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Obituary—Prof. Wolf Beiglböck (1939–2024): Reminiscences on the architect of the European Physical Journal and Founding Editor of EPJ H
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00087-2
Christian Caron, Sabine Lehr
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引用次数: 0
Equilibria and the protomodel of the Sun’s atmosphere by Karl Schwarzschild in hindsight 卡尔-施瓦兹柴尔德的平衡和太阳大气原模型的后见之明
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00083-6
Július Koza
{"title":"Equilibria and the protomodel of the Sun’s atmosphere by Karl Schwarzschild in hindsight","authors":"Július Koza","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00083-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00083-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concepts of radiative and adiabatic equilibria, introduced by Karl Schwarzschild in his seminal paper <i>Ueber das Gleichgewicht der Sonnenatmosphäre</i> published in January 1906, are the founding blocks of the theory of radiative transfer, stellar structure, and solar physics. Careful reading of the paper and its later English translation reveals small formal inaccuracies and ambiguities but with no consequences whatsoever for the final outcomes and conclusions. This paper offers their adjustments with respective derivations using contemporary formalism and sets Schwarzschild’s paper in context with a historical and modern perspective. Particular attention is paid to Schwarzschild’s largely forgotten limb-darkening formula for adiabatic equilibrium. The paper also reproduces Schwarzschild’s radiative equilibrium protomodel of the Sun’s atmosphere in graphical form and compares it with modern models presented in some of the most cited papers in stellar and solar physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00083-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A commented translation of Boltzmann’s work, “Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve.” 玻尔兹曼著作 "Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve" 的注释译文。
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00085-4
Jae Wan Shim
{"title":"A commented translation of Boltzmann’s work, “Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve.”","authors":"Jae Wan Shim","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00085-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00085-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Boltzmann’s work, “Ueber die sogenannte <i>H</i>-Curve,” discusses his demonstration of the essential characteristics of the <i>H</i>-curve in a clear, concise, and precise style, showcasing his efforts to persuade his peers. To make these findings more widely accessible, the author aims to provide a translated version of the original article, while also correcting some typographical errors in the mathematical expressions with explanatory footnotes. The final section offers concluding remarks with graphs and relevant references for interested readers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bohr and von Neumann on the universality of quantum mechanics: materials for the history of the quantum measurement process 玻尔和冯-诺依曼论量子力学的普遍性：量子测量过程史材料
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00082-7
Federico Laudisa
{"title":"Bohr and von Neumann on the universality of quantum mechanics: materials for the history of the quantum measurement process","authors":"Federico Laudisa","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00082-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00082-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Bohr and von Neumann views on the measurement process in quantum mechanics have been interpreted for a long time in somewhat controversial terms, often leading to misconceptions. On the basis of some textual analysis, I would like to show that—contrary to a widespread opinion—their views should be taken less inconsistent, and much closer to each other, than usually thought. As a consequence, I claim that Bohr and von Neumann are conceptually on the same side on the issue of the universality of quantum mechanics: hopefully, this might contribute to a more accurate history of the measurement problem in quantum mechanics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00082-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From history of physics to “history for physics” 从物理学史到 "物理学史"
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00084-5
Bernadette Lessel
{"title":"From history of physics to “history for physics”","authors":"Bernadette Lessel","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00084-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00084-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The drama of ideas in the history of quantum gravity: Niels Bohr, Lev Landau, and Matvei Bronstein 量子引力史上的思想戏剧：尼尔斯-玻尔、列夫-朗道和马特维-布朗斯坦
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9
Gennady Gorelik
{"title":"The drama of ideas in the history of quantum gravity: Niels Bohr, Lev Landau, and Matvei Bronstein","authors":"Gennady Gorelik","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00080-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Einstein's expression <i>‘Drama of Ideas’</i> to describe the history of fundamental physics is especially suitable for the problem of quantum gravity (QG). The problem was identified by Einstein in 1916 based on an empirico-cosmological argument that was cosmologically flawed and empirically immeasurable. In 1929, the problem was strikingly underestimated by prominent figures in quantum theory, W. Heisenberg and W. Pauli. In 1929, Bohr, basing on the puzzling results of recent nuclear experiments and theoretical quantum limitations, hypothesized that the law of conservation of energy does not hold in nuclear physics. The young Russian physicist Landau enthusiastically supported Bohr's ‘beautiful idea’ and in 1931 proposed its theoretical justification, which, however, was rejected by Bohr. In late 1932, Landau realized that Bohr's hypothesis was incompatible with Einstein's theory of gravity. This meeting of two fundamental theories prompted Matvei Bronstein to investigate the quantization of gravity in-depth. In 1935, he proposed the first physical theory of QG for the weak gravity and revealed how deep the QG problem was for strong gravity. He showed that the gravitational field at a point in space–time is in principle unobservable and concluded that a complete theory of QG would require the ‘<i>rejection of a Riemannian geometry</i>…<i> and perhaps also the rejection of our ordinary concepts of space and time, replacing them by some much deeper and non-evident concepts’</i>. Until now, despite thousands of publications on QG, the problem remains a great challenge in theoretical physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142202183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The birth of StatPhys: the 1949 Florence conference at the juncture of national and international physics reconstruction after World War II 统计物理学的诞生：二战后国家和国际物理学重建关头的 1949 年佛罗伦萨会议
