物理最新文献

{"title":"Quantum information meets high-energy physics: input to the update of the European strategy for particle physics","authors":"Yoav Afik,&nbsp;Federica Fabbri,&nbsp;Matthew Low,&nbsp;Luca Marzola,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Aguilar-Saavedra,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Altakach,&nbsp;Nedaa Alexandra Asbah,&nbsp;Yang Bai,&nbsp;Hannah Banks,&nbsp;Alan J. Barr,&nbsp;Alexander Bernal,&nbsp;Thomas E. Browder,&nbsp;Paweł Caban,&nbsp;J. Alberto Casas,&nbsp;Kun Cheng,&nbsp;Frédéric Déliot,&nbsp;Regina Demina,&nbsp;Antonio Di Domenico,&nbsp;Michał Eckstein,&nbsp;Marco Fabbrichesi,&nbsp;Benjamin Fuks,&nbsp;Emidio Gabrielli,&nbsp;Dorival Gonçalves,&nbsp;Radosław Grabarczyk,&nbsp;Michele Grossi,&nbsp;Tao Han,&nbsp;Timothy J. Hobbs,&nbsp;Paweł Horodecki,&nbsp;James Howarth,&nbsp;Shih-Chieh Hsu,&nbsp;Stephen Jiggins,&nbsp;Eleanor Jones,&nbsp;Andreas W. Jung,&nbsp;Andrea Helen Knue,&nbsp;Steffen Korn,&nbsp;Theodota Lagouri,&nbsp;Priyanka Lamba,&nbsp;Gabriel T. Landi,&nbsp;Haifeng Li,&nbsp;Qiang Li,&nbsp;Ian Low,&nbsp;Fabio Maltoni,&nbsp;Josh McFayden,&nbsp;Navin McGinnis,&nbsp;Roberto A. Morales,&nbsp;Jesús M. Moreno,&nbsp;Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova,&nbsp;Giulia Negro,&nbsp;Davide Pagani,&nbsp;Giovanni Pelliccioli,&nbsp;Michele Pinamonti,&nbsp;Laura Pintucci,&nbsp;Baptiste Ravina,&nbsp;Alim Ruzi,&nbsp;Kazuki Sakurai,&nbsp;Ethan Simpson,&nbsp;Maximiliano Sioli,&nbsp;Shufang Su,&nbsp;Sokratis Trifinopoulos,&nbsp;Sven E. Vahsen,&nbsp;Sofia Vallecorsa,&nbsp;Alessandro Vicini,&nbsp;Marcel Vos,&nbsp;Eleni Vryonidou,&nbsp;Chris D. White,&nbsp;Martin J. White,&nbsp;Andrew J. Wildridge,&nbsp;Tong Arthur Wu,&nbsp;Laura Zani,&nbsp;Yulei Zhang,&nbsp;Knut Zoch","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06752-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06752-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some of the most astonishing and prominent properties of Quantum Mechanics, such as entanglement and Bell nonlocality, have only been studied extensively in dedicated low-energy laboratory setups. The feasibility of these studies in the high-energy regime explored by particle colliders was only recently shown and has gathered the attention of the scientific community. For the range of particles and fundamental interactions involved, particle colliders provide a novel environment where quantum information theory can be probed, with energies exceeding by about 12 orders of magnitude those employed in dedicated laboratory setups. Furthermore, collider detectors have inherent advantages in performing certain quantum information measurements and allow for the reconstruction of the state of the system under consideration via quantum state tomography. Here, we elaborate on the potential, challenges, and goals of this innovative and rapidly evolving line of research and discuss its expected impact on both quantum information theory and high-energy physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06752-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring of structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of Zn1-xAgxO NPs for water treatment applications","authors":"Mansour Mohamed,&nbsp;A. Sedky,&nbsp;Abdullah S. Alshammari,&nbsp;Z. R. Khan,&nbsp;M. Bouzidi,&nbsp;K. A. Aly","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08860-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08860-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study systematically investigates the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of Zn_1−xAg_xO nanoparticles (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04) synthesized through an energy-efficient co-precipitation method at 60 °C. Comprehensive characterization using XRD with Rietveld refinement confirms the successful incorporation of Ag⁺ ions into the ZnO lattice while maintaining its hexagonal wurtzite structure, with crystallite sizes decreasing from 71.06 nm (undoped) to 37.67 nm (x = 0.04). Optical analysis reveals a controlled bandgap reduction from 3.00 eV to 2.75 eV with increasing Ag content, significantly enhancing visible light absorption. The optimized Ag-ZnO photocatalyst demonstrates exceptional performance with 89.8% methylene blue degradation under UV irradiation. These findings highlight the material’s potential for industrial wastewater treatment applications, while also identifying the need for further bandgap engineering to improve sunlight-driven photocatalytic activity through co-doping strategies or heterojunction formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics of Einstein-Geometric Proca AdS compact objects","authors":"Asalkhon Alimova,&nbsp;Elham Ghorani,&nbsp;Beyhan Puliçe,&nbsp;Farruh Atamurotov,&nbsp;Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14637-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14637-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we explore metric-Palatini gravity extended by the antisymmetric component of the affine curvature. This gravitational theory results in general relativity plus a geometric Proca field. Building on our previous work, where we constructed its static spherically symmetric solutions in the Anti-de Sitter (AdS) background (Eur. Phys. J. C 83(4):318, 2023), we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the system’s thermodynamics. We examine the thermodynamic properties of the Einstein-Geometric Proca AdS compact objects, focusing on the Hawking temperature, enthalpy, heat capacity, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. Particular attention is given to the dependence of the Hawking temperature, enthalpy, and heat capacity on the uniform potential <span>(q_1)</span> and the electromagnetic-type charge <span>(q_2)</span>. Through numerical analysis, we compute the entropy and Gibbs free energy and investigate how these quantities vary with the model parameters.