Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science最新文献

{"title":"Existence of Solutions for Riemann-Liouville Fractional Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem","authors":"Zhiyu Li","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01696-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01696-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, existence theorems of solutions for the Riemann-Liouville fractional Dirichlet</p><p>boundary value problem <span>(begin{aligned} left{ begin{aligned} {D_{0+}^{alpha }}x(t)=fleft( t,x(t),{D_{0+}^{alpha -1}}x(t)right) , tin (0,1), x(0)=0, x(1)=B, end{aligned}right. end{aligned})</span>are obtained, where <span>(Bin {mathbb {R}})</span>, <span>({D_{0+}^{alpha }}x(t))</span> is the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative, <span>({alpha }in (1,2])</span> is a real number, and <span>(fin Cleft( [0,1]times {mathbb {R}}^{2}, {mathbb {R}}right))</span>. We do not impose growth restrictions on nonlinear term <i>f</i> as many authors do but merely require that <i>f</i> satisfies sign conditions at the origin. Our analysis is based on the nonlinear alternative of Leray-Schauder. Finally, we provide an example to verify our main results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"161 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Photoactive Cd2+ Substitutions on V2O5 Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic Potential Against the Toxic Dye","authors":"A. Remila,&nbsp;V. Shally,&nbsp;C. Parvathiraja,&nbsp;T. Darwin","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01704-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01704-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the synthesis and broad characterization of cadmium-doped vanadium pentoxide (Cd-doped V₂O₅) nanoparticles via the co-precipitation method, emphasizing the investigation of varying Cd²⁺ concentrations in V₂O₅. The synthesized nanoparticles were extensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), revealing crystallite sizes ranging from 24 to 29 nm, identifying functional groups, and elucidating bandgap energies from 2.07 to 1.88 eV. Morphological analyses by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the presence of rod-like nanostructures without agglomeration. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed successful Cd²⁺ integration into the V₂O₅ structure, while further characterization via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy provided insights into valency, electron states, and material affinity. The catalytic activity of Cd-doped V₂O₅ nanoparticles in degrading Rhodamine B (Rh-B) dye was investigated under various conditions. pH variations notably influenced degradation rates, with acidic and alkaline environments demonstrating enhanced degradation capabilities due to electrostatic interactions and increased catalytic activity, respectively. Optimal catalytic efficiency was observed at a nanoparticle concentration of 10 mg, with declining efficiency attributed to surface area saturation at higher concentrations. Increasing dye concentrations inversely correlated with degradation percentages due to reduced hydroxyl radical formation. Reusability studies indicated consistent degradation efficiency over multiple cycles, suggesting promising applications of Cd-doped V₂O₅ nanoparticles in sustainable wastewater treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"33 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNAzyme Loaded Nano-Niosomes Confer Anti-Cancer Effects in the Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells by Inhibiting Apoptosis, Inflammation, and c-Myc/cyclin D1","authors":"Leila Aghamohseni,&nbsp;Kavian Barzegarian,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Ferdowsinia,&nbsp;Neda Mousavi-Niri,&nbsp;Maryam Naseroleslami","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01731-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01731-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the promising strategies for destroying cancer cells is using small-molecule gene-silencing strategies such as DNAzyme. In the current study, we used niosomes as carriers to promote drug residence and stability in the human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and explore possible molecular mechanisms. Preparing the niosomes was performed using thin-layer hydration method. Shape and size of the niosomes were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cell cytotoxicity, invasion and migration, apoptosis, inflammation and apoptosis related genes were evaluated by MTT assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometry, and Real-time PCR. Our results showed that DNAzyme loaded niosomes had more powerful effects against proliferation and migration of the human breast cancer MCF-7 cells compared to free DNAzyme. Effects of DNAzyme loaded niosomes is attributed to elevation of apoptosis, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and down-regulation of c-Myc/cyclin D1. In conclusion, our study declares that DNAzyme loaded niosomes possess stronger effects on destroying the human breast cancer MCF-7 cells than free DNAzyme by targeting apoptosis, inflammation, and c-Myc/cyclin D1.