The European Physical Journal H最新文献

Predictions of critical radii for reactors and bombs 1939–45 including the Frisch–Peierls memorandum 对1939 - 1945年反应堆和炸弹临界半径的预测，包括弗里施-佩尔斯备忘录

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00088-1

Joseph L. McCauley

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Lattice Gauge theory before lattice Gauge theory 格规理论之前的格规理论

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00089-0

J. B. Kogut

引用次数: 0

Raoul Gatto and Bruno Touschek’s joint legacy in the rise of electron–positron physics 拉乌尔·加托和布鲁诺·图谢克对电子-正电子物理学兴起的共同贡献

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00086-3

Luisa Bonolis, Franco Buccella, Giulia Pancheri

{"title":"Raoul Gatto and Bruno Touschek’s joint legacy in the rise of electron–positron physics","authors":"Luisa Bonolis, Franco Buccella, Giulia Pancheri","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00086-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00086-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Raoul Gatto and Bruno Touschek’s collaboration in the establishment of electron–positron colliders as a fundamental discovery tool in particle physics will be illustrated. In particular, we will tell the little-known story of how Gatto and Touschek’s pioneering visions combined to provide the theoretical foundation for AdA, the first matter–antimatter collider, and how their friendship with Wolfgang Pauli and Gerhard Lüders was crucial to their understanding of the CPT theorem, the basis for AdA’s success. We will see how these two exceptional scientists shaped physics between Rome and Frascati, from the proposal to build AdA and soon after the larger machine ADONE in 1961, to the discovery of the <span>(J/Psi )</span> particle in 1974. We will also highlight Gatto and Touschek’s contribution in mentoring an extraordinary cohort of students and collaborators whose work contributed to the renaissance of Italian theoretical physics after the Second World War and to the establishment of the Standard Model of particle physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00086-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Obituary—Prof. Wolf Beiglböck (1939–2024): Reminiscences on the architect of the European Physical Journal and Founding Editor of EPJ H Obituary-Prof。沃尔夫Beiglböck(1939-2024)：《欧洲物理杂志》的建筑师和EPJ H的创始编辑的回忆

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00087-2

Christian Caron, Sabine Lehr

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Equilibria and the protomodel of the Sun’s atmosphere by Karl Schwarzschild in hindsight 卡尔-施瓦兹柴尔德的平衡和太阳大气原模型的后见之明

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00083-6

Július Koza

引用次数: 0

A commented translation of Boltzmann’s work, “Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve.” 玻尔兹曼著作 "Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve" 的注释译文。

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00085-4

Jae Wan Shim

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Bohr and von Neumann on the universality of quantum mechanics: materials for the history of the quantum measurement process 玻尔和冯-诺依曼论量子力学的普遍性：量子测量过程史材料

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00082-7

Federico Laudisa

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From history of physics to “history for physics” 从物理学史到 "物理学史"

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00084-5

Bernadette Lessel

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The drama of ideas in the history of quantum gravity: Niels Bohr, Lev Landau, and Matvei Bronstein 量子引力史上的思想戏剧：尼尔斯-玻尔、列夫-朗道和马特维-布朗斯坦

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9

Gennady Gorelik

{"title":"The drama of ideas in the history of quantum gravity: Niels Bohr, Lev Landau, and Matvei Bronstein","authors":"Gennady Gorelik","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Einstein's expression <i>‘Drama of Ideas’</i> to describe the history of fundamental physics is especially suitable for the problem of quantum gravity (QG). The problem was identified by Einstein in 1916 based on an empirico-cosmological argument that was cosmologically flawed and empirically immeasurable. In 1929, the problem was strikingly underestimated by prominent figures in quantum theory, W. Heisenberg and W. Pauli. In 1929, Bohr, basing on the puzzling results of recent nuclear experiments and theoretical quantum limitations, hypothesized that the law of conservation of energy does not hold in nuclear physics. The young Russian physicist Landau enthusiastically supported Bohr's ‘beautiful idea’ and in 1931 proposed its theoretical justification, which, however, was rejected by Bohr. In late 1932, Landau realized that Bohr's hypothesis was incompatible with Einstein's theory of gravity. This meeting of two fundamental theories prompted Matvei Bronstein to investigate the quantization of gravity in-depth. In 1935, he proposed the first physical theory of QG for the weak gravity and revealed how deep the QG problem was for strong gravity. He showed that the gravitational field at a point in space–time is in principle unobservable and concluded that a complete theory of QG would require the ‘<i>rejection of a Riemannian geometry</i>…<i> and perhaps also the rejection of our ordinary concepts of space and time, replacing them by some much deeper and non-evident concepts’</i>. Until now, despite thousands of publications on QG, the problem remains a great challenge in theoretical physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The birth of StatPhys: the 1949 Florence conference at the juncture of national and international physics reconstruction after World War II 统计物理学的诞生：二战后国家和国际物理学重建关头的 1949 年佛罗伦萨会议

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2

Roberto Lalli, Paolo Politi

{"title":"The birth of StatPhys: the 1949 Florence conference at the juncture of national and international physics reconstruction after World War II","authors":"Roberto Lalli, Paolo Politi","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In spring 1949 about 70 physicists from eight countries met in Florence to discuss recent trends in statistical mechanics. This scientific gathering, co-organized by the Commission on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and the Italian Physical Society (SIF), initiated a tradition of IUPAP-sponsored international conferences on statistical mechanics that lasts to this day. In 1977, when this conference series took the name of StatPhys, the foundational role of the Florence conference was recognized by retrospectively naming it StatPhys1. This paper examines the dual scientific and social significance of the conference, situating it in the broader contexts of the post-World War II reconstruction in Italian physics and of the revitalization of the international science organization. Through an analysis of IUPAP archives and Italian records, we illustrate how the event’s success hinged on the aligned objectives of its organizers. Internationally, it was instrumental in defining the scientific and organizational foundations for the activities of IUPAP commissions during a critical phase of IUPAP’s history, when the Union was resurging on the international scene after the inactivity of the interwar period. Nationally, the conference served as a cornerstone in SIF’s strategy to re-establish Italian physics’ international stature and to aid the domestic revitalization of physics through the internationalization of its activities, notably of its flagship journal, <i>Il Nuovo Cimento</i>. This analysis not only sheds light on the conference’s impact but also informs recent discussions in the history of science about the multiple roles of international scientific conferences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141566371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0