物理最新文献

{"title":"A novel single-substrate Sr2Ga2SiO7:Tb3+ green phosphor for full-spectrum white LED","authors":"Zhifang Liu,&nbsp;Subin Wang,&nbsp;Yingchao Xu,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Yunxiang Du,&nbsp;Junhuang Hong,&nbsp;Zhenyu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08518-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08518-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of novel silicate green phosphors Sr_2-xGa₂SiO₇: xTb³⁺ (with x ranging from 0.01 to 0.06) were successfully synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. The samples were analyzed for their phase morphology, luminescent properties, concentration quenching, thermal stability, fluorescence lifetime and CIE chromaticity coordinates. Under the excitation of 370 nm ultraviolet light, the phosphors exhibited strong green emission characteristics. Analysis of the emission spectra of different concentration of samples determined that the optimal doping concentration is x = 0.04, at which the samples exhibit the best luminescent performance. Additionally, these samples demonstrated high thermal stability, at 453 K, the luminous intensity retains 88.3% of its initial value at room temperature. The research results suggest that Sr₂Ga₂SiO₇:Tb³⁺ green phosphors have significant application potential, particularly in addressing the narrow emission spectrum limitations of conventional WLEDs and fluorescence-based marking technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints on Lorentz invariance from the event KM3-230213A","authors":"P. W. Cattaneo","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14264-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14264-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lorentz invariance is the cornerstone of relativity theory. Its implications have been verified experimentally with a variety of approaches. The detection of a muon at extremely high energy detected by the ARCA detector in the Mediterranean sea, the most energetic particle directly measured up to date, allows to put additional constraints on Lorentz non-invariant theories. The prediction of some of those theories is that the lifetimes of particles in the laboratory frame ‘decrease’ rather than ‘increase’ with increasing <span>(gamma )</span>. In this frame the sheer fact that the muon traversed the whole ARCA detector puts a lower limit on the muon lifetime in the laboratory frame, that implies upper limits on Lorentz violating parameters.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14264-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing CdS thin films as optical windows in solar cells: A comparative study of cryogenic and classical techniques","authors":"Melih Manir,&nbsp;Gamze Genç,&nbsp;Vagif Nevruzoglu,&nbsp;Murat Tomakin","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08572-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08572-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, CdS thin films were produced in a quasi-closed volume using two different techniques (classical and cryogenic thermal evaporation techniques) between the 100–573 K substrate temperature, and their characteristic properties (structural, electrical, and optical properties) were investigated. While CdS thin films were produced at 373 K, 473 K, and 573 K substrate temperatures in the classical technique (hot), they were produced at 100–300 K substrate temperature range with 50 K steps in the cryogenic technique (cold). The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the CdS thin films grew in a hexagonal structure in the (002) plane at all substrate temperatures. According to the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images, the thin films produced at 200 K substrate temperature consisted of equally sized spherical grains. This situation shows that the soliton growth mechanism occurs at a substrate temperature of 200 K during the film production process with the cryogenic technique. Due to the characteristic properties of the soliton waves occurring on the substrate surface in the soliton growth mechanism (mass transport), the films grow in a tight-packed form. Therefore, the produced films consist of clusters of equal size, providing a homogeneous surface and a uniform thickness. In addition, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and optical analyses showed that the CdS thin film produced at 200 K substrate temperature had the smallest average surface roughness value (Ra) and the highest optical transmittance value. It was found that the energy band gap (2.37–2.47 eV) and resistivity (1.25 × 10³–5.39 × 10³ Ω-cm) values ​​of CdS thin films increased with decreasing substrate temperature. The carrier density increased with decreasing substrate temperature (3.91 × 10¹⁷–1.73 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻³). Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that the films grew stoichiometrically at substrate temperatures of 473 K and 200 K. The results brought out that in case of using of the produced CdS thin films at a substrate temperature of 200 K by the new cryogenic technique as an optical window layer could provide significant increases in efficiency in solar cells. In addition, ideal substrate temperature values ​​for CdS thin films that can be used in photodevice production were determined for both techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-08572-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase transition in infection scale and the impact of user characteristics under the herd effect in information propagation","authors":"Fuzhong Nian,&nbsp;Jialu Feng","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06330-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06330-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the phase transition phenomenon in information dissemination, focusing on how the herd effect influences the infection scale and the role of individual user characteristics in network propagation. First, we define two key components of the herd effect and analyze its impact on dissemination dynamics. Then, we investigate how individual user characteristics-user influence, cognitive level, and information demand affect the spread of information and construct a dynamic propagation model based on the SI propagation model. Through numerical simulations under various network conditions, we demonstrate that the herd effect can cause abrupt shifts in infection scale, significantly accelerating information propagation. Furthermore, we validate the model’s accuracy by comparing simulated data with the actual data using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings provide insights into the mechanisms driving rapid information spread and offer implications for controlling misinformation and optimizing information diffusion strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress on interstellar radionuclides on Earth and the Moon","authors":"Dominik Koll,&nbsp;Sebastian Fichter,&nbsp;Michael Hotchkis,&nbsp;Martin Martschini,&nbsp;Silke Merchel,&nbsp;Stefan Pavetich,&nbsp;Annabel Rolofs,&nbsp;Steve Tims,&nbsp;Sebastian Zwickel,&nbsp;Anton Wallner","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01554-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01554-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The detection of interstellar radionuclides in geological archives provides insights into nucleosynthesis in stars and stellar explosions as well as interstellar medium dynamics in the Local Bubble and the Local Interstellar Cloud. In this work, current projects to detect interstellar radionuclides with accelerator mass spectrometry will be reviewed. These projects aim to address unsolved questions regarding the timing and the origin of the influxes and to establish new radionuclides for future searches. For the first time, experimental evidence for an inhomogeneous deposition of interstellar <span>(^{60})</span>Fe on Earth will be presented and another potential source for <span>(^{60})</span>Fe on Earth and the Moon, primary galactic cosmic rays, will be introduced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01554-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-shinning-through-thin-wall radio frequency cavities for probing dark photon","authors":"Dmitry Salnikov,&nbsp;Petr Satunin,&nbsp;Leysan Valeeva,&nbsp;D. V. Kirpichnikov","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14166-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14166-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We address the radio frequency (RF) cavity experiment for probing dark photons, which is a modification of the light-shining-through-thin-wall (LSthinW) setup with a relatively thin conducting barrier between a cylindrical emitter and a hollow receiver. The experimental facility allows for the effective probing of dark photons even in the off-shell regime, i.e., when the dark photon mass exceeds the driving frequency of the emitter cavity, which is pumped by an electromagnetic mode. We compare the sensitivity of two specific setup configurations: (i) two adjacent cylindrical cavities placed end-to-end with an end-cap separating them, and (ii) a nested geometry in which the cylindrical receiver is encapsulated within the emitter. We demonstrate that, for a certain range of dark photon masses, the nested configuration with the <span>(text{ TM}_{010})</span> pump mode can provide enhanced sensitivity compared to an adjacent emitter setup. Remarkably, for the <span>(text{ TE}_{011})</span> pump mode, both the nested and adjacent cavity configurations can yield comparable expected reaches for the specific geometry type.\u0000\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14166-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal mass equation for equal-quantum excited-states sets I","authors":"L. David Roper,&nbsp;Igor Strakovsky","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01577-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01577-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The masses of fifteen baryon sets and twenty-four meson sets of three or more equal-quantum excited states, using Breit–Wigner PDG masses and their uncertainties at fixed <span>(J^P)</span> for baryons and <span>(J^{PC})</span> for mesons, are fitted by a simple two-parameter logarithmic function, <span>(M_n = alpha Ln(n) + beta )</span>, where <i>n</i> is the level of radial excitation. The conjecture is made that accurately measured masses of all equal-quantum baryons (including LHCb exotic <span>(P_{c{bar{c}}}^+)</span>s) and meson excited states (including <span>(s{bar{s}})</span>, <span>(s{bar{c}})</span>, <span>(c{bar{c}})</span>, <span>(c{bar{b}})</span>, and <span>(b{bar{b}})</span> states) are related by the logarithmic function used here; at least for the mass range of currently known excited states. The baryon “star” rating case is evaluated. The Cornell potential is an example of how a logarithmic behavior can be explained by an appropriate potential. Thus, a “universal mass equation” (UME) for equal-quantum excited-state sets is presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping damage and biological agents in Greek historical photographs from 1938 to 1948 using multi-analytical methods","authors":"M. Tzorakaki,&nbsp;V. Kokla,&nbsp;A. Batrinou,&nbsp;A. Karabotsos","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06283-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06283-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study aims to assess the preservation state of ten historical photographs from the years 1938 to 1948. These photographs are significant historical documents from a tumultuous period marked by World War II and the Greek Civil War. The methods utilized to evaluate the preservation state of the photographs include multispectral imaging, macro and micro imaging, biological analysis, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Multispectral imaging provided significant information on stratigraphy of photographs and the damage of photographs. Moreover, it revealed suspected biological growth in certain areas which was verified, leading to further study of these biological factors and thus the fungal genus <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. was identified. At the same time, SEM/EDS analysis was conducted to investigate the materials and manufacturing techniques used, providing simultaneously, insights into both abiotic and biotic elements. This analysis identified materials and techniques such as the Baryta layer, silver chloride emulsions, and additives used in the chemical production baths of photographs. Overall, the application of this comprehensive methodology allowed us to effectively map the preservation state of the photographs, highlighting the critical influence of material quality and production techniques on their condition. The results obtained from non-invasive multi-analytical methods proved to be precise and valuable for this purpose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06283-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiral oscillations in finite time quantum field theory","authors":"Massimo Blasone,&nbsp;Francesco Giacosa,&nbsp;Luca Smaldone,&nbsp;Giorgio Torrieri","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14165-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14165-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We demonstrate how chiral oscillations of a massive Dirac field can be described within quantum field theory using a finite-time interaction picture approach, where the mass term in the Lagrangian is treated as a perturbative coupling between massless fields of definite chirality. We derive the formula for chiral oscillations at the fourth order in the perturbative expansion, obtaining a result consistent with the formula derived by means of other methods. Furthermore, we illustrate how the perturbative framework of chiral oscillations can effectively describe production processes where an electron must exhibit both left chirality and positive helicity, as in decay <span>(pi ^- rightarrow e^- + {bar{nu }}_e)</span>. Finally, we argue that, in this perturbative view, chiral oscillations are also essential for detecting the decay products in such processes.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14165-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver/dyes decoupling and colour restoration of autochromes using multispectral imaging","authors":"Irina Ciortan,&nbsp;Yoko Arteaga,&nbsp;Giorgio Trumpy","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06284-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06284-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autochrome glass plates, patented in 1903, are one of the earliest colour photography processes. By overlaying a silver emulsion and a screen of randomly placed minuscule starch granules, coloured with orange-red, green and violet-blue dyes, colour images were obtained. Historically, autochromes were viewed by means of light projection, which led to the alteration of the trichromatic screen due to the low lightfastness of the colour dyes. In this article, we propose two methods for the colour restoration of commercially available autochrome plates. Consisting in virtually separating the colour mosaic layer from the silver emulsion, the first approach uses band subtraction to isolate the individual colour dyes, and the second approach is based on linear spectral unmixing. The restoration approaches showcase the colour revival of autochrome plates that enhance the colours and uncover faded details in these historic photographs. The decoupled silver and dye images were also reproduced as translucent prints and integrated into an interactive museum display, allowing visitors to engage with the restored autochrome photographs in a tangible way.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06284-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}