The European Physical Journal Plus最新文献

{"title":"Thermoelectric transport through a Majorana zero modes interferometer","authors":"A. P. Garrido,&nbsp;D. Zambrano,&nbsp;J. P. Ramos-Andrade,&nbsp;P. A. Orellana","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06834-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06834-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we examine the thermoelectric characteristics of a system consisting of two topological superconducting nanowires, each exhibiting Majorana zero modes at their ends, connected to leads within an interferometer configuration. By employing Green’s function formalism, we derive the spectral properties and transport coefficients. Our findings indicate that bound states in the continuum (BICs) manifest in symmetric setups, influenced by the length of the wires and coupling parameters. Deviations of the magnetic flux from specific values transform BICs into quasi-BICs with finite width, resulting in conductance antiresonances. The existence and interplay of Majorana zero modes enhance thermoelectric performance in asymmetric configurations. Modulating the magnetic flux transitions BICs into quasi-BICs significantly enhances the Seebeck coefficient and figure of merit, thereby proposing a strategy for optimizing thermoelectric efficiency in systems based on Majorana zero modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and vibration analysis of rotating cylindrical–cylindrical shells with multi-ring hard-coating damping under arbitrary boundary conditions","authors":"Ming Fu,&nbsp;Peng Wang,&nbsp;Yufeng Chang,&nbsp;Qingpeng Han,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Chang Li,&nbsp;Yue Gu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06771-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06771-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work focuses on analyzing the traveling wave vibration characteristics of high-speed rotating multi-ring hard-coating damping cylindrical–cylindrical shells with discontinuous connections under arbitrary boundary conditions. Considering the single shell is frequently bolted to other shell structures, with the junction only made within the bolt action area. By improving the distribution of a conventional entire circumference continuous artificial spring, a discontinuous arc connection is established to simulate a bolted junction condition. Simultaneously, the arbitrary boundary conditions are established by employing the artificial spring technique. Given the existence of appendages along with the lightweight requirement, a multi-ring hard-coating application strategy on the shells is better suited for actual projects. Therefore, based on the parametric multi-partitioning method, the multi-ring application strategy model is constructed for effective suppression of harmful vibration. The Sanders’ shell theory and the Rayleigh–Ritz method are combined to derive dynamic equations, while the matrix eigenvalues are calculated by utilizing the state space method. Further, the influences on parameters like connection stiffness, hard-coating ratio, length ratio, etc. upon the traveling wave frequencies and modal loss factor of the shell structure are discussed in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manifestation of lovelock gravity in the thermodynamic evolution of static black holes under quantum corrections","authors":"Arpan Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Mayukh Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06825-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06825-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work mainly focused on the study of thermal stability and phase evolution of the static black holes with quantum corrections of its thermodynamic parameters, in the framework of Lovelock gravity with different orders. At the same time, the impact of the Lovelock gravity on these crucial thermodynamic parameters of the black holes in case of higher dimension (<span>(d ge 4)</span>) has also been investigated rigorously. Significant impact of quantum corrections of the black hole parameters on the structural evolution of the black holes has been investigated crucially. Further, newly obtained black hole entropy under logarithmic corrections also has been employed which has also significant influence on the structural as well as phase evolution of the static black holes. Additionally, pressure–volume (<span>(P-V)</span>) and newly obtained temperature–entropy (<span>(T-S)</span>) criticalities have been studied to give proper justification for the behavioral changes of various thermodynamic parameters such as specific heat, Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of the static black holes under evolution, which we have obtained in this current work. Further, the physical significance of the evolution of various thermodynamic parameters also has been cultivated. Moreover, the significance of the appearance of different cuspidal nodes in the study of free energy parameters has been discussed elaborately. We have obtained an explicit scenario of the structural evolution and stability of the static black holes under quantum corrections with different orders of the Lovelock gravity under higher dimensions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlating the structure and dynamics of borophosphate glasses: molecular dynamics approach","authors":"Othman El Kssiri,&nbsp;Sara Aqdim,&nbsp;Abdeslam El Bouari,&nbsp;Abdellah Tahiri,&nbsp;Abdessamad Faik,&nbsp;Mohammed Filali,&nbsp;Mohamed Naji","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06706-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06706-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Employing molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the structural evolution in sodium borophosphate glasses (<span>(35text{Na}_2text{O}-65[xtext{B}_2text{O}_3-(1-x)text{P}_2text{O}_5])</span>). Our simulations reveal that boron coordination shifts from predominantly four-fold (<span>(text{B}^{[4]})</span>) to mixed three/four-fold (<span>({B}^{[3]}/{B}^{[4]})</span>) configurations with increasing boron content. The dominant <span>(P{-}O{-}B^{[4]})</span> linkages facilitate homogeneous network integration at intermediate compositions (<span>(x=0.4{-}0.5)</span>), while higher boron concentrations promote <span>(B^{[4]}{-}O{-}B^{[3]})</span> connectivity and polymerization. Crucially, radial distribution functions and coordination analysis demonstrate that charge-compensating <span>(text{Na}^+)</span> ions exhibit delocalized bonding environments around <span>(text{B}^{[4]})</span> units, with <span>(Na{-}O)</span> coordination increasing from 5.4 (<span>(x=0)</span>) to 7.9 (<span>(x=1)</span>). This structural reorganization reduces non-bridging oxygens and creates new hoping site that enhance ionic conductivity. Our atomistic insights establish a direct correlation between <span>(P{-}O{-}{B})</span> connectivity, sodium-ion delocalization, and macroscopic ion transport, providing a foundation for designing optimized borophosphate glass electrolytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced optical properties of Mn-doped ZnWO4/GO nanocomposite powders","authors":"Sadegh Azadmehr,&nbsp;Sanaz Alamdari,&nbsp;Majid Jafar Tafreshi","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06807-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06807-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Luminescent materials are indispensable in radiation detection, displays, and biophotonics because they convert high-energy stimuli into visible photons. Here, manganese-doped zinc tungstate/graphene oxide nanocomposite powders (ZnWO₄/GO:Mn) were synthesized via a facile two-step co-precipitation–calcination route. Comprehensive structural, optical, and scintillation characterizations were performed. X-ray diffraction/Rietveld refinement confirmed the monoclinic wolframite ZnWO₄ phase, while SEM/TEM revealed predominantly spherical-to-polyhedral particles with an average diameter of (330 ± 20) nm anchored on partially reduced GO sheets. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy verified the uniform presence of Zn, W, Mn, C, and O, and FTIR identified characteristic W–O (600–800 cm⁻¹), C=O (1730 cm⁻¹), and O–H (3400 cm⁻¹) vibrations. Photoluminescence under 365-nm excitation showed that Mn²⁺ doping boosts the green emission peak at 545 nm, producing ∼40% higher intensity than undoped ZnWO₄/GO, owing to transitions of Mn²⁺ centers and improved charge separation through the GO network. Ion-beam-induced luminescence and ²⁴¹Am α-particle tests demonstrated a 40% higher photon yield for ZnWO₄/GO:Mn compared with pristine ZnWO₄, highlighting its scintillation potential. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements gave a Type IV–H3 isotherm, indicating slit-like mesoporosity. The nanocomposite exhibits a BET surface area of 0.371 ± 0.02 m² g⁻¹, a total pore volume of 0.0185 cm³ g⁻¹, and a BJH pore-size maximum at ∼6.6 nm, arising from interlayer voids between GO sheets and ZnWO₄ grains. These synergistic structural and opto-scintillation enhancements position ZnWO₄/GO:Mn nanoparticles as promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced design of silicon photonic electro-optic modulators for high efficiency and low loss","authors":"Yucheng Ding","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06809-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06809-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present article introduces an electro-optic modulator based on silicon photonics, specifically designed for integration with CMOS (Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor) technology. This modulator is engineered to optimize its performance for photonic circuit applications by offering a high extinction ratio, low insertion loss, and compact footprint. The electro-optic modulation mechanism is based on carrier concentration variation, which induces changes in the refractive index. To enhance performance while reducing device size and optical losses, advanced plasmonic materials, such as transparent conductive oxides, are incorporated. To enhance the confinement of light and light-matter interaction, a slotted waveguide structure has been developed. In addition, a new plasmonic electro-optic modulator with a V-shaped structure using indium tin oxide (ITO) is proposed as a novel solution. The performance of the modulator is evaluated using key parameters, including insertion loss, extinction ratio, and figure of merit (FoM), operating at a telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm. The results show that the modulator achieves an extinction ratio of 55.05 dB/μm, an insertion loss of 1.01 dB/μm, and a FoM of 2.959, which are significant improvements over ITO-based modulators. These results demonstrate that the proposed V-shaped modulator is a strong candidate for integration into next-generation photonic integrated circuits, due to its high performance and scalability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gyromagnetic ratio and Pauli form factor in anisotropic (hbox {QED}_{2 + 1}) at one-loop","authors":"Susobhan Mandal,&nbsp;Subrata Mandal","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06731-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06731-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gyromagnetic ratio and Pauli form factor are important quantities that characterize the electric and magnetic moment distribution of a particle. The experimentally measured value for the gyromagnetic ratio or the spin g-factor of an electron in a vacuum agrees remarkably well with theoretical predictions, making it one of the biggest successes of quantum field theory. However, these factors may get modified compared to their vacuum counterparts due to the interaction present in the system. Motivating from that, in this article, we investigate the effects of interactions within the framework of <span>(2+1)</span> dimensional Proca quantum