cell and chemotherapy by using a dual-layered stochastic process. The mathematical cancer system with chemotherapy along with stem cells is one of the nonlinear models, which are classified into four different cell groups, called as stem <i>S</i>(<i>x</i>), effected <i>E</i>(<i>x</i>): tumor <i>T</i>(<i>x</i>), and chemotherapy having concentration drug <i>M</i>(<i>x</i>). <i>Method</i> A design of deep neural network having two different layers is presented by using sigmoid function in both hidden layers, with 15 and 20 numbers of neurons in the respective layers, while the optimization is performed through the Bayesian regularization scheme, which is considered an effective approach for solving the nonlinear models. The construction of the dataset is performed through the implicit Runge–Kutta approach, which reduces the mean square error by separating into training as 70%, testing 16%, and verification 14%. <i>Results</i> The dual-layered neural network solver’s correctness is performed by using the comparison of the results, and best training is around 10^–09 to 10^–11, and negligible absolute error is found as 10^–06 to 10^–08. Moreover, some tests including regression, transition state, best fitness, and error histogram also update the consistency of the designed dual-layered procedure. <i>Novelty</i> A design of deep neural network having two different layers is first time applied to solve the cancer system with stem cell and chemotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-based pruning for input features in Graph Neural Networks","authors":"Lapenna Michela,&nbsp;Faglioni Francesco,&nbsp;Fioresi Rita,&nbsp;Bruno Giovanni","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present work, we employ the concept of neural network temperature to prune unimportant features in input to a Graph Neural Network (GNN) architecture. In benchmark datasets for node and graph property prediction, each node comes equipped with a vector of numerous features. It is paramount to understand which information is actually necessary and which can be discarded, both for efficiency and explainability. The temperature is linked to the gradient activity due to the loss function minimization and leads to pruning of weight structures associated with small gradients. This study is done on different GNN architectures, one for node classification and another one for link prediction, and several benchmark datasets are employed. We compare the results with similar experiments previously conducted on the filters of Convolutional Neural Networks. Although still at the proof-of-concept stage, our temperature-based pruning technique stands as a promising alternative to state-of-the-art magnitude-based pruning techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced optical and radiation protection characteristics of lead-free ZnO-enriched B2O3–TeO2–Na2O–Y2O3 glasses for advanced opto-shielding applications","authors":"Shrikant Biradar,&nbsp;Aljawhara Almuqrin,&nbsp;M. I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06810-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06810-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel series of ZnO-doped borate-based glasses with compositions (70.5-x)B₂O₃–20TeO₂–9Na₂O–0.5Y₂O₃–xZnO (x = 9, 12, 15, and 18 mol %) were synthesized using a rapid quenching method. Their optical and radiation shielding properties were thoroughly evaluated to assess the impact of ZnO incorporation. UV–Vis. absorption spectroscopy confirmed the amorphous nature of the glasses and showed a progressive blue shift in the absorption edge with increased ZnO, correlating with elevated optical band gap values (3.396 to 3.664 eV for direct and 2.553 to 3.196 eV for indirect transitions) due to enhanced bridging oxygens and fewer NBOs. The decrease in Urbach energy and refractive index indicated improved structural order and compactness. Optical parameters like molar refraction, polarizability, basicity, and electronegativity varied with composition, reflecting ZnO-induced structural changes. Zn18Y exhibited the highest transparency (81.6%) and the lowest reflection loss. Radiation attenuation factors and radiation protection efficiency (RPE) were computed, showing improved shielding with higher ZnO content, especially at low photon energies. Z_eff and RPE declined with energy but remained superior for Zn-rich glasses. Zn18Y demonstrated the best radiation shielding due to its high density. Comparisons with other glass systems confirmed the competitive radiation attenuation efficiency of the prepared glasses. The outcomes of the developed glasses show strong promise for transparent radiation protection applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the structural evolution and its impact on the mechanical and thermal properties of zirconium metallic glass under various quenching and strain rate conditions: A molecular dynamics approach","authors":"Abdelaziz El Kharraz,&nbsp;Tarik El Hafi,&nbsp;Abdelhadi Kotri,&nbsp;Omar Bajjou,&nbsp;Youssef Lachtioui","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06816-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06816-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the influence of cooling and strain rates on the structural, mechanical, and thermal properties of monatomic zirconium metallic glass through molecular dynamics simulations. Cooling rates ranging from 5 × 10¹² to 10¹⁴ K/s were applied to control glass formation, while uniaxial tensile strain rates from 10⁹ to 5 × 10¹⁰ s⁻¹ were used to assess mechanical response. The results indicate that rapid cooling effectively suppresses crystallization and enhances local atomic ordering. Increasing the strain rate leads to higher stiffness, with Young’s modulus rising from 40 to 70 GPa and hardness increasing from 0.7 GPa to 2.2 GPa, depending on the strain and cooling conditions. Additionally, thermal conductivity improves with slower cooling, reaching a maximum of approximately 0.47 W/m.K. These findings highlight the critical role of processing conditions in tuning the atomic structure and performance of zirconium metallic glass, providing valuable guidance for the design of advanced amorphous materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus and potassium distributions in the kidneys of mice administered with renal tubular invasion heavy metals by micro-PIXE","authors":"Shino Homma-Takeda,&nbsp;Hitomi Fujishiro,&nbsp;Izumi Tanaka,&nbsp;Haruko Yakumaru,&nbsp;Hiroki Taguchi,&nbsp;Kyoko Ayama,&nbsp;Masakazu Oikawa,&nbsp;Seiichiro Himeno","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06819-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06819-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The