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1397 - 1410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cylindrical Gravastar Structure in Energy–momentum Squared Gravity","authors":"M. Sharif,&nbsp;Saba Naz","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01715-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01715-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We discuss the gravastar structure referred to as Mazur and Mottola model by taking into account the cylindrically symmetric line element. Gravastar configuration is completely characterized by three regions including inner and outer sectors where a very thin layer of ultra-relativistic matter namely shell domain separates these both regions. The interior sector occupying dark energy (cause of repulsive force) is specified by de-Sitter spacetime. Moreover, the exterior is fully vacuum where state parameters (density and pressure) are zero. The classical de-Sitter and Schwarzschild event horizons are replaced by an intermediate shell of small thickness, which is thought to be the critical surface for the quantum phase transition. For each of these three regions, we use different values of the equation of state parameter. We build a gravastar structure by adopting a particular model of the theory under consideration. For an isotropic static cylindrical matter configuration, we develop the equations of motion. Over hypersurface, matching of the interior as well as exterior regions yields surface energy density and surface pressure. The crucial feature of the newly obtained solution is that it is singularity free. Along with the estimation for the total gravastar mass, the energy density, total energy, proper length, mass and entropy of the shell domain are investigated in correspondence with this model. The developed gravastar model is physically viable and stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1669 - 1677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approximation by Generalised Szász-type Operators based on Appell Polynomials","authors":"Ajay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01703-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01703-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces a novel extension of Szász–Kantorovich-type operators based on Appell polynomials and explores their convergence characteristics employing Korovkin’s theorem. The study delves into the rate of convergence using both classical and second-order modulus of continuity, Voronovskaja type theorem, and weighted approximation outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"181 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplication Operators on Generalized Orlicz Spaces Associated to Banach Function Spaces","authors":"Büsra Aris,&nbsp;Serap Öztop,&nbsp;Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaie,&nbsp;Badik Hüseyin Uysal,&nbsp;Rüya Üster","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01723-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01723-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study multiplication operators on generalized Orlicz spaces <span>(X^Phi)</span> associated to a Banach function space <i>X</i>, where <span>(Phi)</span> is a Young function, and give some characterization of them to be well-defined and bounded. Also, we present some sufficient and necessary conditions for such operators to be compact or invertible. Moreover, we find the essential norm of a multiplication operator on <span>(X^Phi)</span> while the context measure space is discrete. Many results of this paper cover known Banach function spaces related to Orlicz one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1489 - 1497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Alginate Nanogel with Epigallocatechin and 5-azacytidine on ex vivo Studies Against Copper Ischemic Injury","authors":"R. Nikitha Shalom,&nbsp;Shoba Narayan","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01725-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01725-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Naturally derived biopolymers like alginate are widely used for tissue engineering as hydrogels, and their angiogenic properties have led to their use in clinical trials. Myocardial ischemia is a significant concern in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this context, multi-target therapeutic strategies are gaining significant importance, and the present study is designed to prepare alginate nanogels (ANGs) entrapped with bioactive molecules epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and 5-azacytidine (5-A). The nanogels were characterized using various physiochemical techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, DLS and zeta, FTIR, XRD, HR-SEM, and AFM analysis, indicating the entrapment of both bioactive molecules in ANGs. The antioxidant ability of the nanogels was evaluated using DPPH and superoxide scavenging activity to evaluate their protective effect, and it was indicated that the nanogels have superior antioxidant activity due to the presence of EGCG. To understand the hemocompatibility of the nanogels with bioactive molecules, a hemolysis test was carried out, and the nanogels did not cause any significant hemolysis for the concentrations tested. An ex-vivo copper ascorbate system was used to induce cardiac injury in chicken hearts, and the antioxidant status of heart tissue revealed that nanogels ANGs/EGCG/5-A could maintain an antioxidant status comparable to that of the control group. Histopathological analysis further revealed that nanogels containing