{"title":"A New Modified Orthogonal Saban Frame on (S^{2}_{1}) and (H^{2}_{0}) and the Evolution of Curves","authors":"Alperen Kızılay, Atakan Tuğkan Yakut","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01767-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01767-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we describe a new modified orthogonal Saban frame for timelike and spacelike curves with geodesic curvature on <span>(S^{2}_{1})</span> and the Saban frame for hyperbolic curves with geodesic curvature on <span>(H^{2}_{0})</span>. We study the evolution of curves depending on the modified orthogonal Sabban frame and we obtain the necessary conditions for the inextensible flow of curves on modified orthogonal Saban frame.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"833 - 846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hybrid Scheme for Efficient Numerical Solution of the Fractional Telegraph Equation","authors":"Atallah El-shenawy, Mohamed El-Gamel, Amir Teba","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01762-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01762-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper presents a novel technique for solving the fractional telegraph equation (FTE) using a combination of the Chebyshev collocation method and finite difference scheme. FTE is a generalization of the classical telegraph equation and is widely used in many areas of physics and engineering. The proposed method combines the advantages of both Chebyshev collocation and finite difference schemes to provide accurate and efficient solutions. A detailed error analysis is carried out to investigate the convergence behavior of the scheme and is compared with other numerical methods. Examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method and highlight its potential for solving more complex problems. Overall, our results show that the combined method of Chebyshev collocation and finite difference is a potent tool for solving FTE, providing reliable and accurate solutions with excellent convergence rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"811 - 824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approximation of Stochastic Advection–Diffusion Equations with Predictor-Corrector Methods","authors":"Fatemeh Nassajian Mojarrad, Ali R. Soheili","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01752-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01752-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on the development and analysis of predictor-corrector methods for solving stochastic advection–diffusion equations. These equations play a significant role in modeling various physical phenomena where uncertainties are present. We first derive the predictor-corrector schemes and analyze their stability, consistency, and convergence in the mean-square sense. The results indicate that under appropriate conditions, the proposed methods maintain stability and exhibit desirable convergence properties. Additionally, we present a detailed comparison of the stability of these methods with some other existing numerical approaches. Numerical experiments validate the theoretical findings and demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the methods. Although this study is primarily concerned with linear stochastic partial differential equations, we also discuss the potential extension of these methods to nonlinear cases, providing a foundation for future research in this direction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"469 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Khajehnasiri, M. Afshar Kermani, T. Allahviranloo
{"title":"Lucas Operational Matrix Approach for Solving the Fractional Klein–Gordon Equation","authors":"A. A. Khajehnasiri, M. Afshar Kermani, T. Allahviranloo","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01744-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01744-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, an efficient computational technique based on Lucas polynomials has been extended to approximately solve a certain class of fractional diffusion equations. Fractional order Lucas polynomials were used to represent the operational matrix of differentiation and integration. Subsequently, the fractional Klein–Gordon equation was reduced to a system of algebraic equations whose solution can be found through suitable algorithms such as Gauss elimination and Newton–Raphson methods. Based on the numerical results obtained, the proposed technique demonstrates a high level of efficiency and precision.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"771 - 780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modification of Bitumen Properties Using Polyethylene Glycol: Towards Improved Outer Wrap Tapes for Gas Pipeline Coating in Cold Regions","authors":"Milad Asadnia, Mehdi Sadat-Shojai","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01759-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01759-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coating gas pipelines is a crucial practice in the gas industry to enhance pipeline integrity, longevity, and safety. Recently, the outer wrap tape of bitumen impregnated glass fiber have been developed as the part of protective layers for the underground pipelines. Outer tapes prepared of pre-modified 10/20-grade bitumen by styrene–ethylene/butylene–styrene (SEBS), styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), and talk powder suffer from some problems such as brittleness at low temperatures, inadequate adhesion between the two glass fiber layers, and high weight. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the physical, rheological, and adhesion characteristics of pre-modified bitumen after addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 2000 and then to investigate the quality of the tape produced with this bitumen. Improvement of flexibility and decrease of susceptibility to deformation at low temperatures of PEG-modified samples were confirmed by penetration, softening point, and penetration index (PI) tests. The storage stability investigation showed that at higher PEG concentrations phase separation may happen. Dynamic shear rheological (DSR) test indicated that PEG-modified samples have lower complex modulus and complex viscosity. Tapes produced with PEG-modified bitumen displayed less brittleness and enhanced adhesion than those produced with unmodified bitumen. Generally, this study highlights the potential of PEG as a promising additive to prepare bitumen with desired properties. These findings contribute to the development of gas pipe coating technology in cold regions, specifically the production of outer wrap tapes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"645 - 654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction of Zemu Glacier’s Boundary Using a Multi-Parametric Approach","authors":"Devishri Kangjam, Kamaljit Singh Rajkumar, Mamata Maisnam, Pallipad Jayaprasad, Maganti Srinivasa Tarun, Putrevu Deepak, Misra Arundhati, Sharma Narpati, Shrestha Dhiren","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01769-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01769-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Though Zemu is the largest glacier in the Eastern Himalayas, it is one of the least monitored among the Himalayan