kidney is crucial for the disposition of heavy metals taken into the body, and the renal proximal tubules are responsible for the region-specific reabsorption of substances from the urine. However, the dynamics of the elemental distributions in the renal tubules have not been clearly understood. Herein, the precise distributions of endogenous elements, such as P and K in the kidney with distinct tubular regions, were examined in mice administered with renal tubular invasion heavy metals, such as Pt or Cd, by particle-induced X-ray emission analysis with microbeam (micro-PIXE). Renal cryosections (thickness = 10 μm) were subjected to micro-PIXE analysis. Areas with concentrated P and K were observed in the outer stripes of the outer medulla, in which the distal portion of the proximal tubules was distributed after the administration of Cd but not Pt. Additionally, the dynamics of the Pt and Cd distributions were examined by high-energy X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) analysis using high-energy synchrotron radiation utilizing serial sections of micro-PIXE specimens. Cd was distributed mainly in the cortex, where the proximal portion of the proximal tubules were distributed, early after administration, but later spread to the outer stripe of the outer medulla, where the distal portion of the proximal tubules was distributed. Pt was uniformly distributed in the renal tubular regions. The combined micro-PIXE and SR-XRF techniques can robustly study the element distribution dynamics in renal tubules.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Feynman-Kac formula in deformation quantization","authors":"Jasel Berra-Montiel,&nbsp;Hugo García-Compeán,&nbsp;Alberto Molgado","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06820-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06820-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We introduce the Feynman-Kac formula within the deformation quantization program. Inferred from the previous work, it is shown that, upon a Wick rotation, the ground state energy of any prescribed physical system can be obtained from the asymptotic limit of the phase space integration of the star exponential of the Hamiltonian function. Some examples of this correspondence are provided showing a novel and efficient way of computing the ground state energy for some physical models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of annealing temperature on the properties of Co0.33Mn0.33Fe2.33O4 Compound","authors":"J. Othmani,&nbsp;S. Hcini,&nbsp;J. Massoudi,&nbsp;M. L. Bouazizi,&nbsp;A. Dhahri,&nbsp;K. Khirouni,&nbsp;E. Dhahri","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06791-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06791-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The compound Co_0.33Mn_0.33Fe_2.33O₄, synthesized by coprecipitation, crystallizes in a well-defined spinel structure belonging to the Fd <span>(overline{3 })</span> m space group. Increasing the annealing temperature leads to an improvement in crystallinity, as shown by the increase in average crystallite size from 28 to 32 nm. The study of conductivity in the DC regime reveals a metal–semiconductor transition around 420 K for the sample annealed at 300 °C (Co300). This transition disappears after annealing at 600 °C (Co600), indicating a reduction in active traps at low temperature. This conductivity follows a small polaron hopping mechanism, with a high activation energy increasing from 1.29 to 1.34 eV at high temperature. For the Co600 compound, in the AC regime, the activation energy at high temperature remains comparable to that found in the DC regime, with a strong decrease at low temperature (0.29 → 0.14 eV) as frequency increases, highlighting the role of disorder energy (E_D). Frequency analysis reveals that E_D decreases with frequency, while the hopping energy (E_H) increases, suggesting an increase in the polaron radius. The application of the scaling model combines the conductivity spectra into a master curve, validating the time–temperature superposition principle, although divergences appear at high frequency compared to Summerfield’s theory. Introducing a temperature-dependent scaling parameter significantly improves the coalescence. The high values of the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), reaching − 30% (Co300) and − 13.8% (Co600), confirm the bolometric potential of the material. Finally, impedance spectroscopy reveals thermally activated relaxation, with activation energies of 778 meV (Co300), 576 meV (high T), and 103 meV (low T) for Co600. Nyquist diagrams show the contribution of grains, grain boundaries, and electrodes to the overall mechanism. These results open promising perspectives for optimizing the material via dopant introduction, control of iron excess, and thin-film development by spray pyrolysis, aiming at electronic and next-generation sensor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic response of rice soup mortar used in heritage structures under the influence of humidity and temperature","authors":"Vallabhy Suthaagaran,&nbsp;Zbigniew Suchorab,&nbsp;Grzegorz Lagod,&nbsp;Thirumalini Selvaraj","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06760-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06760-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study is to examine the role of rice soup mortar in three different climate zones, each characterized by varying temperature and humidity. Organic analysis techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), were used to identify the phytochemical compounds present, such as fatty acids, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and alcohols. Advanced analytical methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA), and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), were employed to investigate the hydrated phases and microstructure of the organic lime mortar samples. Regarding compressive strength, Zone 1 outperformed the other zones, with the S2 sample (2% concentration) exhibiting the highest compressive strength of 2.63 N/mm². The carbonation initiated the calcite and aragonite formations, whereas portlandite, tobermorite, afwillite, and anorthite were hydration products. At low temperatures, the transformed polymorphs are calcite, while at high temperatures, the polymorphs are aragonite and calcite. Overall, Zone 1 excelled in all aspects, indicating that temperature and humidity significantly influence the strength, mineralogical composition, and morphological formation of the mortar.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}