IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700344

S. N. Kalabushev, D. N. Voronkov, Yu. S. Mednikova

{"title":"The M-Cholinergic Brain Reaction in Dependence on the Environmental Temperature for Cold-Blooded and Warm-Blooded Animals","authors":"S. N. Kalabushev, D. N. Voronkov, Yu. S. Mednikova","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700344","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During artificial incubation of slices of the sensorimotor cortex of guinea pigs and the telencephalon of turtles, microiontophoretic application of acetylcholine to neurons revealed a significantly lower frequency of spike responses in the nerve cells of turtles compared with guinea pig cells. This difference was attributed to the different rate of the M-cholinergic response in the temperature ranges of 27–29 and 34–36°C, as found previously in hypothermic experiments. Although experiments on guinea pig and turtle neurons were performed in the same temperature range (32–34°C), the genetically determined structure of neuronal membranes reflects the natural temperature dependence of both species: guinea pig membranes with a constant habitat temperature of 38°C have a higher density of K<sup>+</sup> channels than turtles with a preferred temperature of 28–32°C. The difference in K<sup>+</sup> channel representation was determined by a significantly longer activation after-effect in turtle neurons in response to glutamate-induced spike activation. The low density of K<sup>+</sup> channels on membranes and the low rate of the M-cholinergic response, which closes them at the onset of any adaptive act, prevent neurons from forming high-frequency and long-lasting impulse sequences to regulate behavior over a wide range in turtles with a preferred temperature of 28–32°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"285 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Vernalization on the Expression of Flowering Time Genes in Chickpea 春化对鹰嘴豆开花时间基因表达的影响

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S000635092570037X

M. P. Bankin, M. A. Duk, J. V. Puhalsky, S. I. Loskutov, E. A. Semenova, M. V. Gurkina, M. A. Vishnyakova, S. Yu. Surkova

引用次数: 0

The Spectral and Kinetic Characteristics of Tryptophan Fluorescence in Human and Bovine Serum Albumin at Different Temperatures 人、牛血清白蛋白色氨酸荧光在不同温度下的光谱和动力学特征

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700277

V. Z. Paschenko, V. V. Gorokhov, P. P. Knox, B. N. Korvatovsky, N. P. Grishanova, S. N. Goryachev, A. B. Rubin

{"title":"The Spectral and Kinetic Characteristics of Tryptophan Fluorescence in Human and Bovine Serum Albumin at Different Temperatures","authors":"V. Z. Paschenko, V. V. Gorokhov, P. P. Knox, B. N. Korvatovsky, N. P. Grishanova, S. N. Goryachev, A. B. Rubin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700277","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The temperature dependence of the duration of tryptophan fluorescence in human and bovine serum albumin in an aqueous solution and glycerol in the temperature range of –170 to 20°C has been studied. A model of forward and reverse electronic transitions in the tryptophan molecule from the excited state to the ground state and to the charge transfer state has been constructed. Three main spectral regions of tryptophan fluorescence with different behaviors of the temperature dependences of transition rates from the excited state of tryptophan to the state with charge transfer were determined. It was found that the dynamics of the hydrogen bonding system in the selected spectral regions had a determining influence on the character of the changes in the duration of tryptophan fluorescence. The nonlinear dependence of intramolecular transition rates on temperature found in this work is determined by the interaction of tryptophan molecules with the microenvironment. The rearrangements in the hydrogen bonding system of albumin protein containing tryptophan molecule have a determining influence on the processes of excitation deactivation in tryptophan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"215 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Features of Endolysins T5 and PlyG In Silico 硅内溶素T5和PlyG动态特性的比较分析

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700320

A. G. Arakelian, G. N. Chuev, T. V. Mamedov, A. Arikov, K. R. Ismailov

引用次数: 0

A Simplified Model of Skeletal Muscle Contraction Dynamics 一个简化的骨骼肌收缩动力学模型

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700393

I. D. Bekerov, A. V. Vlakhova, P. A. Kruchinin

{"title":"A Simplified Model of Skeletal Muscle Contraction Dynamics","authors":"I. D. Bekerov, A. V. Vlakhova, P. A. Kruchinin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700393","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The skeletal muscle contraction model as a complex of active motor units (sarcomeres) is discussed. The sarcomere model takes the fact into account that forces are generated by myosin bridges interacting with actin filaments in muscle myofibrils. The input of the model is the rate of calcium ion influx into muscle cells, which is assumed to be proportional to the motor neuron potential. The description of the muscle force as a whole uses averaging over an ensemble of motor units. The parameters of the model are adapted to describe contraction of a skeletal muscle sacromere. The transition from contraction of a single sarcomere to slow contraction of the whole muscle is constructed using motion separation methods. The model of “slow” contraction of a single muscle fiber excited by a single nerve impulse has no independent value because the characteristic time of change of the impulse potential is short. Nevertheless, for description of tetanic muscle contraction, when the change in the total action on the muscle is smooth enough, it seems acceptable to use such an approximate model. Approximate numerical estimates of the error of the constructed model for a simplified example are given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"324 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Electron Transport in Chloroplasts: Induction Processes in Tradescantia Leaves 叶绿体中电子传递的调控：龙葵叶片的诱导过程