glaciers. Thus, its sensitivity to global climate change should not be neglected. Glacier boundary delineation is a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to create a semi-automatic processing chain that can recognize glacier boundaries using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Connected components segmentation (CCS) techniques. SAR data processing provides weather-independent, high-resolution data that captures the surface characteristics of the glacier, including backscatter intensity and coherence, which are crucial for detecting glacier boundaries. PCA reduces data redundancy and enhances the spatial characteristics of the input data. CCS groups pixels with similar intensities into segments. Combining these methods results in a more accurate and reliable delineation of glacier boundaries. The parameters we have selected for the process are unique. Earlier researchers have used coherence and slope information. However, we have also considered the effect of radar backscattering intensity and curvature of the study area in addition to coherence and slope information. The use of CCS gives uniqueness to this study. A qualitative analysis of the study showed similarity with the GLIMS glacier outline, and the Intersection over Union (IoU) metric for segmentation accuracy was 0.67. Additionally, the two-pass Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) technique was used for estimating the LOS velocity of the Zemu glacier. The significance is that LOS velocity measurements help track the movement of glaciers over time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"681 - 695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some approximation properties of Riemann-Liouville type fractional Bernstein-Stancu-Kantorovich operators with order of (alpha)","authors":"Reşat Aslan","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01754-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01754-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The main intent of this paper is to examine some approximation properties of Riemann-Liouville type fractional Bernstein-Stancu-Kantorovich operators with order of <span>(alpha)</span>. We derive some moment estimates and show the uniform convergence theorem, degree of convergence with respect to the usual modulus of continuity, class of Lipschitz-type continuous functions and as well as Peetre’s <i>K</i>-functional. Furthermore, we present various graphical and numerical examples to demonstrate and compare the effectiveness of the proposed operators. Also, we construct bivariate extension of the related operators and consider order of approximation by means of partial and complete modulus of continuity. Further, we provide a graphical representation and an error of approximation table to show the behavior order of convergence of bivariate form of discussed operators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"481 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Microporous Nanomaterial from ZIF-8 for Efficient Loading and Controlled Release of Dapsone in Aqueous Media","authors":"Zahra Khalili, Negar Moatakef Kazemi, Zahra Jafari Azar, Zahra Mosavi, Mehdi Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01750-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01750-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and application of a microporous nanomaterial made from a metal-organic framework called ZIF-8. The material was successfully prepared and used to investigate its ability to load and release dapsone in water-based solutions. This prepared ZIF-8 exhibited promising drug loading from aqueous environments through hydrogen bonding, π-π, and electrostatic interactions. The synthesized ZIF-8 was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Elemental mapping analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis to investigate its structure and morphology. The study investigated several factors that could influence the dapsone loading procedure, including pH, ZIF-8 dosage, and loading time, to optimize the process. Using the non-linear simplex optimization methodology, it was found that the efficiency of loading dapsone exceeded 92.5 ± 3.9% when the concentration of the dapsone drug was 50 mg.L<sup>-1</sup>. The most effective parameters for achieving the highest possible loading of dapsone were loading pH = 7.0, ZIF-8 dosage = 6.0 mg.mL<sup>-1</sup>, and loading time = 120 min. Investigative studies on release mechanisms demonstrated that when the dapsone-loaded ZIF-8 was submerged in phosphate buffer saline (at pH = 7.4 and temperature = 37 °C), it displayed an optimal efficiency surpassing 80% following a duration of 120 h.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"331 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transformation, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Behaviors of Ni4Ti3 Precipitated/Un-Precipitated Ni-Rich NiTi SMA","authors":"Boutheina Ben Fraj, Slim Zghal","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01756-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01756-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, it is aimed to experimentally investigate the transformation and the thermodynamic behaviors of the Ni-rich NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) at various thermal conditions. Based on XRD and SEM analyses, Ni<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub> precipitated/un-precipitated structures were identified as function of annealing temperature (450 °C and 650 °C). Through the calorimetric study, by varying the DSC scanning rate, it was proved that transformation temperatures, transformation rate and thermal hysteresis are highly sensitive to the presence of the precipitation phase. Furthermore, thermodynamic properties and kinetic behavior were assessed highlighting the impact of microstructural alteration on changes in enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy and elastic energy. Activation energies of Ni<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub> precipitated and un-precipitated samples were determined according to Kissinger and Takhor approaches revealing a notable negative activation energy for the un-precipitated sample and considerably high values for the precipitated one. This result implies that, with the presence of Ni<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub> precipitates, the NiTi SMA requires higher activation energy to conduct the martensitic transformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"547 - 558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complex Symmetry of Slant H-Toeplitz Operators","authors":"Anuradha Gupta, Deepika Singh","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01745-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01745-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper complex symmetry of slant H-Toeplitz operator is studied. Necessary conditions for complex symmetry of restrictions of slant H-Toeplitz operator, namely slant Toeplitz operator and the slant Hankel operator, with respect to a weighted composition operator are explored along with counterexamples for insufficient conditions. The upper bound for the spectral radius of the slant H-Toeplitz is also obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"781 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}