Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"The Mechanisms of Drug Resistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells in Three-Dimensional High-Density Cultures: a Study of Intracellular Accumulation of Chemotherapeutic Drugs","authors":"M. I. Kobyakova,&nbsp;Ya. V. Lomovskaya,&nbsp;R. S. Fadeev","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700708","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700708","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs in resistant cells of acute myeloid leukemia cultured in a three-dimensional high-density culture was studied. It was shown that neither the dense arrangement of cells nor the presence of the main ABC family transporter proteins most likely affects the increase in drug resistance of acute myeloid leukemia cells in a three-dimensional high-density cell culture. These data indicate the involvement of other mechanisms in increasing drug resistance in three-dimensional high-density cell cultures of acute myeloid leukemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 4","pages":"662 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic Modeling of Energy Balance in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Taking Transposon Activity and Different Methylation States into Account","authors":"S. R. Pavlov,&nbsp;E. V. Kanov,&nbsp;D. N. Razgulyaeva,&nbsp;V. V. Gursky","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700733","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700733","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mobile genetic elements (transposons) demonstrate increased activity in cancer cells. One possible anticancer strategy is the use of the energy costs associated with abnormal activity of mobile elements to create conditions of energy starvation in the cell and the associated launch of the cell death program. A stochastic model of the energy balance in the cell population is proposed in this work, taking the energy costs of retrotransposition of mobile elements LINE-1 and SINE into account. The parameter values in the model were obtained from literature data and new experimental measurements of the ATP level in MCF-7 cells under normal conditions and under hypomethylation conditions. As a result of numerical stochastic modeling, distributions of the variables in the model were constructed, representing the numbers of mRNA molecules and proteins involved in the main energy-consuming cellular processes, as well as the number of active LINE-1 and SINE retrotransposons in the genome. The distributions of energy expenditures by major cellular processes under steady-state conditions were calculated. It is shown that low energy expenditures associated with retrotransposition of mobile elements under normal conditions increase significantly when the model parameters are perturbed. These results can be used to implement practical scenarios of influence on the energy-mediated initiation of cell death programs in cancer cells through the activation of mobile elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 4","pages":"680 - 692"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Cholesterol on Spermatozoa Membranes: Investigation Using Spin Probes","authors":"A. G. Mironova,&nbsp;B. V. Trubitsin,&nbsp;E. Yu. Simonenko,&nbsp;A. V. Sybachin,&nbsp;S. A. Yakovenko,&nbsp;A. N. Tikhonov","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700678","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cholesterol plays an important role in the structural organization and functioning of spermatozoa membranes. The purpose of this work is to study the structural changes in human spermatozoa membranes using spin probes after removing cholesterol from them using beta-methylcyclodextrin, which binds cholesterol. Using a model system (liposomes with different cholesterol content), it was shown that the presence of cholesterol in liposomes affected the EPR spectra of the spin probe 5-doxyl stearate dissolved in the lipid bilayer, causing an increase in the microviscosity of the membrane. A study performed on human spermatozoa showed that the extraction of cholesterol from them using beta-methylcyclodextrin was accompanied by an increase in the mobility of the spin probe 5-doxyl stearate, indicating that the removal of cholesterol helps to reduce the microviscosity of the lipid bilayer of spermatozoa membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 4","pages":"632 - 642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Genotoxicity of Nitroprusside as a Nitrosonium Cation Donor","authors":"V. A. Tronov,&nbsp;N. E. Trifonova,&nbsp;E. I. Nekrasova,&nbsp;A. F. Vanin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700721","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700721","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The genotoxicity of sodium nitroprusside on human MCF-7 mammary gland adenocarcinoma cells was studied using the neutral comet method and the contribution of the nitrosonium ion (NO+) to the genotoxicity of sodium nitroprusside was determined. Genotoxicity was assessed by the yield of double-stranded DNA breaks after incubation of a cell culture with the agent for 1.5 hours. The genotoxicity of NO+ in sodium nitroprusside was determined after the procedure of reducing sodium nitroprusside using sodium dithionite, which converts nitroprusside from an NO+ donor to an NO only donor. It has been shown that sodium nitroprusside induces double-stranded DNA breaks in MCF-7 cells after 1.5 hours. This ability does not depend on the stage of the cell cycle: the proportions of damaged cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M+S stages are 29 ± 7 and 27 ± 6%, respectively. As a result of 90-minute incubation with 100 μM of sodium nitroprusside the proportion of cells that were severely damaged