electrodynamics. We demonstrate how the g-factor and Pauli form factors change with the electron’s Fermi velocity and the mass of the vector fields within Proca quantum electrodynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of TENIS and artificial neural networks in neutron spectroscopy for BNCT beams in IRT-T and TRR: additional research","authors":"S. Bagherzadeh-Atashchi,&nbsp;N. Ghal-Eh,&nbsp;F. Rahmani,&nbsp;R. Izadi-Najafabadi,&nbsp;S. V. Bedenko,&nbsp;C. H. Ordoñez","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06813-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06813-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Following the successful results of the ThErmal Neutron Imaging System (TENIS) for mono- and poly-energetic neutron sources, in this research, real-time data obtained from the TENIS were utilized for neutron spectroscopy at the exits of the Beam Shaping Assemblies (BSAs) located at the beam ports of Tomsk Polytechnic University Research Reactor (IRT-T) and Tehran Research Reactor (TRR). To achieve this purpose, 70-pixel thermal neutron images were generated for 109 mono-energetic neutrons, referred to as the neutron fluence response matrix, using the MCNP6.1 code. These images were used as the input of the artificial neural network (ANN) tools in MATLAB. Results indicated that the sigmoid transfer function in both hidden and output layers gives the best correlation between the predicted and actual spectra of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) beam lines in IRT-T and TRR, with correlation coefficients (R²) of 0.74 and 0.86, and root-mean-square error of 0.020 and 0.014, respectively (<i>i.e.</i>, a max–min problem). The results suggest that the ANN-unfolded TENIS results can also accurately predict the energy spectrum of neutrons suitable for the BNCT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-capacity adaptive steganographic encryption algorithm for NFT images based on HPM hyperchaotic map-driven bidirectional spiral scrambling and dynamic Morse code diffusion","authors":"Yuxi Wang,&nbsp;Lin Teng","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06821-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06821-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-fungible token (NFT) images, with their uniqueness enabled by blockchain, are transforming from technological experiments into core assets that drive digital art and the metaverse economy. However, an important pain point of NFT images is the risk of leakage during transmission. This paper introduces an adaptive capacity low-bit steganography method for NFT image encryption based on bidirectional spiral scrambling and dynamic Morse code diffusion driven by hyperbolic phase-modulated chaotic map (HPM) hyperchaotic system. The HPM hyperchaotic system with double positive Lyapunov exponents has stronger cryptographic resistance and dynamic unpredictability than the traditional two-dimensional systems with only a single positive Lyapunov exponents. The bidirectional spiral scrambling method only takes O(<i>N</i>) time complexity to achieve complete visual scrambling of the secret image, where <i>N</i> is the total number of pixels to be permuted. The chaotic sequence, processed by a multi-level dynamic encoding module and linear confusion, is subsequently XORed with the permuted NFT image to achieve pixel value diffusion. This step completely dissolves the connection between pixels and completes the encryption of the NFT image. The chaotic sequence is used as an index to embed the adaptive capacity of the encrypted image into the low bits of the pixel value of the cover image. Chaotic encrypted of NFT images and embedded them into cover images using low-bit steganography technology can achieve covert transmission, evade network sniffing, and reduce the risk of leakage. Relevant experimental results show that at a high embedding capacity of 6.0 bpp, the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) is greater than 44.0 and the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) is greater than 0.97, which meets the security requirements of financial data encryption. It not only ensures the quality of the stego image, but also enhances the robustness of the embedded information. At the same time, the encrypted steganography algorithm has significant resistance to common attacks such as cropping and salt and pepper noise, ensuring that the embedded information can still be effectively extracted in an interference environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of knot bundles-based normal and anomalous rotary photon drag in duplicated two-level atomic medium","authors":"Hanen Louati,&nbsp;Abdul Majeed,&nbsp;Imdad Ullah,&nbsp;Shreefa O. Hilali,&nbsp;Mohammed M. A. Almazah,&nbsp;Amir Ali","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06824-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06824-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rotary photon drag based on knot bundles is investigated via control fields of the Milnor Gaussian polynomial in a duplicated two-state atomic configuration driven by probe and control fields. The photon drag is a function of wavelength-normalized spatial axes <span>(x/lambda)</span> and <span>(y/lambda)</span>. Photon drag is connected to refractive index and group index as <span>(theta _d=frac{Lomega _s}{c}(n_g-frac{1}{n_r}))</span>. Both anomalous and normal photon drag is investigated in this study. The trefoil knot, Solomon knot, Hopf links, and double Hopf links types of photon drag are observed. The highest value of normal photon drag is investigated to <span>(pm 1.5~ upmu text {rad})</span>, and the highest value of anomalous photon drag is reported to <span>(pm 0.7~upmu text {rad})</span> within the spatial region <span>(-4lambda le x, yle 4lambda)</span>. The results have important uses in quantum imaging, telecommunication, quantum memory, quantum sensors, optical systems, and photonic circuits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}