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14637-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of intermediate nucleus spectrum on pairing enhancement in a two-nucleon transfer process","authors":"G. Singh","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01663-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01663-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While forming an (<i>A</i>+2) nucleus from a nucleus <i>A</i> via a two-neutron transfer reaction, pairing through the continuum of the intermediate (<i>A</i>+1) nucleus causes the constructive interference of the many possible reaction channels resulting in significant pairing enhancement of cross-sections. This work analyses the situation in more generality, from the point of view of a varying pairing field and different continua leading to the formation of (<i>A</i>+2) nucleus. I consider <span>(^6)</span>He and <span>(^{22})</span>C, described as housing two-neutrons in orbitals of <span>(^5)</span>He and <span>(^{21})</span>C, respectively. The different possible situations examined here (including hypothetically bound nuclear systems) manifest that the continuum correlations are extremely crucial to the extension of the pairing enhancement observed in the system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01663-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal-MXene-Metal based multilayered metamaterial ultrawideband absorber for thermal and solar absorption applications","authors":"Vishal Sorathiya,&nbsp;Jusu M. Ngobeh,&nbsp;Abdullah G. Alharbi,&nbsp;Ahmad Alghamdi,&nbsp;Amar Y. Jaffar","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08890-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08890-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We proposed a numerical investigation of a metal-MXene-metal-based metamaterial thermal absorber for the wide solar spectrum band. The proposed absorber is formed using the MXene material and a single array, as well as a 2 × 2 resonator array-based metal structure. The proposed structure was numerically investigated for different physical, metamaterial, and thermal parameters across the 0.1 μm to 3.3 μm wavelength spectrum. The optimized parameters of the proposed structure yield a minimum and maximum absorption amplitude of 80% and &gt; 99%, respectively, across the entire wavelength spectrum. The metamaterial absorber design also demonstrates the stability of the spectrum’s oblique angle incident up to 60 °. The effect of different optical parameters, such as refractive index, permittivity, and permeability, is demonstrated through the metamaterial behavior over the computed wavelength spectrum band for the proposed multilayered metamaterial absorber structure. This structure is also compared with the interference mode theory calculation to identify the structure’s overall absorption profile, which shows a variation of 10–20% in overall amplitude. This structure was also analysed for various thermal efficiency parameters, including spectral irradiance with AM1.5 and thermal radiation efficiency, as well as physical parameters such as unit cell length and temperature. The proposed structure can be crucial for designing parasitic solar absorber structures suitable for thermal systems and solar cell applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Krylov complexity in Lifshitz-type Dirac field theories","authors":"Hamid R. Imani,&nbsp;Komeil Babaei Velni,&nbsp;M. Reza Mohammadi Mozaffar","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14669-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14669-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study Krylov complexity in Lifshitz-type Dirac field theories with a generic dynamical critical exponent <i>z</i>. By computing the Lanczos coefficients for massless and massive cases, we analyze the growth and saturation behavior of Krylov complexity in different regimes. We incorporate a hard UV cutoff and investigate the effects of lattice discretization, revealing fundamental differences between continuum and lattice models. In the presence of a UV cutoff, Krylov complexity exhibits an initial exponential growth followed by a linear regime, with saturation values dictated by the cutoff scale. For the lattice model, we find a fundamental departure from the continuum case: due to the finite Krylov basis, Krylov complexity saturates rather than growing indefinitely. Our findings suggest that Lifshitz scaling influences operator growth and information spreading in quantum systems. We further find that increasing the Lifshitz exponent <i>z</i> suppresses Krylov complexity, entropy, and Lanczos growth in both massless and massive cases, while enhancing K-variance. This trend reverses under a hard UV cutoff, where complexity and entropy increase with <i>z</i>. In lattice models, early-time complexity and <span>(b_n)</span> decay shift with <i>z</i>,  echoing the continuum behavior of massive and massless regimes.