in the form of double-stranded DNA breaks is 25–30%, which is close to the proportion of nonviable cells according to the results of the MTT test at 24 and 48 hours of incubation (22 ± 4%). Sodium dithionite, by removing the toxic effect of NO+, protected MCF-7 cells from the genotoxic effects of nitroprusside, which indicates the involvement of NO+ in the formation of double-strand breaks. The mechanisms of double-stranded DNA fragmentation in cells under the action of nitroprusside are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 4","pages":"673 - 679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Quercetin on Radiosensitivity and the Adaptive Response in Mice","authors":"O. M. Rozanova,&nbsp;T. A. Belyakova,&nbsp;E. N. Smirnova","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700770","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700770","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work is devoted to the study of the action of quercetin on radiosensitivity and induction of the radiation adaptive response according to the criterion of cytogenetic damage in bone marrow cells under irradiation of mice with low and medium doses of X-rays. It was found that a single intraperitoneal administration of quercetin at a dose of 27.9 mg/kg leads to a significant increase in the radioresistance of mice to X-rays radiation at a dose of 1.5 Gy 5 and 24 h after injection, but not 20 min and 1 h, and does not change the value of adaptive response. Administration of quercetin at a concentration of 279 mg/kg 1 h before irradiation increased the radiosensitivity of mice but resulted in the disappearance of adaptive response. The involvement of oxidative stress levels and heat shock proteins at different stages of induction and formation of adaptive response depending on quercetin concentration is discussed</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 4","pages":"714 - 722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Competitive Ligand Binding to DNA: Using Dyes as Fluorescent Sensors","authors":"Y. D. Nechipurenko,&nbsp;E. A. Novikova,&nbsp;N. M. Smirnov,&nbsp;K. K. Khorunzheva,&nbsp;B. V. Paponov,&nbsp;A. F. Arutyunyan,&nbsp;D. N. Kaluzhny","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700459","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Determination of the interaction parameters of low-molecular-weight compounds with DNA is difficult in cases where the compounds do not exhibit appreciable fluorescence or their spectral changes are difficult to interpret. To solve this problem, an approach involving the use of known fluorescent dyes competitively binding on DNA is proposed. This approach uses a model describing the competitive binding of two extended ligands on a linear DNA matrix. This model allows approximation of experimental data and determination of binding parameters corresponding to two nonfluorescent types of ligands. The first type of ligand exhibits intercalation binding to DNA and competes with ethidium bromide, while the second type binds along the narrow groove and competes with Hoechst 33258 dye.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"387 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Phosphoinositide Cycle Metabolites in the Regulation of Excitation and Regeneration of Injured Somatic Nerves under the Action of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1","authors":"E. V. Chudaikina,&nbsp;M. V. Parchaykina,&nbsp;I. D. Molchanov,&nbsp;E. S. Revina,&nbsp;A. V. Zavarykina,&nbsp;M. A. Simakova,&nbsp;I. P. Grunyushkin,&nbsp;V. V. Revin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700526","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Changes in the qualitative composition and quantitative content of phosphoinositide cycle metabolites and their involvement in the process of excitation along nerve s have been studied; regeneration of injured somatic nerves under the action of insulin-like growth factor-1 has been established. It was shown that when the nerve is excited, there is a decrease in the level of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate and an increase in the content of phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, which indicates an intensification of phosphoinositide metabolism under conditions of depolarization of the nerve fiber membrane, as well as a redistribution of fatty acids in the phosphatidylinositol fractions, diacylglycerol and free fatty acids. Nerve incision is accompanied by the accumulation of all forms of phosphoinositides and a decrease in the level of diacylglycerol in both the proximal and distal segments of the nerve, apparently as a result of inactivation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Upon intramuscular administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 at a dose of 100 ng/kg, there is an intensification of phosphoinositide metabolism, accumulation of diacylglycerol and a decrease in free fatty acids. Using Raman spectroscopy, recording of action potentials and growth of cones, restoration of the physico-chemical state of the lipid bilayer and functional activity in the proximal segment of somatic nerves was revealed when insulin-like growth factor-1 was used, which correlates with our data on changes in the composition of the lipid fraction of injured nerves in the presence of the drug. We believe that insulin-like growth factor-1 is one of the factors of axonal regeneration and restoration of functioning of injured nerves, exerting its effect as a result of activation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"461 - 473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of H1-Histamine Receptor Binding Patterns to Antidepressants and New Allergy Drugs","authors":"A. M. Yurtaeva,&nbsp;A. A. Badalov,&nbsp;M. S. Kondratyev","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700484","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the