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700290

I. S. Suslichenko, B. V. Trubitsin, A. N. Tikhonov

{"title":"Regulation of Electron Transport in Chloroplasts: Induction Processes in Tradescantia Leaves","authors":"I. S. Suslichenko, B. V. Trubitsin, A. N. Tikhonov","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700290","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of a comparative study of electron transport in chloroplasts in situ in the leaves of shade-tolerant and light-loving tradescantia species (<i>T. fluminensis</i> and <i>T. sillamontana</i>) grown under conditions of strong (800−1000 μmole m<sup>–2</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>of photons) or weak (moderate) illumination (50−125 μmole m<sup>–2</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>of photons) are described. Electron transport processes were monitored using the methods of electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy. The photoinduced redox transformations of the primary electron donor of photosystem I (P<sub>700</sub>) and the slow induction of chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence were studied. It has been shown that plants acclimated to high light intensity are characterized by faster processes of P<sub>700</sub> oxidation and chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence attenuation compared to plants grown at low light intensity. The data obtained are analyzed in the context of “short-term” mechanisms of pH-dependent regulation of electron transport in intact chloroplasts (non-photochemical quenching of excitation in photosystem II, slowing down the oxidation of plastoquinol by cytochrome <i>b</i><sub>6</sub><i>f</i> complex, and activation of Calvin−Benson cycle reactions).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"239 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review: The Effectiveness of Biomedical and Other Applications by the Utilization of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Manufactured Utilizing an Environmentally Safe Method 综述：利用环境安全方法制备的金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）在生物医学和其他应用中的有效性

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S000635092570040X

Shurooq Ibrahim Mahmood, Amal Khudair Abbas, Ashraf M. Alattar

{"title":"A Review: The Effectiveness of Biomedical and Other Applications by the Utilization of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Manufactured Utilizing an Environmentally Safe Method","authors":"Shurooq Ibrahim Mahmood, Amal Khudair Abbas, Ashraf M. Alattar","doi":"10.1134/S000635092570040X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S000635092570040X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The latest research on the use of gold nanoparticles obtained by an environmentally friendly method of “green” synthesis is considered. These nanoparticles are obtained with extracts from leaves, bark and seeds of plants of medicinal value, which are combined with gold nanoparticles or other types of nanoparticles. The data referenced in this review are taken from reputable platforms, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, and Scopus. We will show the results of studies that have demonstrated the effects of nanoparticles on tissues. Numerous studies indicate that the toxicity of gold nanoparticles obtained using environmentally friendly methods is minimal. To reduce the impact on the environment, priority should be given to the development of environmentally friendly methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this regard, researchers are looking for “green” methods to close the gaps and reduce possible problems. Biological synthesis processes are economically efficient, non-toxic, relatively uncomplicated, and environmentally friendly. The process of “green” synthesis involves the production of biological compounds from extracts of plants, bacteria and algae. The ability to manipulate the morphological characteristics (such as size, shape, and crystal structure) of gold nanoparticles during their creation plays an important role in a number of fields where nanoparticles are used. Biological molecules derived from plants are suitable for the production of metal nanoparticles. Numerous studies have demonstrated the possibility of using nanoparticles of both gold and other materials to perform therapeutic procedures with minimal impact on healthy tissues. In addition, such nanoparticles have the ability to repair damaged tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"337 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Effects of Riboxin, Copper Chlorophyllin, Indralin, and Combined Application of Glutathione and Ascorbic Acid on the Degree of DNA Damage in the Spleen of Mice under Fractionated Irradiation 核糖素、铜叶绿素、苦苷及谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸联合应用对分级辐照小鼠脾脏DNA损伤程度的影响

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700423

L. A. Romodin, A. A. Moskovskij, E. D. Rodionova, O. V. Nikitenko, T. M. Bychkova

引用次数: 0

Processes of Thermal Aggregation and Autolysis of Cysteine Protease Molecules: Bromelain, Ficin, and Papain 半胱氨酸蛋白酶分子的热聚集和自溶过程：菠萝蛋白酶、无花果蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700265

M. G. Holyavka, V. A. Koroleva, V. G. Artyukhov

{"title":"Processes of Thermal Aggregation and Autolysis of Cysteine Protease Molecules: Bromelain, Ficin, and Papain","authors":"M. G. Holyavka, V. A. Koroleva, V. G. Artyukhov","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700265","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among plant proteases, cysteine papain-like endopeptidases such as ficin, bromelain, and papain occupy an important place due to their high proteolytic activity in the physiological pH range of the medium. The processes of thermal aggregation and autolysis of protease molecules can have a significant influence on their activity and, consequently, on the prospects of practical application. The mechanisms of aggregation of protein molecules are still insufficiently studied and it is still impossible to unambiguously predict their aggregation stability on the basis of their amino-acid sequence. In this connection, the aim of this work was to study the processes of thermal aggregation and autolysis of molecules of some cysteine proteases. It was found that despite the similar structural and functional properties of ficin, bromelain, and papain their thermal aggregation processes proceed with different intensities. In particular, ficin and bromelain are approximately comparable in terms of their aggregation stability, whereas papain is significantly less susceptible to aggregation processes when exposed to elevated temperatures. It is suggested that the presence and configuration of internal structures of the molecule, such as cavities, tunnels, and pores, as well as the charge properties of its surface, have a significant influence on the stability of these cysteine proteases to aggregation processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 2","pages":"200 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study of the Distribution of Subcellular Structures in Algae Cells Using Optical Laser Tomography 光学激光层析成像技术研究藻类细胞亚细胞结构的分布

IF 4.033

Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700307

A. A. Samoilenko, G. G. Levin, A. A. Volgusheva, A. P. Kazakov, G. V. Maksimov

引用次数: 0

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