\u0000\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14669-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulation of cross-polarization conversion and unidirectional reflectionlessness by VO2 in a terahertz metamaterial","authors":"Wenxuan Yuan,&nbsp;Ying Qiao Zhang,&nbsp;Xing Ri Jin","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08547-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08547-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a bilayer design in a terahertz metamaterial consisting of two triangular resonators that can manipulate broadband cross-polarization conversions and three-band unidirectional reflectionlessnesses by using the phase-change material VO₂ for the incidence of linearly and circularly polarized waves. When VO₂ is in metallic state, the broadband cross-polarization conversion effects are realized in range of 0.41 THz<span>(sim )</span>0.54 THz and the polarization conversion ratio reaches <span>(sim )</span>1. We also find that the proposed structure has the ability to convert linear polarizations into circular polarizations at 0.39 THz and 0.59 THz. When VO₂ is in insulator state, three-band unidirectional reflectionlessnesses are attained at 0.50 THz, 0.72 THz and 0.81 THz based on Fabry–P<span>({mathrm{acute{e}}})</span>rot resonant coupling between the upper and lower triangular resonators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct detection of Higgs portal for light self-interacting dark matter","authors":"Wu-Long Xu,&nbsp;Jin Min Yang,&nbsp;Bin Zhu","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14697-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14697-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) can address the small-scale anomalies and previous researches focused on such a SIDM heavier than GeV, for which the self-scattering cross-section is in the quantum resonance region and has a non-trivial velocity dependence. For a SIDM lighter than GeV, the self-scattering cross-section falls within the Born region. In this work, considering the constraints from CMB, BBN and the DM relic density, we investigate the direct detection of the Higgs portal for a sub-GeV SIDM with a scalar mediator. For this end, we consider two approaches: one is the cosmic-ray accelerated dark matter (CRDM) scattering off the nucleon, the other is the electron recoil caused by the halo dark matter. We present direct detection limits for the parameter space of light SIDM and scalar mediator. We find that the detectability in either approach needs a sizable mediator-Higgs mixing angle (<span>(sin theta )</span>) which is larger than one for the CRDM approach and larger than <span>(10^{-1})</span> for the electron recoil approach. While the former case cannot be realized in the Higgs-portal light SIDM model with a scalar mediator, the latter case may also be constrained by some astrophysical observations or beam dump experiment. Anyway, even if other constraints are quite stringent, the direct detection may provide independent limits for such a sub-GeV SIDM.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14697-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous estimation of three parameters with Heisenberg scaling sensitivity in a two-channel optical network","authors":"Atmadev Rai,&nbsp;Danilo Triggiani,&nbsp;Paolo Facchi,&nbsp;Vincenzo Tamma","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06805-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06805-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents a quantum sensing interferometric scheme for the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters at the ultimate quantum scaling precision in a two-mode optical network. This scheme is experimentally feasible because it employs input Gaussian states such as squeezed and coherent states and a relatively low number of experimental runs. We focus on the precise and simultaneous measurement of two unknown phase shifts and an unknown beam splitter reflectivity, achieving Heisenberg scaling sensitivity in all three parameters without any constraints on the parameter values.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06805-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle deflection around microscopic loop quantum black hole","authors":"Haida Li,&nbsp;Xiangdong Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14699-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14699-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The detection of quantum gravity effects is highly limited in both macroscopic and microscopic scenarios: The small quantum parameter makes most large-scale observations practically indistinguishable from general relativity. While at the Planck scale, where the effect of quantum gravity is undoubtedly significant, the energy requirement is remarkably high for any test particle as a probe. In this work, by focusing on the inner-most stable circular orbit (ISCO) of both massless and massive particles around a microscopic loop quantum black hole, we show that given the current knowledge of ultra-high-energy particles, quantum corrections of relative scale <span>(&gt;10^{-10})</span> can appear when the radius of the black hole horizon remains larger than the wavelength of high-energy Gamma rays, where the classical photon trajectory may still hold to a certain degree. In addition, more significant corrections can be observed when considering low-velocity massive test particles. Potentially, our results could suggest a new area for testing the effects of quantum gravity.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14699-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}