methods of computational chemistry, quantum-chemical methods and flexible docking, the peculiarities of the spatial organization of protein-ligand complexes formed as a result of binding of the H1-histamine receptor to a set of drugs were investigated. Representatives of antihistamine drugs of different generations, a drug belonging to the group of antiemetics, as well as several representatives of the class of tricyclic antidepressants with a pronounced antihistamine effect were chosen for the study. The results of the study can potentially be used for the development of new-generation antihistamines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"423 - 433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Iron(II) Ions with Lipids of Lecithin Liposomes in Aqueous Medium","authors":"A. V. Mashukova,&nbsp;A. S. Dubovik,&nbsp;V. O. Shvydkiy,&nbsp;L. N. Shishkina","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700514","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700514","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interaction of ferrous ions in a wide range of concentrations with lipids from soy lecithin liposomes in an aqueous medium has been studied. Using thin-layer chromatography and dynamic light scattering methods, as well as mathematical processing of UV-spectra of lecithin and its mixtures with iron ions using the Gauss method, it was found that the participation of iron ions at different stages of the oxidation process, their interaction with lipids of liposomes and the effect on spontaneous aggregation of lecithin in an aqueous medium is due to the following factors: initial degree of oxidation lipids, their composition, the ratio of concentrations of lecithin and iron ions in the medium. The ratio of these factors either leads to the incorporation of iron ions into hydrophobic membrane sites, initiating oxidation processes, or causes the formation of complexes with N- and P-containing phospholipid fragments and disruption of the relationship between primary and secondary oxidation products. The absence of a linear dependence of the size of liposomes and their zeta potential on the concentration of iron ions in the medium was revealed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"453 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Models of COVID-19 Epidemic Waves with Evaluation of Changes in the Affinity of Spike Protein Binding to the ACE2 Cellular Receptor","authors":"A. Yu. Perevaryukha","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700551","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700551","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The purposeful development of special modeling methods for the specific modern epidemic situation with the accumulation of collective immunity, but the preservation of the mutating pathogen in the population, has continued. The evolution of SAR-CoV-2 does not stop due to the problem of chronic disease “Long COVID.” The change in the number of SAR-CoV-2 infections continues to develop in the form of long-term attenuating local waves with significant regional specificity. SIRS models have become ineffective for predicting sudden changes in trends and the shape of COVID-19 waves. As the author showed earlier, the waves arose after a brief period of unstable equilibrium, and the dynamics of situations are qualitatively different in isolated countries dominated by different branches of Omicron. The author has classified scenarios and developed equations for changing the phases of the start and decay of a series of waves with threshold states to describe the properties of a series of alternating series of peaks during the epidemic in Japan and New Zealand. The proposed method of forming equations with a choice of damping functions made it possible to empirically describe scenarios of regional waves of infections. After the end of the activity of the BA.2.86/JN branch strains, despite the unabated rate of emergence of new versions of coronavirus, there is no new global wave of morbidity in the winter of 2005. Convergent strains in most countries did not cause serious consequences, although experts reported on the danger of the XEC strain in the fall of 2024. They did not become dominant despite the ability shown by these variants to evade the antibodies developed in the population against the Omicron BA strain. The rate of spread of XEC and XEK strains is insufficient for a global wave, even with their ability to avoid antibodies, as other activity indicators have weakened. The base reproductive number is the resulting indicator of a number of characteristics of a strain; it is not applicable to mass infections. It is the indicators of virion binding to cells that the author suggests using when building models of epidemic development, taking into account evolution. Neural network-based methods already make it possible to predict a key aspect of the ability of cell infection from detected mutations in new strains, the affinity of S protein binding to the target cell receptor ACE2. The development of a modeling method with the inclusion of tracking the affinity index is proposed for situational redefinition of hybrid computing structures according to monitoring of current mutations and estimating the frequency of occurrence of strains. The prediction of an increase in the affinity of the ACE2–RBD S protein complex for strains entails a restructuring of the function of regulating the effectiveness of the counteraction model and a reassessment of the thresholds. The hybrid predicative structure describes the event-related transformations of the prop","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"498 - 520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}