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2
Roberto Lalli, Paolo Politi
{"title":"The birth of StatPhys: the 1949 Florence conference at the juncture of national and international physics reconstruction after World War II","authors":"Roberto Lalli,&nbsp;Paolo Politi","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In spring 1949 about 70 physicists from eight countries met in Florence to discuss recent trends in statistical mechanics. This scientific gathering, co-organized by the Commission on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and the Italian Physical Society (SIF), initiated a tradition of IUPAP-sponsored international conferences on statistical mechanics that lasts to this day. In 1977, when this conference series took the name of StatPhys, the foundational role of the Florence conference was recognized by retrospectively naming it StatPhys1. This paper examines the dual scientific and social significance of the conference, situating it in the broader contexts of the post-World War II reconstruction in Italian physics and of the revitalization of the international science organization. Through an analysis of IUPAP archives and Italian records, we illustrate how the event’s success hinged on the aligned objectives of its organizers. Internationally, it was instrumental in defining the scientific and organizational foundations for the activities of IUPAP commissions during a critical phase of IUPAP’s history, when the Union was resurging on the international scene after the inactivity of the interwar period. Nationally, the conference served as a cornerstone in SIF’s strategy to re-establish Italian physics’ international stature and to aid the domestic revitalization of physics through the internationalization of its activities, notably of its flagship journal, <i>Il Nuovo Cimento</i>. This analysis not only sheds light on the conference’s impact but also informs recent discussions in the history of science about the multiple roles of international scientific conferences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00079-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141566371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Publisher Correction: Pascual Jordan: from matrix multiplication to interference law 出版商更正：帕斯夸尔-乔丹：从矩阵乘法到干涉定律
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00077-4
Domenico Costantini, Carlo Ferigato
{"title":"Publisher Correction: Pascual Jordan: from matrix multiplication to interference law","authors":"Domenico Costantini,&nbsp;Carlo Ferigato","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00077-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00077-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00077-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The development of the concept of exchange forces in the 1930s: close encounters between Europe and Japan and the birth of nuclear theory 20 世纪 30 年代交换力概念的发展：欧洲与日本的密切接触与核理论的诞生
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00078-3
Marco Di Mauro, Salvatore Esposito, Adele Naddeo
{"title":"The development of the concept of exchange forces in the 1930s: close encounters between Europe and Japan and the birth of nuclear theory","authors":"Marco Di Mauro,&nbsp;Salvatore Esposito,&nbsp;Adele Naddeo","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00078-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00078-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The onset and the development of the concept of exchange force in quantum physics are historically reconstructed, starting from Heisenberg’s seminal contributions in 1926 and going through the great developments in nuclear physics, which allowed the emergence of the idea of force mediating virtual quanta. Although most of such work was performed in Europe, the last and decisive effort in this long path was carried out by Japanese scientists in the 1930s. This is the main focus of the present work, which retraces the achievements of Yukawa and Tomonaga, whose results and mutual interactions are carefully analyzed and related to those of European physicists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pascual Jordan: from matrix multiplication to interference law 帕斯夸尔-乔丹：从矩阵乘法到干涉定律
IF 0.8 4区 物理与天体物理
The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00073-8
Domenico Costantini, Carlo Ferigato
{"title":"Pascual Jordan: from matrix multiplication to interference law","authors":"Domenico Costantini,&nbsp;Carlo Ferigato","doi":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00073-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00073-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pascual Jordan was the first to propose the law of interference of probability amplitudes as a principle of quantum mechanics. We analyze the role of probabilistic ideas played in this proposal from a historical perspective. In particular, we point out the relation between the usual theory of probability that Jordan called elementary and quantum mechanics. Jordan was the first to stress the analogy between the law of total probability and the law of interference. In this regard, we speculate about the intellectual path Jordan might have followed in order to arrive at the interference law. We do not oppose the usual probability to quantum probability. Instead, we are convinced, as Jordan was, that the rules of quantum mechanics are the rules of a probability theory that has ceased to be elementary.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjh/s13129-024-00073-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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