EGCG and 5-A could preserve the structural integrity via an antioxidant defence mechanism, thereby protecting the cardiac function. Further in-vivo studies can establish alginate-based nanogels as a therapeutic agent for myocardial injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1425 - 1441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piecewise Differential Equations for Prey-Predator Interactions: From Dyadic to Triadic","authors":"Seda Igret Araz,&nbsp;Maroua Amel Boubekeur","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01722-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01722-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the applications of the concept of piecewise differential equations, a powerful mathematical tool for addressing different processes occurring at different time intervals, on prey-predator models were discussed. Thanks to this new concept, we aimed to provide a new perspective for prey-predator models in which ecological processes that start with dyadic interactions can also include triadic interactions after a while. More specifically, two prey-predator models were proposed, one dealing with the different scenarios where a second predator was introduced into an environment with a prey and a predator, and the other where an infected prey was introduced into an environment with a prey and a predator. Numerical simulations were carried out in order to have a graphical representation of the different behavior of these two new models under different scenarios. We strongly believe that this study provides a comprehensive overview of piecewise differential equations and contributions to the field of mathematical biology, especially in modeling prey-predator dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1613 - 1624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On q-Fibonacci Cesàro Sequence Spaces by Using Band Matrix","authors":"Ravi Kumar,&nbsp;Sunil K. Sharma,&nbsp;Ajay K. Sharma,&nbsp;M. Musarleen","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01706-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01706-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we define the new sequence spaces <span>(Ces_p(tilde{mathcal {G}}_q)~ (1le p&lt;infty ))</span> and <span>(Ces_infty (tilde{mathcal {G}}_q))</span> by using <i>q</i>-Fibonacci band matrix <span>(tilde{mathcal {G}}_q)</span> defined by </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned}tilde{mathcal {G}}_q=tilde{mathcal {G}}_{rk}(q)= left{ begin{array}{ll} -frac{mathcal {G}_{r+1}(q)-1}{q^r mathcal {G}_r(q)},&amp;{}quad k=r-1 frac{mathcal {G}_{r+2}(q)-1}{q^r mathcal {G}_r(q)},&amp;{}quad k=r 0,&amp;{}quad text {otherwise}, end{array}right. end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p><span>(text {where}~ (k,r in mathbb {N}).)</span> We examine some topological properties and some inclusion relation for these spaces. We also make an effort to build a basis for the space <span>(Ces_p(tilde{mathcal {G}}_q))</span>, compute <span>(alpha)</span>-duals of the same space, characterize some matrix classes and study some geometric properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"201 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact and Spatial Pattern of Diffusion of Nutrient from Cage Culture by Using CORMIX Modeling in the Coastal Ecosystem of the Caspian Sea","authors":"Omidreza Touni,&nbsp;Nooshin Sajjadi,&nbsp;Farhad Moosakhani,&nbsp;Rooholah Mahmoudkhani","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01687-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01687-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquaculture contributes to elevated levels of phosphates and nitrates in both water and sediment, leading to reduced biodiversity and a proliferation of pollution-resistant organisms. One significant challenge in developing effective management strategies is the lack of accurate predictions regarding the dispersion and distribution of pollutants. Consequently, modeling water quality and pollutant distribution is crucial for evaluating these impacts. This study aims to spatially model nutrient release from fish breeding cages in the Sisangan region and assess its impact on water quality using the CORMIX numerical model. Conducted in November 2019 in the Caspian Sea, Mazandaran province, the research involved nine sampling stations. Physicochemical parameters were measured using a Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) device. Nutrient samples, including nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, were collected with a Niskin bottle and analyzed in the laboratory. Field sampling revealed an average TRIX index of 2.3, indicating oligotrophic water conditions but an elevated trophic state. Modeling results demonstrated that nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decrease with increasing distance from the fish cages. The findings suggest a potential shift from oligotrophic to mesotrophic conditions due to the increased nutrient load from fish farming activities. This underscores the importance of understanding and managing the environmental impacts of marine aquaculture on water quality and ecosystem health. Effective management strategies must be developed to mitigate these impacts and ensure sustainable aquaculture practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1443 - 1452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}